58 Anno.tricefimo fecundo HEnriti VII, [19.4.0 ‘them, (hall caufe to be brent, or otherwifé deftroy the Ame, as ‘The forfeiture they'{hall think meet by their difcretion; (4) and if the faid ohne pate, apothecaries, os any of them, at is nse tas eats da obit ye OF wil or the faid four perfons yearly electe fee? and aes oe before fad, to unter into their aid houfe or fearched. _ houles for the caufes, intent and purpofe before rehearfed ; that 1M. ft.2.c.9- then they and every of them fo offending contrary to this aé&t, ‘for every time that he or they do fo offend, to forfeit C.s. (5) the one half to your Majefty, and the other half to him . will fue for the fame by a@ion of debt, bill, plaint or inform‘a- tion, in any of the King’s courts, wherein no wager of law, effoint ‘Theforfeiture or protection fhall be allowed, (6) and if the faid four perforss, of fuch as be- or any of them, fo elected and chofen as before is faid, do re= tegen rete fufe to be fworn, or after his faid oath to him or them admi= to be form piftred, do obftinately refute to inake the faid fearch and view fearch. ence in the year, at fuch time as they (hall think moft conveni+ ent by their difcretions, having no lawful impediment by fick= nefs, or otherwife, to the contrary; that then for every fuch wilful and obftinate default, every of the faid four perfons mak+ ing default to forfeit forty fhillings. Any of the II. And forafmuch a8 the fcience of Phyfick doth compre= phyficians i hend, include and contain the knowledge of furgery, asa fhe~ prahie furs cial member and part of the fame; therefore be it enatted, gery. ‘That any of the faid company of fellowthip of phyficians, be- ing able, chofen and admitted by the faid prefident and fellow thip of phyficians, may from timne to time, as well within the city of London, as eewhere within this realm, prattife and ex= ercife the faid fcience of phyfick ih all and every his members and parts; any nt, ftatute or provifion mad¢ to the contrary notwithftanding, CAP. XLI. REP. a1. Jac. Which inholders may bake horfe-bread within thelr houfe, 3G an. notwithftanding the ftatutes of 13 R. 2. Sigt. 1. ¢. 8. and 4H he, 255 CAP. XLII. Fer barbers and furgeons, ‘Theauthority “HE King our fovercign lord, by the advice of the lords fpirituat and liberties and temporal, and thé commons, in this prefent parliament af- otbarbersand fembled, and by the authority of the fame, by all their common affents, forgeonsin “duly pondering, among otber things ‘neceflary for the common wealth of ing made of this realm, that it is very expedient and needful to provide for men one company. expert in the feience of ahyfick and furgery, for the tealth of man’s ¥8Geo. 3." bady, when infirmities avd ficknefs pall happen, for the due exercife & 5 and maintenance wobereof gid and necefarg afts be already made and provided ; (2) yet nevertbelefi, forafmuch as within the city of Lon- don, where mén of great experience, as well in [peculation as in prac- tice of the feience and faculty of furgery, be abiding and inbabiting, and have more commonly the' daily exercife and experience of the fame Stience of fargery, than is had cr'ufed withia other parts of this rim 7 2 gn1540.] Ammo tricefimo fecundo Henatcr VIII. 59 and by escafion thereof many expert perfons be brought up under them 5 ther mine vat and ee who by the meni and dili- gett information of their faid moffers, as well wow as hereafter, foall sertife the faid frience within divers other parts of this realm, to the great relief, comfort and fuccour of much people, and ta the fure fafe- ard of their bodily bealtb, their limbs and lives ; (3) and forajmuch By whom, as within the faid city of London there be now two feveral and dif- and at what tind) companies of furgeons, eccupying and exercifing the faid feience and time barbers faculty vf fargo, the one company being called "The barbers of Lon- oonccr. don, and the other company called The furgeons of London} (4),porate. which company of barbers be incorporated to fue and to be fued by ti same of mafters or governors of the myftery or sommonalty of the bar- bers of London, by virtue and authority of the letters patents under the great Jeal of the late King of famous memory, King Edward the