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a genetic disease or disorder is encoded in the DNA of the subject and inherited
from their parents, as opposed to being inflicted by an invading pathogen
DNA is made out of 4 different nucleotides: A, C, G, & T
point mutations involve a change in one letter of the DNA codes
repeat expansion diseases involve a short sequence of DNA that is repeated
unnecessarilly
can make normally soluable proteins insoluable, and cause them to stick together
an atom is the smallest unit of matter that still maintains the properties of an
element
the mass number is the sum of the protons + the sum of the neutrons in units of
daltons
atmoic mass is the atom's total mass
the number of neutrons is the atomic mass minus the atomic number
the formation and function of molecules depends on the chemical bonding between
atoms
atoms with incomplete valence shells can share or trancfer calence elections with
cetanin other atoms
these interactions usually result in atoms staying close together, held by
attractions called chemical bonds