Mk0 vo/ks'k dqekj

izksQslj ,oa foHkkxk/;{k

LoLFko`Ùk foHkkx
mÙkjk[k.M vk;qosZn fo'ofo|ky;
xq#dqy ifjlj xq#dqy dkaxM+h] gfj}kj
 iF; ifjHkk"kk
iF;a iFkks·uisra ;|pksDra eul% fiz;e~A
¼p0lw0 25½
— tks vkgkj vkfn nzO; iFk ¼'kkjhfjd lzkr
s ks½ esa vidkj ¼gkfu½ djus okyk
u gks vkSj eu ds fy, fiz; gks vFkkZr tks vkgkj nzO; 'kjhj vkSj eu ds
fy, gkfudkjd u gks mls iF; dgrs gSA
— viF; dh ifjHkk"kk
tks vkgkj vkfn nzO; tks 'kjhj ,oa eu ds fy, gkfudkjd gks mls viF;
dgrs gSA
 iF;k&iF; ds fu;ked ?kVd
ek=kdky fØ;k Hkwfensg nks"k xq.kkUrje~A
¼p0lw0 25½
1- ek=k 2- dky
3- fØ;k 4- Hkwfe
5- nsg 6- nks"k
 v"V fo/k vkgkj fof/k fo'ks"kk;ru
— r= [kfYoekU;"Vkogkj fof/k fo'ks"kk;rukfu HkofUr r|Fkk&izÑfrdj.k
la;ksxjkf'k ns'k dkyksi;ksxlaLFkksi;ksDrk v"Vekfu ¼HkofUr½A
¼p0fo0 1@21½
1- izÑfr ¼LoHkko½ & eawx&y?kq] mMn&xq#
2- dj.k & lLdkjks dj.k ere~ lLdkjks fg xq.kkUrj/kkue~ mP;rs
ty] vfXu la;ksx] 'kkSp ns'k dky] Hkkouk dkykid"kZ] Hkkstu ¼ik=½
3- la;ksx & fo'ks"k dk;Z djus okyk
e/kq $ ?k`r & fo"k ¼'kh?kz ekjd½
e/kq $ eNyh $ nqX/k &dq"B dkjd
4- jkf'k & ek=k&vek=k Qy fofu'p;kFkZ
¼i½ loZxzg & ^^loZL; fg xzg loZxzg** & lHkh dks ,d lkFk feykdj
¼ii½ ifjxzzg & ^^loZr'p fg xzg ifjxzg** & lHkh dks vyx vyx xzg.k
djuk
5- ns'k & ^^ns'k%iqu% LFkkua**
tks O;fDr ftl ns'k ds jgrk gS ml O;fDr dks mlh ns'k esa mRié gksus
okys vkgkj ,oa vkS"kf/k nzO; lkRE; vFkkZr iF; gksrs gSA
6- dky & ^^dkyks fg fUkR;x vkofLFkd'p**
1-vkofLFkd& fodkjkis{krs
2-fuR;x & _rq lkRE; dh vis{kk djrk gSA
7- mi;ksx laLFkk & ^^mi;ksx laLFkk rwi;ksx fu;e% lth.kZ y{k.kkis{k%**
8- mi;ksDrk & vkgkj nzO;ks dk mi;ksx djus okyk blds v/khu vksdlkRE;
gksrk gSA
 vkgkj fof/k fo/kku
1- m".k vkgkj djuk pkfg, &
Ø Hkkstu esa Lokn
Ø mnj dh vfXu rhoz
Ø ok;q dk vuqykseu
Ø dQ dk 'kks"k.k

