Sudhanshu Kumar Singh Mr.

Yashwant Mohan Sir

Roll Num- 1542821023 (HOD of EN/EC Department)
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL DISCUSSION ON SUB -STATION
Equipments :-
 Lightning arrester (L.A.)
 Isolator
 Instrument transformers :-C.T. & P.T.
 Circuit breaker :- definition & types
 Bus bar
 Power transformer:-introduction & main parts
 Protective relays :- Introduction & Buchhloz
relay
SUMMARY
 Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL) is the company
responsible for electricity transmission and distribution within the Indian
state of Uttar Pradesh. Its chairman is Shri Alok Kumar.

 For efficient operation & management Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation

Limited (UPPCL) is further restructured into:-
1. Dakshinanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (DVVNL) - Agra Zone
2. Madhyanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (MVVNL) – Lucknow Zone
3. Pashchimanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (PVVNL) - Meerut Zone
4. Purvanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (PUVVNL) - Varanasi Zone
5. Kanpur Electricity Supply Company(KESCO) - Kanpur City
6. Lucknow Electricity Supply Administration (LESA) - Lucknow City
7. Uttar Pradesh Power Transmission Limited (UPPTCL) - State Transmission
Utility
 Part of Electricity Generation
 Transmission of Electricity
 Distribution of Electricity
 Voltage is Transform High to
Low or vice-versa using
Transformers.

Ex.-
1. 400kV/220kV substation
2. 220kV/132kV substation
3. 132kV/33kV substation
4. 33kV/11kV substation
5. 33kV/400V substation
 It is divided into two parts:-

A. Panel Section
 Control Panel Section
 Relay and Protection Panel
Section
 Battery Section
B. Switch Yard
 33kV Section
 11kV section
It is a room which contains all types of panels.

 It has three sections:-

 Control Panel Section
It contain panels related to controlling of
instruments. E.g.:- feeder panel, transformer
panel, etc.
 Relay And Protection Panel Section
It contains panels related to relay systems and
protection systems. E.g.:- Relay panel, line
protection panel, Circuit Breaker Trolley Casing etc.
 Battery Section
It contains the battery, battery Charger etc.
Images
It is the field where components used in controlling
supply and measuring supply(incoming and
outgoing) are placed.

Some of these components are:-

 Bus Bar
 Isolators
 Current Transformer
 Potential Transformer
 Circuit Breaker
 Light Arrester
 Power Transformers
 Earthing Pit Images-
 It is also know as Lightning diverter.

 Device used to protect

the insulation and conductors of the
system from the damaging effects
of lightning.
 Used for completely DE-ENERGISED the electrical
circuit for SERVICE or MAINTENANCE.
Separate the circuit at NO LOAD CONDITION.
 A mechanical switching device.
Arm which
is movable

Lever
for
Conc.
And
discon.
 INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS are used for measurement and protective
applications together with equipment's such as meters & relays.

 Types-
A) CURRENT TRANSFORMER B) POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER
 Automatically Operated
ELECTRICAL SWITCH.
Designed to protect the ckt. from
overload or SHORT CKT.
Separate Healthy & Faulty
Section of circuit.
Operate at ON LOAD Condition.
 A Static Device.
Transfer Power from One circuit to another
circuit.
No Change in FREQUENCY.
At both end Apparent power(VA) is same.
Principle-FARADAY ’s LAW of
ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION.
Types- 1. STEP UP TRANSFORMER::
O/P Voltage > I/P Voltage.
2. STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER ::
O/P Voltage < I/P Voltage.
1. OTI (Oil
Temperature
Instrument)
2. WTI
(Winding
Temperature
Instrument)
 A gas actuated relay.
 It is installed in b/w the conservator and the main tank.
 PRINCIPLE:- Whenever a fault occurs inside the transformers, the oil of the
tank gets overheated and gases are generated. The heat generated by the
high local current causes the transformer oil to decompose and produce gas
which can be used to detect the faults.
 DC battery shell be installed in the power house for
o Emergency power. One Battery =2V
o Protection. No. of battery = 12
o Alarm and indication. Total Voltage=24V

Boost Charger
Protective Relay is a sensing device and is designed to
detect operating conditions on an electric circuit.
It trips the circuit breaker when fault is detected.

TYPES OF RELAY
 Overcurrent relay
 Differential relay
 Directional Relay
 Negative Sequence
Relay