GLAND SEAL, EXHAUST

& TURBINE DRAINS

SYSTEMS
(MAW, MAL)

Power Generation
 Seal/Gland Steam System (MAW)
Design features
• Serves to prevent steam leaving or air entering the turbine via the turbine shaft glands
• Gland steam connections at all shaft ends
• Connection from spindle leak-off steam at the stem packing of the turbine main valves
• Condensation of the gland steam in the gland steam condenser
Gland steam header

HP IP
LP

Seal steam header

Aux. steam
Seal steam
supply valve
Gland steam
condenser skid
Condenser
Leak off steam
For Training Only valve O&M Training 2
 Seal/Gland Steam System (MAW)
• To prevent shaft seals from being exposed to too low of temperature of steam
• Warm-up is required on start up & during normal operation (seal steam supply valve -
closed & steam stagnates & cools down
• In the event of a load rejection the seal steam control valve would open and the cold
steam would enter the shaft seals.
Gland Steam Header [~0.073 psig (-2”wg)(-5 mbar)]

Gland Exhausters
HP IP LP

Emergency Discharge Pipe

TE TE PT TE
Seal Steam Supply Header
[~0.5 psig (35mbarg)] TE TE

PT PT
Gland Exhauster
Header
To Turb. LS [~-4”wg (-10 mbar)]
Drains Seal Steam
Supply Skid
PT TE Temp. Before
Cooling
Water Cooling Water
From Desuperheated SS CV Outlet
Steam Supply Inlet

Gland Steam
Condenser
M

To Clean
Drains
Leakoff Steam
Skid

Seal Steam Leakoff Header

For Training Only O&M Training 3

 Shaft Seal Arrangement

For Training Only O&M Training 4

 Typical U-Ring Leakoff System

For Training Only O&M Training 5

 Gland Seal Operation

For Training Only O&M Training 6

 Gland Seal Operation

For Training Only O&M Training 7

 Gland Seal Operation

For Training Only O&M Training 8

 Seal Operation

For Training Only O&M Training 9

 Pressure Regulating Valves

Features
• Both are: Pneumatically Actuated,
Single Stage, Globe Valves
• Seal steam pressure regulating
valve controls seal steam header
pressure (0.5 psig (35 mbar).
• Seal steam leakoff pressure
regulating valve relieves excess
pressure [>0.5 psig (35 mbar)] to
the condenser.

For Training Only O&M Training 10

 Gland Steam Condenser

• One pass shell and tube condenser.

• Maintains a slight sub-atmospheric pressure in the gland steam header. [-2” H2O (-5 mbar)]
• Vacuum maintained by exhaust fan ≈ -4” H2O (-10 mbar)

1. Cooling Water Inlet 9. Cooling Water Drain

2. Water Box 10. Tube Sheet
3. Cooling Water Vent 11. Condenser Tube
4. Air & Non-condensed Gases Outlet 12. Baffle Plate
5. Condenser Shell 13. Condensate Outlet
6. Leak Off Steam/Air Mixture Inlet 14. Cooling Water Drain
7. Cooling Water Vent 15. Manhole
8. Cooling Water Outlet 16. Guide Plate
For Training Only O&M Training 11
 Gland Exhauster

• Blower
• Draws and maintains vacuum in Gland Exhaust Condenser ≈ -4” H2O (-10 mbar)

For Training Only O&M Training 12

For Training Only O&M Training 13
 Gland Steam System Operations

OPERATION AND CONTROL – Start Up

• Turbine External Systems Operations Readiness
• Auxiliary Steam For Shaft Seals - Available
• Condensate Pumps - In Operation
• Seal Water For Valve Glands - Available
• Control Air System - In Operation

• Turbine Internal Systems Operational Readiness

• SLC Drains – AUTO

• Shaft Seal Steam System Operational Readiness

• ASO – Select Exhauster 1 or 2

• Shaft Seal Steam System Prerequisites

• Shaft Seal Steam System - Ready For Operation
• Evacuation System - Ready For Operation
• Condenser - Ready For Operation
• Turbine Speed - N > 0.16 rps
• Condensate System - Available/In Operation
• Closed Cooling Water System - Available/In Operation
• Warm-up Valve Upstream Of Seal Steam Control Valve - Open
For Training Only O&M Training 14
 Gland Steam System Operations

OPERATION AND CONTROL – Start Up

• Shaft Seal Steam System Shutdown Status - Verify
• Seal Steam Pressure Controller - MANUAL
• SLC Seal Steam Condenser Exhauster - MANUAL (Both Exhausters – OFF)
• Solenoid Vacuum Breaker – Off/Closed
• SLC Vacuum Breaker – MANUAL
• The Vacuum Pumps Can Be Started - Wait Until Condenser Vacuum P < 11.6 psia

• Turn SLC Turbine Drains - ON

• Temperature ahead seal steam control valve - OK

• Turn SLC Seal Steam Condenser Exhauster – ON

• Seal steam condenser exhauster 1 or 2 ON

• Place Seal Steam Pressure Controller in AUTO

• Seal Steam Pressure Controller – ON
• Warm Up Valve Upstream Of Seal Steam Control Valve – CLOSED
• Monitor Seal Steam Pressure

For Training Only O&M Training 15

 Gland Steam System Operations

OPERATION AND CONTROL – Shutdown

• Shutdown of the Gland Steam System is part of the condenser shutdown

• Place Seal Steam Pressure Controller in Manual and Close

• Seal Steam Pressure Controller – ON
• Warm Up Valve Upstream Of Seal Steam Control Valve – CLOSED
• Monitor Seal Steam Pressure

• Turn SLC Seal Steam Condenser Exhauster – OFF

• Seal Steam Condenser Exhauster 1 and 2 – OFF

• Gland Steam System is Shutdown, Continue with the Condenser Shutdown.

