SULHOG-EV Yolanda Reconstruction Plan

sulhog
Eastern Visayas Yolanda Reconstruction Plan
25 March 2014
SULHOG is the local term for “ray of light.”

Message
The catastrophic impact of Supertyphoon Yolanda can no longer be questioned. We know in our minds and hearts that
the extent of damage and losses are something that go beyond statistical figures and numbers. Experience tells us that
any place hit by a disaster, especially when it is of much higher intensity, takes a great deal of resilience to be able to
recover. How much more for Eastern Visayas, whose large part, including its regional capital and only Highly Urbanized
City of Tacloban, had been decimated to a place of rubbish and despondency? For all the havoc wreaked by Yolanda in
this part of the country, it would indeed take a lot of hard work, coordinated efforts, and synergistic commitment from
all sectors possible in order for Region VIII to bounce back and continue its quest for poverty reduction and inclusive
growth.
It is under this premise that this Sulhog – Yolanda Reconstruction Plan has been crafted.
As Vice-Chair of the Regional Development Council (RDC) VIII and Vice-Chair for Rehabilitation and Recovery of the
Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (RDRRMC) VIII, NEDA VIII has risen to the challenge and the
privilege of initiating the preparation of this Plan document.
We need Sulhog to put together what the government agencies, local government units, and the public academe
intend to do to help rebuild the affected areas and sectors, with the common goal of building this region better and safer.
This should be our constant reminder to be on track and to put our acts together.
The pain caused by Yolanda is somewhat negated by the phenomenal opportunity to be able to build back better, given
the overwhelming support that comes our way in many forms – humanitarian aid for immediate disaster relief, funding
assistance for rehabilitation and recovery projects, and even technical assistance willing to be shared by experts on
understanding better the disaster that hit us and preventing another one from hitting us in the future.
As we allow ourselves to be guided by this Plan document, we convey to you some hard facts that we have been facing
as a region before Yolanda hit us. Eastern Visayas has been steadily inching up higher in the ranks of poverty incidence.
Based on the Family Income and Expenditure Survey, it was the 7th poorest region in the country in 2006; the 5th poorest
in 2009; then finally in 2012, the 2nd poorest. Worse, the regional economy in 2012 slumped when the Gross Regional
Domestic Product contracted by negative 6.2%.
This is a very bleak picture that we are presenting but nevertheless one that could be taken as an eye opener and a call
to action. Initially, we might want to aim to at least bring the region to its pre-disaster conditions, but such is not at all
an ideal state of development, and therefore is something that we should not settle with. We will rebuild but we need
to rebuild better.
Let us call to mind the existence of the Updated Regional Development Plan 2014-2016, which was adopted to guide our
actions towards the attainment of our triple vision of becoming an agri-business leader, a tourism haven, and information
and communications technology (ICT) leader. While Sulhog charts out our way to rehabilitation and recovery, the RDP
illustrates our way of attaining a robust economy, liberating ourselves from pervasive poverty, and ultimately, making
inclusive growth more than just a buzz word.
However, it is essential that we bounce back first after Yolanda. It should not be that difficult because of the outpouring
assistance coming from the national government as embodied in the Reconstruction Assistance on Yolanda (RAY) and
the rehabilitation plans of the Office of the Presidential Assistant for Rehabilitation and Recovery (OPARR) clusters on
infrastructure, resettlement, livelihood, social services, and support.
With all these support systems in place, there is great promise that Eastern Visayas will be able to get back on its feet
and move undauntedly again towards becoming a progressive region.
Let Sulhog then be our source of inspiration in our recovery work and a concrete reminder for all of us to, at all times,
be in cadence in moving towards a common direction. Sulhog, as the name suggests, should be taken as our symbol of
hope, our “ray of light.” By putting our acts together, we can spread this light to obliterate the darkness and desolation
left behind by Yolanda.
ATTY. BONIFACIO G. UY
Vice-Chair, RDC VIII,
Vice-Chair, RDRRMC VIII and
Regional Director, NEDA VIII
Republic of the Philippines
REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL
Eastern Visayas (Region VIII)
Excerpts from the Minutes of the Regional Development Council VIII Meeting held on
March 25, 2014 at the Tierra de Milagros, Palo, Leyte
RDC VIII Resolution No. 7, Series of 2014
APPROVING THE EASTERN VISAYAS YOLANDA

RECONSTRUCTION AND RECOVERY PLAN (EV-YRRP)
Whereas, the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), in its capacity as the Vice-
Chair for Rehabilitation and Recovery of the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
(NDRRMC), pursuant to Republic Act No. 10121, initiated at the national level the formulation of the
Reconstruction Assistance on Yolanda (RAY), which is a framework document on the rehabilitation and
recovery plan for all regions of the country affected by Typhoon Yolanda;
Whereas, the NEDA Regional Office VIII, pursuant to its mandate as the Vice-Chair for
Rehabilitation and Recovery of the Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
(RDRRMC) and RDC VIII Resolution No. 54, Series of 2013, coordinated the preparation of the Eastern
Visayas Yolanda Reconstruction and Recovery Plan (EV-YRRP);
Whereas, following a participatory process in preparing the EV-YRRP, the NEDA VIII conducted
various activities such as, but not limited to, the sectoral rehabilitation planning workshops, agency
visits, and distribution of letter-requests to generate damage and loss assessment reports and proposed
rehabilitation and recovery interventions from agencies, local government units, state universities and
colleges, and the private/business sector;
Whereas, the EV-YRRP contains four chapters, namely: Chapter 1: Characterization of Typhoon
Yolanda (Haiyan), Chapter 2: Eastern Visayas Before Yolanda, Chapter 3: Eastern Visayas Immediately
After Yolanda, and Chapter 4: Bouncing Back From Yolanda;
Whereas, upon presentation to the Council in this meeting, the draft EV-YRRP was found to
be responsive to the rehabilitation and recovery requirements of the region, with recommendations
to update the figures on the damage, loss, and needs;
NOW THEREFORE, be it RESOLVED, as it is hereby RESOLVED, to approve the Eastern Visayas

Yolanda Reconstruction and Recovery Plan (EV-YRRP), subject to the incorporation of the final Yolanda
Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) and improvement of the title.
UNANIMOUSLY APPROVED, this 25th day of March, Two Thousand and Fourteen, at Palo,
Leyte.
Certified true and correct: Attested/Approved:
ERNESTO T. OCTAVIANO BONIFACIO G. UY

RDC VIII Acting Secretary RDC VIII Vice-Chair and
Presiding Officer
Table of Contents
Message
RDC VIII Resolution No. 7, s. 2014
10 Introduction
12 Chapter 1: Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan)
15 Chapter 2: Eastern Visayas Before Yolanda
15 General Profile
16 Unique Characteristics of Eastern Visayas
17 Socio-economic Situation
21 State of Infrastructure Development
22 Regional Development Framework
23 Chapter 3: Eastern Visayas Immediately After Yolanda
23 Overall Impact to the Region
25 Infrastructure Sector
26 Economic Sector
27 Social Sector
27 Cross-sectoral Impacts and Needs
28 Macroeconomy
34 Looting: Side-Effect of Yolanda
35 Chapter 4: Bouncing Back From Yolanda
36 Principles
37 Priority Interventions
38 Complete List of All Interventions
38 Infrastructure Sector
40 Economic Sector
48 Social Sector
51 Cross-sectoral Interventions
51 Peace and Security
52 Environment
53 Macroeconomy
55 Governance
60 Special Section on Policy and Operational Issues/
Concerns and Recommendations
60 Agriculture
62 Trade, Industry and Services
64 Social Sector
65 Infrastructure
67 Environment
68 Governance
List of tables and figures
Page No.
Table 1. Projected GRDP Growth Rates: 2013-2016 22

Table 2. Total Damage and Losses and Total Needs per Major Sector 23
Table 3. Damage, Losses and Needs for the Infrastructure Sector (in PhP million) 25
Table 4. Damage, Losses and Needs for the Economic Sector (in PhP million) 26
Table 5. Damage, Losses and Needs for the Social Sector (in PhP million) 27
Table 6. Cross-sectoral Damage, Losses and Needs (in PhP million) 28
Table 7. Impact on 2013 GRDP 28
Table 8. Impact of Yolanda on Poverty Incidence Among Population 30
Table 9. Eastern Visayas Labor and Employment: July 2013 30
Table 10. Number of Affected Workers in Industry and Services by City/Province 31
Table 11. Number of Affected Workers in AHFF by Province 31
Table 12. Region VIII 2013 3rd and 4th Quarter Revenue Collections (in PhP) 32
Table 13. Region VIII Annual Revenue Collections: 2011-2013 (in PhP) 32
Table 14. Consumer Price Index, Inflation Rate, and Purchasing Power of Peso
in Region VIII: 2012-2013 33
Table 15. Month-on-Month Regional Inflation by Commodity Group in
Eastern Visayas: October, November and December 2013, (2006=100) 33
Table 16. Pathway to Recovery 37
Figure 1. Tracks of the Three Typhoons 13

Figure 2. Path of Supertyphoon Yolanda 13
Figure 3. Eastern Visayas Household Population by Sex and Age: 2010 15
Figure 4. GRDP Growth Rates, Philippines and Eastern Visayas: 2008-2012 17
Figure 5. GRDP Growth Rates by Major SeFctor: 2010-2012 17
Figure 6. Production Growth Rate by Commodity: 2012 18
Figure 7. Provincial Shares to Total Agricultural Production: 2012 18
Figure 8. Top Five Exports of Eastern Visayas: 2011-2012 (in million US dollars) 19
Figure 9. Participation Rate, Eastern Visayas: SY 2011-2012 20
Figure 10. Cohort Survival Rate, Eastern Visayas: SY 2011-2012 20
Figure 11. Vision and Development Thrusts of Eastern Visayas 22
Figure 12. Affected Areas of Eastern Visayas 24
Abbreviations and
Acronyms
AHFF agriculture, hunting, fishery and forestry
BFAR Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
BIR Bureau of Internal Revenue
BPMO business process management
CPI consumer price index
CSC Civil Service Commission
DA Department of Agriculture
DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources
DepEd Department of Education
DOLE Department of Labor and Employment
DOST Department of Science and Technology
DPWH Department of Public Works and Highways
DILG Department of the Interior and Local Government
DTI Department of Trade and Industry
DWSD Department of Social Welfare and Development
ECs electric cooperatives
EDC Energy Development Corporation
EVRGC Eastern Visayas Regional Growth Center
GDP gross domestic product
GIS geographic information system
GRDP gross regional domestic product
GVA gross valued added
ICT information and communications technology
IDP internally displaced persons
kph kilometers per hour
LIDE Leyte Industrial Development Estate
LWUA Local Water Utilities Administration
MDG Millennium Development Goals
MSME micro, small, medium enterprise
NDHS National Demographic Health Survey
NEDA National Economic and Development Authority
NSCB National Statistical Coordination Board
NSO National Statistics Office
OCD Office of Civil Defense
PAR Philippine Area of Responsibility
PASAR Philippine Associated Smelting and Refining Corporation
PCA Philippine Coconut Authority
PCIC Philippine Crop Insurance Corporation
PDNA Post Disaster Needs Assessment
PhilFIDA Philippine Fiber Industry Development Authority
PHILPHOS Philippine Phosphate Fertilizer Corporation
PPA Philippine Ports Authority
PPAN Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition
PPAs programs, projects and activities
R&R rehabilitation and recovery
RAY Reconstruction Assistance on Yolanda
RDC Regional Development Council
RDP Regional Development Plan
RDRRMC Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
RLA regional line agency
RORO roll on-roll off
SBC Small Business Corporation
SETUP Small Enterprise Technology Upgrading Program
SSF shared service facility
SUC state universities and colleges
TC Tropical Cyclone
acknowledgement
With deep gratitide, we, at NEDA VIII,
would like to thank everyone who contributed in crafting this Plan document.
National Line Agencies

BFAR, BIR, CAAP, DA, DAR, DENR, DepEd, DILG, DOH, DOLE, DOST, DOT, DPWH,
DTI, DSWD, EMB, NSCB, NSO, OCD, PAGASA, PCA, PhilFIDA, PNP, PPA-Ormoc, PPA-
Tacloban, NIA, NHA, NNC, TESDA
Local Government Units

Province of Leyte, Province of Biliran, Province of Southern Leyte, Province of Eastern
Samar, Province of Northern Samar, Tacloban City, Baybay City, Catbalogan City, and
Ormoc City
State Universities and Colleges

ESSU, EVSU, LNU, NSU, NwSSU, PIT, SLSU, SSU, UEP, and VSU
Private organizations and individuals

Ormoc-Kananga MDCCI, Inc., DORELCO, Carigara Water District, and Mr. Oliver Cam
Photo Credits
Charlie David Martinez

www.chicagotribune.com
EPA/NOAA/Handout/Landov
Mahar Lagmay, DOST-PAGASA
www.america.aljazeera.com
DA VIII
www.america.aljazeera.com
Edwin Malasig/Rappler
www.thetimes.com
www.nbcnews.com
Photo Credit: Charlie David Martinez
Introduction
Role of Eastern Visayas in National Development. Eastern Visayas Region serves as the
geographical backbone of the Philippines as it lies in the mid-easternmost border of the Philippine
archipelago. Owing to its location, it is the principal gateway to northern and southern parts
of the country via the Maharlika Highway. It is also a resource-blest region in terms of natural
endowments, which are considered great potentials for economic growth. Given these traits, it
plays a significant role in the development of the country. As embodied in its 2011-2016 Regional
Development Plan, it was aiming to become a leader in agri-business and ICT and a tourism haven
as its contribution to the national goal of inclusive growth.
Supertyphoon Yolanda. However, by twist of fate, on November 8, 2013, most of Eastern Visayas
was ravaged by Supertyphoon Yolanda (International name Haiyan). The storm surge precipitated
by the typhoon in its coastal towns claimed thousands of lives and wrought massive destruction to
private and public properties. The government and the private sector joined hands in delivering
humanitarian response to those affected by the typhoon. But knowing that relief assistance will
have to come to an end, the government saw the imperativeness of starting rehabilitation and
recovery efforts in the soonest possible time.
How was this Plan prepared?
sulHog was prepared by the NEDA Regional Office VIII under the auspices of the Regional Disaster
Risk Reduction and Management Council VIII as well as the Regional Development Council VIII.
By law, NEDA VIII is mandated to act as Vice-Chair for Rehabilitation and Recovery under the
RDRRMC structure. This is pursuant to Republic Act 10121, otherwise known as the National
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Law. Meanwhile, the RDC VIII, in its earnest desire to
facilitate the rehabilitation of the region, passed RDC VIII Resolution No. 54, s. 2013, Approving
the Preparation of the Eastern Visayas Yolanda Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan and Enjoining all
Entities to Support its Preparation.
The content of sulhog emanated from the inputs of various regional line agencies, provincial
and city governments, private sector representatives, and state universities and colleges. Through
formal requests and workshops, assessment of the damage and losses, resulting issues and
10
concerns, and proposed interventions were solicited from the different sectors. The assessment
portion was based on the Post Disaster Needs Assessment conducted by the RDRRMC through the
leadership of the Office of Civil Defense.
Why this Plan? At the national level, there already exists a blueprint for the rehabilitation and
recovery of all Yolanda-affected regions of the country. It is called Reconstruction Assistance on
Yolanda (RAY). Region VIII, being the hardest hit in the country, followed suit and came up with
this regional version of the RAY dubbed as sulhog. This is a subset of the national government’s
strategic plan to restore the affected areas to at least their pre-disaster situation and at most
rebuild them better and safer.
What is in this Plan? sulhog presents a comparison of the socio-economic conditions of

Eastern Visayas, before and after Yolanda. It contains a consolidation of proposed interventions
in the different sectors, which are deemed necessary in reconstructing and rehabilitating the
region. Adopting the RAY principles and framework on the path to recovery, it identifies the
expected key results along shelter, infrastructure, livelihood, and even institutional support to the
implementation of the identified rehabilitation and recovery programs and projects.
The specific programs, projects, and activities that will concretize the strategies embodied in this
Plan document are found in its companion document, the Eastern Visayas Yolanda Investment
Program 2014-2016.
Photo Credit: www.chicagotribune.com

Photo Credit: EPA/NOAA/Handout/Landov
Chapter I
Typhoon Yolanda
(Haiyan)
Historical Perspective. The National Climatic Data Center of the United States of America reported
that three supertyphoons had struck the Philippines in the last 117 years. The first, unnamed,
occurred in October 1897 with a death toll of 7,000. After 15 years, in November 1912, another
unnamed supertyphoon occurred, which rendered 15,000 people dead. Then after 101 years, in
the same month of November in the year 2013, the third supertyphoon came — Typhoon Yolanda,
with international name Haiyan. Yolanda is considered the most destructive natural disaster in
Philippine and world history. Figure 1 shows that all three supertyphoons followed a similar track.
General Description. The PAGASA reported that Typhoon Yolanda was both huge and powerful
with well-formed eye typical of a very strong typhoon. It maintained its strength due to warm
water (sea surface temperature: >30° C) as the Typhoon “eye” passed Tacloban City. The point
of landfall, the wind strength as well as the height of the storm surge (“Daluyong ng Bagyo”)
were accurately predicted. Winds of 235 kilometers per hour and gustiness of 275 kph created a
7-meter, equivalent to 21-feet high or 3-storey-high building, surged onshore. It swept the coastal
communities of Samar, Leyte, Cebu, Panay and Coron, Palawan.
Movement. Typhoon Yolanda was the 9th tropical cyclone that made landfall and the 24th TC that
entered or developed inside the Philippine Area of Responsibility in 2013. It entered PAR early
morning of November 7, 2013, 943 kilometers east of Hinatuan, Surigao del Sur (8.2ºN, 134.9ºE).
Yolanda was already a typhoon before it entered PAR and gained more strength as it moved west-
north-westward at an average speed of 35 kph (Figure 2).
Yolanda made its first landfall in Guiuan, Eastern Samar (10.8ºN, 125.8ºE) at 4:40 in the morning
of November 8, 2013. Affected areas are those lying within the 50 to 100-kilometer radius, with
estimated winds of 185-235 kph. These include Leyte provinces, southern portion of Western and
Eastern Samar.
It traversed the Leyte Gulf and made a second landfall in Tolosa, Leyte (11.0ºN, 125.1ºE) at 7:00 in
the morning then crossed Northern Leyte. This second landfall, with estimated winds of 235kph,
again affected Leyte and the southern portion of Western and Eastern Samar, or areas within the
50-kilometer radius, as well as Northern Leyte, rest of Eastern and Western Samar by the estimated
winds of 185-235 kph within the 50 to 100-kilometer radius.
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The third landfall was in Daanbantayan, Northern Cebu (11.2ºN, 124.1ºE) at 9:40 in the
morning. Affected areas within the 50-kilometer radius with estimated winds of 235kph
were the northernmost portion of Cebu and Northern Leyte; within 50 to 100-kilometer
with estimated winds of 185 to 235 kph — Northern Cebu (Bogo, Bantayan Borbon,
Figure 1. Tracks of the Three Typhoons
Source: Mahar Lagmay, DOST-PAGASA