2- fLuX/k &
Ø vkgkj djuk pkfg,
Ø Hkkstu Loknq
Ø mnj ?kh vfXu rhoz
Ø 'kh?kz ikpu
Ø ok;q dk vuqykseu
Ø bfUnz;ks dks nz<+ djrk gS
Ø cy o.kZ c<+krk gSA
3- ek=k iwoZd vkgkj &
Ø foo/kZ;fr dsoya
Ø lq[ka xqneuq i;ksfr
4- igys dk vkgkj th.kZ gksus ij Hkkstu djuk pkfg, &
,slk u djus ls vth.kZ esa Hkkstu djus ij lHkh nks"k 'kh?kz izdqfir
gks tkrs gSA
5- b"V ns'k eas vkgkj ls ykHk & vfiz; LFkku esa eu dks fo?kkr djus
okys Hkkoks ds }kjk gksus okys ekufld fodkj izkIr ugh gksrs gSA
6- vfræqr Hkkstu us gkfu &
Ø vkgkj mUekxZ esa pyk tkrk gSA
Ø Hkkstu dk volkn gksrk gSA
Ø Hkkstu dk ikpu Bhd ls ugh gksrk gSA
7- vfr foyfEcr vkgkj ls gkfu &
Ø Hkkstu esa r`fIr ugh gksrh gSA
Ø vkgkj vf/kd ek=k esa gks tkrk gSA
Ø vkgkj 'khry gks tkrk gSA
Ø vkgkj dk ikd fo"ke gksrk gSA
8- rUeuk Hkkstu djuk pkfg, &
Ø okrkZyki u djus gq,] u galrs gq, Hkkstu djuk pkfg,
Ø ,slk u djus ij vkgkj mUekxhZ gks tkrk gS vkSj mldk ikpu
ugha gks ikrk gSA
9- vkRe 'kfDr ds vuqlkj Hkkstu djuk pkfg, &
10-voh;Z fo:) Hkkstu djuk pkfg, &
 oSjksf/kd vkgkj dh ifjHkk"kk
;r~ fdafpnks"kHkklzkR; u fugZjfr dk;r%A
vkgkjtkra rr~ loZekgrk;ksii|rsAA
¼p0lw0 27@28½
tks dksbZ vkgkj nzO; ;k vkS"kf/k nks"kks dks vius LFkku ls mHkkj ns ij mls
'kjhj ls ckgj u fudkys] os lHkh vkgkj nzO; vfgrdj gksrs gSA
 oSjksf/kd vkgkj ds ?kVd ¼18½
1- ns'k fo:) & vkuwi & 'khry] fLuX/k] tkaxy&:{k ,oa rh{.kA
2- dky fo:) & 'khrdky & 'khry] #{k vkfn vkgkj ,oa vkS"k/k
xzh"edky & dVq m".k vkfn vkgkj nzO;ks dk lsou
3- vfXu fo:) & viuh viuh vfXu ds leku vkgkj dk lsou u djukA
4- ek=k fo:) & e/kq ,oa ?kh dks leHkkx feykdj [kkuk
5- lkRE; fo:) & ftldks dVqjl] m".k oh;Z vkgkj izÑfr ds vuqdwy gks
x;k gS mls e/kqj jl vkSj 'khroh;Z vkgkj lkRE; fo:)
6- nks"k fo:) & nks"kks ds leku xq.k okys vkgkj ,oa vkS"k/k ,oa deZ dk
loZnk vH;kl nks"k fo:) gksrk gSA
7- laLdkj fo:) & ,j.M dh ydMh esa Nsndj Ekksj dk ekal [kkukA
8- oh;Z fo:) &'khroh;Z okys nzO;ks ds lkFk m".k oh;Z okys nzO;ks dk lsou
djukA
9- dks"B fo:) & Øwj dks"B & ek=k esa cgqr de] eanoh;Z vkSj ey dks ugh
ykus okykA
e`nq dks"B & xq# nzO; ey dks ykus okys nzO;
10-voLFkk fo:) & ifjJe] eSFkqu] O;k;ke bu dk;ks± esa yxs gq, O;fDr ds
}kjk & okr o/kZd vkgkj fogkj dk lsou
vkylh vf/kd lksus okys O;fDr;ks }kjk&dQo/kZd vkgkj fogkj dk lsou
djuk
11-Øe fo#) & eyew= dk R;kx fd;s fcuk Hkkstu djuk fcuk Hkw[k yxs
Hkkstu djukA
12-ifjgkj fo#) & lwvj vkfn dk ekal [kkdj m".k oLrqvksa dk lsou
djukA
13-mipkj fo#) & tks O;fDr ?k`r vkfn Lusgks dks ihdj 'khry ty ,oa
vkgkj dk lsou djrk gSA
14-ikd fo#) & Hkkstu dks Bhd rjg ls u idkuk vFkok nwf"kr ydfM;ks
ij idkukA
15-la;ksx fo#) & vEy jl vFkkZr [kV~Vs nzO;ks dks nw/k ds lkFk lsou
djukA
16-ân; fo#) & tks vkgj vius euks vuqdwy u gks mldk lsou
djuk ân; fo#) dgykrk gSA
17-lain fo#) & ftl vkgkj ;k vkS"kf/k esa mfpr #i ls jl u
mRiUu gq, gks vFkok ftldk jl izkjfEHkd voLFkk esa foÑr gks x;k
gks budk lsou djukA
18-fof/k fo#) & ,dkUr esa Hkkstu u djuk fof/k fo#) dgykrk gSA
 fo#)kgkj ls gksus okys jksx ¼pjd½
1- uiqladrk 9- vEyfiÙk
2- xzg.kh 10- dq"B
3- vke fo"k 11- mUekn
4- 'kksFk 12- HkxUnj
5- tyksnj
6- ik.Mq
7- Toj
8- ihul
 lHkh izkf.k;ks ds fy, iF;re nzO; ¼lqJqr½

