BCL Wimax Training Doc v1

Banglalion Communications Ltd.
Training Doc
Introduction of WiMAX
WiMAX, the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is a telecommunications

technology aimed at providing wireless data over long distances in a variety of ways, from
point-to-point links to full mobile cellular type access. It is a wireless digital communications
system that is intended for wireless "metropolitan area networks". This technology can provide
broadband wireless access (BWA) up to 30 miles (50 km) for fixed stations, and 3 - 10 miles
(5 - 15 km) for mobile stations.
How WiMAX Works?
The WiMAX network uses an approach that is similar to that of cell phones.
Coverage for a geographical area is divided into a series of overlapping areas called cells.
Each cell provides coverage for users within that immediate Area. When subscriber travels
from one cell to another, the wireless connection is handed off from one cell to another.
A WiMAX system consists of two parts:
• A Base station, similar in concept to a cell-phone tower - A single WiMAX tower can
provide coverage to a very large area -- as big as 3,000 square miles (~8,000 square
km).is mounted on a tower or tall building to broadcast the wireless signal.
• A WiMAX subscriber device, these could be WiMAX enabled notebook, mobile

Internet device (MID), or even a WiMAX modem by using the subscriber receives the
signals. Currently we have the dongle, indoor unit and outdoor unit.
Need to show the Laptop connected to the internet
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Banglalion Communications Ltd. Training Doc
The user pays the service provider for wireless Internet access, just as they would for a
normal Internet connection via a cable network. The service provider provides the end user
with the CPE, software, an userid and a password.
If the CPE at the user end catches the signals, an uninterrupted internet connection will be
established as long as the signal is available. One WiMAX base station can send signals over
distances of several miles depending on the terrain. The more flat the terrain, more the
coverage area. If end user moves from one base station to another, your laptop receiver will
hook up to the other base station (of the same service provider) with a stronger signal.
Radio Frequency Spectrum:
We are using the radio frequency 2.5 GHz which is a 35 MHz spectrum and the range is from
2585—2620 MHz.
Usage of Radio Frequency in WiMAX Network:
If we see the available usage of RF frequency all over the world in respect to WiMAX
we can see WiMAX basically high RF frequency which nature is more likely Microwave
frequency.
Canada Russia
2.3/2.5GHz 2.3/2.5/3.5GHz
3.5/5GHz Europe 5GHz
3.5GHz
USA 5GHz
1.5/2.3GHz
2.5/5GHz
Asia Pacific
2.3/3.3/3.5GHz
ME & A 5GHz
3.5GHz
5GHz
C & SA
2.5/3.5GHz
5GHz
Figure 02: Worldwide RF frequency in WiMAX Technology
Some RF Parameters Related with WiMAX :
We can check the status of Air interface or Um interface by checking some parameter at the
user end which are:
Receive Signal Strength Index (RSSI): This is the parameter which basically indicates the
strength of signal which comes from WiMAX BTS.
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Usually RSSI is good for near to the BTS and getting worst if we go away from the BTS.
Sometimes it is bad even if we are near to BTS as because of blockage.
Figure 03: RSSI strength of a

Telecom Network
The above picture shows MS B is getting poor signal than MSA as because of large distance
from BTS/Tower. In technical language it is called “Path Loss”. Sometimes we may
experience different scenario, for example we may get poor signal even if we are very close to
BTS. Refer to the picture below:
Figure 04: MS is getting poor