(https://twitter.com/nababaha/status/402377875342376961/photo/1/large)
Figure 2. Path of Supertyphoon Yolanda
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Daanbantayan, Madridejos, Medellin, Pilar, Poro, San Francisco, San Remigio, Santa Fe,
Sogod, Tabogon, Tabuelan,Tuburan and Tudela), Leyte, Biliran, and the northern portion
of Negros Occidental.
The fourth landfall came in Bantayan island, Cebu (11.2ºN, 123.8ºE) at 10:40 in the morning then
moved towards Northern Panay. Affected areas within the 50-kilometer radius with estimated
winds of 235 kph included the northernmost portion of Cebu and Negros Occidental; within the 50
to 100-kilometer radius with estimated winds of 185-235 kph - Northern Cebu, northern portion
of Negros Occidental, and western portion of Capiz and Iloilo.
The fifth landfall was in Concepcion, Iloilo (11.2ºN, 123.2ºE) at 12:00 noon, then it traversed
northern Panay in the next three hours and was over Sulu sea at 3:00 in the afternoon. Affected
areas within the 50-kilometer radius with estimated winds of 215 kph were the western part of
Capiz and Iloilo and the northermost portion of Negros Occidental; within the 50 to 100-kilometers
with estimated winds of 185-215 kph — Northern Cebu, northern portion of Negros Occidental,
western portion of Capiz and Iloilo. It severely damaged Northern Cebu and Panay Island.
The sixth landfall in Busuanga, Northern Palawan (11.8ºN, 120.6ºE) occurred at 8:00 in the
evening. Affected areas within the 50-kilometer radius with estimated winds of 220 kph were
Coron, Palawan; within the 50 to 100-kilometer with estimated winds of 185-230 kph — extreme
Northern Palawan, rest of Northern Palawan (Busuanga, Coron, Cuilion and Linapacan), including
Puerto Princesa.
Storm Surge. The storm surges generated by Yolanda were about 5 to 7 meters high. They
inundated or flooded the coastal areas of the islands in the Visayas, including Northern Cebu and
Palawan. The worst hit are the City of Tacloban and Basey, Samar due to their topographic setting
and the shape and orientation of the coastline (winds blowing perpendicular to the coast) to the
path of the typhoon. The surges swept out the coastal communities of Tacloban and Basey.
General Impact. The impact of strong winds unroofed houses and buildings, toppled power and
telephone lines along its path, uprooted houses and trees, and claimed thousands of lives. The
devastation was within the 600-kilometer diameter of the typhoon.
Photo Credit: www.america.aljazeera.com

Photo Credit: DA VIII
Chapter 2
Eastern Visayas:
Before Yolanda
General Profile
Eastern Visayas or Region VIII is one of the 17 regions of the Philippines. It is located in the mid-
eastern border of the Philippine archipelago. It is one of the three regions comprising Visayas
Island, which is one of the three main islands of the country. The two other big islands are Luzon
and Mindanao. The land area of the region accounts for 7.1% of the country’s total land area.
Region VIII has three islands — the small island of Biliran and two bigger islands, Samar and Leyte,
which are connected by the famous San Juanico Bridge. Samar Island is the country’s 3rd largest
island, after Luzon and Mindanao Islands.
It is composed of six provinces — Northern Samar, Eastern Samar, Samar, Biliran, Leyte, and
Southern Leyte. It has 7 cities, including Tacloban City, the region’s capital, which became a highly
urbanized city on December 18, 2008. Tacloban is located in Leyte.
The total population of the region is around 4.1 million as of the 2010 Census. It has a relatively
young population as shown by the broad-based pyramid in Figure 3.
Figure 3. Eastern Visayas Household Population by Sex and Age: 2010
Source: NSCB
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Unique Characteristics of Eastern Visayas
There are certain traits of the region that set it apart from other regions of the country.
1. Eastern Visayas has a very strategic location. It plays an important role in the country because
it serves as the backbone of the entire Philippine archipelago. Owing to this location, Eastern
Visayas is the principal gateway to northern and southern parts of the country, linking Luzon
and Mindanao through the Philippine Nautical Highway. A major component of the Nautical
Highway are the roll-on roll-off (RORO) ports in Northern Samar and Southern Leyte, the
Maharlika Highway, and the iconic San Juanico Bridge (reputed as the longest bridge in the
country with a length of almost 2 kilometers) linking the two RORO ports.
2. The region is endowed with vast, rich agricultural lands. According to the Bureau of Agricultural
Research (2002), the total agricultural/farm area land is 723,048 hectares. Nearly half of the
lands of Eastern Visayas is devoted to farming.
3. Eastern Visayas has always been a top producer of coconut production nationwide. From 2000
to 2011, it was consistently the second largest producer of coconut. However, in 2012, it slid to
the third rank, next to Northern Mindanao Region as the second and Davao Region as the first.
Estimated coconut production in 2012 was 1,800 metric tons valued at around PhP10.2 billion.
Coconut oil used to be processed locally in the ten coconut oil mills in the region. However,
the biggest oil mill, the New Leyte Edible Oil Manufacturing, Corp. located in Tanauan, Leyte
and partly owned by Japanese investors, was severely damaged.
4. Over the years, Region VIII had also been known as a high ranker in abaca production. It was
consistently the topnotcher in the country from 2000 to 2010. In 2011 and 2012, however, it
fell second only to Bicol Region due to Brontispa disease. The value of abaca production in
2012 was PhP675.10 million.
5. Aside from its 20 major river systems, the region has 9 proclaimed watershed areas with a total
area of 32,450 hectares. All are large potential sources of irrigation.
6. Eastern Visayas has been dubbed as the Geothermal Capital of the Philippines because it is
the largest geothermal energy producer of the country. It currently hosts five power plants
with an aggregate installed capacity of 700 megawatts, including the Malitbog Power Plant in
Kananga, Leyte, the world’s largest geothermal power plant.
7. The region is also a premier tourist destination because of its natural beauty. It is home to
Langun-Gobingob Caves in Calbiga, Samar. Having a length of seven kilometers and a size of
900 square kilometers, it is the largest cave in the Philippines, the second largest in Asia. Its
karst formation is the third largest in the world.
8. Eastern Visayas plays a prominent role in the history of the Philippines. The site of the first
Catholic Mass in the Philippines held on March 31, 1521 was in Limasawa, a small island in the
Province of Southern Leyte.
History pages also reveal that Ferdinand Magellan first set foot in Philippine soils in the Island
of Homonhon, Guiuan, Eastern Samar way back on March 16, 1521.
The region also made a mark in history as it was in Leyte where General Douglas MacArthur
and his troops landed to liberate the Philippines on October 20, 1944. The MacArthur Leyte
Landing Memorial Site is one of the most frequently visited places in the region.
9. What also makes the region unique is that it houses an icon of infrastructure development
in the country. The Agas-agas Bridge, now the country’s tallest bridge and site for the tallest
zipline adventure, stands erect in Sogod, Southern Leyte,
10. Another edge of Eastern Visayas is the existence of 10 state universities. This number is the
third largest in the country. The presence of these government-owned higher education
institutions enables the poor people of Region VIII to afford quality college education.
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Socio-Economic Situation
Poverty. One of the challenging and sad realities confronting the region before Yolanda struck is
extreme poverty. Over the years, its poverty problem has gone from bad to worse.
Just a year before Yolanda hit Eastern Visayas, poverty incidence among population was recorded
at a high 45.2%, making Eastern Visayas the second poorest region in the country. Among the
provinces in the region, Eastern Samar had the highest at 63.7%, followed by Northern Samar and
Samar at 50%, Southern Leyte at 43.3%, Leyte 39.2%, and Biliran 27.5%.
On farther hindsight, looking at the previous records of poverty incidence in the country based
on the Family Income and Expenditures Survey, it can be said that poverty in Eastern Visayas has
become pervasive, an almost perennial problem. In 2006, the proportion of poor population was
placed at 41.5%. In 2009, it went up to 46.6%, and based on the latest count in 2012, it further
escalated to 45.2%. Hence, from being the 7th poorest region in the country in 2006, it became the
5th poorest in 2009, and the second poorest in 2012.
Underlying Causes of Poverty
An analysis of the pre-Yolanda poverty situation points to a host of factors. Proximate to this is
weak or slow economic growth. Other underlying causes of poverty are high underemployment,
low productivity in agriculture, low human capital, insurgency in isolated areas of Samar Island, and
high vulnerability to disasters.
1. Weak and Slow Economic Growth
Our 2012 Gross Regional Domestic Product was placed at PhP228.2 billion, which contributes only
2.3% to the country’s Gross Domestic Product.
Based on the Gross Valued Added of the three major sectors, the top contributor to the regional
economy is services, followed closely by industry. Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishery comes
last, contributing only 22.6%. This is ironical in view of the fact that Eastern Visayas is endowed
with lots of natural resources that can be tapped for farming and fishing.
Looking back to the previous years, the economy of the region grew at a snail’s pace. Figure
4 shows the trend of the GRDP growth rates from 2008 to 2012. In 2008, the GRDP grew at
2.0%; in 2009, it contracted by 1.8%, then bounced back by 2.0% in 2010, and grew by 2.1% in
2011. However, in 2012, the already crawling economy of the region turned for the worse when
it contracted by negative 6.2%. In 2012, it was the only region in the country that encountered a
negative growth.
The economic contraction of the region in 2012 is attributable to several factors.
Figure 4. GRDP Growth Rates, Philippines and Eastern Figure 5. GRDP Growth Rates by Major Sector:
Visayas: 2008-2012 2010-2012
Source: NSCB Source: NSCB
17
Figure 6. Production Growth Rate by Commodity: 2012
Source: BAS
Figure 7. Provincial Shares to Total Agricultural Production: 2012
Source: BAS
First, the GVA for the Industry Sector declined by 18.5% as a result of production slowdown of two
major heavy industries located in the Leyte Industrial Development Estate in Isabel, Leyte. One of
these — the Philippine Associated Smelting and Refining Corporation, a major exporter of copper
cathodes — was hit by an industrial fire in January 2012. This forced PASAR to stop operation for
six months. The other company in the LIDE — the Philippine Phosphate Fertilizer Corporation —
had a decline in the production and export of fertilizer in 2012. With this twin reduction, the GVA
for manufacturing had a whooping decrease of 40%.
As shown in Figure 5, another factor is the 3.0% decline in the AHFF sector, which is attributable
to combined downscale in both production and farmgate prices of some major crops and fishery
products.
Indeed the economy of the region is significantly affected by low agricultural production. Figure 6
reveals that in 2012, major crops produced in the region exhibited meager growths. These include
the region’s primary crops such as coconut, which increased by only 0.1%, and palay by 1.1%.
Worse, five of these commodities have even decreased, including sugarcane and abaca, livestock,
poultry, and fisheries.
Figure 7 shows that geographically, agricultural production is lopsided to only one province —
Leyte. The bulk of agricultural output, particularly for palay, corn, coconut, sugarcane and fishery,
is concentrated in Leyte. Agricultural production in the three Samar provinces clearly have low
production. This exacerbates the poverty situation in these provinces, considering that they have
low production volume and the products are sold at low prices.
Eastern Visayas’ agricultural productivity, compared to that of selected regions that are performing
well in agriculture and that of the Philippines, is relatively low. Based on 2012 GVA figures for
agriculture, the region’s agricultural productivity is valued at only PhP68,798 per hectare. Whereas,
18
that of Davao is nearly double and that of Central Luzon is more or less triple. Compared to the
national, the region’s productivity is just a little more than one-half.
The top five export products of the region in 2011 and 2012 are diammonium phosphate, refined
and crude coconut oil, mineral/chemical fertilizers, and copper cathodes, topping the list. The
value of all products has increased from 2011 to 2012 as shown in Figure 8.
2. High Underemployment Rate
A big part of the labor force in Region VIII is underemployed. Based on the April 2012 Labor Force
Survey, employment rate in the region was 95%. This is actually the 6th highest in the country.
However, out of this 95%, 24% are underemployed, which means that around one-fourth of the
employed are working less than 40 hours a week and are still looking for work in order to earn
enough for their needs. This partly explains why poverty incidence is high. Add to that the fact
that 45.2% of the workers are employed in the agriculture sector, where productivity is very low. But
looking at the GVA of the three major sectors, GVA for AHFF was the lowest at only PhP49.7 billion,
and a far cry from the PhP88 billion of the industry sector, and PhP90.4 billion of the services sector.
This implies that while a big bulk of the workers are in agriculture, the agriculture sector contributes
the least to the GRDP. Thus, labor productivity in the agriculture sector is placed at only PhP110.90
per worker per day. This average agricultural productivity is much lower than the current minimum
wage of around PhP250. This indeed exacerbates poverty in the region.
3. Persistent Insurgency in Samar Island
Peace and security is a necessary condition to attract private investments and to sustain growth.
In Region VIII, positive changes have been achieved along this line. Biliran and Leyte Islands have
already been declared insurgency-free and therefore considered “development-ready.” In Samar
Island, however, insurgency still persists in all of its three provinces, indicated by the incidence of
encounters and ambuscades, accounting for 65% and 6%, respectively, of the total insurgency-
related incidents.
This lingering problem has to be addressed for progress to take off in Samar Islands, especially
because it is in these areas where poverty abounds. Also, Samar island is the third largest island
in the country, hence if developed, will contribute significantly to the development of, not only
Eastern Visayas, but of the whole country.
4. High Vulnerability to Disasters
Disasters are buckling down the region’s progress. Every time a disaster hits, the region backslides
as investments and economic gains are destroyed by typhoons, landslides and floods. Although
Eastern Visayas has a strategic location being in the mid-rib of the Philippines, on account of this
very location and geological makeup, the region is also exposed to natural hazards.
Figure 8. Top Five Exports of Eastern Visayas: 2011-2012 (in million US dollars)
Source: NSCB
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The region is traversed by the Philippine Fault, which cuts across the eastern sections of the Philippine
archipelago. So three of its provinces — Leyte, Southern Leyte, and Biliran– are earthquake-prone.
The coastal section of Abuyog and the upland and mountainous portions of Ormoc City and Isabel
— all in Leyte Province — as well as the hilly areas in Southern Leyte and Catbalogan City in Samar
are most prone to landslides. Coastal and low-lying areas in five out of the six provinces of the
region are tsunami-prone. The whole province of Eastern Samar is high-risk to tsunami because it
faces the Philippine Trench and the Pacific Ocean. Low-lying and plain areas of the region are also
prone to flooding and storm surge.
Some of the country’s worst mishaps happened in our region. These include the Guinsaugon
Landslide that occurred on February 17, 2006 in St. Bernard, Southern Leyte. The landslide covered
the entire village of Guinsaugon. Accounted deaths totaled 112 while 973 persons were never
seen again after the tragedy. Another devastating disaster was the Ormoc City Flashflood on
November 5, 1991, which inundated almost the entire city in just a few seconds, claiming 8,000
human lives and rendering 50,000 homeless.
5. Low Human Capital
Poverty in the region may also be attributed to low human capital as indicated in education and
health outcomes.
The basic education sector has a lackluster performance. Figure 9 reveals that a large portion of
school-age population is not enrolled, especially in high school. Secondary participation rates for
school year 2011-2012 are low. In the elementary level, provinces have more than 90% participation
rates but the figures are still quite far from the ideal mark of 100%. Moreover, based on the cohort
survival figures (Figure 10), a significant number of Grade 1 pupils were not able to reach Grade
6 in SY 2011-2012. Same picture can be seen in the secondary level where many first year high
school students failed to reach fourth year.
Along health, maternal mortality rate in the region has been following a series of ups and downs
over the last decade. Steep spikes and dips have been particularly observed over the period 2000-
2006. From 2007 to 2011, however, the increments and decrements were not as sharp. For 2011,
maternal deaths reduced by 13% from 92 per 100,000 livebirths in 2010 to 79 in 2011. However,
this figure is still far from the MDG target of 56.5%.
As far as access to basic sanitary facilities is concerned, the region is in a sorry state. Access to
toilets is still very low in all provinces, thus at the regional level, it can be seen that only around
65% of households have toilets. A similar picture could be seen for water, wherein only 71% of
households have access to safe sources.
Figure 9. Participation Rate, Eastern Visayas: Figure 10. Cohort Survival Rate, Eastern Visayas:
SY 2011-2012 SY 2011-2012
Source: NSCB Source: NSCB
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State of Infrastructure Development
Transportation. As of 2012, Eastern Visayas’ total road length of 2,444 kilometers of national roads
is already 91.6% (2,239 km.) paved with the remaining 8.4% (205 km.) still unpaved. Major sections
of paved roads are in poor condition, particularly the Buray-Taft-Borongan-Guiuan section in
Eastern Samar. Also, the Oras-San Policarpo-Arteche-Lapinig-Gamay-Mapanas-Palapag-Laoang
Road or the Samar Pacific Coastal Road is the missing road link in the Island of Samar.
The completion of the Eastern Nautical Highway route from Surigao-Leyte-Samar-Masbate linking
the region to the other parts of the country with RORO facilities increased the number of domestic
tourists coming to Eastern Visayas. This nautical highway likewise placed the region in the tourism
map of the country and expanded the country’s nautical highways.
Total cargo volume in the region’s ports reached a total of 5.2 million metric tons. Domestic cargoes
comprise 3.47 million metric tons or 66% while the exported and imported cargoes totaled 1.75
million metric tons or approximately 34%.
In terms of passenger traffic, the number of passengers totaled to 4.81 million. The highest number
of passengers was registered in the port of Allen, Northern Samar, which catered to 1.6 million
people or 34% of the total. This is evident of people coming to and from Manila via Northern
Samar. It is followed by the port of Ormoc, which served 1.05 million passengers going to Cebu
and vice-versa, representing 22%.
The region had ten airports but only eight were operational and only three operate commercial
flights, namely: Tacloban, Calbayog and Catarman Airports. Before Yolanda, the Tacloban Daniel
Z. Romualdez (DZR) Airport was undergoing upgrading and improvement through the Tacloban
Airport Redevelopment Project , with an estimated cost of P2.3 billion to be funded by the national
government. In 2012 at the Tacloban Airport alone, aircraft and passenger movements increased
by 2,415 (30%) and 246,663 (27%), respectively.
Irrigation. As of 2012, only 55.7% of the region’s potential irrigable area is irrigated. The province
of Leyte has the largest irrigable area, owning 45% of the total area. The province of Biliran has the
least irrigable area of only 5%.
Flood Control. Prior to Yolanda, flood control structures in Eastern Visayas, except the one in
Ormoc City, were inadequate in handling the unexpected increase in stormwater discharge, which
resulted in massive flooding in both urban and rural areas such as Tacloban, Palo, Tanauan, Matag-
ob, Catarman, among others. Several critical flood control projects had already been identified but
stymied due to insufficiency of funds. This lack of funds in turn hinders right-of-way acquisition,
flood forecasting, warning and monitoring systems, evacuation plan, hazard mapping, and
watershed management, and operation and maintenance.
Power and Electrification. Eastern Visayas currently hosts five power plants with an aggregate
installed capacity of 699.4 megawatts. The primary source of power supply in the region is the Leyte
Geothermal Production Field in Tongonan. Small islands are powered by individual generating
sets.
Eleven electric cooperatives and one multi-purpose cooperative are distributing electricity
throughout the region. The region has a total of 4,372 barangays, 4,371 of which are already
energized. This shows an energization level of 99% as of end of 2012. All provinces of the region are
already 100% energized, except for Samar with one remaining barangay unenergized. Household
connection level is already 81%. This means that out of 816,000 households, 657,204 households
are with electricity connection. Electrification at the sitio level, on the other hand, was at 71%.
Communication/Telecommunications. Cellsites in Eastern Visayas already numbered 468 in

2012, which increased by 15.8% from 2011’s 404. The major providers in 2012 are Globe with 200
number of cellsites all over the region, followed by Smart with 191 number of cellsites and Digitel
with 77 number of cellsites operating in the region. As of 2012, across provinces, Leyte registered
the highest number of cellsites because most of the industrial services and economic activities of
the region are concentrated in the province.
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Regional Development Framework
In cognizance of these potentials and challenges, a framework for the development of the region
was laid down in the Eastern Visayas Updated Regional Development Plan (RDP) for 2014-2016.
Figure 11. Vision and Development Thrusts of Eastern Visayas
Regional Vision
The RDP embodies the regional vision of becoming a tourism haven, an agri-business and ICT
leader. Thus, the region’s key development thrusts are centered on agri-business, tourism and ICT
(Figure 11).
In support to this vision and thrusts, three regional roadmaps had been prepared, namely the: Agri-
business Development Roadmap, Tourism Development Roadmap, and ICT Roadmap. The Agri-
business Roadmap in particular is put into flesh by the commodity roadmaps each prepared for
the region’s seven priority commodities, namely: palay, coconut, abaca, banana (saba), seaweeds,
mussels, and bangus.
Macroeconomic Targets
The region’s GRDP growth rates are projected to annually increase by the figures shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Projected GRDP Growth Rates: 2013-2016

2013 2014 2015 2016
Sector
Low High Low High Low High Low High
AHFF 4.26 5.26 4.37 5.37 4.52 5.52 4.62 5.62
Industry 4.45 5.45 4.49 5.49 4.52 5.52 4.57 5.57
Services 4.46 5.46 4.53 5.53 4.59 5.59 4.63 5.63
GRDP 4.39 5.39 4.46 5.46 4.54 5.54 4.61 5.61
Poverty incidence among population is also targeted to reduce from 45.2% in 2012 to 21.6% in
2016. Similarly, underemployment rate will decrease from 24% in 2012 to 20% in 2016. Meanwhile,
annual employment of 140,000 will be generated for the period 2014-2016.

