Davy Sukamta, Principal, DS&P

STATE-
STATE-OF-
OF-PRACTICE OF
SEISMIC DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION IN
INDONESIA
ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

Aceh Earthquake Mw=9.1

(December, 2004)

Nias Earthquake Mw=8.6

(March, 2005)

Why does the current code require improvements ?

Jambi EarthquakeMw=6.6
Padang Earthquake Mw=7.6
(Sept, 2009) (Oct, 2009)
1. To considers recent great earthquakes in Indonesia

Tasik Earthquake Mw=7.4 Yogya Earthquake

(Sept, 2009) Mw=6.3 (May, 2006)

USGS
ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

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Current Indonesian Seismic Code and Design Practice
Updating the Seismic Code (SNI 03-1726-2012)
Performance-Based Seismic Design in Indonesia
Base Isolation System in Jakarta
Summary
1970 : Indonesian Loading Code – N.I-18
1983 : Seismic Resistant Design for
Buildings, Code of Practice
2002 : Code on Seismic Resistant Design
for Buildings, SNI 03-1726-2002
2012: New Seismic Resistant Design Code

ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

C1 I
V= WT
R

C1 I
V= WT
R
ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

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HAL – HAL YANG PERLU DIPERHATIKAN DALAM CAPACITY DESIGN :

Dengan mekanisme sendi plastic, struktur bangunan harus dapat

berotasi dan tidak gagal getas

Sti

1a. Mekanisme yang diinginkan 1b. Mekanisme yang tidak diinginkan

pembatasan jarak sengkang, luasan

tulangan, confinement dan konfigurasi
sengkang Stirrup Configuration
Strong column weak beam Confinement

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 Force Reduction Factor R

ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

TABEL NILAI Force Reduction Factor R Higher Mode Effects

Mean NLRHA Demand

3 x DBE Demand

2 x DBE Demand

ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

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Kelemahan dalam STRENGTH-BASED S.D. UPDATING THE CODE

1. Penampang beton mempunyai kekakuan effektif tertentu,

tidak tergantung tingkat pembebanan

2. Hubungan Force-Deformation suatu penampang tertentu IBC 2011

dengan tulangan berbeda mempunyai constant stifness, dan
nilai ultimate yield rotation berbeda

3. Nilai R diambil dari tabel, tanpa melihat geometri dan

redundancy

4. Analisis elastik dilakukan pada seluruh komponen

5. Tidak ada definisi tentang Service Level EQ ASCE 7-05

ASCE 7-10
6. Tidak ada acceptance criteria yang eksplisit

ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

3 maps for 500-yr EQ and 3 for 2500-yr EQ

a.PGA
b.Spectra at 0.2 sec
c.Spectra at 1.0 sec

( Irsyam et al,2010)
ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

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 Well Identified Faults in Indonesia

( Irsyam et al,2010)

N. Sumatra 2. Aceh
N. Sulawesi 56. Sulu thrust Philippine Subduction
Subduction
3. Tripa Subduction
W. Molucca
4. Renun 8. Sumpur E. Molucca Subduction Irian
Subduction
Subduction
1.Seulimeum 5. Toru 9. Sianok 77. Manokwari trench
57. Gorontalo
74. Sorong 75. Ransiki
12. Siulak 54. Batui thrust
72. Sula-Sorong 70. Yapen
6. Angkola 13. Dikit 50. Palu-Koro
7. Barumun 14. Ketaun
53. Poso
10. Sumani 18.Semangko
11. Suliti 51. Matano
15. Musi 73. Sorong-Maluku
31. Baribis 58. Lawanopo
33. Semarang 34. Wetar back arc 78. Lowland
52. Walanae 55. Tolo thrust
S. Sumatra 16. Manna
Subduction 71. Tarera-Aidun
17. Kumering
30. Bumiayu 76. Membrano
19.Sunda 34. Jogja
36. Flores back arc Banda Sea thrust tbelt
32. Cimandiri Collision 79 Highland thrust belt
Jawa-Sumba
Subduction Timor Subduction

( Irsyam et al,2010)

ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

Many provisions of ASCE 7-10 has been included in the SNI 03-1726-2012

ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

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 Mega Column + Outriggers
New Provisions Belt Truss &
Mega Diagonal

