Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
De Vera, Rocelyn C.
1st sem 2011-2012
GEOS + GRAPHEIN/GRAPHOS
= Earth + to write about or to describe
Study dealing with man and his interrelationships with his natural
environment, how such interrelationships are spatially distributed and vary
over the earth’s surface, and why the resulting spatial distributions are
patterned the way they are
-Juanico and Agno,1987
Definition of geography:
the study of the inter-relationships between
nature and society
Definition of geography:
the study of areal differentiation
Implied tasks:
the definition and description of regions in order
to differentiate them from other regions and
areas.
Definition of geography:
the study of Planet Earth as the home of
humanity
1.) The HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
Tradition
2.) The REGIONAL Tradition
3.) The SPATIAL Tradition
4.) The PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
Tradition
Geography
Main Branches
Physical Geography
Regional Geography
Geography
Main Approaches
Systematic
R egion
L ocation
D istance
S pace
P lace
A ccessibility
S cale
Large-sized territories that encompass many places, all of which share
similar attributes in comparison with the attributes of places
elsewhere
2. Functional -an area that literally functions as a unit, economically, politically and
socially
-any metropolitan area would be a functional region
Absolute Latitude - imaginary lines going east and west around the globe.
Longitude - imaginary lines that run from the North Pole to the South Pole
Coordinate - expressed using brackets with a comma and latitude always comes first
Relative
Expressed in terms of time, effort, or cost
Geography
Fundamental Concepts
3. Distance
Absolute
Expressed in terms of km or miles
Relative
Expressed in terms of time, effort, or cost
Cognitive
Degree of spatial separation that people perceive to exist
between two points
Personal judgement
Geography
Fundamental Concepts
3. Distance
First Law of Geography
“everything is related to everything else, but near
things are more related than distant things”
Waldo Tobler
Geography
Fundamental Concepts
3. Distance
First Law of Geography
“everything is related to everything else, but near
things are more related than distant things”
Waldo Tobler
Distance-Decay Function
Reflect peoples behavioral response to opportunities
in time and space
behavior
Nearness principle
People will tend to maximize utility of places at
minimum effort
Locate related actiivities as close together as
possible
Richard Morrill
Geography
Fundamental Concepts
4. Space
Absolute
Mathematical space described through points, lines, areas,
and planes
Relative
Expressed in terms of time, effort, cost, profit & produce,
and physical distance
Cognitive
Described in terms of behavioral space
Landmarks, path, spatial layout and environment
Geography
Fundamental Concepts
5. Place
“Place is space filled with meaning”
Yi-Fu Tuan
Aspects:
Distance
Connectivity
Geography
Fundamental Concepts
7. Spatial Interaction
Interdependence between places and regions can be
sustained only through movement and flows
How goods, ideas, and people move from a point of origin
to a point of destination
Examples:
Dagat=mangingisda patag
2. Possibilism
-human society shapes the
environment to suit
his/her needs
Geography
Fundamental Concepts
6. Spatial Interaction
Complementarity
Factors:
1. Variations in physical environment
2. International division of labor
3. Operation of principles of specialization
Geography
Fundamental Concepts
6. Spatial Interaction
Transferability
Factors:
1. Cost of moving: real money or time
2. Ability of the item to bear these costs
local
regional
national
global
R egion
L ocation
D istance
S pace
P lace
A ccessibility
S cale