ENGR 213 A: Statics

Fall 2010
Homework Set # 13
DUE: Wednesday 12/08/2010

7.31, 7.39, 7.46, 7.x1, 7.x2

 7.x For the beam and loading shown, (a) draw the shear and
bending-moment diagrams, (b) determine the maximum
absolute values of the shear and bending moment.

SOLUTION

Reactions. Consider the entire beam as a free body. By symmetry,

we have R A  R D  wL / 4

7. Internal Forces. It is seen that there are three segments,

AB, BC and CD, in which the applied loads do not
1 2 3 change suddenly. We need three FBD’s to get the shear
RA RD and bending-moment diagrams.

Segment AB. Consider the portion of beam, from the end A to an

M arbitrary point 1 in AB, as a free body:
 Fy  0 : wL / 4  V  0 V = wL/4◄
x V  M 1  0 :  ( wL / 4)( x)  M  0 M=

wL/4 w(xL/4) (wL/4)x◄

At point A: VA = wL/4 MA = 0
x L At point B: VB = wL/4 MB = wL2/16

2 8
M Segment BC. Consider the portion of beam, from end A to an
B arbitrary point 2 in BC, as a free body. The part of the distributed
load acting on the free body is replaced by its resultant,
V  Fy  0 : wL / 4  w( x  L / 4)  V  0 V = w(L/2
x
wL/4 MV x)◄
wL L x L
M2  0: 
4
( x)  [ w( x  )](  )  M  0
4 2 8
x M = w( x2/2 + Lx/2  L2/32) ◄
wL At point B: VB = wL/4 MB = wL2/16
V wL/4 At point C: VC = wL/4 MC = wL2/16
4
Segment CD. Consider the portion of beam, from the end D to an
arbitrary point 3 in CD, as a free body:
 Fy  0 : V  wL / 4  0 V= 
wL/4◄
wL  M 3  0 :  M  wL( L  x) / 4  0 M=
3wL2 
M 4 wL(Lx)/4 ◄
32
At point C: VC = wL/4 MC = wL2/16
wL2 wL2
At point B: VD = wL/4 MD = 0
16 16
b. Maximum Absolute Values of V and M. It is easy to see that
the maximum absolute value of V occurs on AB and CD, which is
A B C D
|V |max = wL/4 on AB and CD ◄

and |M |max occurs at the center of the beam (x = L/2)

 |M |max =| w( x2/2 + Lx/2  L2/32)|x = L/2
|M|max = 3wL2/32 at center◄

Note. If we had used x1 as a distance from point A, x2 from point B and x3 from point C, as shown, to
calculate the internal forces in each segment, the answer would have been

x1 x2 x3

 wL L
 4 In AB : 0  x1 
4
 wL L
V    wx 2 In BC : 0  x 2 
 4 2
 wL L
In CD : 0  x3 
 4 4


 wL x In AB : 0  x1 
L
 4 1 4
 
 x 2 Lx L2  L
M  w  2  2  In BC : 0  x 2 
 16 
  2 4 2
  Lx L2  L
 w  3  In CD : 0  x3 
  4 16  4
 
 7.x For the beam and loading shown, (a) draw the
shear and bending moment diagrams, (b)
determine the maximum absolute values of the
shear and bending moment.

SOLUTION

Reactions. Consider the entire beam as a free body.

 M1  0 :
 (60 kN)(2 m)  (25 kN/m)(2 m)(4 m)  R B (6 m)  0
1 2 3 RB = 64 kN
RA RB  Fy  0 : R A  60 kN  (25 kN/m)  RB  0
RA = 46 kN
M
7. Internal Forces. It is seen that there are three
segments, AC, CD and DB, in which the applied
x V loads do not change suddenly.
46 kN
x L Segment AC. Consider the portion of beam, from the end A to
 an arbitrary point 1 in AC, as a free body:
2 8 M

 Fy  0 : 46 kN  V  0 V = 46
V 25(5x) kN◄
x
5 x  M1  0 :  ( 46 kN)( x)  M  0
46 kN
2 M = 46x kNm◄
MV
At point A: VA = 46 kN MA = 0
At point C: VC = 46 kN MC = 92
x kN·m

V(kN) Segment CD. Consider the portion of beam, from end A to an

64 kN
46 arbitrary point 2 in CD, as a free body.