signal
In the above picture there is an wall or blockage in between BTS and MS, so it’s getting poor
signal. As a result RSSI will be poor for this MS.
RSSI Unit: Usually we defined this parameter in dB. Its value is always negative. So the value
tends to zero is better. For example if RSSI of MSA is -60dB and MS B is -85 dB so MS A is in
better condition. This value can not be zero. Maximum RSSI value can be up to -30 dB and in
worst case RSSI can be up to -120 dB.
Carrier to Interference and Noise Ratio (CINR): The name indicates it is an ratio. So
mathematically we can write:
CINR = Carrier (Our desired WiMAX signal)/ (Noise (System Noise)+Interference (Either
external or internal))
This is another parameter by which we can measures the signal status or quality. The main
challenge in WiMAX technology is interference. So the RF engineers try to minimize this
interference as much as possible.
This value is not depending on the BTS position as like RSSI but it depends on Radio
planning, external illegal users.
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CINR Units: This parameter is unit less as because its an ratio. The CINR is better if its value
is greater. For example: CINR of MS A with 20 is better than CINR of MS B 10. The greater
the value the better it is. This value is up to 40. But the minimum value for WiMAX service is
at least 10. WiMAX CPE or MS still sometimes work under CINR value 10 but that one is not
guaranteed service.
In summary, we have to check the combined RSSI and CINR value to have the status and
quality of signal. Both parameters should be in acceptable range for better service.
MS (CPE/ USB Modem) Antenna Parameter:
At present we are providing multi vendors CPE and MS to our end users/ Subscribers. The
CPE which we usually provide are:
Dongle / USB Modem;

Indoor CPE;
Outdoor CPE;
Subscriber can’t buy any CPE from the free market. The subscriber has to choose one from
the tested one that we are providing.
Furthermore, the antenna which is inbuilt of these types of CPEs is different.
Dongle / USB Modem: It is small and can use it with our laptop or desktop. The antenna gain
of this type of USB modem is only 2 dBi. It is suggested to use this type of USB modem in
good radio condition (for example: RSSI>= -75; CINR>= 15)
Figure 05: USB Modem
Indoor CPE: This type of CPE usage in indoor as it name indicates. The main difference in
between USB modem and indoor CPE is the antenna gain (which is 4 to 6 dBi) higher
than USB modem and need external power source to run this modem as well as one Ethernet
cable if no built-in Wi-Fi.
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Figure 06: Indoor CPE
It can work with poor radio condition than USB modem. We suggest to use this type of
modem placing near window.
Outdoor CPE: This is very similar with indoor CPE but the name indicates that this type of
CPE placed in outdoor (maybe wall mounted). The antenna gain is higher than indoor CPE
(above 10 dBi). As the antenna gain is high it is capable to work in poor radio condition.
Typical scenario is it is used in village or used in place where radio signal is poor.
Figure 07: Outdoor CPE
So, in WiMAX network there are several types of users using several types of CPEs in
different radio signal status.
Figure 08: Different types of CPEs in a WiMAX network
Typical Coverage Radius with Respect to Various Clutters:
In Bangladesh the clutter (Area Scenario) is not the same all over the country. Some areas
are highly dense (for ex: City area), some are less dense (for ex: thana, upozilla) and some
are in almost flat area (for ex: village area). The coverage also varies with respect to this
clutter definition.
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Figure 09: Typical CPEs usage for different clutter
WiMAX Base Station:
In WiMAX technology one site has three antennae and each Antennae has one WBS
(Wireless Base Station). This type of naming is vendor dependent. For Alcatel it is WBS
where as in other vendors (ZTE or Huawei) they are called RRU (Radio Receiving Unit) in
each sector. But three antennas in one site is the unique configuration. Rarely some of the
sites may have two sectors (two antennae).
Conclusion
In summary Radio part is not as smooth as like other part of WiMAX network. This document
is just having an idea or overview of Radio part of WiMAX technology. In reality the scenario is
much more complex and complicated.
Core Network
There are different network elements in the core network and those are AAA, switch, Router,
HA etc.
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What is 8950 AAA?
8950 AAA (Authentication Authorization Accounting) is a carrier class RADIUS / Diameter

server widely deployed in many Service Providers, to do the AAA of any type of access
technology (dial-up, xDSL, VPN’s with IPsec, GSM/GPRS/UMTS, CDMA2000/EVDO, WiFi,
etc.).
What Is Radius?
RADIUS (Remote authentication) was originally created to authenticate PPP (Point-to-Point