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Photo Credit: www.america.aljazeera.com
Chapter 3
Eastern Visayas:
immediately After
Yolanda
Overall Impact to the Region
Affected Area. According to the DILG, a total of three cities and 61 municipalities were affected in
Eastern Visayas (Figure 12).
Population. Based on the results of the Post-Disaster Needs Assessment conducted by the
Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council, led by the Office of Civil Defense, here
in Region VIII, Yolanda resulted in casualties of 5,826 people dead, 29,303 injured, and 983 missing.
The affected population comprises 4,208,000 persons.
Total Value of Damage, Losses, and Needs. The total damage and losses have been valued at
PhP130.41 billion, 75% of which is total damage and 25% total losses. The impact was most heavily
felt by the economic and social sectors, which together sustained nearly 86% of the total damage
and losses. The overall resource needs for recovery and reconstruction has been estimated at
PhP106.11 billion broken down into 31% for Social Sector, 29% for the Economic Sector, 27% for
Infrastructure Sector, and the remaining 13% for cross-sectoral (Table 2).
Table 2. Total Damage and Losses and Total Needs per Major Sector
Damage and Losses Percent to Needs Percent to
Sector
(PhP billion) Total (PhP billion) Total
Infrastructure Sector 7.05 7 16.93 27
Economic Sector 41.82 40 17.72 29
Social Sector 47.92 46 19.17 31
Cross-sectoral 7.29 7 8.10 13
Total 130.41 100 106.11 100
Source: Yolanda PDNA, OCD, May 2014
Note: Subsector values may not add up to the total due to rounding.
23
Figure 12. Affected Areas of Eastern Visayas
Leyte (Tacloban City, Ormoc City, Baybay City, Albuera, Abuyog, Alang-alang, Babatngon, Barugo, Bato, Burauen,
Calubi-an, Capoocan, Carigara, Dagami, Dulag, Hilongos, Hindang, Inopacan, Isabel, Jaro, Javier, Julita, Kananga,
La Paz, Leyte, MacArthur, Mahaplag, Matag-ob, Matalom, Mayorga, Merida, Palo, Palompon, Pastrana, San Isidro,
San Miguel, Sta. Fe, Tabango, Tabontabon, Tanauan, Tolosa, Tunga, and Villaba)
Samar (Basey and Marabut)
Eastern Samar (Balangiga, Balangkayan, Gen MacArthur, Giporlos, Guiuan, Hernani, Lawaan, Llorente, Maydolong,
Mercedes, Quinapondan, and Salcedo)
Biliran (Almeria, Biliran, Cabucgayan, Caibiran, Culaba, Kawayan, and Naval)
24
Infrastructure Sector
The total damage and losses of the infrastructure sector is a little over PhP7 billion and the total
needs amount to roughly PhP17 billion (Table 3).
Table 3. Damage, Losses and Needs for the Infrastructure Sector (in PhP million)
Damage and Losses
Sector Needs
Damage Losses Total
Infrastructure Sector 4,998.70 2,049.25 7,047.97 16,926.90
Roads 492.25 19.34 511.59 1,293.89
Bridges 21.65 15.74 37.39 252.57
Transportation 186.61 28.50 215.11 3,623.94
Flood Control, Sea Wall, Slope Protection 160.07 6.32 166.39 1,162.55
Power 541.73 42.53 584.26 588.38
Water 104.45 142.74 247.19 273.98
Telecommunication Infrastructure 702.63 1,081.85 1,784.48 794.85
Health Infrastructure 259.90 6.21 266.11 1,462.31
Irrigation 96.56 23.63 120.19 114.95
Education Infrastructure 1,543.08 594.41 2,137.49 5,067.12
Mining Infrastructure - - -
Tourism Infrastructure 32.36 2.22 34.58 49.56
Government Infrastructure 857.42 85.77 943.19 2,242.81
Road and Bridges. Results of the technical assessments of the DPWH revealed that damages
includes national, secondary, and local roads. The local road network consists of barangay or
village/farm-to-market roads, provincial roads, city roads, and municipal roads. The total value of
damaged roads and bridges is PhP492.25 million and PhP21.65, respectively.
Transportation. Damage to seaports is estimated at PhP43.18 million. While the PPA ports were
reported to be partially damaged and operational, the lighter structures of the municipal ports
were severely damaged by Typhoon Yolanda, hence not operational. Port loss is estimated at
PhP28.47 million.
Meanwhile, damage to airports is estimated at PhP143.43 million with considerable damage to

Tacloban airport, which was inundated by the storm surge, and the airports in Ormoc and Guiuan.
Total reconstruction needs for affected seaports and airports is pegged at PhP3.62 billion.
Flood Control. In the region, 21 flood control structures were also damaged amounting to
PhP160.07 million.
Government Buildings. Total damage to national government offices, including equipment and
facilities, was estimated to be PhP857.42 million. Most of these structures are found in Tacloban
City and Government Center, Palo, Leyte.
Power. Total damage to the electricity sector reached PhP541.73 million. Supply of electricity to
the residential consumers and public buildings sustained most of the damage. Based on the RAY,
throughout the Yolanda-affected areas of the Philippines, four electric cooperatives located in
Leyte accounted for 52% of the total damage.
The Unified Leyte Geothermal Power Plant Complex, which supplies a third of the electricity demand
in the Visayas, suffered substantial damage. The Energy Development Corporation postulates that
it could take as long as a year before the plants return to full capacity. Moreover, the Unified Leyte
lost PhP1 billion in revenues.
25
Water Supply and Sanitation. According to the Local Water Utilities Administration, as reported
in the RAY, the Leyte Metro Water District has 29,345 service connections in Tacloban and eight
other towns. The rest of the affected area is serviced by small water districts with less than 3,000
connections or by LGUs operating their own water utilities.
In the Yolanda PDNA, total damage is estimated at PhP104.45 million, while total losses accounted
for PhP142.74 million. The overall needs of this sector are estimated at PhP273.98 million.
Economic Sector
Per PDNA figures, the total damage and losses of the economic sector reached around PhP41.82
billion. However, the total needs amounted to only PhP17.72 billion (Table 4).
Agriculture and Fisheries. A total area of about 361,985 hectares of agricultural lands had been
affected and a conservative estimate of 242,258 metric tons of crops had been lost. Principally
damaged crops were: coconut (82% of damaged crop area); rice (8%); banana (5% ); and abaca
(2%). In addition, losses were reported for livestock, agricultural equipment, post-production
facilities and fishing vessels and equipment, as well as damage to irrigation systems and rural
infrastructure.
Total damage to the agriculture sector reached PhP34.71 billion. This includes the PhP18.44 billion
worth of production losses to crops, fisheries and livestock.
Fisheries have been heavily damaged, resulting in lower fish catches due to the impact of the
typhoon on boats, wharves and equipment, and to reefs and coastal mangrove forests. A total
of 19,902 boats were damaged (58 commercial boats; 10,585 motorized bancas; and 9,319 non-
motorized boats). Similarly, in the aquaculture subsector, 2,417 fish cages, 890 seaweed farms, 52
fishpens, 21 hatcheries, and 75 aquasilviculture farms were damaged.
Based on the PDNA, the overall recovery and reconstruction needs for the agriculture sector are
estimated at PhP17.36 billion.
Trade, Industry, and Services. The service and industry subsector in Eastern Visayas is comprised
of retailing, trading, tourism, agriculture processing, manufacturing, banking, and a wide range
of cottage and craft industries. The subsector is key to the region’s productive economic base,
facilitating economic transactions, and forming part of the value and supply chain (including input
supply, production, marketing, and services) and is the major source of employment.
According to the DTI, of the 18,362 firms in the region, 85% are micro and small enterprises while
the medium and large enterprises compose 15%.
Estimates put the value of damaged assets of the sector to be PhP2.24 billion. Meanwhile, total
losses amounted to PhP4.28 billion, wherein the losses.
The total recovery and reconstruction needs of the TIS subsector are at PhP325.50 million.
Table 4. Damage, Losses and Needs for the Economic Sector (in PhP million)
Damage and Losses
Sector Needs
Damage Losses Total
Economic Sector 18,811.94 23.006.04 41,818.34 17,715.05
Agriculture 16,265.12 18,444.08 34,709.20 17,355.48
Mining 80.17 263.43 343.60 -
Tourism and Culture 15.12 21.33 36.45 34.07
Industry, Trade and Services 2,241.52 4,277.20 6,728.73 325.50
26
Social Sector
The total damage and losses of the social sector reached PhP47.82 billion, but the total needs
accounted for only PhP13.27 billion (Table 5).
Table 5. Damage, Losses and Needs for the Social Sector (in PhP million)
Damage and Losses
Sector Needs
Damage Losses Total
Social Sector 41,886.72 6,038.03 47,924.75 19,170.13
Education 2,313.31 2,811.98 5,125.29 5,544.25
Health 302.52 141.11 443.63 354.89
Housing 39,270.89 3,084.94 42,355.83 13,270.99
Education. In terms of damage to educational facilities and other assets among the Yolanda-
affected regions, Eastern Visayas bore the brunt. The total damage in the education sector is
estimated at PhP2.31 billion. The DepEd has reported that 1,579 classrooms were fully damaged
and 6,414 partially damaged in 801 public elementary and 122 public secondary schools in affected
areas. The total losses in this sector amounted to PhP2.81 billion.
Total recovery and reconstruction needs amount to PhP5.54 billion across the three levels.
Health and Nutrition. The damage to health infrastructure and equipment totals to PhP302.52
million while total loss is PhP3.08 billion.
The total needs for reconstruction of the health sector is currently estimated at PhP354.89 million.
Housing and Shelter. A total of 475,678 houses were damaged, of which 234,196 were partially
damaged and 241,482 were totally damaged. The cost for damaged houses is estimated at
PhP39.27 billion. Total losses are estimated at PhP3.08 billion.
The full range of needs for the recovery and reconstruction of the housing sector is estimated to
be PhP13.27 billion.
Cross-Sectoral Impact and Needs

Cross-cutting damage and losses is placed at PhP7.29 billion while total needs is estimated at
PhP8.1 billion (Table 6).
Local Government and Community Infrastructure. The total damage to the local government
sector is estimated as PhP3.20 billion. This includes damaged municipal and barangay halls,
gymnasia and multi-purpose buildings, public markets, transport terminals, and fire stations.
Coastal towns and cities affected by the storm surge experienced massive destruction. Meanwhile,
total losses reached PhP1.34 billion. The LGUs need PhP4.32 billion for their reconstruction and
recovery.
Environment. Typhoon Yolanda left behind massive dumps of debris and rubble. As cited in the
RAY, the estimated cost of solid waste clearing for Tacloban City alone is PhP53 million.
Some of the major fishing zones of the country are found in Eastern Visayas. These include the
Philippine Sea, Leyte Gulf, and the bays of Matarinao, Quinapondan, Oras, and San Policarpo.
These fisheries rely on the integrity of the coral reefs. In the RAY, it is estimated that 1,555 km2
of coral reefs, valued at PhP570 million, were damaged. Tuna-producing municipalities in Eastern
Samar and the seaweed-producing towns of Guiuan and Bato were severely affected. Similarly,
the freshwater fishponds in Leyte, hatcheries in Guiuan, and the mariculture zones of Basey,
Quinapondan, Tacloban, Carigara, Babatngon, Leyte, and Merida were heavily inundated.
Aside from damage to fish habitats, coastal land was modified during the storm surge. River and
creek estuaries have been clogged with debris, mud, and silt.
27
The RAY also mentioned that damage to natural parks and protected areas occurred mostly in the
areas of the Guiuan Protected Seascape and the Manicani Genetic Reserve (both located in Eastern
Samar). Damaged mangroves, which are important nursery and feeding grounds for coastal and
riverine fisheries, are located in many coastal areas. In Eastern Visayas, the DENR plans to restore
mangrove and beach forests in about 380 km of coastline, particularly in Leyte.
Overall, the environment sector suffered PhP426.30 million in damage and it requires PhP3.78
billion for its reconstruction and recovery.
Table 6. Cross-sectoral Damage, Losses and Needs (in PhP million)

Damage and Losses
Sector Needs
Damage Losses Total
Cross-sectoral 2,900.72 4,386.37 7,287.08 8,098.26
Local Government 2,474.41 1,340.82 3,815.23 4,318.35
Environment 426.30 3,045.55 3,471.85 3,779.92
Macroeconomic Impact
The National Economic and Development Authority Regional Office VIII made the following
assessment on the impact of Typhoon Yolanda on the regional economy. The assessment made is
based on best available data and information submitted by Local Government Units, regional line
agencies and state universities and colleges during the PDNA field validation visits. Total damage
and losses incurred were taken into account in computing the impact on the Gross and Regional
Domestic Product.
Impact to the Gross Regional Domestic Product
The massive adverse effect of the disaster particularly in the agriculture, fisheries, industry, trade
and services sectors would again result to another contraction in the regional economy in 2013.
Based on the PDNA estimates, total regional damage and losses is placed at PhP130.41 billion.
With this disaster losses sustained by the region, the 2013 GRDP at current prices is estimated to
decline by 9.8% from its 2012 actual GRDP and lower by 14.9% compared to its target level for
2013.
Table 7. Impact on 2013 GRDP

2013 Value in Current Prices
Indicator 2013 Pre-disaster Total Disaster Revised Post-Disaster GRDP Projection
GRDP Target Losses Current Prices Constant Prices
GRDP 239,850,541,893 33,899,896,467.93 205,950,645,425.07 116,937,681,935.65
Source: 2013-2016 EV Regional Development Plan and EV PDNA Team
The growth in the AHFF sector is expected to decline in 2013 considering the decrease in production
of major crops such as palay, coconut, corn and banana. In addition, earnings of families will
decrease since a large portion of the population depends on this sector as their primary source of
income. The damage and losses in the AHFF sector amounting to approximately PhP32.24 billion
created a big dent on the regional economy given that this sector remains a major contributor.
Trade and industry sector have been greatly affected by the disaster. Most of the businesses (small,
medium and large enterprises including processing and manufacturing plants) temporarily shut
their operations because of damaged inventories and facilities exacerbated by looting. In effect,
supply of goods was very limited thus high prices of basic commodities and construction materials
were recorded.
Major manufacturing industries also suffered from the wrath of the typhoon. PASAR and PHILPHOS,
two major processing and exporting establishments in the Leyte Industrial Development Estate
and the biggest contributors of the Manufacturing sub-sector in terms of GVA, have sustained
extensive damage and losses. As a result, production and exports of copper/ cathodes and
fertilizers will again decline.
Moreover, the New Leyte Edible Oil Manufacturing Corporation, a coconut oil export manufacturing
company in the region, sustained heavy damage causing its permanent closure. Aside from its
negative impact on the Manufacturing sub-sector, all of its employees lost their jobs. This implies
an increase in the unemployment level of the region.
Downstream economic effect on tourism is also expected. Tourism is one of the thriving industries
and one of the major thrusts of the region’s economic development. However, several hotels and
resort amenities have experienced massive physical destruction like The Oriental Hotel in Palo,
Leyte, Caluwayan Beach Resort in Marabut, Samar, and Surf Camp in Guiuan, Eastern Samar. Some
of the hotel and lodging houses though that were not adversely affected experienced higher
occupancy rates because of the influx of foreign and local volunteers.
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply sub-sector is expected to have a negative growth due to the
damage wrought by the strong winds on the geothermal power generation facilities, and power
transmission and distribution networks, as well as water production and distribution facilities. The
income losses arising from the power and water supply disruption will certainly be substantial.
Air, land and water transport systems were likewise disrupted. Passengers were stranded and
cargoes were stalled due to congestion at key ports (Tacloban, Ormoc, Maasin, Sogod, San Ricardo,
Liloan, Allen). This further aggravated the high and volatile prices of commodities.
The Business Process Management (BPM) companies in the region, which posted the third highest
growth among the sub-sectors in GVA on Services from 2011-2012 and the highest drawer of
employment, were also significantly affected. Accudata and Expert Global Solutions (EGS) closed
due to damaged infrastructure and power loss. While Accudata started to resume its operations,
EGS will take some time to reopen due to severely damaged facilities. These two BPMs supported
a total of 1,900 jobs in 2012.1 Aside from its negative impact on employment, a decline in GVA
on Real Estate, Renting, and Other Business Activities (RERBA), which includes the ICT sector, is
expected in 2013.
Different financial institutions (banks) as well as money changers and money transfer facilities
closed for sometime after the typhoon. The peace and security threat and the absence of electricity
were the major concerns in banking and financial operations. The temporary closure caused a
decline of cash flow in the region, especially in the severely affected areas. The major impact on
banks was the foregone income derived from interest from deposits and loans.
Conversely, Financial Intermediation sub-sector will grow due to the expected increase in the
remittances from abroad for relief and recovery of relatives affected by the typhoon. The insurance
industry will also pick up with the increasing awareness of the benefits of insurance against
calamities.
The Construction sub-sector, both private and public constructions, is expected to rise because of
the reconstruction of damaged roads, bridges, buildings and houses. The demand of construction
materials and food supply for relief and recovery will likewise grow.
An increase in public expenditure is expected because of the reconstruction and rehabilitation

efforts to address the needs of the affected communities. Implementation of major infrastructure
programs and projects will also contribute to the growth in government expenditure.
While the negative impact of the disaster in the region’s economic performance can be huge, its
impact on the overall GDP could be rather moderate considering the region’s minimal share at the
national level. Moreover, the disaster effect on the regional economy could add to the economic
expansion in the long-term. Timely implementation of the country’s recovery and reconstruction
program will reduce the economic and social impact of ST Yolanda. Humanitarian assistance and
disaster relief aid from international and local organizations has also been pouring to assist the
disaster-stricken areas.
Poverty Incidence
The latest poverty statistics revealed that poverty incidence among population in Eastern Visayas
remains high at 45.2% in 2012 (Table 8). Next to ARMM, Region VIII ranked second poorest among
regions. All the three provinces of Samar Island have poverty incidence higher than the regional
1 2012 Eastern Visayas Regional Development Report
29
average and twice than that of the national figure. Eastern Samar and Northern Samar belong to
Cluster 1 or the poorest cluster of provinces in the country.
The poor are the most vulnerable to natural disasters. The post-Yolanda poverty situation of
the region is anticipated to worsen at least in the short term given the loss of livelihoods and
employment in the affected areas. More families are also expected to be unable to provide for their
basic needs such as food, shelter, and clothing. Prices of basic commodities and poverty thresholds
may also rise due to the disruption in the supply chain.
Based on initial estimates at the national level, there is strong likelihood that regional poverty
incidence may surge in the immediate and short term to as much as 10.5 percentage points, with
more than half of the population living in poverty.
The quantitative impact to the provincial poverty situation will be determined in the respective
province’s post-disaster needs assessment. However, qualitatively, the magnitude and proportion
of poor population and families can be expected to swell in Eastern Samar, Samar and Leyte as well
as Tacloban City, which are the hardest hit areas.
Table 8. Impact of Yolanda on Poverty Incidence Among Population2