For Training Only O&M Training 16

 Turbine Drain Systems

Tasks
• Discharge of any condensate formed in turbine or valve casings
• Enables warm-up of turbine
Design features
• Separate headers for different pressure sections lead to the condenser’s standpipe
• Drain valves are controlled by the steam turbine controller
• Drain traps for drains from low-pressure drain points

ST
drains
Condenser

Cold KH Seal Steam LP

Rehea IP Header
t
P

ST internal
drainage
Standpipe
Condenser
Condenser

Condenser

Condenser
Condenser

Condenser
Condenser

Condenser

Condenser
Condenser
Condenser

pipes
Conden
ser

For Training Only O&M Training 17

 Turbine Drains

For Training Only O&M Training 18

For Training Only O&M Training 19
 Turbine Drains Operations

OPERATION AND CONTROL

• Operation and control of the various drain valves is divided into different groups depending
upon the area being drained

• Primary control is the Sub Loop Controller Turbine Drain (SLC TD).
• SLC TD - Auto ON by SGC ST Step 4 (startup) and SGC ST Step 55 (shutdown)
• SLC TD can be turned on or off by operator
• Alarm if SLC is OFF & Condenser Vacuum < 0.8 Bara (24”HgA) & Turbine Speed > 10
rpm

Drain Groups
Upstream of MS ESV: (MAL09AA051 & MAL10AA051)
• OPEN ST SGC Step 5, or SLC TD – ON,
AND Temp Upstream ESV < 20ºC > Tsat for the present Psat

• CLOSE ST SGC Step 26, or SLC – ON,

AND Speed > 3480 rpm & Temp Upstream ESV > 50ºC > Tsat for the present Psat.

• NOTE Upon failure of superheat calculation Fails Open when power is < 13% and Fails
Closed when power is >15% power

For Training Only O&M Training 20

 Turbine Drains Operations

OPERATION AND CONTROL - Drain Groups (Continued)

Upstream of IP ESV: (MAL23AA051 & MAL24AA051)
• OPEN ST SGC Step 5

• CLOSE ST SGC Step 26

Between HP and IP ESV and CV (Ahead of CV): (MAL11AA051 & MAL26AA051)

Positioned as a function of inner wall temperature.
• OPEN ST SGC Step 5, or
ST SGC Step 60, or
ST SGC Step 18 and Upper Margin Min ESV/CV > 5º (DT T100% to T50%), or
SLC TD – ON, and Speed > 3480 rpm, & respective ESV/CV is Closed for > 300 min

• CLOSE ST SGC Step 14, or

ST SGC Step 26, or
TD SLC – ON, and Speed > 3480 rpm and respective ESV is Open

For Training Only O&M Training 21

 Turbine Drains Operations

OPERATION AND CONTROL - Drain Groups (Continued)

Downstream of HP CV’s: (MAL15AA051)
Positioned as a function of casing temperature.
• PROTECTION OPEN HP DUMP VALVE SOLENOID OFF (Open) (For HP CV ONLY)
• OPEN SLC TD – ON, and Temp HP Inner Casing < 20ºC above Tsat for Psat

• CLOSE SLC TD – ON, and Temp HP Inner Casing > 50ºC above Tsat for Psat

• NOTE SLC TD – ON, Upon failure of Steam Press Ahead HP Blading Channel (Fault) - Fails
Open when power is < 13% and Fails Closed when power is >15% power

HP / IP Turbine Casing: (MAL22AA051 & MAL22AA052)

Positioned as a function of casing temperature.
• PROTECTION OPEN HP DUMP VALVE SOLENOID OFF (Open) (For HP CV ONLY)
• OPEN SLC TD – ON, and Casing Temp < 20ºC above Tsat for Psat and Crkt CK OK

• CLOSE SLC TD – ON, and Casing Temp > 50ºC above Tsat for Psat and Crkt CK OK

• NOTE SLC TD – ON, Upon failure of Steam Press Ahead HP Blading Channel (Fault) - Fails
Open when power is < 13% and Fails Closed when power is >15% power

For Training Only O&M Training 22

 Turbine Drains Operations

OPERATION AND CONTROL - Drain Groups (Continued)

Upstream of CRH SV: (MAL65AA051)
Positioned as a function of Non-Return Valve Position.
• PROTECTION OPEN HP DUMP VALVE SOLENOID OFF (Open)
• OPEN SLC TD – ON, and Either CRH NRV – Closed > 90 sec, & Exh Temp < 380ºC

• CLOSE SLC TD – ON, and Both CRH NRVs Open > 30 sec

Upstream of LP Control Valve: (MAL37AA051)

Positioned as a function of LP Control Valve Position.
• OPEN SLC TD – ON, and LP CV – Closed > 60 sec

• CLOSE SLC TD – ON, and LP CV – Open

For Training Only O&M Training 23

 Turbine Drains Operations

OPERATION AND CONTROL - Drain Groups (Continued)

Downstream of LP Control Valve: (MAL35AA051)
Positioned as a function of LP Control Valve Position and Generator Power.
• OPEN SLC TD – ON, and LP CV – Closed or Gen Power < 13%

• CLOSE SLC TD – ON, and LP CV – Open or Gen Power > 15%

Seal Steam Supply Pipe: (MAL81AA051)

Positioned as a function Gland Steam Supply Header Temperature.
• OPEN SLC TD – ON, and Seal Steam Header Temp < 120ºC

• CLOSE SLC TD – ON, and Seal Steam Header Temp > 150ºC

For Training Only O&M Training 24