yky pkoy e.Mwdi.khZ

lknh pkoy xk; dk nw/k
elwj lSU/ko yo.k
eawx vukj
thoUrh
okLrwd
xk; dk ?kh

^^fo#)oh;kZlu fufUnr O;kf/k djk.kka**

 ,dkUr fgrdkjh nzO;A ¼lqJqr½
— nqX/k & ?k`r
— ty & pkoyksa dk Hkkr

,dkUr vfgrdkjh nzO;

— fo"k
— vfXu
— {kkj
 vuqiku

;nkgkjxq.kS% ikua foijhr rfn";rsA

vUukuqikua /kkrwuka n"Va ;= fojksf/k pAA
¼p0lw0 27½
Ø tks is; inkFkZ vkgkj ds xq.kksa ls foijhr xq.k okyk gksrk gS ,oa /kkrqvks
dk fojksf/k u gks mls vuqiku dgrs gSA
Ø Je djus ds ckn & nw/k dk vuqiku Js"B
Ø Ñ'k O;fDr dh iqf"V ds fy, & lqjk dk vuqiku mÙke
Ø LFkwy O;fDr dks Ñ'k cukus & e/kq ,oa ty dk vuqiku
Ø lqJqrkuqlkj & ekgsUnz ty & loZJ"s B vuqiku
LoHkko ls iF;re ,oa viF;re æO;
u- uke iF;re viF;re
1 'kwd/kkU; yksfgr 'kkfy ;od ¼tbZ½
¼yky pkoy½
2 'keh/kkU; eqnx~ ¼ewax½ ek"k¼mM+n½
3 ty vkdk'kh; ty o"kkZ _rq dk ty
4 yo.k lSU/ko yo.k vkS"kj yo.k
5 'kkd thoUrh l"kZi ¼ljlks½
6 e`xekal ,.k ¼fo'ks"ke`x½ xksekal
7 i{khekal ykok dk.k dcwrj ¼taxyh
dcwrj½
8 foy'k; izk.kh xks/kk ¼xksg½ es<d
+ ekal
u- uke iF;re viF;re
9 eNyh jksgw fpyfpe
10 ?k`r xks?k`r HksM dk nw/k
11 nqX/k xksnqX/k HksM+ dk nw/k
12 LFkkoj Lusg fry rSy dqlqEHk ¼cjsZ½ dk rSy
13 vkuwi e`x lwvj HkSl
14 eNyh dh pchZ pqryqdh dqEHkhj
15 typj i{kh ikd gal dkdeqnx
16 pksap ls [kksndj eqxkZ pVd ¼xkSjS;k½
[kkus okyks esa
17 vtesn 'kk[kk cdjh gkFkh
[kkus okyks esa
18 Qy e`f)dk ¼eqUkDdk½ ydqp ¼c<+gj½
19 Dan vnj[k vkyw
20 b{kq fodkj 'kdZjk jkc
 iF; dk egRo
iF;s lfr xnkrZL; fdekS"k/k% fu"kso.kS%A
iF;s·lfr xnkrZL; fdekS"k/k% fu"kso.kS%AA
iF; lsou djus ij fdlh Hkh vkS"kf/k dh vko';drk ugh gksrh gS vkSj
iF; dk lsou u djus ij Hkh fdlh vkS"kf/k dh vko';drk ugh gksrh gSA
^^gjhrdh iF;kuke~**A
^^iz'ke% iF;kuke~**AA
¼pjdlw= 25½
/kU;okn