Protocol) switched users connecting to IP networks via dial-up, in a centralized way. In fact, it
stands for Remote Authentication DIal-up User Service.
However, it has evolved a lot since then, and has become the authentication standard for any
other access technology: xDSL, GPRS/UMTS, CDMA2000/1xEVDO, IPsec with
IKEv1&IKEv2, etc. And also for access over Ethernet (802.1X) including Wi- Fi and Wi-Max.
• RADIUS client (WAC, Home Agent… in WiMAX), which is usually the access device
that provides IP connectivity to users. This Network Access Server is also known as
NAS in RADIUS terminology.
• RADIUS server, which is a central repository of user authentication information and
user profiles, that based on some configuration, decides to authorize the user into the
network and how.
Authentication types
Authentication has several purposes in a WiMAX network:
1. Verify the user trying to connect (user authentication), to validate that (s)he really
belongs to that Network Service Provider to connect in that network (NSP) and can be
billed for the connection and access the company intranet (or
IP network),
2. For the user to verify that (s)he connecting to the correct network, and not to a
hacker’s network (network authentication)
3. Optionally, device authentication. To verify the device (handset, CPE, PCMCIA

card, etc.) identity (Ethernet MAC address) is valid and hasn’t been modified or
tampered with. Based on this device ID (MAC) it can be decided to authorize that
device into the network if it is not in a black listed (hasn’t been stolen, for instance).
These air interface encryption keys are dynamically generated between the user and the AAA
(RADIUS) server when the user starts the session. But in order to have the best possible
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security, these keys should be dynamically changed. This imply doing a user re-authentication
periodically (every 30 min, every hour, etc.). This
EAP Overview
EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) itself is only a framework to be able to transport

authentication information between the EAP supplicant (the user) and the EAP server (the
AAA=RADIUS server).
Figure 14.- Elements in an EAP authentication
The authenticator is the element that will prompt the user to be authenticated, and will
encapsulate any EAP message coming over Ethernet into RADIUS, and vice versa.
The advantages of EAP are:
• End-to-end authentication, between the user and the final AAA server. Even if there
are proxy-radius servers in between, they won’t be able to know about the user’s
credentials.
• The EAP authenticator (the WAC for WiMAX) doesn’t have to understand the
authentication mechanism used (EAP-TTLS, EAP-AKA, etc.), and even if in the future
new EAP methods arise, it won’t need to be modified to understand it.
The 1st message in any EAP exchange is an EAP-Identity where the user provides an
Identity in the form of NAI (Network Address Identifier), made up of:
NAI = <identity>@<realm>
The realm is the network Identifier where this user is registered, and is used between RADIUS
servers to proxy the RADIUS request to the correct AAA server in case of roaming.
EAP-TTLS
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It is a method, derived from EAP-TLS, to establish a secure communication tunnel between

the user (EAP supplicant) and the home RADIUS server (H-AAA), to later transmit the user’s
login & password (subscription credentials) in an encrypted manner.
It also provides mutual authentication, as the user knows (s)he is connecting to the right
network because the AAA server provides an X.509 digital certificate, usually issued by the
WiMAX Forum®.
Optionally, it can also authenticate the device, in case the device has a digital certificate
issued by the device manufacturer.
Figure 15.- General authentication diagram with EAP-TTLS
As the 1st message is always the EAP-Identity which travels un-encrypted, it is

recommended for the EAP-supplicant to generate a random 32-digit hex pseudonym
(or longer) as use it for the EAP-Identity. The actual login (User-Name) will be provided to the
AAA server encrypted inside the EAP-TTLS secure tunnel, so that the AAA server can
retrieve the user password and profile from the provisioning DB.
In WiMAX, the EAP-TTLS version used is the 0.6, and the inner method used to authenticate
the user by login/password is MS-Chap-V2.
This EAP-TTLS/MsChapV2 is currently the most common authentication method in WiMAX,