Furth, ‘dated ot Weltminfter the four and twentieth day of February in the firf? year of bis reign, which afterward, as well by cur now moft dread fever eign lordasby the right nobleand virtuous prince King Hency the feventh, father unto the King’s excellent high~ nfs now being, were be confirmed, as by fus Letters patents thereof made, amongft other things in the fame contained, more at large may appear; (5) and the other company, calléd the furgeons, be not incorporate, nor have any manner of corporation; (6) whith two rhe benefit Several and diftin8 companies of furgeons were neceffary to be united, like toenfue and made one body incorporate, to the intent that by their union and by joining the efien afembly together, the goed and due order, exercie and knowledge barbers asd of the Jaid feience or fei af Sergery, Meal by at ll in peu aes tion as in pradtice, both to themfelves and all other their {aia fervants and apprentices, now and hereafter to be brought up 1, and 4 their learnings and diligent and ripe informations, more perfetty Speedy and cffeétual remedy fbould be, than it bath been, or foould be if? the faid two companies of barbers and furgeons fbould continue fevered ofinder, and not joined together, as they before this time have been, and ufed themfelves, not medling together ; (7) wherefore in confi- deration of the premiffes, be it enacted fy the King our fove- ttign lord, and by the lords fpiritual and temporal, ‘and by the commons, in this prefent parliament aflembled, and by the au- thority of the fame, That the {aid two feveral and dittin& com- rye harbere panies of furgeons, that is to fay, both the barbers and the fur- and fargeons feos, and every perfon of them, being a freeman of ether tof tpnten the fad companies, after the cuftom of the faid city of London, made one and their fucceffors, from henceforth immediately be united Feu seeatee le and made one entire and whole body corporate, and one com- ""P monalty perpetual, which at all times hereafter (hall be called the name of maffers or governors of the myftery and comminalty of barbers and furgeons of London, for evermore, and by none other name ; (8) and by the fame name to implead and be im- pleaded before all manner of juftices, in all courts, in all man- ner of ations and fuits ; (g)'and alfo to purchafe, enjoy, and totake to them and to their fucceffors, all manner of ands, tenements, rents and other poffeffions, whatfoever they be; (10) and alfo fhall haye 2 common fal, ta ferve for the bilinete ti60 -Anno tricefimo fecundo Henricr VI. = [15.40. ‘of the faid company and corporation for ever ; (11) and by the | fame name peaceably, quietly and indefeafably {hall have, | poflefs and enjoy to them, and to their fucceffors for ever, all | fuch lands and tenements, and other hereditaments whatfoever, which the faid company or commonalty of barbers have and en- joy tothe ufe of the faid myftery and commonalty of barbers of ‘Landon 5 (2) and alfo thall peaceably and quietly have and enjoy all and fingular benefices, grants, liberties, privileges, franchifes . and free cuftoms, and alfo all manner of other things at any time given or granted urito the faid companies of barbers or fur- geons, by whatfoever name or names they or any of them were called, and which they or any of them now have, or any of their predeceffors have had, by acts of parliament, letters patents of the King’s highnefs, or other his moft noble progenitors, or otherwife by any other lawful means have had at any time afore this prefent aét, in as large and ample manner and form, as they or any of them have, had, might or fhould’ enjoy the fame; this union or conjunétion of the faid companies to- gether notwithttanding; (13) and as largely to have and enjoy the premiffes, as if the fame were and had been fpecially and particularly expreffed and declared with the beft and moft cleareft The barbers. words and terms in the law, to all intents and purpofes ; (14) and fargeont and that all perfons of the faid company now incorporate by empt from. this prefent aét, and their fucceffors, that fhall be lawfully ad~ bearing of _ mitted and approved to occupy furgery, after the form of the arms, or fo be ftatute in that cafe ordained ‘and provided, fhall be exempt in watchesor from bearing of armour, or to be put in any watches or inquefts; net. ¢. (15) and that they and thejr' fucceffors thall have the fearch, fof. 7-2. 