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17
18 Polymer Characterization
Atmosphere
Control
Furnace
Temperature Recorder
Programmer
Temperature
Sensor Recording
Balance
Balance
Control
The DSC measures the power (heat energy per unit time) differential
between a small weighed sample of polymer (ea. 10 mg) in a sealed
aluminum pan referenced to an empty pan in order to maintain a zero
temperature differential between them during programmed heating and
cooling temperature scans. The technique is most often used for
characterizing the T,, T,, T,, and heat of fusion of polymers (Figure 3).
The technique can also be used for studying the kinetics of chemical
reactions, e.g., oxidation and decomposition. The conversion of a
measured heat of fusion can be converted to a % crystallinity provided,
of course, the heat of fusion for the 100% crystalline polymer is known.
I
crystalline melting
oxidation/
glass transition crystallization
(onset)
\ I area =
onset
+
Heating scan
(typically 2OWmin)
c /
exo -
-
Cooling scan
TEMPERATURE II
+
i
l Important characteristics: Ts , T,,, , heat of fusion on heating; Tc on cooling E
2v1’
clamps