Vapor Pressure Curve of Water

Here is the vapor pressure curve for water. This is the partial pressure of water vapor as a
● Pressure in atm
1 function of temperature. The boiling point is the temperature where the vapor pressure
Pressure in kPa
reaches atmospheric pressure. At sea level, this is referred to as the normal boiling point.
T (oC) T (K) P (atm) atmospheric pressure

Vapor Pressure
0 273 0.01 0.00366 5 -4.81 1 0 273 0.01 0.003663 -4.80814
25 298 0.04 0.00336
4.5 -3.31 1 25 298 0.04 0.003356 -3.30534
50 323 0.13 0.00310 4 -2.04 1 50 323 0.13 0.003096 -2.03518
75 348 0.39 0.00287 -0.95 1 75 348 0.39 0.002874 -0.94751
3.5
100 373 0.99 0.00268 -0.01 1 100 373 0.99 0.002681 -0.00564
3
125 398 2.27 0.00251 0.82 1 125 398 2.27 0.002513 0.817904
2.5
150 423 4.68 0.00236 1.54 1 150 423 4.68 0.002364 1.544103
2
1.5 100.2 1
1 DHvap = 9.7171 DSvap = 26.04 100.2 0
0.5 kcal cal
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 Temperature,
60 70 Celsius
80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

atmospheric 0 altitude = 0.0 km

pressure 1 sea level higher altitude sea level

How does the boiling point of a liquid change with altitude?

Sinex 2006
Vapor Pressure Curves and the Heat of Vaporization
Select a liqiud
water DHvap = 40.65635 kJ DSvap = 108.9514 J
transformed data

Vapor Pressure
T (oC) T (K) P (atm) 1/T (K-1) ln P atmospheric pressure
0 273 0.01 0.00366 -4.81 1
5.00 0 273 0.01 0.003663 -4.80791
25 298 0.04 0.00336 -3.31 1
4.50 25 298 0.04 0.003356 -3.30519
50 323 0.13 0.00310 -2.04 4.00
1 50 323 0.13 0.003096 -2.03508
3.50
75 348 0.39 0.00287 -0.95 1 75 348 0.39 0.002874 -0.94746
3.00
100 373 0.99 0.00268 -0.01 1
2.50 100 373 0.99 0.002681 -0.00564
125 398 2.27 0.00251 0.82 1
2.00 125 398 2.27 0.002513 0.817866
1.50
150 423 4.68 0.00236 1.54 1 150 423 4.68 0.002364 1.54403
1.00
0.50
0.00
0 25 50 75
Temperature, Celsius 100 125 150

2
1 f(x) = - 4890.1066153476x + 13.1045657926
on ln P vs. 1/T plot
0
ln P

x-intercept Tbp (K) Tbp (oC)

0.0022 0.0024 0.0026 0.00268
0.0028 0.003 0
0.0032 0.0034 0.0036 0.0038
-1
0.00268 373 100
-2
-3
equation
-4
-5
-6
1/T

Sinex 2006
 5 o
C DHvap DSvap
substance normal bp kcal kJ cal J
methanol 1 65 8.43 35.27 24.95 104.39
tetrachloromethane 2 77 7.17 30.00 20.5 85.77
ethanol 3 79 9.22 38.58 26.22 109.70
benzene 4 80 7.353 30.76 20.81 87.07
water 5 100 9.7171 40.66 26.04 108.95
acetic acid 6 118 5.82 24.35 14.8 61.92
octane 7 126 34.41 86.31
ethylene glycol 8 197 50.50 107.4
naphthalene 9 218 43.20 88.00
hexane 10 69 28.85 84.42
diethyl ether 11 35 26.52 86.24

1-6 from Adamson, A Textbook of Physical Chemistry (1973)

7-11 from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (2001)
 1.000 cal = 4.184 J

water

l Chemistry (1973)
d Physics (2001)

Sinex 2006