SUPPOSITORIES  13.760g - 0.800g = 12.

960g Cocoa
 solid DF intended for insertion into body Butter
 (suppose that 800mg ASA occupies
orifice where they melt, soften, dissolve, the same volume as 800mg cocoa butter.
and exert localized and systemic effects This is NOT ACCURATE! )
TYPES  ASA has a density factor 1.1 with Cocoa
 Rectal – cylindrical, bullet shaped, 32mm Butter (1.1g of ASA will displace 1g of
(11/2 inch), 2g (adult), 1g (children)
o Local – 1/3 upper portion Cocoa Butter)
 Amount of base that is
o Systemic – 1/3 lower portion of displaced by the amount of ASA used
 1.1
rectum g ASA/ 1 g CB = 0.8 g ASA / x
 Urethral – slender/pencil shape  X = 0.727 g Cocoa Butter displaced by
o Male – 4g 140mm 3-6mm
0.8g ASA
 Weight of Cocoa Butter
o Female – 2g 70mm
o dilation of uterus, anti-infective, needed for the Rx order (+ 2 extra)
erectile dysfunction  13.767g - 0.727g = 13.032g Cocoa Butter
 Vaginal – Globular, oviform, core-shaped;
5g; anti-fungal, anti-infective, contraceptive
METHODS OF PREPARATION
 Molding/Fusion
 Hand rolling
 Compression
BASES
 Cocoa butter
o theobroma oil, most widely used
 Witepool
o contains natural saturated fatty acid
chain C12&18
 Wecobee
o from coconut oil
INGREDIENTS
 Aspirin 100mg
 Cocoa butter q.s.
M. ft. suppositories #6
Sig. insert 1 suppository q4-6 hr prn pain
REMARKS
 Dose: usual pediatric: 10-15mg/kg/4hr up to
60-80mg/kg/day
 If pt weighs 22 lbs:
o 22 lbs x (1kg/2.2 lbs) = 10kg
o 100 mg ASA/dose x 6 doses/day
x 1/10 kg = 60mg/kg/day
o Compatibility-Stability
o Store in well closed container in
cool place
o Although ASA is subjected to
hydrolysis in presence of H2O, no
water
 Amount of Cocoa Butter Needed