as most of Service Providers subscribers are identified by login/password, and all non-Service
Providers networks (employees of a company, etc.) are also authenticated in the same way.
However, also PAP and CHAP can be used to provide the login/password information to the
AAA server inside the EAP-TTLS tunnel.
As an example, next there is a screenshot from an EAP-TTLS supplicant, showing that:
• It supports putting a different User-Name inside the TTLS tunnel, than the EAP-
Identity for outside of the TTLS tunnel (should be at least a random 32-digit
Hexadecimal number, to comply with the standards)
• It supports different authentication methods inside the TTLS tunnel: PAP, CHAP
& MsChapV2
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Figure 16.- Screenshot from an EAP-TTLS supplicant for a PCMCIA card
Due to the digital certificate verification, which involves very complex cryptographic
operations, EAP-TTLS is very CPU intensive, both in the EAP server and the EAP supplicant.
As the EAP server has to authenticate several users in parallel, this CPU issue can be a
bottleneck in the AAA server.
As the users have to re-authenticate periodically (30 or 60m) to verify the user is still there
and to generate new keys to encrypt the session traffic in the air interface
(PKMv2), EAP-TTLS provides a session-resumption mechanism. Basically, during the
1st EAP-TTLS full authentication, the EAP server and the EAP supplicant generate a session
key, which can be used for the next re-authentications, so that the authentication can take
place without the exchange and verification of the X.509 digital certificate(s).
This session resumption is very advantageous for the AAA server, as the CPU usage is
reduced, but the EAP supplicant must also support it to take full advantage of it. It not, a full
authentication will have to take place as in the 1st authentication of the session.
EAP-TLS
EAP-TLS (Transport Layer Security) is a mechanism that provides mutual authentication (the
EAP server authenticates before the EAP supplicant, and the Supplicant before the user)
based on having each peer an X.509 digital certificate.
In this case, there is no login/password, and the subscription is not associated to a person
(login) but to the device itself. The EAP-Identity used will be the device MAC address (without
dashes).
Figure 17.- General authentication diagram with EAP-TLS

Typical uses for EAP-TLS might include:
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• Temporal access to a WiMAX network from the user’s device, usually paying in
advance to having the service. Typically in an airport or fair via a web portal
• Satellite TV STB (Set Top Box), where the return channel is via WiMAX instead of via
dial-up modem.
• Rental of CPE/USB dongles, where the user pays both for the service and for the
device
• Remote measuring devices spreaded across the country, and the measuring company
has the list of provisioned MAC address.
In these cases, the device must have the MAC address inside the digital certificate, that
guarantees the authenticity of that MAC address and that it hasn’t been hacked. The typical
certification authority will be the WiMAX Forum®, which will issue sub-CA certificates to the
manufacturers.
There can even be another case where there is no subscription neither by login/password nor
by device; anonymous access for free. In this case, the digital certificate subject (the MAC
address) is not validated to be in a list of paying/allowed MAC addresses, and even the device
could not provide a digital certificate.
This type of access is used for On-Line Subscription (OLS). The user connects initially to the
WiMAX network of the NSP, but can not access the Internet, only a subscription portal to
register initially in the network, and paying a fee for the access. In that subscription portal, the
user will auto-register and will associate the money paid
• to a MAC address for authenticated EAP-TLS access, or

• login/password for EAP-TTLS access, without any limitation on which device to use to
connect from.
In this case, the device will indicate it doesn't want subscription authentication because the
user wants to do On-Line Subscription, by prefixing the Identity with
{sm=1}. The rest of the identity is the device MAC address, and the realm indicates to which
NSP the user wants to subscribe to:
{sm=1}<MAC>@<NSP realm>
Summary of EAP methods and the authentication types they are valid for
The following table tries to make a summary of the different authentication types that can be
used in WiMAX.
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AAA Service Profile
For providing Video on Demand, DATA, VOICE, VIDEO, VPN, Video Conference we can use
following service profile type.
Best Effort (BE)

BE delivery describes a network service in which the network does not provide any
special features that recover lost or corrupted data. By removing the need to provide
these services, the network operates more efficiently.
Real Time Polling Service (rtPS)

rtPS concerns QoS services, and supports real-time flows that generate variable size
data packets on a periodic basis (MPEG) and offers periodic unicast request
opportunities. The CMs specify the size of the desired data grants.
UGS - Unsolicited Grant Service