Increase in Projected
2012
2012 Poverty Number of Poverty Due Poverty
Region/ Magnitude
Incidence Municipalities to Yolanda Incidence
Province of Poor
(in %) Affected (in %age after Yolanda
Population
points) (in %)
Eastern Visayas 45.2 1,882,934 63 10.54 55.74
Leyte 39.2 713,063 38
Southern Leyte 43.3 174,368 1
Biliran 27.5 45,762 6
Samar 50.0 361,045 6
Eastern Samar 63.7 279,607 12
Northern Samar 50.2 309,089
Source: PSA-NSO VIII
Labor and Employment
Pre-disaster Situation
The July 2013 Labor Force Survey (LFS) showed that Eastern Visayas had a labor force of around
1.914 million with a participation rate of 63.5% (Table 9). Employment rate is recorded at 95.0% or
around 1.818 million employed individuals. Underemployment, however, continues to be relatively
high at 29% affecting some 527 thousand individuals.
Table 9. Eastern Visayas Labor and Employment: July 2013

Number
Percent
(in thousands)
Household Population 15 Years Old and Over 3,010
Labor Force Participation Rate 63.6 1,914
Employment Rate 95.0 1,818
Unemployment Rate 5.0 95
Underemployment Rate 29.0 527
Source: PSA-NSO VIII, July 2013 LFS
A detailed picture of the total employed persons in the region reveals that 48.1% are wage and
salary workers, while an estimated 51.1% are either self-employed, employers or unpaid family
workers.
2 Adopted from the ADB estimates used in RAY. Impact on provincial poverty incidence will be
estimated in the provincial PDNA.
30
Among the three major groups, the AHFF sector absorbed the bulk of employed persons in the
region at 44%, while the industry sector accounted for 28.5%, and services sector for 27.5%.
Post-Disaster Assessment
Based on the rapid assessment of the Department of Labor and Employment Regional Office
VIII, there were around 3,210 registered workers who were affected by the disaster involving 546
establishments belonging in the industry and services sectors (Table 10). The bulk of affected
workers in the region is found in Leyte comprising 60.5% (1,943 workers) and employed in
distributorship and manufacturing businesses.
Termination of employees due to shutdown of business establishments and/or retrenchment is one

of the bases for reporting the number of affected workers. The displacement and loss of income
among the affected workers may lead to some emotional depression and low self-esteem. This, in
turn, also affected the other family members, particularly the children who are largely dependent
on their parents/adult family members for survival.
Table 10. Number of Affected Workers in Industry and Services by City/Province

Province/City No. of Affected Workers
Leyte 1,943
Tacloban City 1,267
Eastern Samar 0
Biliran 0
Samar 0
Total 3,210
Source: DOLE VIII PDNA Report
On the other hand, the Department of Agriculture VIII’s assessment recorded 1.28 million affected
farmers and fisherfolks in the region. Leyte comprised the largest number of affected workers in
the AHFF at 712,621 individuals (Table 11).
Table 11. Number of Affected Workers in AHFF by Province

Province/City No. of Affected Workers
Leyte 712,621
Eastern Samar 304,303
Samar 162,592
Biliran 78,677
Southern Leyte 27,893
Northern Samar 1,390
Total 1,287,479
Source: DA VIII PDNA Report
Overall, almost 99% of the affected workers in the region are found in the AHFF sector whose
main sources of income are agricultural products such as farm crops, high value crops, annimal
production, and fish production. ST Yolanda devastated more than 1.01 million hectares of
agricultural lands planted with major crops such as rice, corn, coconut, vegetables, fruit crops,
banana, and abaca, as well as livestock and fish stocks.
Workers and businesses in the informal sector were also badly affected, particularly those who
were employed and engaged in small sari-sari stores, home-based or small scale food processing
and handicrafts, backyard farming, and livestock raising.
However, workers in the public sector (government employees) are not much affected as since
their employment continued after the disaster.
Government Revenues
The region’s total revenue collections in the fourth quarter of 2013 were adversely affected by the
calamity. Collection of business, income and other taxes dropped in the aftermath of the typhoon.
31
Based on the report of the Bureau of Internal Revenue, the actual revenue collections decreased
from PhP1.35 billion in the third quarter of 2013 to PhP881 million in the fourth quarter of the
same year (Table 12). This is lower by 34.8% from the previous quarter and a reduction of 41.7%
from the 2013 fourth quarter’s goal collection of PhP1.51 billion.
Table 12. Region VIII 2013 3rd and 4th Quarter Revenue Collection (in PhP)
Actual Collection
Region VIII
Q3 2013 Q4 2013 % Decrease
Business Tax 394,627,529.35 230,662,158.66 -41.5
Income Tax 871,682,094.75 613,630,020.92 -29.6
Other Taxes 84,743,598.19 36,585,556.44 -56.8
Total 1,351,053,222.29 880,887,736.02 -34.8
Source: BIR – RR14
Across provinces in the region, revenue collection also dropped, except for Leyte, which recorded
a 20% increase from the third to the fourth quarter of 2013.3 In Tacloban City, the region’s largest
urban center and one of the hardest hit areas, revenue collection significantly decreased from
PhP245 million in the third quarter to just PhP36 million in the fourth quarter of 2013.4
The reduction in tax revenues can be attributed to production and income losses of the productive
sectors. In addition, the services, trade and industry sectors have incurred foregone income as an
immediate result from the disaster and the looting incidents. Business establishments in the region
were damaged causing temporary closure and unemployment of its workers. Though a few business
establishments were able to re-open a month after the typhoon, the same was done on shorter
operating hours due to imposition of curfew and absence of power supply. Likewise, government
operations were also disrupted causing the delay in payment of government employees’ income
taxes. But this can be counterbalanced in the succeeding months after the typhoon.
However, on a year-on-year basis, the region’s total revenue collections for 2013 managed to
achieve a positive growth of 5.72% from 2012 (Table 13). The intensified tax collection efforts
undertaken during the early part of 2013 have abated the reduced tax collections for the last
quarter of the year. While the disaster effect on the overall 2013 revenue collection was surmounted,
tax collections in the succeeding months and years may be adversely affected as the resumption
of operations by business establishments might be delayed and business losses and tax relief
and holidays are sought. Public and private spending for reconstruction and rehabilitation may
somehow offset the revenue losses.
Table 13. Region VIII Annual Revenue Collections: 2011-2013 (in PhP)
Actual Collection (in Million Pesos)
Region
2011 2012 2013
Region VIII 3,791.88 4,747.74 5,019.27*
Source: www.bir.gov.ph
*Sum of Region VIII 2013 First Semester, 3rd and 4th Quarter Actual Revenue Collections
Note: Details may not add up to their respective totals due to rounding.
In the aforecited tax collection analysis, the following should be noted though: (a) only income
tax collections before and after the typhoon are included; and (b) most of the severely affected
families are from the lowest income deciles whose sources of livelihood belonged to the informal
sector with very minimal tax compliance.
Prices
The region’s average inflation rose from 3.0% in 2012 to 4.3% in 2013 (Table 14). This rate is still
within the government’s 3.0-5.0% inflation target for 2013. The increase is due to the observed
higher prices of basic commodities such as oils and fats and sugar, jam, honey, chocolate and
confectionery as well as increase in prices of transport services.
3 PSA-NSCB 2013 3rd and 4th Quarter Statwatch

4 PSA-NSCB 2013 3rd and 4th Quarter Statwatch
32
Eastern Visayas recorded the highest year-on-year regional inflation for 2013, at 4.3% in December
in the aftermath of Supertyphoon Yolanda (Table 14). The purchasing power of peso
During that period, prices of commodities increased in all provinces. Highest inflation rate among
the provinces in December 2013 was recorded in Samar at 14.0%, followed by Eastern Samar and
Biliran at 9.2% and 8.5%, respectively. Price increase in these areas is attributed to the limited
supply of goods and services in the devastated areas, thus forcing the people to move into the
proximate capital towns and cities (e.g. Catbalogan and Maasin) to purchase basic goods and
services. The rest of the provinces had less than 6.1% price increase.
Table 14. Consumer Price Index, Inflation Rate, and Purchasing Power of Peso in Region VIII:
2012-2013
Purchasing Power of
Year CPI Inflation Rate
Peso
2011 129.8 4.5 0.77
2012 133.7 3.0 0.75
2013 139.5 4.3 0.72
Supply further became scarcer due to the congestion in the major ports such as Matnog and Lipata,
which accommodated and prioritized the transport of relief goods for the victims of the typhoon.
The congestion also contributed to the delayed delivery of consumer goods to non-affected areas.
From October 2013 to November 2013, a month after Supertyphoon Yolanda hit the region,
alcoholic beverages and tobacco, clothing and footwear, housing, water, electricity, gas and other
fuels, furnishing, household equipment, recreation and culture and restaurant, and miscellaneous
goods and services recorded a reduction in their month-on-month inflation rates due to the
low demand for basic commodities (Table 15). The low demand is explained by the continued
distribution of relief goods in the disaster-inflicted areas.
However, starting from November 2013 to December 2013, based on the month-on-month
inflation rate, all commodities recorded an abrupt increase in prices with the high demand and low
supply of said basic commodities (such as food, construction materials and gas).
Continued increase in prices of construction materials as well as household and office furniture
and fixtures are expected in the ensuing months with the ongoing reconstruction of damaged
structures in the affected areas.
Table 15. Month-on-Month Regional Inflation by Commodity Group in Eastern Visayas: October,
November and December 2013, (2006=100)
2013
Commodity Group
October November December
All Items 0.4 0.4 1.8
Food and Non-Alcoholic Beverages 0.5 0.5 2.6
Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco 0.3 -0.3 2.9
Clothing and Footwear 0.6 0.3 0.8
Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and 1.0 0.2 1.3
Other Fuels
Furnishing, Household Equipment, 0.7 0.6 0.5
and Routine House Maintenance
Health 0.3 0.3 0.6
Transport 0.0 0.0 0.5
Communication 0.0 0.0 0.0
Recreation and Culture 0.2 0.0 0.2
Education 0.0 0.0 0.0
Restaurant and Miscellaneous 0.1 0.0 0.7
Goods and Services
33
Photo Credit: Edwin Malasig/Rappler
Looting:
side-effect of yolanda
After Tacloban City was heavily devastated by Typhoon Yolanda, the city became a vast
wasteland where thousands were left homeless and without food, water, clothes, and
other basic neccessities. National highways and roads were not passable for several
days, delaying the arrival and distribution of relief goods.
Such a situation led to multitudes of people suffering from starvation and thirst. As a
consequence, the whole city and certain parts of adjoining towns of Palo and Tanauan
were found in extremely dire circumstances where there was chaos and law and order
became totally absent. This erupted when people panicked to secure food, water,
clothes, and temporary shelter. The so-called survival instint was made manifest by
herds of people ransacking and looting almost all stores and warehouses in the city.
Based on records, looting incidents occurred right after the onslaught of Yolanda
up to several days after. Observations have it that not all the looters were survivors
from Tacloban. Some of them came from less affected areas as far as Samar, who took
advantage of the situation in order to gain. Trucks and vans were reported to have
been loaded with loots from commercial establishments including appliances and
motorcycles. This massive looting incident exacerbated the already pathetic condition
after the onslaught of Yolanda. As business owners suffered from the destruction of
their stores and shops and facilities, and lost all their stocks, they became hard-put in
reopening their respective businesses. It compromised nearly the entire business sector
of Tacloban City. As a consequence, trading and service delivery had been jeopardized.
Photo Credit: www.thetimes.com
Photo Credit: DA VIII

Chapter 4
Bouncing Back
from Yolanda
This chapter presents the rehabilitation and recovery framework for the region after the devastation
wrought by Yolanda. It captures the entire gamut of interventions necessary to initially help the
region get back to its feet, and eventually to rebuild itself better and safer.
In here are the proposed rehabilitation and recovery programs, projects and activities (PPAs) for
each of the major sectors and sub-sectors of the region. Most of these are committed to be
undertaken mainly by the government, both national and local, while some need private sector
support.
The interventions come in two sets. The first one is a list of priority PPAs that should be given
utmost attention and corresponding resources in terms of time, manpower and budget. These are
deemed priority on the basis of their impact to regional recovery and development and geographic
scope (i.e., regional or interprovincial). These include restoration of basic infrastructure facilities
and utilities, governance, and the recovery of priority industries along agri-business, tourism and
ICT – the three key thrusts embodied in the Updated Regional Development Plan 2014-2016.
Despite Yolanda, it is believed that the region’s potentials are still within these three sectors. The
second set is a list of all PPAs. However, for the sake of conciseness of the main Plan document,
the lists provided here are just generic. Detailed information on location, target beneficiaries, lead
implementing agency, budget for specific PPAs, and fund sources can be found in the companion
document, Eastern Visayas Yolanda Investment Program.
Also, included in this document is a list of policy recommendations that are intended to manage
risks and remove bottlenecks in implementation. These policy recommendations include those
that seek to amend existing policies that are no longer relevant, especially in disaster and post-
disaster times, as well as those that seek to formulate new policies needed for more efficient
development processes.
As a guide to all actions, the principles of rehabilitation and recovery efforts are also given in the
beginning of this chapter.
35
Principles
Consistent with the RAY, the principles to be followed in SULHOG are based on lessons learned
from experiences on previous disasters, both in and out of the country.
Basic Guiding Principle: Triple B – Build Back Better
Core Principles:
1. Strong multi-level and multi-sectoral coordination between and among national government
line agencies, local government units, international and local donors, civil society organizations,
and the private sector. Such coordination will be based on common rehabilitation and recovery
(R&R) goals with standards set by the government, which will also be responsible for managing
risks and addressing bottlenecks in implementation.
2. Partnering with the private sector in opening up supply chains, committing production, and
providing assistance in terms of logistics
3. Implementation shall be the primary responsibility of the government, both by the local
government and the national government agencies. Coordination between the two should
also be ascertained in all R&R efforts.
4. LGU implementation of R&R interventions shall be supported with capacity development to

ensure that these are tailor-fit to local conditions and promotes community participation,
ownership and sustainability.
5. R&R should pursue inclusiveness and sustainable livelihood so as to address poverty.
6. Implementation at both levels should be adapted to government systems, wherein ways to

fast-track operations while managing risks and ensuring transparency and accountability shall
be devised.
7. A robust monitoring and evaluation system will be established to track and assess gains and
headways as well as failures and the underlying factors for the purpose of introducing remedial
solutions.
8. Accountability shall be ascertained by using enhanced audit and establishing a grievance and
redress system.
9. Outsourcing and use of channels with the strongest incentives for funds utilization shall be
explored to speed-up R&R.
10. Gender rights shall be protected and gender equality promoted in all R&R efforts.
36
Pathway to Recovery
Disaster Impact Critical Immediate Actions Short-/Medium-term Actions
Houses partially or totally Housing kits, temporary Construct permanent housing
damaged housing for targeted groups
Public infrastructure damaged Rebuild/repair damaged Complete rebuilding
roads, bridges, airports,
ports, utilities with affordable
disaster resilient standards
Education and health services Rebuild/repair and re-equip Restore services to pre-
suspended schools, clinic, health station; disaster level with affordable
deploy incremental staff disaster resilient standards
Rural production systems and Provision of inputs, assets; Rehabilitate irrigation; replant
value chains interrupted cash grants for clearing coconuts; rebuild public
storage facilities; re-establish
fisheries
Loss of income-earning Short-term cash-for-work Transition to labor market
opportunities programs; livelihood/training programs, skills development
programs Social protection programs
Destruction of private assets Increase financial sector Transition back to market-
liquidity (e.g., repayment based solutions
“holidays”; incentives to
microfinance institutions)
Source: Reconstruction Assistance to Yolanda (RAY)
Priority Interventions
Permanent housing for those living in the hazard areas. These should be accompanied with
livelihood options and social services. Urgent actions needed here would include identification of
communities to be relocated, relocation sites, land acquisition and development.
Relocation of establishments in danger zones to include offices, stores/shops and other business
establishments, schools, hospitals/health centers, among other public structures to safe grounds.
Employment and livelihood. Jobs and alternative means of livelihood should be generated to
provide source of income to the many displaced individuals. These should be made available to
catch up with the eventual termination of the relief phase and the cash-for-work and emergency
employment schemes. Priority attention should be given to the farmers and fisherfolks as they
are the most affected sectors. Coconut-dependent farmers must be given opportunities to shift
from coconut to other crops and commodities. Crop diversification or multi-cropping should be
strongly promoted.
Rehabilitation of priority crops and commodities in agriculture and fisheries to include palay,
coconut, abaca, banana, bangus, seaweeds, and mussels as identified in the Regional Agri-business
Development Roadmap. However, other potential crops and commodities should also be identified
and explored for development.
Support to MSMEs. The contribution of micro, small and medium enterprises should be scaled up
to allow the region’s economy to veer from too much dependence on the heavy industries located
in the LIDE. The revival/enhancement of these MSMEs is expected to prop up the manufacturing
sub-sector and its contribution to the GRDP, and generate jobs as well.
Support to tourism. Eastern Visayas as a worthwhile tourism destination by virtue of its historical
and natural assets should be worked upon immediately. This requires restoration of damaged
tourism sites and the tourism value chain. The large visitors’ influx to the region after Yolanda
could be taken as an opportunity to promote tourism for the region.
Support to ICT. Aside from the basic necessity of providing communication lines, the ICT sector
should be revived since it hosts the BPMO as potential employment generator. This would entail
restoration/improvement of digital infrastructure, human resource development, and investment
37
promotion to entice the pre-Yolanda locators to come back and the prospective investors to locate
in the already existing 6.8-hectare Leyte ICT Park and the 22-hectare Leyte Mikyu Economic Zone
in Pawing, Palo, Leyte.
Reconstruction of damaged infrastructure. All of the aforementioned priority interventions

will encounter implementation difficulties if the infrastructure sector will not be given primary
attention. Actions should encompass repair/rehabilitation of damaged infrastructure facilities/
utilities and construction of new ones. These include roads and bridges, airports and seaports, fish
ports, warehouses, public markets, schools and hospitals/health centers, and the like.
Restoration of governance. The national and local government are the prime movers of all
rehabilitation and recovery efforts. If immobilized due to the devastating effects of Yolanda on
their office buildings, equipment and facilities, they cannot function effectively and efficiently.
Thus, priority should also be given to the repair/rehabilitation of destroyed government offices,
procurement of vehicles, computers and other equipment and facilities, and beefing up of
manpower.
Complete List of All Interventions