 Fy  0 : 46 kN  64 kN  V  0 V = 14
x
kN◄
14 M2  0:  ( 46 kN )( x)  (60 kN)( x  2)  M  0
M = 14x +120 kNm◄
M(kNm) 64 At point C: VC = 14 kN MC = 92
92 kN·m
78 At point D: VD = 14 kN MD = 78
kN·m
parabola
Segment DB. Consider the portion of beam, from the end B to
an arbitrary point 3 in DB, as a free body:

x  Fy  0 : V  (25 kN/m)(5  x)  64 kN  0
A C D B
V =  25x + 61 kN◄
M3  0 :
 M  (25 )(5  x)(5  x) / 2  (64 )(5  x)  0
 M = 12.5x2 +61x7.5 kNm◄
At point D: VD = 14 kN MD = 78 kN·m
At point B:VB = 64 kN MB = 0 kN·m

b. Maximum Absolute Values of V and M. It is easy to see that the maximum absolute value of V and
M occur at B and C, respectively,
|V |max = 64 kN ◄
|M|max = 92 kNm ◄

Note. If we had used x1 as a distance from point A, x2 from point C and x3 from point D, as shown, to
calculate the internal forces in each segment, the answer would have been

x1 x2 x3

 46 In AC : 0  x1  2 m

V ( kN)    14 In CD : 0  x 2  1 m
 25 x  14 In DB : 0  x3  2 m
 3

 46 x1 In AC : 0  x1  2 m

M (kN  m)   92  14 x 2 In CD : 0  x 2  1 m
 12.5 x 2  14 x  78 In DB : 0  x3  2 m
 3 3
 7.x Assuming the upward reaction of the ground on beam AB
to be uniformly distributed, (a) draw the shear and
bending-moment diagrams, (b) determine the maximum
absolute values of the shear and bending moment.

SOLUTION

Reactions. Consider the entire beam as a free body.

 Fy  0 : w g (12 ft )  (3 kips/ft)(6 ft )  0 wg = 1.5
kips/ft
wg
1 2 3 7. Internal Forces. It is seen that there are three
segments, AC, CD and DB, in which the applied loads
do not change suddenly.
M
Segment AC. Consider the portion of beam, from the end A to an
arbitrary point 1 in AC, as a free body:
x V  Fy  0 : 1.5 x kips  V  0 V = 1.5x
2 1.5x kips◄
x 3(x3)
x 3  M1  0 : (1.5 x kips)( x / 2)  M  0
2
2 M = 0.75x kipft◄
At point A: VA = 0 MA = 0
M
At point C: VC = 4.5 kips MC = 6.75
kip·ft
V
1.5x Segment CD. Consider the portion of beam, from end A to an
x arbitrary point 2 in CD, as a free body.
MV  Fy  0 : 1.5 x  3( x  3)  V  0 V = 1.5x + 9
kips◄
x x3
12  x M2  0:  1.5 x( )  3( x  3)
2 2
M 0
x 2
M =  0.75x2 + 9x 13.5 kipft◄
1.5(12x)
At point C: VC = 4.5 kips MC = 6.75
V(kips) kip·ft
4.5
At point D: VD = 4.5 kips MD =
6.75 kip·ft

x Segment DB. Consider the portion of beam, from the end B to an

arbitrary point 3 in DB, as a free body:
 Fy  0 : V  (1.5 kips/ft)(12  x )  0
4.5
M(kipft) V = 1.5x  18 kips◄
12  x
13.5  M 3  0 :  M  1.5 (12  x) 0
2
M = 0.75x2  18x+ 108 kipft◄
6.75 6.75 At point D: VD = 4.5 kips MD =
6.75 kip·ft
At point B: VB = 0 MB = 0
x
A C D B
b. Maximum Absolute Values of V and M. It is easy to see that the maximum absolute value of V
occurs at C and D,

|V |max = 4.50 kips ◄

and |M|max occurs at the center of the beam (x = 6 ft)

|M|max = | 0.75x2 + 9x 13.5|x=6 |M|max = 13.50 kipft ◄

Note. If we had used x1 as a distance from point A, x2 from point C and x3 from point D, as shown, to
calculate the internal forces in each segment, the answer would have been

x1 x2 x3

1.5 x1 In AC : 0  x1  3 ft

V ( kips)    1.5 x 2  4.5 In CD : 0  x 2  6 ft
1.5 x  4.5 In DB : 0  x3  3 ft
 3

 0.75 x12 In AC : 0  x1  3 ft

M (kip  ft)    0.75 x 22  4.5 x 2  6.75 In CD : 0  x 2  6 ft
0.75 x 2  4.5 x  6.75 In DB : 0  x3  3 ft
 3 3
7.x Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams for the
beam and loading shown.