UGS is a QoS indication employed on the R1 RP of a WiMAX network which indicates
that the air interface traffic will have low latency requirements eg VoIP
Extended real time Polling Service (ErtPS)

ErtPS applies to QoS services. It supports real-time flows that generate variable size
data packets on a periodic basis (MPEG) and offers periodic unicast request
opportunities. The CMs specify the size of the desired data grants. This service
supports silence suppression.
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Non real time Polling Service (nrtPS)

nrtPS concerns the QoS services. It supports flows that require variable size data
grants on a regular basis (high bandwidth FTP) and offers infrequent unicast polls plus
contention and piggybacking.
Work Flow
Feb 2009 8950AAA WiMAX Guide for ALU W4 13
In this case, the WAC receives all user IP information via RADIUS. When the WAC receives
the DHCP Discover message from the user, instead of doing a relay to a DHCP server, it will
answer the message directly with the information provided by the AAA server. This way of
behaving is know as “DHCP proxy” instead of “DHCP relay”.
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Introduction to Domain Name System (DNS):
The DNS is a hierarchical naming system for computers, services, or any resource
connected to the Internet or a private network. It associates various informations with
domain names assigned to each of the participants. Most importantly, it translates
domain names meaningful to humans into the numerical (binary) identifiers associated
with networking equipment for the purpose of locating and addressing these devices
worldwide. An often used analogy to explain the Domain Name System is that it serves
as the "phone book" for the Internet by translating human-friendly computer hostnames
into IP addresses. For example, www.banglalion.com.bd.com translates to 180.149.31.2.
The Domain Name System distributes the responsibility of assigning domain names and
mapping those names to IP addresses by designating authoritative name servers for
each domain. Authoritative name servers are assigned to be responsible for their
particular domains, and in turn can assign other authoritative name servers for their sub-
domains. This mechanism has made the DNS distributed, fault tolerant, and helped
avoid the need for a single central register to be continually consulted and updated.
In general, the Domain Name System also stores other types of information, such as the
list of mail servers that accept email for a given Internet domain. By providing a
worldwide, distributed keyword-based redirection service, the Domain Name System is
an essential component of the functionality of the Internet.
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Introduction to DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a client/server protocol that

automatically provides an Internet Protocol (IP) host with its IP address and other related
configuration information such as the subnet mask and default gateway. RFCs 2131 and
2132 define DHCP as an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard based on
Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP), a protocol with which DHCP shares many implementation
details. DHCP allows hosts to obtain necessary TCP/IP configuration information from a
DHCP server.
Benefits of DHCP
• Reliable IP address configuration. DHCP minimizes configuration errors

caused by manual IP address configuration, such as typographical errors, or address
conflicts caused by the assignment of an IP address to more than one computer at
the same time.
• Reduced network administration. DHCP includes the following features to

reduce network administration:
o Centralized and automated TCP/IP configuration.
o The ability to define TCP/IP configurations from a central location.
o The ability to assign a full range of additional TCP/IP configuration values
by means of DHCP options.
o The efficient handling of IP address changes for clients that must be
updated frequently, such as those for portable computers that move to
different locations on a wireless network.
o The forwarding of initial DHCP messages by using a DHCP relay agent,
thus eliminating the need to have a DHCP server on every subnet.
Why use DHCP

Every device on a TCP/IP-based network must have a unique unicast IP address to
access the network and its resources. Without DHCP, IP addresses must be configured
manually for new computers or computers that are moved from one subnet to another,
and manually reclaimed for computers that are removed from the network.
DHCP enables this entire process to be automated and managed centrally. The DHCP
server maintains a pool of IP addresses and leases an address to any DHCP-enabled
client when it starts up on the network. Because the IP addresses are dynamic (leased)
rather than static (permanently assigned), addresses no longer in use are automatically
returned to the pool for reallocation.
The network administrator establishes DHCP servers that maintain TCP/IP configuration
information and provide address configuration to DHCP-enabled clients in the form of a
lease offer. The DHCP server stores the configuration information in a database, which
includes:
o Valid TCP/IP configuration parameters for all clients on the network.