Generating Design Response Spectrum

Seismic Design Categories

Vertical Irregularities

Horizontal Irregularities

Redundancy Factors

ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

PERFORMANCE-BASED SEISMIC DESIGN

Seismic Design of High-rise Buildings

ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

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 Earthquake Performance Level
SEAOC Vision 2000 Near
Fully Operational Operationnal Life Safe
Collapse

Frequent
Basic Objective Unacceptable Unacceptable Unacceptable
Earthquake Design Level

(43 years)

Occasional Essential/Hazardous
Basic Objective Unacceptable Unacceptable
(72 years) Objective

Rare Safety Critical Essential/Hazard

Basic Objective Unacceptable
(475 Years) Objective ous objective

Very Rare
Safety Critical Essential/Hazar
(2500 years) Not Feasible
Objective dous objective
Basic Objective
MCE

ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

No. Of Floors : 50 stories

Total Height : 250 m
Lateral Resisting System : RC core wall and outrigger
Gravity Resisting System: Flat slab with drop panel
Basement : 3 levels
Foundation system : Bored-pile
Structural Engineer : Davy Sukamta & Partners
Foundation Engineer : Davy Sukamta & Partners

DAVY SUKAMTA & PARTNERS, Structural Engineers ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

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 Basement structure is included
Model is fixed at the mat foundation level
PAKUBUWONO SIGNATURE SSI is not included

core wall
Floor-to-floor 3.85m hinge zones
RC Core wall and Outriggers, 25-55 Mpa
Wall thickness 650 mm
Outrigger Beam 3-story deep
Expected inelastic action at coupling beams, base of 3-D Nonlinear Model
core wall, both ends of outrigger columns

ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

• Analysis procedures and COUPLING BEAM

acceptance criteria: follow the

PEER TBI Guidelines
• For this case study, we use Diagonally Reinforced Composite Steel Plate

three suites of ground motions

and take the maximum value
• Selection and modification of
GM : Follow PEER GMSM
• The three GM represent
subduction, benioff and
background earthquake
ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

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 Selected Ground Motion
CHICHI RECORD
Event Characteristic Magnitude, Distance (km) Scale PGA (g) Source
Mw Factor 3-D VIEW Y-AXIS X-AXIS
Chi Chi (1999) Megathrust zone 7.62 117 5.3 0.18 PEER

Chi Chi (1999) Benioff zone 7.62 118 5.7 0.26 PEER

Imperial Shallow crustal 6.50 25 1.0 0.42 PEER

Valley(1994)

ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

IMPERIAL VALLEY RECORD

3-D VIEW Y-AXIS X-AXIS

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ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

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Fundamental principle of base isolation: modify the
response of the building so that the ground can move
below the buildings without transmitting these motion
into the building.

ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

Earthquakes can be Catastrophic and

Very Expensive Design Objectives of Base Isolation

Loma Prieta 1989 – $7 Billion

$450 Million per Second

Northridge 1994 - $30 Billion

$2 billion per second!

Kobe 1995 - $150 - $200 Billion

$7.5 billion per second!!

ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

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 4. Performance of Seismically Isolated Buildings in Tohoku Area
No structural damage in seismically Structural damage in fixed-base building
isolated building

Shear cracks on the wall

Base-isolated apartment in Sendai City Fixed-base apartment in Sendai City

No damage or turn over of furniture inside room Heavy damage inside room

Inside of a seismically Inside of a seismically Fixed-base office building in

isolated fire station isolated apartment SendaiISEMS,
City 7-8 November 2013
Copyright © 2012 Bridgestone Corporation 49

General Philosophy of Types of Seismic Isolation Bearings

Building Code Provision

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Elastomeric bearing Hysteresis Loops

Out of phase

Elastic material
vs
Viscoelastic material

ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

Harmonic behavior of Elastomeric Bearing Total Force

Modelling
the Bearing

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ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

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 ISEMS, 7-8 November 2013

Each bearing is tested in the manufacturer’s lab

Detail of RBS

Detail of Column Connection

With Full Penetration Weld

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Swing Recorder

Examples of good detailing practice

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PURI MATAHARI DJARUM HEAD OFFICE

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