Biotech

1.Which of the interactions of protein determine the 3-D shape? 2. How does chymotrypsin work? 3. Write a short note on
protein structure. 1. Which of the interactions of protein determine the its 3-D shape? 2. Write a short note on H bonds in
proteins 1. How are hydrogen bonds formed in proteins? 2. Name two factors that can reduce the bond strength of ionic
bond between amino acid residues in proteins 3. What is the consequence if a protein is incorrectly folded? Give an example
to illustrate your answer
4.Why is sickle cell anaemia called ‘molecular disease’? How can sickle cell hemoglobin be identified? 5. Differentiate
between hydrogen bonds & Van der Waals’ force
1.How does chymotrypsin work? 2.Write a short note on protein structure.
3. Why sickle cell anemia is called as molecular disease? 4. Explain the charge relay system in chymotrypsin. 1. On what
basis Linus Pauling predicted the presence charged amino acids in haemoglobin? 2.Why sickle cell anemia is called as
molecular disease?
1. Expand IEF and SDS-PAGE. 2. What are ampholytes? Give example.
2. Mention the advantage of using 2-D gel electrophoresis in protein separation?
1.Why is 2-D gel electrophoresis is better than single dimension. 2. Give a flowchart for the purification of extracellular and
intracellular proteins.
1.Why PEG is added to aqueous two phase phase partition mixture. 2. Mention the steps which should be taken to maximize
the protein stability.
1.Expand GMP. 2. Give a flowchart for the isolation and purification of intracellular protein starting from a microbial source. 1.
Mention any five protein based products.
2. Explain how we can improve proteins using site directed metagenesis?
3. Expand and define BV, BCAA, PER.

1. Define SNP. State its significance. 2. Mention the reasons for complete sequencing of genome . 3. Name the gene which is
responsible for Cystic Fibrosis? 1. Write three differences between structural and functional genomics. 2. Explain the
methodologies used in human genome project in brief. 1. What are SNPs? Explain. 2. Mention any two research based
observation about SNP . 3. Write the functions of the following a. CCR5 b. ApoE
1.Write the differences between structural and functional genomics. 2. Expand FISH and explain the role of Nick translation in
it . 3. How CML is caused? Describe in brief.
1. What is FISH technique used for? 2. Genome analysis has the potential to identify patients with disease susceptibilities.
Explain = 3. Suggest any four reasons why complete genome sequencing projects should be undertaken? Describe the
advantage of using Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes in such sequencing programmes.
4. Using microarrays one can identify the genes expressed differently in normal vs cancer cell types explain. 5. Write a brief
note on ‘SNPs’. Discuss using two examples why SNP analysis is important? 6. How can SNPs be used to predict
susceptibility to diseases?
1. What is the use of microarray technique ? 2. The human genome contains twice as many genes as the simple organism
Drosophila melanogaster. Give one explanation as to how just double the number of genes can give rise to complexity for a
human being.
3. Give one reason why computational methods of gene counting of genomes are inaccurate? 4. How genes are linked to
disease? Explain with two examples. 5. What is the Philadelphia chromosome and how can it be identified by the FISH
technique?
6. How can CML (Chronic Mylogenous Leukaemia) patients be identified by the FISH technique. 1. What is the use of
microarray technique ?
2. The human genome contains twice as many genes as the simple organism Drosophila melanogaster. Give one explanation
as to how just double the number of genes can give rise to complexity for a human being. 3. Give one reason why
computational methods of gene counting of genomes are inaccurate? 4. How genes are linked to disease? Explain with two1.
1. What are the IUPAC codes for G or C, A or T ,A or C
2. Why was it necessary to create bioinformatics database.? 3. Define proteomics.
4. What are the single letter IUPAC codes of alanine, glycine, tryptophan, tyrosine, serine, methionine? 5. With the aid of a
schematic diagram indicate how a certain SNP profile is more susceptible to a drug?

1. Differentiate between cDNA library and genomic library. 2. If one wants to obtain a specific proteins which library he should
use and why? 3. Mention the advantages of cDNA library over genomic library.1. What is the role ofddNTP’s in this technique?
2. How nested DNA fragments are synthesized using Sanger’s method? 3.Explain Single Tube sequencing Experiment. 1.
Mention the applications of site directed mutagenesis. 2. An unusual plasmid has been discovered which has high
transformation ability in E.coil & confers heat resistance to the host. Hence, the host when transformed can safely grow at
45℃. Schematically indicate the various steps of clothing a foreign gene into this plasmid. How would you screen the
transformed E.coil carrying the plasmid? 1. What is the role ofddNTP’s in this technique? 2. How nested DNA fragments are
synthesized using Sanger’s method? 3.Explain Single Tube sequencing Experiment. 1. What is the role ofddNTP’s in this
technique? 2. How nested DNA fragments are synthesized using Sanger’s method? 3.Explain Single Tube sequencing
Experiment. 4.Mention the applications of site directed mutagenesis. 5. Differentiate between tertiary and quartenary protein
molecule1.Mention the functions of the following a. Nitrocellulose b. Agrose gel c. Wick 2. State the applications of southern
hybridization method. Expand PCR. Mention the requirements of pCR. 2. Why Taq polymerase enzyme is used in PCR? 3.
What labels are used during hybridization and how they are detected? 4.Mention the functions of the following a. Nitrocellulose
b. Agrose gel c. Wick1. Explain the basic feature of M13 and lambda phage vectors? 2. Differentiate between BAC and YAC?
3. Mention the advantage of M13 vector over other vectors. 4. Which vector is suitable for site directed mutagenesis1. Explain
the basic feature of pBR322 and pUC19 vectors? 2. Mention the important characteristics of vectors as cloning vehicle. 3.
What is the significance of MCS and unique restriction sites in a vector?

1. Name the growth factors required for cultures. 2. Why antifoaming agents are used in cultures? 3. State the functions of the
following a. Fermentors b. Shakers 4. Why it is important to maintain pH and temperature during culture. 5. Explain the culture
procedure that is performed in lab condition and at commercial level during microbial culture. 6. State the features of an ideal
culture medium

CBSE Class 12 Marking Scheme & Weightage

Distribution Of Chemistry
The CBSE Class 12 marking scheme and distribution of weightage for Chemistry are
tabulated below:

Units Marks

4
Solid State
 5
Solutions

5
Electrochemistry

5
Chemical Kinetics

4
Surface Chemistry

General Principles & Processes of Isolation of

3
Elements

8
p-Block Elements

5
d & f-Block Elements

3
Co-ordination Compounds
 4
Haloalkanes & Haloarenes

4
Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers

6
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids

4
Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

4
Biomolecules

3
Polymers

3
Chemistry in Everyday Life

CBSE Class 12 Marking Scheme & Weightage

Distribution Of Physics
The CBSE Class 12 marking scheme and distribution of weightage for Physics are
tabulated below:

Units Marks

8
Electrostatics

7
Current Electricity

8
Magnetic Effect Of Current & Magnetism

8
Electromagnetic Induction & Alternating Current

3
Electromagnetic Waves

14
Optics
 4
Dual Nature of Matter

6
Atoms & Nuclei

7
Electronic Devices

5
Communications Systems

CBSE Class 12 Marking Scheme & Weightage

Distribution Of Biology
The CBSE Class 12 marking scheme and distribution of weightage for Biology are
tabulated below:

Units Marks

14
Reproduction
 18
Genetics & Evolution

14
Biology & Human Welfare

10
Biotechnology & its Application

14
Ecology & Environment