7. overfight, punifhment and correétion, as well of freemen as of foreigners, for fuch offences as they or any of them thall com- mit or do againft the good order of barbery or furgery, as afore this time among the faid myftery and company of barbers of London hath been uled and accuftomed, according to the good and politick rules and ordinances by them made, and approved by the lord chancellor, treafurer and two chief juftices of either bench, or any three of them, after the form of the ftatute in thar “ cafe odin and provid d. acd by the authority aforeuia TI, And further it enac y the authority aforefaid, wey ie That the faid matters or governors of the myftery and com: yearly four monalty of barbers and furgeons of London, and their fucceffors condemned yearly tor ever, after their fad diferetions, at their free liberty Pettonicn and pleafure, thall and may have and take without contradiction * four perfons condemned, adjudged, and put to death for felony by the due order of the King’s laws of this realm, for anatomies, without any further fuit or labour to be made to the King’s highnefs, his heirs or fucceffors for the fame ;"(2) and to make incifion of the fame dead bodies, or otherwife to order the fame after their faid difcretions at their pleafures, for their further and Letter knowledge, inftruéticn, infight, learning ane experience in the faid fcience or faculty of furgery ; (3) faving unto all per~ fons, their heirs and fucceffors, all fuch right, title, intereft and demand, which they or any of them might lawfully claimer ave1540.] Anno tricefimo fecundo Henrict VIII. 6s have in or to any of the lands and tenements, with the appur- tenances, belonging unto the faid company of barbers and fur- geons, or any of them, at any time afore the making of this act, in as ample manner and form as they or any of them had or ought to have had heretofore ; any thing in this prefent a& com- prifed to the contrary hereof in any wife notwithffanding. ILL. And forafmuch as fuch perfons ufing the myflery or faculty of No barber in Surgery, gens meddle and take inta their cuces and houfes fuch London thall fuk and difeafed perfons as been infeéted with the pefilence, great pox, © SEY» ‘and fuch ather contagious infirmities, do ufe or exercife barbery, as ug or Joaving, or other feats thereunto belonging, which is very perilous for infefting the King’s liege people reforting to their foops and boujes, there being wafbed or fbaven: (2) wherefore it is now enacted, ordained and provided by the authority aforefaid, "That no manner of perfon within the city of London, fuburbs of the fame, and one mile compafs of the faid city of London, after the fealt of the nativity of our Lord God next coming, ufing bar bery or having, or that hereafter hall ufe any barbery or fhav- ing within the faid city of London, fuburbs, or one mile circuit of the fame city of London, he nor they, nor none other. for. thenr, to his or their ufe, fhall occupy any furgery, letting of blood, or-any other thing belonging to furgery; drawing of teeth only except.’ (3) And furthermore in like manner, who- nor any far- foever that ufeth the myftery or craft of furgery within the cir- geon of Lon- cuit aforefaid, as long as he fhall fortune to ufe the faid myitery 40n le bars or craft of furgery, fhall in no wife occupy nor exercife the feat °°” . or craft of barbery or fhaving, neither by himfelf, nor by none other for him, to his or their ufe: (4) and moreover, that all Every furgeom manner of perfons ufing furgery for the time being, as well of London freemen as foreigners, aliens and ftrangers within the faid city fvall havea of Landon, the {aburbs thereof, and one mile compals of the (St M* faid city of London, before the feaft of St. Michael the archangel °° next coming, fhall have an open fign on the ftreet-fide where they fhall fortune to dwell, that all the King’s liege people there paffing by, may know at all times whither to refort for * remedies in time of neceffity. IV. And further be it enaéted by the authority aforefaid, None thall be