Rusli Nudin (1506674886)

Komputasi Numerik - 02

A. MATERI MATLAB

1. BISECTION (hal. 139)

EDITOR
function [root,fx,ea,iter]=bisect(func,xl,xu,es,maxit,varargin)
% bisect: root location zeroes
% [root,fx,ea,iter]=bisect(func,xl,xu,es,maxit,p1,p2,...):
% uses bisection method to find the root of func
% input:
% func = name of function
% xl, xu = lower and upper guesses
% es = desired relative error (default = 0.0001%)
% maxit = maximum allowable iterations (default = 50)
% p1,p2,... = additional parameters used by func
% output:
% root = real root
% fx = function value at root
% ea = approximate relative error (%)
% iter = number of iterations
if nargin<3,error('at least 3 input arguments required'),end
test = func(xl,varargin{:})*func(xu,varargin{:});
if test>0,error('no sign change'),end
if nargin<4|isempty(es), es=0.0001;end
if nargin<5|isempty(maxit), maxit=50;end
iter = 0; xr = xl; ea = 100;
while (1)
xrold = xr;
xr = (xl + xu)/2;
iter = iter + 1;
if xr ~= 0,ea = abs((xr - xrold)/xr) * 100;end
test = func(xl,varargin{:})*func(xr,varargin{:});
if test < 0
xu = xr;
elseif test > 0
xl = xr;
else
ea = 0;
end
if ea <= es | iter >= maxit,break,end
end
root = xr; fx = func(xr, varargin{:});

COMMAND
>> fm=@(m) sqrt(9.81*m/0.25)*tanh(sqrt(9.81*0.25/m)*4)-36;
>> [mass fx ea iter]=bisect(fm,40,200)
mass =
142.74
fx =
4.6089e-007
ea =
5.345e-005
iter =
21
2. NEWTRAPH (Hal. 161)
EDITOR
Rusli Nudin (1506674886)
Komputasi Numerik - 02

function
[root,ea,iter]=newtraph(func,dfunc,xr,es,maxit,varargin)
% newtraph: Newton-Raphson root location zeroes
% [root,ea,iter]=newtraph(func,dfunc,xr,es,maxit,p1,p2,...):
% uses Newton-Raphson method to find the root of func
% input:
% func = name of function
% dfunc = name of derivative of function
% xr = initial guess
% es = desired relative error (default = 0.0001%)
% maxit = maximum allowable iterations (default = 50)
% p1,p2,... = additional parameters used by function
% output:
% root = real root
% ea = approximate relative error (%)
% iter = number of iterations
if nargin<3,error('at least 3 input arguments required'),end
if nargin<4|isempty(es),es=0.0001;end
if nargin<5|isempty(maxit),maxit=50;end
iter = 0;
while (1)
xrold = xr;
xr = xr - func(xr)/dfunc(xr);
iter = iter + 1;
if xr ~= 0, ea = abs((xr - xrold)/xr) * 100; end
if ea <= es | iter >= maxit, break, end
end
root = xr;

COMMAND
>> y = @m sqrt(9.81*m/0.25)*tanh(sqrt(9.81*0.25/m)*4)-36;
>> dy = @m 1/2*sqrt(9.81/(m*0.25))*tanh((9.81*0.25/m)^(1/2)*4)-
9.81/(2*m)*sech(sqrt(9.81*0.25/m)*4)^2;
>> newtraph(y,dy,140,0.00001)
ans =
142.7376
3. GAUSS-SEIDEL (Hal. 289)
EDITOR
function x = GaussSeidel(A,b,es,maxit)
% GaussSeidel: Gauss Seidel method
% x = GaussSeidel(A,b): Gauss Seidel without relaxation
% input:
% A = coefficient matrix
% b = right hand side vector
% es = stop criterion (default = 0.00001%)
% maxit = max iterations (default = 50)
% output:
% x = solution vector
if nargin<2,error('at least 2 input arguments required'),end
if nargin<4|isempty(maxit),maxit=50;end
if nargin<3|isempty(es),es=0.00001;end
[m,n] = size(A);
if m~=n, error('Matrix A must be square'); end
C = A;
for i = 1:n
C(i,i) = 0;
Rusli Nudin (1506674886)
Komputasi Numerik - 02

x(i) = 0;
end
x = x';
for i = 1:n
C(i,1:n) = C(i,1:n)/A(i,i);
End
for i = 1:n
d(i) = b(i)/A(i,i);
end
iter = 0;
while (1)
xold = x;
for i = 1:n
x(i) = d(i)-C(i,:)*x;
if x(i) ~= 0
ea(i) = abs((x(i) - xold(i))/x(i)) * 100;
end
end
iter = iter+1;
if max(ea)<=es | iter >= maxit, break, end
end