Infrastructure Sector
Strategies
1. Strict implementation of policy standards on transport infrastructure projects

2. Strict monitoring/supervision during construction period to ensure that the project design
standard shall be followed
3. Roads, bridges, flood control and other transport infrastructure must undergo regular
maintenance
4. Disaster-resilient design options for roads, bridges and flood control structures that can
withstand super typhoons as well as resist high-magnitude earthquakes and severe flooding
5. Increasing Equivalent Maintenance per Kilometer (EMK)
6. Procurement of additional equipment in each engineering district such as backhoe, loader,
dump trucks and other service vehicles
7. Capability building on disaster risk reduction of control group in regional/district offices
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities by Sub-sector
Transportation
1. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of damaged roads and bridges

2. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of airports and seaports
Flood Control
Repair/rehabilitation of flood control structures including drainage systems, seawalls
Lifeline Facilities/Utilities
Power
1. Deployment of line crews by the National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) to
expedite restoration efforts in the hardest hit areas
2. Conduct training of (local) linemen
3. Total reconstruction of substations, sub-transmission lines and distribution lines
4. Grant of PhP3.929 billion subsidy of the National Electrification Administration (NEA) to
Yolanda-affected electric cooperatives
• The bulk of the subsidy will go to Leyte V Electric Cooperative, Inc. (Leyeco V); Don Orestes
Romualdez Electric Cooperative, Inc. (DORELCO/LEYECO I); Leyte II Electric Cooperative,
Inc. (LEYECO II); Leyte III Electric Cooperative, Inc. (LEYECO III); and Eastern Samar Electric
Cooperative, Inc. (ESAMELCO) which are in need of totally reconstructing their distribution
lines.
38
Water
1. Improvement of open drainage system

2. Development of filtration plant
3. Development of alternate power system (Hydro-Electric/Solar Power)
4. Reforestation (Restoration of Watershed Area)
5. Reconstruction of warehouse/storage building
6. Construction of laboratory house and facilities
7. Repair/rehabilitation of damaged pipeline
8. Construction of pipeline bridge for transmission lines
9. Improvement of retaining walls
10. Reconstruction of settling basin perimeter
11. Installation of two-way radio
Communication/Telecommunications
1. Priority importation of equipment for the reconstruction of the temporary set-up of the
CMTS network, broadcast network, CATV system, and outside plant facilities of BTS
2. Restoration of cellular mobile telephone and internet/data services in all affected areas
3. Formulation of a policy on mandatory insurance coverage of all telecommunications and
broadcast facilities (violation thereof is will result to revocation of issued franchises and
authorizations)
4. Subsidy for the importation of equipment and accessories needed in the TELCOs and
broadcast industry
5. Tax breaks (customs duties and other levies)
6. Recapitalization of operating expenses
7. Making supplies available supplies in the local market
8. Extension of financial aid to telecom and broadcast sector with long term payment and low
interest rate
9. Passage of House Bill 353 compelling telecommunication companies to send free mobile
alert warnings of impending natural and manmade disasters (alerts to consist of updated
information from concerned agencies to be sent directly to mobile phone subscribers
located near and within the affected areas).
10. Issuance by the National Telecommunications Commission for a one-year suspension of the
imposition of surcharge in filing of renewal of stakeholders’ permits. Also, an MC for the
registration of illegally own two way radio units.
11. LGU should pass an ordinance in relation to the dismantling of destroyed cables and
damaged post of telecommunication companies and CATV providers in their respective area
of jurisdiction.
Irrigation
1. Repair/rehabilitation of damaged national and communal irrigation systems

• Including dams, canals and canal structures, and building
2. Repair/rehabilitation of the Hibulangan Small Reservoir Irrigation Project (SRIP)
• Including dams, canals and canal structures, and building
3. Canal clearing operations (Cash-for-work)
Social Infrastructure
1. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of damaged school buildings

2. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of damaged hospital, rural health units and barangay
health stations
39
Economic Sector
Agriculture
Strategies
1. Restoration of farming communities

2. Improvements in agriculture and fisheries productivity
3. Creation of enabling policies/environment
4. Improvements in social/institutional competence
5. Encouraging and supporting diversified agriculture and fisheries production systems to
increase resilience, enhance food security and nutrition at the household level while also
generating a higher household income
The following is the complete set of proposed programs, projects and activities that will build
back better the agricultural landscape of Eastern Visayas:
General Interventions
1. Establishment of the Sustainable Livelihood Enterprise Development in cluster areas

• Coconut & Coco-based Products Enterprises
• Banana (Musa balbisiana) Production Enterprise
• Abaca Production Enterprise
• Hybrid Rice Production Enterprise
• Organic Vegetable Production Enterprise
• Green Corn & Feed Grain Enterprise
• Jackfruit Production & Processing Enterprise
• Native Chicken/Duck-Balut/Carabao/Cattle/Goat/Sheep Production Enterprises
• Native Chicken/Dairy Goat Production Enterprises
• Aquaculture/Bangus/Seaweeds Livelihood Enterprises
• Bio-organic Fertilizer Production Enterprise
• Mushroom Production Enterprise
2. Rootcrops Production Enterprises Clearing operations
3. Intercropping/diversification of crops
4. Cash cropping
5. Provision of tractors, farm tools, boats, etc.
6. Fuel subsidy for tractors and other farm machineries
7. Provision of farm implements, e.g., seeds, fingerlings, seedlings, fertilizers, among others
8. Restocking of livestock
9. Conduct of technical trainings and establishment of techno-demos
10. Rehabilitation of infrastructure and post-harvest facilities
11. Housing relocation for marginal fisherfolks affected by the 40-meter no-build zone
• Relocation site to be accompanied with alternative/supplemental livelihood and social
services
• Construction of fisherfolks’ huts but not as housing units for fishing families
12. Insurance premiums for emergency employment
13. Conduct capacity development activities for farmers and fisherfolk associations/cooperatives
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities by Crop/Commodity
Palay
Component A: Strategic Production Zone

1. Fuel subsidy for land preparation
2. Cash-for-work for irrigation canal clearing
3. Farm tools distribution
4. Seeds/fertlizer subsidy (Provision of hybrid seeds, CS, or urea)
5. Farm machineries servicing (Provision of subsidy for farm machinery rental for land
preparation)
6. Resiliency projects/initiatives (Provision of Grain Super Rice)
40
7. Provision of full premium crop insurance subsidy
8. Repair of government facilities
Component B: Strategic Production Zone
1. Rehabilitation of warehouses and milling facilities
2. Provision of 5-MT capacity hermetic cocoons to seed growers
Corn
Component A: Strategic Production Zone

1. Fuel subsidy for land preparation
2. Cash-for-work for land preparation and planting
Seeds/fertlizer subsidy (Provision of seeds, corn and cassava planting materials and/or
fertilizer)
3. Technical training on corn and cassava production
4. Provision of 90HP farm tractor
Component B: Strategic Production Zone
1. Rehab of village-type dryers
2. Distribution of post-harvest facilities e.g. mobile corn mill, cassava granulator cum shredder,
cassava grater
Abaca
1. Cash-for-work (Clearing of fallen shades trees and Re-planting of abaca farms)

2. Provision of tissue cultured abaca planting materials
3. Provision of farm tools
4. Establishment of open-type high-density nursery
5. Expansion of the Diagnostic and Abaca Tissue Culture Lab
6. Fabrication and installation of collapsible abaca nursery
7. Repair of damaged transformer at the Abaca Tissue Culture Lab
8. Roof repair of the Abaca Protected Nursery
9. Riprap construction of the eroded portion of the Abaca Tissue Culture Lab
Coconut
1. Coconut Shelter Assistance Project (Deployment of chain saws and Provision of fuel and
wages for the chain operators and assistants)
2. Immediate release of Participatory Coconut Planting Program (PCPP) Phase II checks
3. Proper disposal of coconut debris using charcoal kiln and briquetting machine
4. Cash cropping (Cash-for-work and Provision of seeds and planting materials for short
gestation crops e.g. corn, vegetables, rootcrops, etc.)
5. Incentive-based coconut crown sanitation
6. Recommend to Pres. Aquino the issuance of an EO mandating the Coconut Industry
Investment Fund (CIIF) Foundation to grant free tertiary education to children of Yolanda-
affected coconut farmers
7. Replanting of totally damaged trees
Sugarcane1
1. Income/food for sugar farm workers

• Cash-for-work program
• Government and other institutions continue relief operations until milling operation
starts.
• Government should impose price control on rice and other basic food commodities. NFA
should sell sufficient quantity of rice at pre-Yolanda prices.
• For any government related projects, contractor should hire local unskilled labor.
2. Repair of Farm Workers’ Houses
• Allocate government/private funds to help farmers rebuild their houses. Funding may
be sourced from calamity rehabilitation fund or any grant from other private or foreign
organizations.
• Impose price freeze on all construction materials and other related hardware
1 Adapted from the Ormoc-Kananga Mill District Development Foundation (MDCCI), Inc. Proposal
41
3. Financial Help for Farmers
• Outright financial assistance or grant to farmers by tapping grants from donor countries
and other institutions
• Soft loan to farmers with a minimal service fee. Funding may be sourced from ACEF,
PRDP Fund, AGRI-AGRA Fund and other GFIs
• Amnesty on delinquent real property taxes due on agricultural lands to be granted by
LGUs.
• Suspension of penalties and surcharges on late tax payments including suspension of tax
audits by the BIR and LGUs
• Condonation of interest charges on loans availed from government owned banks and
other financial institutions
• Condonation of interest charges applied on fertilizer assistance program (HISUMCO)
• Repair/replacement of damaged/lost spare parts, fertilizer, warehouse, motorpool,
equipment, vehicles and transloading stations
• Duty-free importation of farm equipment, fertilizer, vehicles, parts and other related farm
& mill equipment and machineries
• Exemption from the coverage of E-VAT of all purchases of spare parts, fertilizer and
chemicals, warehouse and motorpool materials, farm equipment and vehicles and
materials for the repair of transloading stations during the rehabilitation and rebuilding
period in Yolanda-devastated areas
• Strict monitoring of prices of commodities and other construction materials and
prevention of hoarding by unscrupulous businessmen (DTI)
• Priority to shipment and continued waiving of port and arrastre charges of commodities
and other materials from any ports of Mindanao, Visayas and Luzon for the rehabilitation
and rebuilding of Yolanda-devastated areas (PPA)
4. Repair of Farm-to-Mill Roads and Bridges
• Immediate meeting between the LGUs and national government agencies in order to
assign responsibility of projects and assignment of funding whether from local calamity
fund or national rehabilitation fund
• Immediate repair of farm-to-mill roads in order to make these passable by hauling trucks
in time for the start of milling period
• Immediate repair of bridges from farm-to-mill in order to make these passable by
hauling trucks in time for the start of milling period
• Immediate restoration of power lines to the farms
• Continuing improvement and upgrading to concrete pavement of farm-to-mill roads
during the medium and long terms
• Continuing improvement and upgrading of bailey bridges to RCDG Model during the
medium and long terms
• Continuing improvement and upgrading of drainage system of farm-to-mill roads and
possible donation of all-terrain wheel type excavator to MDDC
5. Repair of MDDC Facilities, Machineries and Nursery Stations
• Repair of office building
• Purchase of office equipment to replace damaged units
• Possible donation of all-terrain wheel type excavator to MDDC
• Repair of Greenhouse, Seedling Shed, Trichogramma Laboratory, and Motorpool Building
• Replacement of damaged tractor parts and other consumables
• Replacement of damaged fertilizers
• Replacement of Mini-Weather Stations
• Rehabilitation and expansion of nurseries to address the expected shortfall of planting
materials
• Fund sourcing from the Calamity Fund, Sugar-ACEF Funds, PHILSURIN, and SRA or from
local and foreign donors.
6. Early Start of Milling
• Immediate restoration of power lines affecting the mill including, but not limited to, plant
site transmission lines to resume operations (LEYECO V)
• Priority of shipment of all materials, spare parts and other consumables for the repair,
restoration and reconstruction of all affected facilities of the sugar mill (NGCP, Leyeco V,
PPA)
• Farm Modernization and Mechanization Program, including research and development
program
• Duty-free importation of farm equipment and implements
• Ensuring quality of locally manufactured farm equipment and implements (Bureau of
Standards)
42
• Financial assistance through easy-term loans for the acquisition of farm equipment and
implements
• Soil Management Program, Bio-Organic Fertilizer Program and Geographic Information
System (GIS)
• Setting up of state-of-the-art Soils and Leaf Tissue Analysis Laboratory
• Research, Development and Implementation of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Program
• Setting-up of a GIS Program for the Sugar Industry of Region VIII and corresponding
training
• Fund sourcing from AFMA, DOST, DA, PRDP Funds, local and foreign grants and
Rehabilitation and Calamity Fund
High-Value Crops
1. Establishment of Gulayan sa Paaralan

2. Establishment of organic fertilizer production facility
3. Establishment/rehabilitation of production facilities
4. Provision of farm implements
Livestock
1. Distribution of veterinary paraphernalia

2. Provision of drugs and biologics
3. Provision of construction materials, incubators, hogwires, feed supplements/suttings, etc.
4. Animal re-stocking
5. Breeder stock infusion for production centers
6. Establishment/Strengthening of livestock organizations
7. Infusion of native animals in production centers
Poultry2
Immediate
1. Extension of BIR deadline of filing of damage report from 45 days to 6 months
2. Suspension of collection of the withholding taxes for 1 year
3. Staggered payment of business permit fees, real property taxes, and ECF within one year
since there is no exemption allowed
4. Immediate restoration of electricity through:
• Downloading of NEA funds (subsidy) to the electric coops (include the poultry industry
as a priority for reconnection)
• Assistance from other electric cooperatives in terms of manpower and equipment to
augment the resources of the region’s local electric cooperatives
• Staggered payment of past dues and reconnection fees
5. Provision by government of water pumps to poultry growers
6. Extension of financial assistance in the form of loans
• Tripartite agreement among the bank, contract grower, and integrator in place of
collateral
• “Easy” financial packages such as, but not limited to, DTI’s collateral-free 5% interest loan
7. Agricultural Competitiveness Enhancement Fund (ACEF) of DA
• Create a national composite team to monitor ACEF projects
• Redesign ACEF to downgrade objectives from raising competitiveness to rehabilitating
agriculture so as to enable Yolanda-affected agriculture players to avail of project funds
8. Deployment of police personnel in poultry areas to increase security
9. Price monitoring/regulate on poultry equipment
10. Communication to growers in other regions of the commitment of local growers to restart
their business in order to sustain/increase in market share of the region’s poultry industry
11. Insurance for poultry industry players
• Request subsidy for premiums of insurance for poultry industry players
• Availment of insurance from PCIC
Long term
Conduct study on the feasibility of establishing a feed production facility in the region
2 Output of the Regional Poultry Industry Workshop held on Janruary 15, 2014
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Fisheries
Immediate
1. Inventory of fisherfolk and assessment of fisheries damage
2. Distribution of food packs
3. AHON Program (Provision of materials for the repair of fishing boats (marine plywood,
copper nails, marine epoxy and paint); Cash-for-work
4. Replacement of engine and fishing gears
5. Training and provision of fiberglass boats for fisherfolk with lost/ totally damaged boats
6. Rehabilitation of cages in Mariculture Parks
7. Rehabilitation of tilapia cages in Lake Bito, McArthur, Leyte
8. Rehabilitation of women-related livelihood activities
9. Assessment of ecological habitats (mangrove, coral reefs and seagrass beds)
10. Rehabilitation of fish sanctuaries
11. Rehabilitation of aquasilviculture projects
Short-term
1. Rehabilitation of Mariculture Parks
2. Rehabilitation of Seaweed and Aquafarm Development Program
3. Provision of patrol boats
4. Distribution of fishing gears and fishing banca
5. Rehabilitation of BFAR laboratories, hatcheries, nurseries, and facilities
Long-term
1. Rehabilitation of infrastructure and post-harvest facilities
2. Establishment of fish ports
3. Provision of 3-tonner mobile ice plants
4. Construction of fishery products value-adding facilities
5. Establishment of fiberglass-making facilities
6. Assessment of ecological habitats (mangrove, coral reefs, and seagrass beds)
7. Rehabilitation of fish sanctuaries/marine protected areas
Others
Housing relocation site for marginal fisherfolks affected by the 40-meter no-build zone
should be accompanied, if not accessible to, alternative and/or supplemental livelihood and
social services
Trade, Industry and Services (TIS)
Strategies
1. Restoration of flow of cash

2. Rebuilding of micro-distribution
3. Focus of support to small and medium enterprises (agri-business) to strengthen the industry
sector
4. Revival of sari-sari store economy
5. Skills matching of the human resource in the region to supply manpower of the manufacturing
companies thus increase employment for the people of the region
6. Exercising leniency and utmost understanding in the collection of outstanding balances/
accounts receivables from businesses in Tacloban City
7. Encourage national level suppliers and manufacturers to
8. Interlink of trade and industry and services to transportation, power, water and other
infrastructure facilities and utilities
1. Soft or concessional loan from banks or DTI

