Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Snehamoy Dhar1, PG Scholar; R Sridhar2, Asst. Professor (Sr.G) and Varun Avasthy3, PG Scholar
snehamoydhar@gmail.com, sridharmanly@gmail.com, varun.avasthy@gmail.com
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering,
SRM University, Chennai
Abstract: This paper proposes a method of modeling and providing an in-depth analysis of the PV phenomenon and the
simulation of Photovoltaic (PV) arrays. The main objective here is semiconductor physics.
to achieve a circuit based simulation model of a Photovoltaic (PV)
cell in order to estimate the electrical behavior of the practical cell
with respect to change in environmental parameters like
irradiation and temperature. The modeling of PV array serve as a
fundamental component for any research activity related with PV
system. The proposed method is implemented in
MATLAB/Simulink environment and the results reveal that the
array output is nonlinear in nature and nearly constant current up
to open circuit voltage and the power has maximum pick with
respect to the voltage for particular environmental condition.
Fig 1: Photovoltaic Hierarchy
Keywords— Open-circuit voltage (Voc), Maximum power point
(MPP), Photovoltaic (PV) Cell, Stand-alone Photovoltaic (PV)
system, Standard Test Condition (STC), Short-circuit current (Isc), The efficiency of a PV device is dependent on the spectral
voltage and current at the maximum power point (Vmpp & Impp),
distribution of solar radiation. The evaluation of PV devices is
I. INTRODUCTION generally done with reference to a standard spectral
distribution. Usually we specify standard conditions. This is
R ENEWABLE energy resources will be an increasingly
important part of power generation in the new millennium.
done so that a comparison on the basis of performance
between different PV cells can be done. The parameters are
Besides assisting in the reduction of the emission of
generally given in a datasheet. The datasheets provide
greenhouse gases, they add the much- needed flexibility to the
remarkable parameters regarding the performance and
energy resource mix by decreasing the dependence on fossil
characteristics of PV arrays with respect to these standard test
fuels. The energy that reaches the earth surface is around 3.2
conditions. The nominal (standard) test conditions are as
EJ/y. If we are able to harvest even a small fraction of the
follows:
available energy at the earth surface we could solve our
W
energy problems. A Photovoltaic (PV) system directly Irradiance(Gn ) 1000
converts sunlight into electricity. The basic device of a PV 2
m
system is the PV cell. Cells may be grouped to form panels or Temperature(Tn ) 25 C
0
Where Rs & Rp are achieved by iterative method by Newton Fig 9: Subsystem implementation of generalized PV model
raphson method. The circuit model composed of only one
current source. The value of the current is obtained by
numerically solving the I-V eq. 2. The solution of eq. 2 can be
implemented by MATLAB SIMULINK as it has the feature of
SimPowerSystems blockset as shown in fig 9. Figs. 11 and 12
show the P-V curves & I-V curve of the WS140 solar panel
respectively simulated with the MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Table 1 is obtained from Datasheet specification of PV Panel
and table 2 data are achieved by Model simulation process.
For a PV cell with an ideal I-V characteristic, its open circuit
voltage and short-circuit current are calculated as VOC = 21V
and ISC = 10 A. The nonlinear nature of PV cell is apparent as
shown in the figures, i.e., the output current and power of PV
cell depend on the cell’s terminal operating voltage and
temperature, and solar insolation/ irradiation as well with Fig 10: Generalized PV Model
increase of working temperature, the short-circuit current of
the PV cell increases, whereas the maximum power output
4
the world congress on engineering and computer science 2008 wcecs
2008, october 22 - 24, 2008, san francisco, USA.
[4] Recent developments in high-efficiency pv cells, satyen k. Deb,
presented at the world renewable energy congress vi brighton, u.k. July
1-7, 2000
[5] Model of photovoltaic module in matlab™, francisco m. González-
longatt.
[6] Development of a matlab/simulink model of a single-phase grid-
connected photovoltaic system, michael e. Ropp, member, ieee, and
sigifredo gonzalez, ieee transactions on energy conversion.
[7] J. A. Gow and C. D. Manning, “Development of a photovoltaic array
model for use in power-electronics simulation studies,” IEE Proc. Elect.
Power Appl., vol. 146, no. 2, pp. 193–200, 1999.
[8] Photovoltaic System Analysis & Design by A.K Mukherjee & Nivedita
Thakur, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
[9] Solar Array Modeling and Simulation of MPPT using Neural Network
R.Ramaprabha1, Member, IEEE, B.L.Mathur2 and M.Sharanya3,
Proceedings of International Conference on Control, Automation,
Communication and Energy Conservation (INCACEC’09)
[10] Characteristic curves of a solar cell , PHYWE series of publications •
Laboratory Experiments • Physics • PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH •
37070 Göttingen, Germany.
[11] Temperature Coefficients for PV Modules and Arrays: Measurement
Methods, Difficulties, and Results; David L. King, Jay A. Kratochvil,
Fig11: P-V Plot of simulated Solar Module and William E. Boyson, Presented at the 26th IEEE Photovoltaic
Specialists Conference, September 29- October 3, 1997, Anaheim,
California.