 Medicated Sticks  also known as salve/charisma
 semi-solid prep intended for external
 convenient form for topical medications application to skin & mucous membranes
 diff. sizes & shapes
CHARACTERISTICS
DESIRABLE CHARACTERISTICS  free from grittiness
 spreads easily, no excessive greasiness
 becomes rancid with time
 no sweating, crumbling, cracking
 easily spread
 uniform, stable, no mottling
BASES USES
 emollient – skin pliable
 Melting bases
o soften @ body temp & spread drug-  protective barrier
vehicle mixture over skin  vehicle – for medication
 Opaque: waxes, oils, PEGs PACKAGING
 Clear: sodium  Jars
stearate/glycerin mixtures o scrape surface, don’t dig
o if waxes/oils/plain polymers(PEGs)  it will leave greater surface
alone: topical effect area exposed
 Moisten bases  increased rancidity & growth
o solid sticks; moisten to activate of bacteria
o conc. sol’n of drug is present at tip;  Tubes
topical o more preferred; less exposure
o for drugs not stable in forms other BASES
than dry, hard crystalline stick  Oleaginous
 Styptic pencil containing alum o non-H2O washable, anhydrous, insol.
or aluminum sulfate in H2O
 Some ingredients added: o cannot absorb/contain H2O
o Vit. E & A: emollient, skin o Petrolatum, Synthetic ester, Lanolin
enhancement derivatives
o Zinc oxide, PABA: sun block  Absorption
o Perfume oil: perfume sticks o Non-H2O washable, anhydrous,
COUNSELLING insol. in but can absorb H2O
 apply only to affected area o Hydrophillic petrolatum, Woolfat
 apply liberally over area (anhydrous lanolin)
 apply as needed  Emulsion
 clean surface of stick w/ clean tissue after o Hydrophillic ointment, vanishing
use cream (O/W); hydrous woolfat; cold
 do not share w/ others cream
INGREDIENTS  Water soluble
o PEG, Propylene glycol
 Methyl salicylate 5.5g
 Menthol 1.5g METHODS OF PREPARATION
 Sodium stearate 1.5g  Levigation
 Propylene glycol 2.5g o mortar & pestle
 Purified water 1.2g o  to impalpable powder to
Dispense 5g medication stick  grittiness and form smooth
Sig. Apply to painful areas of right elbow & arm nucleus
t.i.d. prn pain  Fusion
o heat
o heat substance w/ high melting point
(wax, spermaceti) using water bath
OINTMENTS
 before adding soft, oleaginous o solvent
material METHODS OF PREPARATION
INGREDIENTS  Simple solution
 Betamethasone diprprionate ointment 1g o dissolve solute in solvent
 PEG 400 2g o NaCl sol’n, Strong Iodine sol’n
 Distilled water 2g  Chemical reaction
Mitte 5g o reacting 2/more solutes w/ each
Sig. Apply to affected area 2x/day other in suitable solvent
REMARKS o Magnesium citrate solution
 Bethamethasone diproprionate ointment:  Solution by Distillation
anti-inflammatory o if solute is volatile
 PEG + Dist. H2O + Bethamethasone oint.  Solution by Extraction
o Vaseline + Bethamethasone   o Maceration
absorb water o Percolation
INGREDIENTS o Digestion – gentle heat
 Hydrocortisone 0.6g o Infusion – hot/cold water
 Urea 6.0g o Decoction – boiling for 15 mins
INGREDIENTS
 White petrolatum, qs ad 60.0g
Sig. Apply to affected area up to q.i.d.  Potassium citrate 10%(w/v) oral sol’n 30 mL
Sig. Take 15 mL t.i.d.
REMARKS REMARKS
Wt. Hydrocortisone 0.6g  10g:100mL::x:30mL
Paraben/PG 3.0g o x = 3g Pot. citrate, qs ad water
Urea 6.0g  Solubility: 1g:1mL of water
H2O 9.0g
 Amber bottle, White label
18.6g
 USE: expectorant, systemic alkalinizer,
Wt. petrolatum = 60g – 18.6g = 41.4g
Diuretic
hydrophilic petrolatum
 Aqueous solution = slightly alkaline; will
 Urea: hard crystalline subs. difficult to
react w/ acid substance
levigate to a fine powder
o dissolve in water before  Pot. citrate salt of citric acid & potassium
incorporation into ointment base bicarbonate
 White petrolatum: cannot absorb H2O INGREDIENTS
added  KMnO4 solution 1:20,000
+ 3g of preservative due to the addition of Dispense 30mL
water Sig. Apply to affected area t.i.d.
Methyl paraben 0.2% of oint. 0.12g  KMnO4
Propyl paraben 0.02% 0.012g o stable in air & light, but readily
Propylene glycol 2-3% 2.868g decomposed by reducing agent
3.00g o solution is unstable
Method used: Geometric dilution o 1g:15mL water
o powerful oxidizing agent
o antiseptic/anti-infective
0.5% KMnO4 stock sol’n
0.5g/100mL = 0.005g/x x = 0.3mL
(1/20,000) x 100 = 0.005
C1V1 = C2V2
Solutions (0.005%)(30mL) = (0.5%)(x)
INGREDIENTS
x = 0.3mL

 liquid preps containing 2 or more soluble

KIss
substances in a suitable solvent
Dispense 120 mL
o solute
Sig. Take 15 mL t.i.d.
REMARKS
 Saturated sol’n – max. amt. of solute that
solvent can dissolve at a certain temp.
 KI crystals – stable in air, slightly
hygroscopic in moist air
 KI aq. sol’n – gradually becomes yellow 
oxidation of KI to free Iodine
 Uses: Tx of goiter; expectorant; Tx of
bronchitis and asthma
 Solubility: 1g:0.7mL H2O
 Amber bottle; white label
INGREDIENTS
 Iodine 3.0g
 Potassium iodide 10g
 Aq. Menth. Pp. q.s. 100mL
M. Sol.
Sig. Gtt 5 in ½ glass of water ut dict
 Iodine – volatilize at room temp; 1g:30mL
H2O; oxidizing agent
 KI – increases solubility of iodine
 transparent liquid having deep brown color
w/ odor of iodine
 Uses: Tx of thyrotoxicosis; germicide,
fungicide, antiseptic
 Amber bottle; white label