2. “Adopt A Business” program (Develop a framework and mechanics for big businesses from
other HUCs and Metro Manila to directly assist local Tacloban business owners who are
seeking immediate aid to start their local business but do not have immediate working capital,
equipment or stocks to resume their businesses)
3. Diskwento Caravan
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4. Establishment of Diskwento Product Depot
5. Entrepreneurship and skills training programs
6. Creation of a Business Assistance Center
7. Participation in the Visayas Wide Trade Fair for Yolanda-affected MSMEs
8. Capacity development for business membership organizations
9. Development of Business Parks
10. Development of the Eastern Visayas Regional Growth Center (EVRGC) and light industrial
economic zone
11. Revitalization of industrial economic zone
12. Conduct of a feasibility study on renovating the DTI-VIII Regional Training Center into a
typhoon-resilient warehouse for the retail trading sector of Leyte. This will address the
problem of scarcity of supply of basic commodities and construction materials that usually
happens after natural calamities.
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities by Industry
Basic Food/Clothing Retail Distribution
Sari-Sari Store/Talipapa
1. Construction/Repair of market stalls, “talipapa” (include in priority list of infrastructure rebuild

priority of LGUs
2. Extension of price break on supplies of basic goods in affected areas by private enterprises
3. Focus on basic “tingi” products or single-serve packs to maximize consumer cash flow and
fresh produce
4. Special “windows” for withdrawal of savings and/or remittances for cash economy
5. Scaling-up of “Diskwento Caravan” across affected areas
6. Fast-tracking building of supply depots for forward deployment of supply goods (Diskwento
Depot)
7. Strategic, quick build and deployment of pre-fab talipapa stalls
8. Rebuilding of damaged market stalls (DPWH)
9. Acquisition of new “timbangans” via ODA or direct government purchase (DTI)
10. Temporary reduction/freezing on single-serve, small size items with private enterprises
11. Micro-finance credit to entrepreneurs. Provide access to lower interest rates or reduced fees
via government subsidy (SBCorp, Landbank, DBP, BSP)
12. Cash transfer from remittances via roving money changers (with DTI Roving Caravan)
13. Acceleration and proliferation of ATM and bank branch reopening (BSP/DOF)
14. Grant in kind (e.g. sari-sari store) Project
Construction Industry
1. Conduct of construction-related training programs (how to build houses, make hollow blocks)
2. Extension of merchant seed money to beneficiaries to distribute goods downstream – through
Instant Puhunan/Merchant Seeding Program in Diskwento Depots
• Provision of start-up capital in the form of goods inventory to micro-entrepreneurs
• Distribution of goods downstream by micro-entrepreneurs
• Replenishment of goods with realized sales and drawing again from Diskwento Depot,
with maximum of up to five (5) draws
3. Training and skills development for beneficiary
4. Establishment of “Diskwento Depots” in key areas
Cottage Industry/SME Development
1. Micro-finance/Loan guarantees to MSMEs

2. Funding assistance to restore existing equipment back to working condition
3. Easy financing for new equipment to replace non-serviceable items
4. Assistance to MSMEs that depend on cottage industry supply chain
5. Downscale entrepreneurship and skills training for displaced barangay folk
6. Scale-up and re-focus DTI SSF Program to provide shared facilities to affected downscale
industry
7. Financing assistance to next level MSMEs via reduced fees and interest rates
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8. Scale-up training programs
9. Entrepreneurial assistance (DTI, SBC)
10. Skills assistance (DTI, PPTC, TESDA)
11. Small Enterprise Technology Upgrading Program (SETUP)
12. Assistance to enterprises through SETUP of DOST
13. Micro-finance credit and loan guarantees to entrepreneurs at reduced fees for food/clothing
retail and cottage industry consolidations to be implemented in January-June 2014
14. Reestablishment of Pasalubong Center in Tacloban City Airport and bus/port terminals
15. SME Caravan/Roving Academy
16. Institutionalized compendium of interventions to MSMEs towards exporting of products
17. Provision of SSF
18. Product development and packaging design for GDH, furniture, fashion accessories, and
souvenir items from typhoon debris
19. Community-based projects (Local Grant-in-Aid)
20. Regional Food Innovation Center
21. Production and technology transfer of Food and Nutrition Research Institute-developed
complementary foods for malnourished children
22. Establishment of a common service facility for ceramics production in Tanauan, Leyte by
adopting DOST-Industrial Technology Development Institute-developed technologies for the
production of ceramic water filter and other terracotta products, Phase I
23. Strengthening the testing and analytical capabilities of the regional laboratories to support
competitiveness of local industries
Public Mobility and Access

1. Repair of motorcycle/tricycle and small public utility vehicle as an emergency service
2. Enhanced financing and credit terms for motorcycles and tricycles (acquisition of public utility
vehicles)
3. Operation of one-stop facility to secure local franchise and pay tax/fees
Service Industry Support

1. Skills training
2. Provision of simple tools and equipment (priority to ruMEPP clients)
3. Revival of existing business pre-Yolanda, e.g. fast food chains, hardware stores including
infrastructure rebuilding and involving Chambers of Commerce and Industry (CCI) associations
4. Re-establish step-up commercial establishments such as department stores, supermarkets,
drugstores, etc.
5. Exports
6. BPM activity
7. Seaweed industry
Tourism
Strategies
1. Development and marketing of new tour packages

2. Repackage tourism capabilities/offer tours to tourist areas not affected by the Supertyphoon
• Southern Leyte, Northern Samar, part of Samar and Biliran
• Voluntourism
• Forge marketing links with the Tourism Promotions Board, Tourism Congress, and other
industry associations
3. Capital build-up
4. Short-term grace period on payment of existing loans and waiver of interest rates
5. Access to loan facilities with low interest rates
6. Consultation with local communities on how to turn the devastation into promising tourism
attractions in the region
1. Actual assessment per tourism establishment to determine extent of damage, rehabilitation/

reconstruction work to be done and estimated time frame to become fully operational
2. Assessment of tourism sites/attractions to determine damage
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3. Rehabilitation/reconstruction of tourism establishments
4. Rehabilitation/reconstruction of tourism sites/attractions
5. Rehabilitation of DZR Airport, Tacloban (medium-term)
6. Operationalization of Ormoc Airport (Leyte) or Maasin Airport (Southern Leyte) as temporary/
alternative gateway to Leyte Island (short-term)
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities
1. Rehabilitation of damaged attractions

2. Construction of facilities in damaged tourism areas (Kalanggaman Island, Palompon/Sohoton
Caves, Basey
3. Provision of equipment, gears for tourist activities operated by people’s organizations
4. Establishment of memorial parks and markers” where thousands of people perished
5. Cash-for-work Program for local community in the clearing, rehabilitation, reconstruction of
tourist sites/facilities
6. Retooling of tour guides
ICT
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities
1. Information System to Access the Vulnerability Exposure to Disaster in Region VIII (iSAVED),
Phase I
2. Rehabilitation of the Leyte ICT Park
3. Repair/rehabilitation/upgrading of digital infrastructure to restart the business processing and
management (BPM) industry
Photo Credit: www.nbcnews.com
47
Social Sector
Housing
Strategies
1. Strict enforcement of the No Build Zone policy – No dwelling units should be constructed or
erected within the 40 meters from the shorelines and within the 3 meters from the river banks
• Creation and implementation of an Implementing Rules and Regulations for the No Build
Zone policy
2. Creation and implementation on policies on building code towards construction of disaster-
resilient structures
3. Technical assistance on safer building practice delivered at the community level
4. Experts’ technical support to the government on better/safer housing
5. Provision of permanent resettlement areas for the affected families
• Replacement of private residential lots included in the No Build Zone
• Reclamation of affected areas and putting up of prominent seawalls and breakwaters in
cases where no replacements and resettlement sites are possible
• Conversion of public idle lands suitable for housing into resettlement sites
6. Opening of opportunities for informal and formal income earners through an affordable
socialized housing component on buildable zone
7. Making available medium- and high-rise housing affordable for low-income earners through
local and national developers on buildable zone
8. Provision of material assistance to private dwelling owners for the repair of devastated
structures with disaster-resilient designs
9. Provision of housing assistance to affected government employees
10. Intensifying information dissemination on the availability of housing loans/programs to
increase availment
11. Intensifying information dissemination on appropriate and safe building standards to affected
populations and implementing agencies
Programs, Projects and Activities
1. Provision of emergency shelter

• Distribution of tarpaulins or plastic sheeting (emergency tent solutions) to provide roof
coverage for households with damaged houses
• Distribution of shelter kits (GI sheets, umbrella nails, concrete wire nails, hammer and saw)
in Palo, Leyte, Guiuan, Eastern Samar and Tanauan, Leyte
2. Construction of 228 bunkhouses in Leyte, Eastern Samar, and Western Samar
3. Construction of permanent shelter for affected families in the No Build Zone
• Tacloban North Settlement Project
• Kawayan Ville Housing Project
• Tacloban Resettlement Project
4. Home Emergency Loan Program (GSIS)
5. Housing Loan under the Landbank Calamity Rehabilitation Support (CARES) Program
6. Cash-for-work programs to support recovery of salvageable materials and disposal of unusable
debris, with particular focus on young underemployed males
7. Cash distributions (with monitoring) to enable households to purchase construction materials
or labor that will contribute to progressive sheltering and monitoring disaggregated by usage
type
8. Training of local carpenters, laborers, plumbers, electricians who can be utilized in repair and
reconstruction efforts
9. Production/distribution of information, education, and communication materials
Education
Basic Education
1. Establishment of temporary learning spaces (provision of tents, makeshift shelters and other
temporary/intermediate school shelter solutions)
2. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of damaged schools, schoolbuildings, and classrooms
48
3. Replacement of damaged/missing teaching and learning materials
4. Distribution of educational and other kits
• Student Kits
• ECD Kits
• Recreational Kits
• School in a Box
5. Distribution/establishment Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) facilities
6. Conduct of stress debriefing sessions in affected areas
7. Conduct of Back-to-Learning Campaign
8. Feeding Program
9. Training of teachers, principals, day-care workers and other education personnel on:
10. Trainings on DRRM for education players
Higher Education
1. Establishment of temporary classrooms

2. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of damaged schools, school buildings, classrooms, and
facilities
3. Replacement of damaged/missing educational materials and equipment
4. Training for teachers
5. Restoration of income-generating projects
6. Coconut replanting program (VSU)
7. Relocation of schools to safer areas (EVSU, VSU Tolosa)
8. Support program for returning affected students
9. Support program for affected private HEIs
Technical and Vocational Education
1. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of damaged training centers/schools/classrooms

2. Replacement of damaged/missing teaching and learning materials
3. Pandayan Project
4. Training program on carpentry, plumbing, electrical installation and maintenance, masonry
5. Special Training for Employment Program
6. Community-based Livelihood Program
Health and Nutrition
Strategies
1. Early warning system established for detection and prevention of outbreaks in the affected
communities
2. Increasing provision of and access to essential health services (medical/surgical consultations,
reproductive health, mental health, psychosocial support, health promotion, immunization)
3. Providing support for mental health and psychosocial healing to the affected population
4. Equitable delivery of health and nutrition services across affected municipalities
• Continuation of screening, outpatient and in-patient treatment and management of
diseases, blanket supplementary feeding
5. Strengthening referral system from community health facilities to higher levels of care
• Reproductive health medical outreach missions by mobile teams
• Health information
6. Strengthening reproductive health cares
• Delivery of mobile team services for pregnant and lactating women in evacuation centers
• Hygiene kit distribution with health information sessions for women of reproductive age
• Support to the DOH in re-establishing comprehensive reproductive health services and
providing basic RH equipment to rehabilitate damaged rural health units
7. Intensifying public health information, education and communication
8. Putting in place surveillance systems should be in place during and after the occurrence of
disasters to closely monitor the health situation and prevent or provide timely information for
the appropriate response to disease outbreaks
9. Increasing access to health insurance
49
Short Term
1. Quick fix of damaged hospitals, rural health units, barangay health stations, and other health
facilities
2. Delivery of essential health care services to affected populations and host communities
• Medical/surgical consultations
• Reproductive health consultations
• Immunization
• Creation/dispatch of mobile teams to conduct medical outreach missions
3. Conduct of mental health and psychosocial support services to affected population
4. Establishment of early warning system for the detection and prevention of outbreaks in the
affected communities
5. School-Based Dengue (OL) Trap Roll-out
6. Conduct of public health information campaign, including hygiene, sanitation and reproductive
health
7. Delivery of nutrition services
• Micronutrient supplementation
• Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition
• Infant and Young Child Feeding
• Feeding in Emergencies
Medium Term
1. Establishment of an equitable disaster-resilient health system
2. Construction/rehabilitation of all damaged health facilities, including hospitals, rural health
units, and barangay health stations to bring them back to the level of functionality
3. Establishment of a more disaster-responsive health system
4. Construction of government warehouses to serve as stock rooms for medical equipment and
supplies in times of disasters, including family planning supplies
5. Review/assessment of needed medicines, medical supplies and other items for emergency
purposes
6. Supplementary Feeding Program
7. Infant and Young Child Program
8. Micronutrient Supplementation
9. Health and nutrition advocacy
10. Health and nutrition surveillance (including replacement of nutrition assessment tools)
11. PhilHealth coverage of members and non-members
12. Accreditation/rehabilitation of health care institutions
Long Term
1. Increasing public investments on health and nutrition, with focus on nutritionally needier areas
and groups which are nutritionally at risk.
2. Intensifying preventive and curative measures for communicable and non-communicable
diseases
3. Improving the capability of health providers, and the functionality of the health system,
including interventions to ensure adequate health manpower, pharmaceuticals, blood and
other supplies, improved health information systems, adequate staffing supply and capabilities,
functional referral systems (among public and private facilities), quality of service of health
facilities, health financing buffers of the families, as well as formal and informal engagements
/collaborations with community groups and healthcare organizations
4. Adopting the Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition (PPAN)
Social Welfare
Strategies
1. Household and community level needs assessment on shelter (listing of families in camps
who are qualified for shelter kits, coordination with the Shelter Committee on requirements of
identified families)
2. Social preparation for relocation of families/communities
3. Strong coordination with LGUs and funding agencies
50
4. Volunteerism
1. Distribution/monitoring of shelter kits to internally displaced persons (IDPs) with damaged

houses in areas declared as Can-Build Zones
2. Assessment/identification of families for relocation to transitional sites/bunkhouses
• Administration and validation of data using the DAFAC
• Identification of priority areas
3. Construction of permanent homes for IDPs
4. Establishment of Protection Information Management System (tracing, verification, family
reunification, follow-up)
5. Establishment of Child-Friendly Spaces in every barangay
6. Placement of children through Alternative Parental Care (Kinship Care, Foster Care)
7. Preparation for independent living of families
8. Case Management and Referral
9. Provision of Financial Assistance
10. Provision of Educational Assistance
11. Provision of Medical Assistance
12. Legal Support /Referrals for legal assistance
13. Psychological evaluation and counselling
14. Strengthening of referral system for VAWC and CNSP
15. Capacity building for residents in the Center and Institution
16. Establishment of Day Care Center in DSWD Compound
17. Conduct orientation to FP on RLA
18. Sustainable Livelihood Program Rehabilitation of affected livelihood projects
19. Cash-for-work Program for rebuilding of communities
20. Strengthened implementation of the CCT Program
21. Installation of a system on volunteer management
Cross-sectoral Interventions
Peace and Security
Yolanda has certain implications and possible consequences in relation to peace and security. The
following are interventions to address different expected scenarios.
Scenario 1
Tensed, frantic and agitated people due to the end of the “Response and Relief” phase and
perceived slow rehabilitation and recovery phase, resulting to looting and robbery
• Providing livelihood support and sustainable employment

• Sustaining and intensifying anti-criminality and crime prevention drives
Scenario 2
Weak business confidence and prolonged reopening of business operations due to peace and
security concerns
• Increasing police visibility especially in business areas

• Increasing the level of alertness and vigilance among PNP personnel
Scenario 3
Potential unrest in the labor sector/industrial peace affected
• Translating policies into action through efficient program and project implementation
participated in by different stakeholders of the business sector
Scenario 4
Vulnerability of people/population to recruitment from CPP-NPA due to economic factors
• Uplifting the socio-economic status through provision of basic social services such as livelihood
opportunities and employment
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• Advocacy and promotion of local peace efforts, and the roles of the community and their
leaders in implementing them
• Upgrading the region’s internal defense capability including intelligence and crime prevention
Scenario 5
Attempts of CPP-NPA to reactivate in development-ready areas
• Intensifying formation of collection efforts and intelligence fusion with other members of the
intelligence community to detect any enemy hostile plan of action
• Intensifying internal security operations
Environment
As important and urgent as human needs are, both short-term and long-term recovery efforts
should also take into account the needs of nature in support of improving human well-being.
Reconstruction efforts following disasters provide opportunities to bring about more far-reaching
and longer term changes. These changes will both aid recovery of people’s livelihoods and the
ecosystems upon which people rely to meet their basic needs for food, clothing and shelter and to
decrease vulnerability to future disasters as well.
Strategies
1. Establishment of a multi-layered mixed mangrove forest to serve as effective eco-shield

protective green barrier for supertyphoons
• Clearing and declogging as initial part of rehabilitation
• Clear/free the planting sites from debris
• Clear the mouth of river from debris and sediments to allow free flow of tidal
inundation
• Avoid planting the newly deposited sediments and unstable substrate
• If possible, clear the root systems free from over tapping sediments
• If soil deposition is quite stable, select species for rehabilitation that may be suitable
to new substrate and hydro-period
• Selection of species and design for rehabilitation. First and foremost, it is necessary to
assess which mangrove trees or plants are desired for rehabilitation. Since there are scores
of varieties and species of plants in the mangrove forest, certain ones are typically chosen
over others for a rehabilitation program, such as those that are resilient to impact of storm
surge and super typhoon, can recover fast from damage, can cope up/pace with relative
sea level rise, are compatible with a mixture of species, and are adaptable to climate
changes (hydro-period, temperature, salinity, changes of substrate and gradient).
• Recommended species for beach areas:
• For Sandy-Silt Loam Substrate, combination of:
- Bani
- Malubago
- Banalo
- Talisay
- Melalueca
• For Clay–Clay Loam, combination of:
- Toog
- Bagras/Red Gum
- Narra
- Mahogany
- Dao
- Rain tree
- Acacia nilotica
• Establishment of the 4Rs in Mangrove Rehabilitation
• Right place
• Right species
• Right timing
• Right ways
2. Establishment of a coastal landscape of 2-3 layers Green Belt Barriers (GBB)
3. Coordination between and among the Shelter, Food Security, Health, and Education Clusters,
relevant authorities, and local government units to ensure appropriate recycling of waste/
debris
52
4. Innovative and environment-friendly waste management through debris recycling for
reconstruction of shelters and community assets
5. Application of the 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) principle in solid waste management.
6. Application of environment-friendly techniques in water management and conservation
7. Promotion of environment-friendly techniques for WASH
8. Explicit consideration of environment in livelihood and housing interventions
Projects, Programs and Activities
1. National Greening Program