That no manner of perfon, after the faid featt of St. Michael * barber mn the archangel next coming, prefume to keep any fhop of bar- a trecman of bery or thaving within the city of London, except he be a free- that company. man of the fame corporation and company. V. And furthermore at fuch ‘times heretofore accuftomed, Four waxiens there thall be chofen by the fame company four mafters or go- {fall be eho. Yernors of the fame corporation or company, of the which four, suhority. two of them fhall be expert in furgery, and the other two in barbery; (2) which four mafters, and every of them, thall have full power and authority from time to time, during their faid office, to have the overfight, fearch, punithment and corredtion , ofall fuch defaults and inconveniencies as thall be found among the faid company ufing barbery or furgery, as wall cf Srcemen * as foreigners, aliens or ftrangers, within the city of Londan.and the *62 Anno tricefimo fecundo Hennici VIN. = [ 1540. Fld ee the sirens aforefaid, he their faid stleeesions : (3) and if ures of of- any perfon or perfons any barbery or fargery, at any time fender. beeafter offend in any sheds ancl sforefaid, that then for | every month the faid perfons fo offending hail lofe, forfeit and pay v li. the one moiety thereofto the King our fovercign lord, and the ether moiety to any perfon that wilt or fhall fue there- fore by aétion of debt, bill, Paine or information in any the | King’s courts, wherein no wager of law, effoin or protection fhall be admitted or allowed in the fame. $ VI. Provided that the faid barbers and furgeons, and every of them, fhall bear and pay lot and fcot, and fuch other char- ges as they and their predeceffors have been accuftomed to pay within the faid city of London ; this act, nor any thing therein contained to the contrary hereof in any wife otwithitanding. ‘Any pera VII, Provided alway, and be it enacted by authority may keep a aforefaid, That it thalt be lawful to any of the King’s fabjects, on ashis not being barber or furgeon, to retain, have and keep in his ant. houfe as hie fervant, any perfon being a barber or furgeon, which thall and may ufe and exercife thofe arts and faculties of barbery or furgery, or either of them, in his mafter’s honfe, or elfewhere by his matter’s licence or commandment; any thing in this a¢t above written to the contrary notwithftanding CAP. XLIIL An ab concerning fhe county palatine of Chefter for foire- lays. RE it is enatted' and efablifoed in the xxvij. year of our shes W Jovervign lord the Ring that row is, as well for the inereafé ner thire-days and augmentation of good rule and order to be had and done in the in the county county palatine of Chefter, and other fhires, as for the adminiffration of Chetter had of jujtice among the King’s fubjeéts there, That the lord chancellor of Rept. ngland, or the lord keeper of the great feal for the time being, foall have authority from time to time to nominate and appoint juftices oj peace, juftices of quorum, and juftices of gaol-delivery, as well with in the faid county palatine of Chelter, and other fires and parts of - Wales, by commiffion under the King’s greot foal; (2) which perfons fo named foall have fall power and authority'to enquire, hear and de- - ‘termine all manner thing and things ingutrable, prefintable, or de- terminable before juffices of peace, juftices of quorum, and juftices of gaol-delivery'in otker fhires of this realm of England, and to do, ufe and execute every thing and things as other juflices of peace, quorum, and gaol-delivery, do in other foires of England, (3) and that they foall keep she feos there, as they do in other foires of England, * “upon like penalty as hath been ordained for fuch abufes in fuch juftices in other fires of England; any lew, aét, flatute, ufage, cuflom, privilege, prefeription or liberty to the contrary thereof im any wife ‘norwithRanding, as in the faid flatute made in the faid xxvij. year, amongft other things mare plainly appeareth : (4) by reafin aati a8 it is now ufed to keep feffions in the faid county palatine of Chefter, as it is ufed in other foires of England. (5) Ajo it is ufed in the Said county palatine of Chefter, that the jupiter of the fame for the time