SOLUTION

Reactions. From the equilibrium of the entire beam,

M A  0: R B  6  30  (9  2)  1  0 R B  2 kN
 Fy  0 : R A  18  RB  0 R A  20 kN

Internal Forces. It is seen that there are three segments, AC, CD and
DB, in which the applied loads are continuous. We need three FBD’s
to get the shear and bending-moment diagrams.

Segment AC. We determine the internal forces at a distance x from

point A by considering the portion of beam to the left of point 1. The
part of the distributed load acting on the free body is replaced by its
resultant, and we write

 Fy  0 : RA  V  9x  0
V = 20  9x◄
 M1  0 : M  R A x  9 x  ( x / 2)  0
M = 20x  4.5x2◄
At point A: VA = 20 kN MA = 0
At point C: VC = 2 kN MC = 22 kN·m

Segment CD. Considering the portion of beam to the left of point 2 as

a free body:

 Fy  0 : R A  18  V  0 , V = 2◄
M2  0: M  R A x  18( x  1)  0
M = 18 + 2x◄
At point C: VC = 2 kN MC = 22 kN·m
At point D: VD = 2 kN MD = 26 kN·m

Segment DB. Considering the portion of beam to the right of point 3:

 Fy  0 : V  RB  0

V = 2◄
M3  0 :  M  R B (6  x )  0
M = 2x  12◄
At point D: VD = 2 kN MD = 4 kN·m
At point B: VB = 2 kN MB = 0
Note. If we had used x1 as a distance from point A, x2 from point C and x3 from point D, as shown, to
calculate the internal forces in each segment, the answer would have been

x1 x2 x3

20  9 x1 In AC : 0  x1  2 m

V (kN)   2 In CD : 0  x 2  2 m
2 In DB : 0  x3  2 m


20 x1  4.5 x12 In AC : 0  x1  2 m


M ( kN  m)   2 x 2  22 In CD : 0  x 2  2 m
 2x  4 In DB : 0  x3  2 m
 3
7.x2 (20 points) For the beam and loading shown,
(a) obtain the expressions for the shear and bending moment curves, and draw the shear and
bending-moment diagrams, and
(b) determine the maximum absolute values of the shear and bending moment.

SOLUTION

Statics: From the FBD of the entire beam, we have

 M A  0 : 16 RD  40  4  80  12  0
R D  70 kips
MD  0:  16 R A  40  12  80  4  0
R A  50 kips

a. Shear and Bending Moments. There are three segments, AB, BC,
and CD, in which the applied loads do not have a sudden change.

Segment AB. Consider the portion of beam, from the end A of the
beam to an arbitrary point 1 in AB, as a free body:
 Fy  0 : R A  V  0 V = 50 kips◄
 M1  0 : M  RA x  0 M = 50x kipft◄
At point A: VA = 50 kips MA = 0
At point B: VB = 50 kips MB = 200 kip·ft

Segment BC. Consider the portion of beam, from the end A of the
beam to an arbitrary point 2 in BC, as a free body:
 Fy  0 : R A  40  V  0 V = 10 kips◄
 M 1  0 : M  R A x  40( x  4)  0 M=10x +160 kipft ◄
At point B: VB = 10 kips MB = 200 kip·ft
At point C: VC = 10 kips MC = 240 kip·ft

Segment CD. Consider the portion of beam, from the end A of the
beam to an arbitrary point 3 in CD, as a free body:
 Fy  0 : V  10(16  x)  RD  0 V = 9010x kips◄
 M 1  0 : RD (16  x)  10(16  x)[(16  x) / 2]  M  0
M = 5x2 + 90x 160 kipft ◄
At point C: VC = 10 kips MC = 240 kip·ft
At point D: VD = 70 kips MD = 0

b. Maximum Absolute Values of V and M. It is easy to see that the

maximum absolute value of V occurs at C and D,
|V |max = 70 kips ◄

and |M|max occurs at point F in segment CD where dM/dx=0 (or the

shear is zero). at the center of the beam (x = 6 ft)

dMCD/dx = d(5x2 + 90x 160)/dx = 90 10x = 0 xF = 9 ft

Therefore
 |M|max = |(5x2 + 90x 160)x=9|
|M|max = 245 kipft ◄
Note. If we had used x1 as a distance from point A, x2 from point B and x3 from point C, as shown, to
calculate the internal forces in each segment, the answer would have been

x1 x2 x3

50 In AB : 0  x1  4 ft

V (kips)  10 In BC : 0  x 2  4 ft
 10 x  10 In CD : 0  x3  8 ft
 3

50 x1 In AB : 0  x1  4 ft

M (kip  ft)  10 x 2  240 In BC : 0  x 2  4 ft
 5 x 2  10 x  240 In CD : 0  x3  8 ft
 3 3