2. Program Leyte Gulf Mangrove and Beach Forest Plantation
3. Seedling production
4. Nursery Establishment
5. Designation of temporary area for disposal within the Sanitary Landfill sites
6. Reconstruction of Sanitary Landfills
7. Purchase/repair of equipment (e.g. densifier, shredder)
8. Repair of damaged Material Recovery Facility buildings
9. School-based Project on Waste Recycling (e.g. Recycling of foils/doy packs into school chairs
in partnership with the DepEd, SK, EMB and Mendelez International
10. Adopt-an-Estero Program
11. Recycling of waste/debris for reconstruction of homes
12. Sorting/composting of biodegradable materials into fertilizers
13. Cash-for-work in environmental activities such as tree planting, camp clean-up and
environmental rehabilitation
14. Hiring of additional workers to secure the typhoon debris within the SLF site
15. Livelihood for indigenous communities in the upland affected by downed trees in the uplands
16. Conduct of systematic surveys/assessment to determine the extent of windblown trees in
natural forests and upland areas.
17. In storm surge areas, there is the possibility of contamination of shallow aquifers due to
hazardous waste — constant monitoring is needed particularly in relation to the use of hand
pumps from shallow aquifers in affected areas
18. Use of alternative energy sources such as solar panels for water pumps and lighting for safer
use of latrines and showers
19. Rainwater harvesting, grey water reuse for small plantations, and eco-sanitation to manage
and conserve water
Macroeconomy
In view of the massive damage and losses incurred in the various sectors of the region, the already
ailing regional economy and increasing poverty situation prevailing before Yolanda, it is expected
that the socio-economic conditions of Eastern Visayas will turn for the worse.
In order to abate this, there is a need to fast-track the rehabilitation and recovery of the region.
Several interventions are herein identified to address the long-standing poverty issues, especially
in Yolanda-affected areas. These interventions aim to ensure that all recovery and reconstruction
efforts will put the region back to the track of inclusive growth through poverty reduction and
economic growth. Thus, employment and livelihood are primary concerns of the macroeconomic
sector.
Interventions to arrest the GRDP contraction
1. Fast-tracking the re-starting of agriculture (crops, fisheries, and livestock) through provision
of community-based grants or micro-credit schemes
• This is very important since majority of those who lost their incomes and sources of
livelihood are the marginalized rural workers such as the farmers (most especially the
coconut farmers) and fisherfolks.
2. Fast-tracking the re-energizing of enterprises/private businesses
• SMEs are engines of economic growth, thus restoring and expanding their operations is
key to sustainable employment and incomes in the region upon termination of cash-for-
work and emergency employment.
53
• Initially, typhoon-damaged businesses need to replace, and potentially upgrade, assets
and should have access to working capital to restore business activity.
• Identification of trade and industry needs such as loan restructuring and refinancing,
guarantees, financing through cooperatives and microfinance institutions, must be
undertaken. Refinancing mechanisms for banks must also be quickly assessed, especially
in rural areas.
Interventions to recover from a high poverty incidence rate
1. Providing financial assistance to affected qualified businesses in terms of loans at lower interest
rates by government financial institutions
2. Granting tax holidays to affected businesses to help them recover during the initial stages of
their operations
3. Moratorium on payment of debts/loans from government financing institutions, especially
from the marginal sector like fisherfolks, farmers, micro-entrepreneurs who are usually not
credit-worthy to private sources
4. Temporary suspension of government fees required to reconstruct damaged structures
5. Livelihood recovery response and the development of the financial sector and business
development services
Interventions to provide sustainable livelihood and employment
1. For the business sector to provide emergency employment to affected workers/laborers at the
current minimum wage. It is proposed that 75% of the wages be shouldered by the employer
and the remaining 25% be taken from the Emergency and Temporary Employment Program
of the DOLE
2. For the government and other groups to provide cash-for-work/emergency employment such
as but not limited to:
DSWD
• Livelihood assistance through cash-for-work (280,968 families, February to June 2014)
- Loading and unloading, and repacking of relief goods
- Food preparation
- Sorting and inventory of damaged property, supplies, documents, and equipment
- Clearing of debris, coastal clean-up, canal dredging
- Communal gardening
• Rebuilding of community livelihood assets through cash-for-work (106,944 families, July-
December 2014)
• Load Retailing Business for Pantawid beneficiaries in Ormoc City, Tacloban, Palo, Guiuan
(provision of cellular phones and start-up capital of PhP1,000.00 each)
BFAR
• Cash-for-work for fisherfolks (one-time payment of PhP1,500 per fisherfolk) for fixing of
his/her own boat
DENR
• Hiring of Forest Protection Officers for the hauling of forest products from forest lands
PCA
• Cash cropping or cash-for-work and free seeds in planting of short-gestation crops
PhilFIDA
• Labor services for clearing of fallen shade abaca trees and cutting of uprooted and twisted
abaca plant
DAR
• Cash for vocational training to enable ARBs and non-ARBs gain easier access to employment
options
DOT
• Cash-for-work program for local residents in the clearing, rehabilitation, reconstruction of
tourist sites/facilities
54
LGU Jaro, Leyte
• Cash-for-work program for the repair of damaged houses (3,839 families, March-June
2014)
• Cash-for-work program for communal farm
LGU Northern Samar

• Cash-for-work program for 23 municipalities (9,951 families)
Other Government Agencies/LGUs/Entities

• Cash-for-work program for cleaning operations, debris management, repair, among others
3. Providing alternative livelihood trainings and capitalization for workers affected by the crisis
4. Support to labor-related institutions that enhance employability, social protection and other
aspects of labor administration in post-disaster situations
Interventions to stabilize prices and lower inflation
1. Support to efforts to restore and stabilize the supply and market functions for basic goods,
materials and outputs
Governance
Strategies
1. Adopting three-pronged interventions

• Ecosystems-based solutions (e. g. mangrove reforestation, coral reef rehabilitation)
• Disaster-resilient structural designs
• Land use planning
2. Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) and Climate Change
Adaptation (CCA) into local plans and systems
3. Capacitating DRRM councils and emergency responders (PNP, BFP, ERTs, Tanods, ACV)
4. Fast-tracking release of funds
5. Reformulation of procurement procedures attuned to disaster times
6. Institutionalization of paperless governance (records-keeping, forms storage, and the like)
7. Strengthening communication and advocacy
8. Institutionalization of transparency and accountability mechanisms
9. Close coordination between the LGUs and national government agencies in order to assign
responsibility of projects and assignment of funding whether from local calamity fund or
national rehabilitation fund
10. Revisit/ review of existing ordinances vis-à-vis compliance to national laws and policies
11. Tapping resources of state universities for knowledge sharing on DRRM/CCA, especially VSU
as Regional Climate Change Research Center
12. Institutionalizing monitoring and evaluation
General Programs, Projects and Activities for Local Governance
1. Clearing operations (debris management, waste collection)

2. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of public structure:
• Provincial/city/municipal/barangay halls
• Public markets
• Slaughterhouses
• Terminal/bus stations
• Multi-purpose halls
• Gymnasium
• Civic Centers
• Recreational and other facilities
3. Purchase/replacement of facilities and equipment
4. Mainstreaming DRRM/CCA into the Provincial Development and Physical Framework
Plans — all provinces
5. Updating of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUPs) of cities and municipalities
6. Japan Fund for Poverty Alleviation Project: Grant for Early Recovery of Poor Municipalities
Affected by Yolanda
55
7. Project Climate Change Twin Phoenix (a technical assistance project of the Climate Change
Commission, UNDP and AusAid to mainstream DDRM/CCA in local plans of Tacloban City and
selected Yolanda-affected municipalities)
8. Implementation of the Full Disclosure Policy to include posting of documents on donations
and grants aside from the usual documents
9. Creation of emergency response groups to deliver basic social services during and after
disasters
10. Conduct trainings on disaster preparedness
11. Inclusion of monitoring reports on Yolanda in the Full Disclosure Policy for transparency and
accountability
12. Regular/special meetings of the Provincial/City/Municipal DRRM Councils
13. Installation of back-up systems and equipment that might be damaged or become inoperable
during disasters/emergencies
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities of LGU-Leyte
1. Rehabilitation/construction of hospitals
2. Rehabilitation/construction of Leyte Provincial Jail and sub-jails
3. Rehabilitation/reconstruction of school buildings
4. Rehabilitation/reconstruction of provincial offices and other structures
5. Procurement of hospital equipment
6. Construction of Regional Government Center and Evacuation Center (RGCEC) in Palo, Leyte
7. Construction of new Leyte Provincial Hospital within the RGCEC in Palo, Leyte
8. Construction of new Leyte Provincial Capitol within the RGCEC in Palo, Leyte
9. Expansion of Tacloban Port Area
10. Construction of West Bypass Road (Pawing-Campetic-Guindapunan-San Jose-Arado)
11. Construction/development of Babatngon Seaport
12. Rehabilitation/widening of Maharlika Highway, from San Juanico Bridge Tacloban-Pawing-Palo
Proper (Junction to Baybay and to Ormoc)
13. Rehabilitation/improvement of flood control of Dungcaan River Basin (Baybay City), diking
system (from river mouth to 5 km upstream for a 25-year return period)
14. Rehabilitation/improvement of flood control of Pagsangahan-Cadacan River Basin covering
Ormoc, Merida, Isabel, Palompon, Kananga and Buenavista
15. Construction of Capoocan-Leyte Coastal Road
16. Road concreting along Purisima St. (Brgy. Guindapunan)-Caloogan (San Jose)-Barayong
(Housing Site)
17. Barayong Housing Project
18. Pawing and Campetic Growth Center
19. Guindapunan Residential and Commercial Center
20. Leyte Provincial Convention Center (LPCC)
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities of LGU-Biliran

1. Rehabilitation/repair of local government facilities such as but not limited to the Provincial
Hospital, Provincial Capitol, Naval Gymnasium, etc.
2. Provision of livelihood
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities of LGU-Southern Leyte
1. Repair/rehabilitation/reconstruction of the following damaged structures:

• School buildings
• Roads and bridges
2. Restart of agricultural production
3. Housing assistance
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities of LGU-Eastern Samar
Rehabilitation/repair of the following facilities:

1. Provincial Hall
2. Municipal Hall
3. Barangay Hall
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4. Gymnasium/Multi-purpose Buildings
5. Public Market
6. Transport Terminal
7. Fire Station
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities of LGU-Northern Samar
1. Rehabilitation/repair of provincial road

2. Repair of damaged classrooms and school buildings
3. Replacement of guardrails
4. Rehabilitation/repair of damaged local government facilities
5. Rehabilitation of unpaved roads and embankment CORESA
6. Cash-for-work
7. IEC
8. Suplementation
9. Treatment
10. Deworming
11. Vaccination
12. Animal dispersal
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities of LGU-Tacloban City
Immediate Infrastructure
1. Construction of school buildings
2. Clearing and declogging of drainage
3. Clearing and assessment of state universities
4. Repair of public buildings
5. National government agencies
6. City government – City Hall, slaughterhouse, bus terminal, market
7. Repair of classrooms
8. Purchase and distribution of satellite phones
9. Review and localization of Building Code
10. Repair of roads and bridges
11. Repair/reconstruction of hospital and health center
Short-term Infrastructure
1. City-wide Water and Sanitation Study
2. Permanent evacuation center
3. Rehabilitation/retrofitting of Payapay and Burayan Bridge
4. Rehabilitation/reconstruction of damaged national roads including construction of drainage
system
5. Private sector initiative for communication improvements
6. New application for insurance for physical plants and facilities of Tacloban City
7. Equipment/office building for PAGASA/DOST
8. Master plan for drainage system
9. Establishment of 40-meter easement from shoreline
Medium-term Infrastructure
1. Inter-LGU Solid Waste Management Facility
2. Babatngon Port development
3. Restoration of buildings and utilities of state universities in Tacloban City
4. Construction of flood control structures along major rivers
5. Introduction of solar-powered distribution lines
6. Reconstruction of Burayan Bridge in 4 lanes (20 tons)
Long-term Infrastructure
1. Construction of Tacloban City International Airport
2. Underground power distribution and communication
3. Construction of four-lane road with sturdy shore protection
57
Specific Programs, Projects and Activities of LGU-Catbalogan City
1. Construction of a warehouse-type gym that will serve as food depot and evacuation center
during times of crisis
2. Establishment of a 145-hectare urban resettlement to 100 meters above sea level
3. Beef up equipments of stevedoring and arrastre services at the pier
4. Completion and operationalization of the Catbalogan City Airport
5. Decongestion of traffic along Rizal Avenue by removing the concrete fence road block of the
port
6. Expansion of Catbalogan Abattoir
7. Construction of the Catbalogan Terminal
8. Construction of the Buri Causeway Suspension Bridge that will connect the mainland to the
Mariculture/Aqua Park
9. Establishment of a Mariculture/Aqua Park to generate massive employment and livelihood
10. Purchase of mobile clinic
Programs, Projects and Activities LGU-Baybay City
Repair/rehabilitation/reconstruction of the following damaged structures:

1. City Hall
2. Barangay Halls
3. Gymnasiums/Multi-Purpose Building
4. Public Market
5. Transport Terminal
6. School Buildings
7. Legislative Building
8. DSWD Building
9. ABC Building
10. City Health Office
11. Rural Health Units 1 and 2
12. Barangay Health Stations
13. City roads and drainage system
14. Street lights (city and barangay)
15. Water systems
16. Irrigation systems
17. Barangay roads, bridges and spillway
Programs, Projects and Activities LGU-Ormoc City
1. Restoration of Ormoc City Hall Building

2. Restoration of AgriTech Building
3. Restoration of CAO Quarantine Services Station at port area
4. Restoration of CAO Hatchery Building
5. Restoration of CAO Nursery Building
6. Restoration of Ormoc City Health Building
7. Restoration of City Engineering Office
8. Reconstruction of CEO Motorpool
9. Repair of CEO Garage
10. Restoration of CDRRM Building
11. Restoration/improvement of buildings and structures at GSD Compound
12. Restoration of ORWASA Building
13. Restoration of ORWASA Production Building
14. Restoration of ORWASA Water Testing Laboratory Buidling
15. Restoration of Ormoc City Slaughterhouse
16. Restoration/improvement of Old City Hall
17. Restoration/improvement of City Veterinary Building
18. Restoration of City Tourism Center
19. Restoration/improvement of DILG and Police Station 1 Building
20. Restoration of Ormoc Manpower Building
21. Restoration of Superdome
22. Restoration of Ormoc City Shopping Mall
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23. Restoration of Ormoc Public Library
24. Reconstruction of Bagsakan Building
25. Reconstruction of Ormoc Public Market Complex
26. Restoration of Ormoc Food Park
27. Restoration of 43 Barangay Halls
28. Restoration of 6 Barangay Multi-purpose Buildings
29. Restoration of Senior Citizen’s Building
30. Restoration of Ormoc Fire Department Building
31. Restoration of Fire Sub-station
32. Ormoc City PNP Compound
Programs, Projects and Activities for the National Government
1. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of office buildings