o Valid IP addresses, maintained in a pool for assignment to clients, as well as
excluded addresses.
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o Reserved IP addresses associated with particular DHCP clients. This allows

consistent assignment of a single IP address to a single DHCP client.
o The lease duration, or the length of time for which the IP address can be used
before a lease renewal is required.
A DHCP-enabled client, upon accepting a lease offer, receives:
o A valid IP address for the subnet to which it is connecting.

o Requested DHCP options, which are additional parameters that a DHCP server
is configured to assign to clients. Some examples of DHCP options are Router
(default gateway), DNS Servers, and DNS Domain Name. For a full list of DHCP
options, see “DHCP Tools and Settings.”
o
DHCP Terms and Definitions
Term Definition
DHCP server A computer running the DHCP Server service that holds
information about available IP addresses and related
configuration information as defined by the DHCP administrator
and responds to requests from DHCP clients.
DHCP client A computer that gets its IP configuration information by using
DHCP.
Scope A range of IP addresses that are available to be leased to DHCP
clients by the DHCP Server service.
Subnetting The process of partitioning a single TCP/IP network into a
number of separate network segments called subnets.
DHCP option Configuration parameters that a DHCP server assigns to clients.
Most DHCP options are predefined, based on optional
parameters defined in Request for Comments (RFC) 2132,
although extended options can be added by vendors or users.
Lease The length of time for which a DHCP client can use a DHCP-
assigned IP address configuration.
Reservation A specific IP address within a scope permanently set aside for
leased use by a specific DHCP client. Client reservations are
made in the DHCP database using the DHCP snap-in and are
based on a unique client device identifier for each reserved
entry.
Exclusion/exclusion One or more IP addresses within a DHCP scope that are not
range allocated by the DHCP Server service. Exclusions ensure that
the specified IP addresses will not be offered to clients by the
DHCP server as part of the general address pool.
DHCP relay agent Either a host or an IP router that listens for DHCP client
messages being broadcast on a subnet and then forwards those
DHCP messages directly to a configured DHCP server. The
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DHCP server sends DHCP response messages directly back to

the DHCP relay agent, which then forwards them to the DHCP
client. The DHCP administrator uses DHCP relay agents to
centralize DHCP servers, avoiding the need for a DHCP server
on each subnet. Also referred to as a BOOTP relay agent.
Superscope A configuration that allows a DHCP server to provide leases from
more than one scope to clients on a single physical network
segment.
Multicast IP Multicast IP addresses allow multiple clients to receive data that
addresses is sent to a single IP address, enabling point-to-multipoint
communication. This type of transmission is often used for
streaming media transmissions, such as video conferencing.
Multicast Scope A range of multicast IP addresses that can be assigned to DHCP
clients. A multicast scope allows dynamic allocation of multicast
IP addresses for use on the network by using the MADCAP
protocol, as defined in RFC 2730.
BOOTP An older protocol with similar functionality; DHCP is based on
BOOTP. BOOTP is an established protocol standard used for
configuring IP hosts. BOOTP was originally designed to enable
boot configuration for diskless workstations.
How to troubleshoot to install CPE?
For USB Dongle
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Check the OS in the computer. Also check the service pack for that OS
---Select My Computer
--Right Click To My Computer And Select Properties
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--At General Tab Check The Service Pack 2
Check the USB Dongle Software

---Click the Start tab
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Select the Control Panel
At Control panel Select the Add or Remove Programs
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Check the Software
Check The WiMAX Network Adapter by selecting My Computer
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Right Click to My Computer And Select Manage
Select Device Manager
Page 22 of 34
Check The WiMAX network Adapter
Page 23 of 34
Verify the Dongle Username And Password

1. At user name always give the relaim (i.e @banglalion.com.bd)
2. give the user password
3. confirm the password
4. Press OK
Check the Dongle Power is ON
-Go to the Dongle Software at the Taskbar