COMMAND
>> K = [150 -100 0;-100 150 -50;0 -50 50]

K =

150 -100 0
-100 150 -50
0 -50 50

>> mg = [588.6; 686.7; 784.8]

mg =

1.0e+02 *

5.886000000000000
6.867000000000001
7.848000000000000

>> GaussSeidel(K,mg,0.00001,100)

ans =

41.201988193557234
55.916986225816771
71.612986225816769
4. ROMBERG (Hal. 503)
EDITOR
function [q,ea,iter]=romberg(func,a,b,es,maxit,varargin)
% romberg: Romberg integration quadrature
% q = romberg(func,a,b,es,maxit,p1,p2,...):
% Romberg integration.
% input:
Rusli Nudin (1506674886)
Komputasi Numerik - 02

% func = name of function to be integrated

% a, b = integration limits
% es = desired relative error (default = 0.000001%)
% maxit = maximum allowable iterations (default = 30)
% pl,p2,... = additional parameters used by func
% output:
% q = integral estimate
% ea = approximate relative error (%)
% iter = number of iterations
if nargin<3,error('at least 3 input arguments required'),end
if nargin<4|isempty(es), es=0.000001;end
if nargin<5|isempty(maxit), maxit=1000000;end
n = 1;
I(1,1) = trap(func,a,b,n,varargin{:});
iter = 0;
while iter<maxit
iter = iter+1;
n = 2^iter;
I(iter+1,1) = trap(func,a,b,n,varargin{:});
for k = 2:iter+1
j = 2+iter-k;
I(j,k) = (4^(k-1)*I(j+1,k-1)-I(j,k-1))/(4^(k-1)-1);
end
ea = abs((I(1,iter+1)-I(2,iter))/I(1,iter+1))*100;
if ea<=es, break; end
end
q = I(1,iter+1);

COMMAND
>> f=@(x) 0.2+25*x-200*x^2+675*x^3-900*x^4+400*x^5;
>> romberg(f,0,0.8)
ans =
1.6405
5. TRAP (Hal. 474)
EDITOR
function I = trap(func,a,b,n,varargin)
% trap: composite trapezoidal rule quadrature
% I = trap(func,a,b,n,pl,p2,...):
% composite trapezoidal rule
% input:
% func = name of function to be integrated
% a, b = integration limits
% n = number of segments (default = 100)
% pl,p2,... = additional parameters used by func
% output:
% I = integral estimate
if nargin<3,error('at least 3 input arguments required'),end
if ~(b>a),error('upper bound must be greater than lower'),end
if nargin<4|isempty(n),n=1000000;end
x = a; h = (b - a)/n;
s=func(a,varargin{:});
for i = 1 : n-1
x = x + h;
s = s + 2*func(x,varargin{:});
end
s = s + func(b,varargin{:});
Rusli Nudin (1506674886)
Komputasi Numerik - 02

I = (b - a) * s/(2*n);

COMMAND
>> v=@(t) sqrt(9.81*68.1/0.25)*tanh(sqrt(9.81*0.25/68.1)*t)
v =
@(t) sqrt(9.81*68.1/0.25)*tanh(sqrt(9.81*0.25/68.1)*t)

format long
>> trap(v,0,3,5)
ans =
41.86992959072735

>> trap(v,0,3,10000)
x =
41.94804999917528
Rusli Nudin (1506674886)
Komputasi Numerik - 02

B. TUGAS 19.2-19.4 (Menggunakan Metode Romberg dan Trap)

19.2 Evaluate this following integral
4
∫ (1 − 𝑒 −𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥
0

TRAP ROMBERG
Rusli Nudin (1506674886)
Komputasi Numerik - 02

19.3 Evaluate this following integral

𝜋/2
∫ (8 + 4 cos 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
0

TRAP ROMBERG
Rusli Nudin (1506674886)
Komputasi Numerik - 02

19.4 Evaluate this following integral

4
∫ (1 − 𝑥 − 4𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 5 ) 𝑑𝑥
−2

TRAP ROMBERG