2. Procurement of office vehicles, computers, and other facilities/equipment to replace the
damaged units
3. Construction of Regional Government Center and Evacuation Center (RGCEC)
4. Hiring of personnel to positions vacated due to the implementation of the Rationalization Plan
5. Job outsourcing to address lack of manpower
6. Stress debriefing seminars for affected government employees
7. Support to repair/restoration of houses of government employees
8. Regular/special meetings of the Regional DRRM Council
9. Revisit of tools measuring governance vis-à-vis DRRM (SDP, LGPMS, CBMS, FDP)
10. Create of emergency response groups to deliver basic social services during and after
disasters
11. Review of DRRM protocols
12. Preparation of a comprehensive and strategic DRRM/CCA communication plan (messages are
clear, easily understood, and timely)
13. Installation of monitoring systems
• Setting-up of the NEDA Main IT HUB-Data Center Processing
- A facility for the President to meet cabinet clusters on Yolanda, for designated
department undersecretaries to upload data on periodic reports, and to monitor live
reports from project sites, feeds from local and foreign weather tracking services, live
links to cable TV, Internet, and radio stations
• Construction and regular updating of the OPARR e-PLDT-Smart-sponsored portal
- A web-based channel for monitoring of status of the implementation of
rehabilitation and recovery efforts, wherein public can access/view latest R&R updates)
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SPECIAL SECTION ON POLICY AND OPERATIONAL ISSUES/
CONCERNS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Agriculture
Issues and Concerns Recommendations Responsible Agency/
Institution
Lack of technical manpower -Authorize regional technical manpower DA Family
to oversee Yolanda-related -Fast-track RatPlan implementation
activities
Delayed release of logistical -Fast-track release of funds PCA, PhilFIDA, NFA
support (e.g. funds) -Decentralize
Very limited seeds and planting -Look for other sources outside the region DA Family
materials because most seed -Speed up the rehabilitation and expansion
growers and nurseries (private, of plant nurseries and tissue culture labs
public) were also affected
Lack of service vehicles and Immediate purchase of service vehicles and DA Family
office equipment for project office equipment
implementation and M&E
Availability of hardwood for -Better coordination with DENR BFAR, DENR
making the keel and processed (BFAR to write a letter to DENR Secretary to
wood - marine plywood for the assist in solution of the problem on shortage
sidings and lumber for the frame of wood supply; letter to be signed by the DA
of banca Secretary)
-DENR to look into the possibility of donating
the cleared confiscated logs/lumber/fliches
-Consider fiberglass boats as an option
Non-serviceable fishports due Give priority to the repair of damaged BFAR, PFDA
to typhoon damage fishports
No allocation/budget for project Include in the expanded rehabilitation plan All implementing
management and M&E (e.g. agencies
geo-tagging)
Communications constraints to Provide communication allowance for mobile All implementing
Region 8 outside of Tacloban phones agencies
City (telephone, internet)
Security of tenure for the Re-documentation of contracts of leasehold DAR, PCA
lease holders as all records/ areas
documents were lost/damaged
Destroyed common service Include repair in the expanded rehabilitation
facilities in ARCs plan
Displacement of fisherfolks/ -Provide housing relocation site for affected NAPC, NHA, LGUs
residents within the 40-meter no marginal fisherfolks —
should be with
build zone alternative and/or supplemental livelihood
-Declare resettlement areas for permanent NHA, HLURB
relocation
No insurance for rice and -Include upland rice in the insurance PCIC, DA
coconut packages under the Philippine Crop
Insurance Corporation (PCIC)
-Include coconut and by-products in the PCIC, PCA
insurance packages under PCIC
Lack of insurance for other Provision of full premium crop insurance PCIC, Concerned
major crops subsidy agencies
Vulnerability of rice variety to Promote use of saline-tolerant and/or DA
salinity submergence-tolerant rice within 100 meters
strip found along coastal areas
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Responsible Agency/
Issues and Concerns Recommendations
Institution
Threatened food security during Promote bread fruit, arrow root (“yau tia”) DA
and after disaster and wild yam (“kurot”) as alternative foods
after calamity
Vulnerability of land-based -Do not allow further development of BFAR
aquaculture to disasters fishponds within the 40-meter strip
-Moratorium on the development of
fishponds in mangrove areas
Enhance mangrove reforestation along the DENR
40-meter strip
Lack of interest in coconut -Give incentives for planting coconut trees DA
replanting and subsidizing the maintenance thereof
Large volume of fallen coconut -Encourage planting of coconuts along the
trees 40-meter strip DA
Lack of funds for coconut land Grant fuel subsidy for chainsaws PCA
clearing preparation
Lack of seeds/fertilizers for crop Seeds/fertilizer subsidy (provide hybrid DA
production seeds, certified seeds, urea)
Lack of farm machinery Provision of subsidy for farm machinery DA
rental for land preparation
Poor quality of farm equipment For the Bureau of Standards to look into Bureau of Standards
and implements the quality of locally manufactured farm
equipment and implements
Lack of capitalization for farmers -Outright financial assistance or grant to DA
farmers by tapping grants from donor
countries and other institutions
-Grant soft loan to farmers with a minimal
service fee
-Grant condonation of interest on loans
availed from government owned banks and
other financial institutions
-For HISUMCO to condone interest charges
applied on fertilizer assistance program (for
sugarcane farmers)
-Forge a tripartite agreement among the
bank, contract grower, and integrator in place
of collateral (for poultry raisers)
-Provide “easy” financial packages such as
but not limited to DTI’s collateral-free 5%
interest loan
-Redesign Agricultural Competetiveness
Enhancement Fund (ACEF) to downgrade
objectives from raising competitiveness to
rehabilitating agriculture so as to enable
Yolanda-affected agriculture players to avail
of project funds
-Create a national composite team to
monitor ACEF projects
Exorbitant prices of poultry Regulate and monitor price of poultry DTI
equipment equipment
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Trade, Industry and Services
Issues and Concerns Recommendations Responsible Agency/
Institution
Low business confidence due to -Pull out augmentation of police personnel PNP
looting and crime rate only upon assessment by the Chamber of
Commerce and Industry that everything is
back to normal
-Adopt CCTV system – allocate funds for this
and for the upgrading of equipment of PNP
personnel
Lack of computers for processing Issue directive to fast-track processing LTO
drivers’ license, motor vehicle in Yolanda-affected areas under the LTO
registration, other LTO transactions internal program
Lack of housing/dorms/boarding Adopt the PPP scheme for the construction PPP
houses for workers of dorms/ houses to allow cost sharing and
ascertain disaster-resilient designs
Poor telecommunication services Impose strict regulatory measures to NTC
ensure improvement in the design of
telecommunication facilities
Regional economy limited only to Revive the Eastern Visayas Regional Growth RDC
trading and production of copra/ Center as a hub for manufacturing and
rice/fisheries industry to invite more investments
Law on franchising impedes the -Design a scheme to facilitate the transfer of LTFRB
donation of vehicles by private vehicles from the donor organization to the
groups to address lack of public franchise owners
transportation -Streamline policies for franchising and
licensing in a disaster context
Income losses for workers, Institute mechanisms/design policy to DOLE
increased unemployment rate, support employment programs
closure of establishments, lack of
manpower due to competition
from outside organizations
Lack of information where to Issue a directive to LGUs/line agencies to DILG, CSC, DBM
get aid for business, lack of establish a business welfare help desk/
information (e.g. business profile, business assistance center
database);loss of records (e.g.
motor vehicles)
Difficulty of paying outstanding Grant of soft loans to businessmen/MSMEs GFIs (e.g. DBP, SBC),
loan payments/payment terms CCI
No operating capital/liquidity for -Extend low-interest loans GFIs (e.g. DBP, SBC),
business enterprises -Adopt profit sharing scheme CCI
-Formulate a policy that will encourage
donors to align their grant fund with
livelihood and enterprise development
Delay in the delivery of stocks due -Give funding priority to repair of damaged DOTC, MARINA
to damage in seaports/airports ports
and long queues in RORO facilities, -For MARINA to allow RORO operators to
resulting in artificial shortage and increase fees to cover the required quota,
high prices of products thus speed-up return trips
Delay in the shipment of materials PPA to strictly give priority to shipment PPA
needed for the rehabilitation and continue waiving of port and arrastre
of the sugar mill in Ormoc and charges for commodities and other
Kananga materials (needed for the rehabilitation and
reconstruction works) from any ports of
Mindanao, Visayas and Luzon
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Responsible Agency/
Institution
Lack of supply of raw materials Provide cash grants to businessmen to DTI

enable them to buy more stocks
Lack of supply of commodities
Increased prices of commodities -Strict price monitoring DTI, DA, BFAD
-DTI to strictly monitor prices of
commodities and other construction
materials and prevent hoarding by
unscrupulous businessmen
Exorbitant prices of construction Impose a price freeze on all construction DTI
materials materials and other related hardware
Totally/severely damaged DPWH to include in its budget financial DPWH
warehouses assistance for the repair of private
warehouses
Shortage of labor supply due to -Issue a directive to track migration of skilled DOLE
outmigration of skilled workers workers
and reluctance to work due to -Extend livelihood grants and conduct job DOLE
“relief” mentality fairs, emergency employment (cash-for-work
programs)
-Implement advocacy to eliminate “relief” PIA, DSWD
mentality
Difficulty of compliance to tax laws -Grant tax leniency by extending deadlines BIR
such as deadline for filing and -Issue memorandum on the formal
requirements for tax holiday extension of deadline and leniency of
requirements to the Revenue District Offices
-Grant tax holidays for VAT- table businesses
and percentage tax to non-VAT table
businesses in Yolanda-affected areas
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Social Sector
Responsible Agency/
Institution
Health and Nutrition
Ambiguity in the retrieval, Revisit the Management of the Dead DOH
management, and accounting and Missing Persons (MDM) During
of cadavers/dead persons and Emergencies and Disasters (A.O. 2007-001B)
missing persons by all concerned agencies, both local and
international
Disaster vulnerability of Issue policy on build safe and resilient DOH, DPWH
hospitals hospitals
Need for computer software Revisit the Health Emergency Reporting DOH
database, emergency Mechanism (D.O. 1-J, s. 2003), A.O. 2004-131
cellphone, and emergency and A.O 2004-164
Internet connection
Inability to respond to health -Issue a policy mandate for the establishment DOH, DILG
emergencies of a response team in every hospital and LGU
-Strictly enforce RA 8185 of 1997 (Emergency
Power Supply of the LGUs)
-Provision of standby generator set and
fuel for emergency power supply in every
LGU, Hospital, RHU and BHS
Malnutrition in disasters Endorse PIMAM protocol for malnutrition DOH
rehabilitation
Hunger/psycho-social Endorse House Bill on Right to Adequate DOH
problems Food
Education
Damaged infrastructure For DBM to issue a guidelines that will fast-
facilities of SUCs track the downloading of funds
Difficulty of private schools to Issue a policy that will allow government DepEd, CHED, DOF
re-operate due to lack of funds financial assistance to private schools
Non-affordability of coconut Recommend to Pres. Aquino the issuance PCA
farmers to finance the college of an EO mandating the Coconut Industry
education of their children Investment Fund (CIIF) Foundation to grant
free tertiary education to children of Yolanda-
affected coconut farmers
Housing
Delay in the determination of -Issue a directive to give priority to survey and DILG, DENR
No Build Zone marking/ monumenting of No Build Zone
-Formulate IRR on No Build Zone Policy
Need to identify relocation -Fast-track land use planning NHA
sites -Formulate zoning ordinance
Damaged houses of farmers -Allocate funds to help marginalized groups PMS, GFIs
and fisherfolks and other rebuild their houses (source out from calamity
marginalized groups, and fund or grant from other private or foreign
government employees organizations)
-Fast-track release of housing assistance for
government employees from the President’s
Social Fund
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Infrastructure
Responsible Agency/
Institution
Water
Lack of funds to rehabilitate Release directly funding assistance to water LWUA
damaged water supply facilities districts through LWUA/banks
of water districts
Delay in the release of funds

since it is channeled through
LWUA/banks
Limited delegated authority to Issue a policy that will allow more leeway/ DILG
implement water supply projects power in the implementation of water supply
projects
Lack of water supply for the Government to provide water pumps to DA, LWUA, CCI
reoperation of poultry growers poultry growers
Power
Shortage of quality materials Allocate funds for the procurement of buffer NEA
(distribution line-hardware) stock of quality materials for use during
calamities
Right-of-Way problem during Involve LGUs during the restoration process ECs
restoration works
Delay in the restoration of -Fast-track immediate downloading of NEA
electricity subsidy to electric coops (include the poultry
industry and other business establishments
as a priority for reconnection)
-Request assistance from other electric
cooperatives re: manpower and equipment
to augment the region’s local electric
cooperatives
Financial constraint of Grant staggered-basis payment of past dues ECs
households and business
establishments to secure
reconnection due to arrearages
Existing distribution lines within Allocate funds for expenses in the relocation ECs
10M from the center lines along of existing distribution lines beyond 10M
the highway
Irrigation
No standard design for disaster- Provide standard design for irrigation NIA
resilient irrigation structures structures resilient to climate change
Delay of project implementation Fast-track release of funds to take advantage NIA
due to limited annual project of the forthcoming dry season/favorable for
allocation construction works
Transport (Roads, Ports, Airports)
No standard design for disaster- -Come up with disaster-resilient design DPWH, DOTC
resilient structures options for roads, bridges and flood control
structures that can withstand super typhoons
as well as resist high-magnitude earthquakes
and severe flooding
-Raise ports to elevation of 3 meters DOTC, PPA
-Increase EMK (Equivalent Maintenance per
Kilometer)
65
Responsible Agency/
Institution
Poor quality of transport -Strictly implement policy standards on DPWH
infrastructure projects transport infrastructure projects
-Strictly monitor/ supervise construction to
ensure that the project design standards are
at par
-Regularly maintain roads, bridges, flood
control and other transport infrastructure
Communication/Telecommunications
Weak and slow warning system Pass House Bill 353 to compel NTC
telecommunication companies to send free
mobile alert warnings of impending natural
and manmade disasters (concerned agencies
to issue the alerts to the mobile phone
subscribers located near and within the
affected areas)
Need to restore landline NTC to issue a memorandum circular for a NTC
telephone, other one-year suspension of the imposition of
telecommunication services surcharge fee in filing of renewal of permits
to its stakeholders
Proliferation of illegally owned NTC to issue a memorandum circular for the NTC
radio units registration of illegally owned two-way radio
units
Stolen cables and posts LGUs to pass an ordinance to prohibit DILG, NTC, LGUs
dismantling of destroyed cables and
damaged posts of telecommunication
companies and CATV providers in their
respective areas of jurisdiction
66
Environment
Responsible Agency/
Institution
Returning of informal settlers in Delineate No-Built Zone (easement) DENR
coastal areas including monumenting
Potential harm of housing projects -Review the impact of the demand for DENR
to the environment housing and roofing materials on the
environment
-Craft policy enjoining the use of recycled
coconut lumber, bamboo and other
possible natural sources of construction
materials, recycled material from debris
-Craft policy to find local solutions to
compensate for the lack of corrugated
sheets
-Craft policy to consider in shelter plans the
implications of mass production of shelter
materials, specifically considering use of
wood to prevent further illegal logging,
deforestation and soil erosion
Implications of relocation/ -Craft policy to ensure no further harm to DENR
reconstruction to the environment the forest cover or the marine environment
in relocation sites and reconstruction
projects
-Craft policy to mandate the consideration MGB
of geo-hazards such as landslides in land
use planning, including updating of hazard
maps
Implications of humanitarian aid/ -Issue a policy to consider in humanitarian DENR
livelihood interventions to the aid and livelihood projects the risks
environment and major impacts to the environment
(e.g. overfishing as an offshoot of the
overprovision of fishing boats and illegal
logging as a result of replacing boats)
-Apply stringent restrictions on the logging
of Red Lawa’an
-Enforce policy to regulate aquaculture
industry to protect mangroves
Destruction of mangroves as a Include mangrove in the insurance PCIC
natural shield to storm surge/sea packages under the PCIC
level rise
67
Governance
Responsible Agency/
Institution
Ambiguity in the enforcement of -Formulate IRR
the No Build Zone Policy -Review the Building Code in light of
Yolanda
No land use planning/need to Issue directive for the mandatory review of
redevelop hard-hit areas CLUPs of all Yolanda-affected areas
Increase coverage of declared Include Borongan as Yolanda-affected NDRRMC, RDRRMC
disaster areas (Borongan)
Lack of logistics during big Formulate a policy adopting Catbalogan NDRRMC, RDRRMC
disasters City as Alternative Logistics Hub
Vulnerability of structures to -Craft policy for mandatory disaster-resilient RDRRMC, DILG, RDC
disasters structural designs for government office
buildings, schools, hospitals and health
facilities, socialized housing units
-Impose mandatory insurance of
government properties including structures
and equipment
Weak DRRM system/lack of -Amend/add defective/lacking provisions in NDRRMC
capacity to respond to disasters Republic Act 10121 (DRRM Law), including
the creation of DRRMO plantilla positions
-Institutionalize recognition and incentives
system for good-performing LGUs on in
DRRM (providing eligibility and access to
financial assistance/ reward through DILG)
-Institutionalize DRRM Operations Centers,
evacuation centers, among others
-Formulate policy on adopt-a-sister agency/
LGU for quick response to another agency/
LGU
In-migration (LGU capacity to Identify/validate housing program NHA, HLURB, LGUs
host) beneficiaries
Breakdown of law and order Enhance police presence and assistance PNP, AFP
Submitted reports from MLGUs Conduct field validation/fast-track PDNA OCD
are delayed and often bloated or
underreported
Lack of manpower due -Relax requirements/ policies that hinder CSC, DBM
to Rationalization Plan immediate filling up of vacancies
implementation -Job outsourcing
Lack of service vehicles and office Emergency purchase of service vehicles and All affected agencies
equipment for rehabilitation and office equipment
recovery efforts
Personal difficulties encountered -Stress debriefing CSC, DBM
by government personnel -Grant of assistance for repair of houses,
among other recovery needs
No allocation/budget for project Include in the expanded rehabilitation plan All implementing
management and M&E agencies
Communication constraints to -Provide communication allowance for All implementing
Region VIII outside of Tacloban mobile phones agencies
City (telephone, internet) -Immediate repair communication facilities/
assist private sector
68
Responsible Agency/
Institution
Management of logistics Revisit the Management of Donations OCD
(A.O. 2008-0017) and Guidelines on the
Acceptance and processing of Foreign
and Local Donations During Emergency
and Disaster Situations (A.O. 2007-0017)
by all concerned agencies, both local and
international
Taxation difficulties -LGUs to grant amnesty on delinquent real LGUs
property taxes due on agricultural lands
-BIR and LGUs Suspend penalties and BIR, LGUs
surcharges on late tax payments including
tax audits by the BIR and LGUs
-Allow duty-free importation of farm DOF, BOC
equipment, fertilizer, vehicles, parts and
other related farm and mill equipment and
machineries
-Extend 45-day period to report damage to DOF, BIR
6 months
-Suspend collection of the withholding taxes
for 1 year
-Exempt from the coverage of E-VAT all
purchases of spare parts, fertilizer and
chemicals, warehouse and motorpool
materials, farm equipment and vehicles
and materials for the repair of factories/
processing plants during the rehabilitation
and rebuilding period in Yolanda-devastated
areas
-Since there is no exemption of business LGUs
permit, real property taxes, and ECF,
payment must be staggered for a year
69
sulhog
Eastern Visayas Yolanda Reconstruction Plan
National Economic and Development Authority

Regional Office No. VIII
Government Center, Palo, Leyte
http://nro8.neda.gov.ph
nro8@neda.gov.ph
63.53.323.3092

SULHOG-EV Yolanda Reconstruction Plan

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sulhog

Eastern Visayas Yolanda Reconstruction Plan

SULHOG is the local term for “ray of light.”

RDC VIII Resolution No. 7, Series of 2014

APPROVING THE EASTERN VISAYAS YOLANDA

NOW THEREFORE, be it RESOLVED, as it is hereby RESOLVED, to approve the Eastern Visayas

Certified true and correct: Attested/Approved:

ERNESTO T. OCTAVIANO BONIFACIO G. UY

Table 1. Projected GRDP Growth Rates: 2013-2016 22

Figure 1. Tracks of the Three Typhoons 13

National Line Agencies

Local Government Units

State Universities and Colleges

Private organizations and individuals

Charlie David Martinez

How was this Plan prepared?

What is in this Plan? sulhog presents a comparison of the socio-economic conditions of

Photo Credit: www.chicagotribune.com

Figure 1. Tracks of the Three Typhoons

Source: Mahar Lagmay, DOST-PAGASA

Figure 2. Path of Supertyphoon Yolanda

Photo Credit: www.america.aljazeera.com

Figure 3. Eastern Visayas Household Population by Sex and Age: 2010

Underlying Causes of Poverty

1. Weak and Slow Economic Growth

The economic contraction of the region in 2012 is attributable to several factors.

Source: NSCB Source: NSCB

Figure 7. Provincial Shares to Total Agricultural Production: 2012

2. High Underemployment Rate

3. Persistent Insurgency in Samar Island

4. High Vulnerability to Disasters

5. Low Human Capital

Source: NSCB Source: NSCB

Communication/Telecommunications. Cellsites in Eastern Visayas already numbered 468 in

Figure 11. Vision and Development Thrusts of Eastern Visayas

Table 1. Projected GRDP Growth Rates: 2013-2016

Meanwhile, damage to airports is estimated at PhP143.43 million with considerable damage to

Cross-Sectoral Impact and Needs

Table 6. Cross-sectoral Damage, Losses and Needs (in PhP million)

Impact to the Gross Regional Domestic Product

Table 7. Impact on 2013 GRDP

An increase in public expenditure is expected because of the reconstruction and rehabilitation

Table 8. Impact of Yolanda on Poverty Incidence Among Population2

Labor and Employment

Table 9. Eastern Visayas Labor and Employment: July 2013

Termination of employees due to shutdown of business establishments and/or retrenchment is one

Table 10. Number of Affected Workers in Industry and Services by City/Province

Table 11. Number of Affected Workers in AHFF by Province

3 PSA-NSCB 2013 3rd and 4th Quarter Statwatch

Photo Credit: DA VIII

Basic Guiding Principle: Triple B – Build Back Better

4. LGU implementation of R&R interventions shall be supported with capacity development to

5. R&R should pursue inclusiveness and sustainable livelihood so as to address poverty.

6. Implementation at both levels should be adapted to government systems, wherein ways to

Reconstruction of damaged infrastructure. All of the aforementioned priority interventions

Complete List of All Interventions

1. Strict implementation of policy standards on transport infrastructure projects

Specific Programs, Projects and Activities by Sub-sector

1. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of damaged roads and bridges

Repair/rehabilitation of flood control structures including drainage systems, seawalls

1. Improvement of open drainage system

1. Repair/rehabilitation of damaged national and communal irrigation systems

1. Repair/rehabilitation/construction of damaged school buildings

1. Restoration of farming communities