-double click it
-Select the Tools Tab of the Dongle Software
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Make power ON
Click OK
Check the Automatic IP by selecting the My Network places
Page 25 of 34
Right Click on My Network places and select properties
Page 26 of 34
Right Click the LAN and select properties
Page 27 of 34
Select TCP/IP and click properties
Check Obtain IP Address and DNS server Automatically
Page 28 of 34
Check the IP Configuration:

Go to the Run prompt from the taskbar
Type: cmd
Type: ipconfig /all
Page 29 of 34
Press enter and verify the IP Adress, Subnetmask, Defaultgetway, DNS and DHCP
server, Physical Address
Ping any website

Type: Ping yahoo.com
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Ping the client IP Address

Type: Ping 180.149.7.23
Ping the Default gateway

Type: Ping 180.149.0.1
Ping the DNS Server

Type:Ping 180.149.31.2
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How to Configure a USB Dongle?
Follow the configure sequence.
Page 32 of 34
Page 33 of 34
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Banglalion Communications Ltd.

WiMAX, the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is a telecommunications

How WiMAX Works?

A WiMAX system consists of two parts:

• A WiMAX subscriber device, these could be WiMAX enabled notebook, mobile

Need to show the Laptop connected to the internet

Radio Frequency Spectrum:

Usage of Radio Frequency in WiMAX Network:

Figure 02: Worldwide RF frequency in WiMAX Technology

Some RF Parameters Related with WiMAX :

Figure 03: RSSI strength of a

Figure 04: MS is getting poor

MS (CPE/ USB Modem) Antenna Parameter:

Dongle / USB Modem;

Furthermore, the antenna which is inbuilt of these types of CPEs is different.

Figure 05: USB Modem

Figure 06: Indoor CPE

Figure 07: Outdoor CPE

Figure 08: Different types of CPEs in a WiMAX network

Typical Coverage Radius with Respect to Various Clutters:

Figure 09: Typical CPEs usage for different clutter

WiMAX Base Station:

What is 8950 AAA?

8950 AAA (Authentication Authorization Accounting) is a carrier class RADIUS / Diameter

RADIUS (Remote authentication) was originally created to authenticate PPP (Point-to-Point

Authentication has several purposes in a WiMAX network:

3. Optionally, device authentication. To verify the device (handset, CPE, PCMCIA

EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) itself is only a framework to be able to transport

Figure 14.- Elements in an EAP authentication

The advantages of EAP are:

It is a method, derived from EAP-TLS, to establish a secure communication tunnel between

Figure 15.- General authentication diagram with EAP-TTLS

As the 1st message is always the EAP-Identity which travels un-encrypted, it is

This EAP-TTLS/MsChapV2 is currently the most common authentication method in WiMAX,

As an example, next there is a screenshot from an EAP-TTLS supplicant, showing that:

Figure 16.- Screenshot from an EAP-TTLS supplicant for a PCMCIA card

Figure 17.- General authentication diagram with EAP-TLS

• to a MAC address for authenticated EAP-TLS access, or

AAA Service Profile

Best Effort (BE)

Real Time Polling Service (rtPS)

UGS - Unsolicited Grant Service

Extended real time Polling Service (ErtPS)

Non real time Polling Service (nrtPS)

Feb 2009 8950AAA WiMAX Guide for ALU W4 13

Introduction to Domain Name System (DNS):

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a client/server protocol that

• Reliable IP address configuration. DHCP minimizes configuration errors

• Reduced network administration. DHCP includes the following features to

Why use DHCP

o Valid TCP/IP configuration parameters for all clients on the network.

o Reserved IP addresses associated with particular DHCP clients. This allows

A DHCP-enabled client, upon accepting a lease offer, receives:

o A valid IP address for the subnet to which it is connecting.

DHCP server sends DHCP response messages directly back to

How to troubleshoot to install CPE?

For USB Dongle

--Right Click To My Computer And Select Properties

--At General Tab Check The Service Pack 2

Check the USB Dongle Software

Select the Control Panel

At Control panel Select the Add or Remove Programs