SCHOOL LEVEL SUBJECTIVE

Type (I) : Very Short Answer Type Questions : [01 Mark Each]

1. Evaluate the following :

1
(i) i457 (ii) (iii) i30 + i40 + i60

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z1
2. If z1 = 2 + 3i and z2 = 1 + 2i, then find z
2

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3. Express each one of the following in the standard form a + ib.

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1 1
(i) 3  4 i (ii)
2 3

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4. Find the conjugate of 3  4 i .

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5. Find the multiplicative inverse of : 1 – i

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Type (II) : Short Answer Type Questions : [02 Marks Each]

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6. Show that
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in + in+1 + in+2 + in+3 = 0, for all n  N

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7. Find the values of

i592  i590  i588  i586  i584
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i582  i580  i578  i576  i574
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 2  3i   2  3i 
8. Prove that the complex number  3  4 i    is purely real
   3  4i 
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9. Find the values of x and y for which the following hold :

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(1 + i)y2 + (6 + i) = (2 + i)x

(1  i)2
10. Express the complex number in the standard form. Also, find its conjugate :
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3i

Type (III) : Long Answer Type Questions: [04 Mark Each]

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 z1  z1
11. If z1, z2 are complex numbers, then prove that    , z2  0
 z2  z2
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12. Find the square root of 5 + 12i

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 z1 z 2 
13. If z1, z2 are 1 – i, –2 + 4i, respectively, find Im  z 
 1 
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14. Find real values of x and y for which the following equality holds :
(x4 + 2xi) – (3x2 + iy) = (3 – 5i) + (1 + 2iy)
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15. Find the value of x3 + 7x2 – x + 16 when x = 1 + 2i

 Type (IV) : Very Long Answer Type Questions: [06 Mark Each]

16. If z1, z2  C, then show that

|az1 – bz2|2 + |bz1 + az2|2 = (a2 + b2) (|z1|2 + |z2|2), where a, b  R
c i
17. If a + ib = , where c is real, prove that
c i

b 2c

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a2 + b2 = 1 and = 2

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a c 1

18. Prove that, the sum and product of two complex numbers are real if and only if they are conjugate of each
other.

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a  ib a  ib a2  b2
19. If = x + iy, prove that = x – iy and 2 = x2 + y2
c  id c  id c  d2

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1  iz
20. If z = x + iy and w = show that || = 1  z is purely real.

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zi

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EXERCISE-1
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PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
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Section (A) : Algebraic manipulation, Argument, Modulus and conjugate

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A-1. Find the real values of x and y for which the following equation is satisfied :

(1  i) x  2i (2  3i) y  i x y 5  6i
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(i) + =i (ii) + =
3i 3i 1  2i 3  2i 8i  1
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(iii) x2 – y2 – i (2x + y) = 2i (iv) (2 + 3i) x2 – (3 – 2i) y = 2x – 3y + 5i

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(v) 4x2 + 3xy + (2xy – 3x 2) i = 4y2 – (x 2/2) + (3xy – 2y2) i

A-2. Find the modulus, argument and the principal argument of the complex numbers.
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18 18
(i) z = 1 + cos + i sin (ii) z = 2 (cos 30° + i sin 30°)
25 25
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i 1
(iii) (tan 1 – i)2 (iv)
 2  2
i 1  cos   sin
 5  5
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A-3. Simplify and express the result in the form of a + bi :

2
 4 i3  i  1
(i)  i (9 + 6 i) (2  i)1 (ii)   (iii)
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 2i  1  (1  cos )  2 i sin 

(iv) i  i
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Section (B) : Complex Equation

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B-1. (i) Let z is a complex number satisfying the equation, z3 – (3 + i) z + m + 2i = 0, where m  R.

Suppose the equation has a real root, then find the value of m.
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(ii) a, b, c are real numbers in the polynomial, P(z) = 2z4 + az3 + bz2 + cz + 3. If two roots of the
equation P(z) = 0 are 2 and i,then find the value of 'a'.
B-2. (i) Find the real values of x and y for which z1 = 9y2 – 4 – 10ix and z2 = 8y2 – 20i are conjugate
 complex of each other.
(ii) Find the value of x4 – x3 + x2 + 3x – 5 if x = 2 + 3i

B-3. Solve the following for z:

z2 – (3 – 2i) z = (5i – 5)

B-4. If z = x + iy is a complex number such that z = (a + ib)2 then

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(i) find z , (ii) show that x2 + y2 = (a2 + b2)2

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B-5. If |z – 2| = 2 |z – 1|, where z is a complex number, prove |z|2 = Re (z) using
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(i) polar form of z, (ii) z = x + iy, (iii) modulus, conjugate properties

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B-6. For any two complex numbers z1, z2 and any two real numbers a, b show that
|az1 – bz2|2 + |bz1 + az2|2 = (a2 + b2) (|z1|2 + |z2|2)

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Section (C) : Geometry and Locus of Complex Number

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C-1. Interpret the following locii in z  C.

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(i) 1 < z  2i < 3 (ii) Im (z)  1
(iii) Arg (z  a) = /3 where a = 3 + 4i.
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(iv)
 z  2i 
Re    4 (z  2i) C l (v) Arg (z + i) – Arg (z – i) = /2

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 iz  2 
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C-2. If z  2 + i = 2, then find the greatest and least value of z.

C-3. If |z + 3|  3 then find minimum and maximum values of

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(i) |z| (ii) |z – 1| (iii) |z + 1|
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 3
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C-4. Plot the region represented by Re (z)  2, m(z)  2 and  arg(z)  .

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C-5. If |z1| = |z2| = ...... = |zn| = 1 then show that

1 1 1 1
(i) z1 = z (ii) |z1 + z2 + ..... + zn| = z  z  ......  z .
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1 1 2 n

1 1 1
And hence interpret that the centroid of polygon with 2n vertices z1, z2, ....... zn , z , z , ........ z
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1 2 n
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(need not be in order) lies on real axis.

 z  8i  
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C-6. Let  Arg   =±

 z6  2

 z  8i 
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 : Re   =0
 z6 
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Show that locus of z in  or  lies on x2 + y 2 + 6x – 8y = 0. Hence show that locus of z can also be
z  8i z  8i
represented by + = 0. Further if locus of z is expressed as |z + 3 – 4i| = R, then find R.
z6 z6
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C-7. Show that z z + (4 – 3i)z + (4 + 3i) z + 5 = 0 represents circle. Hence find centre and radius.
 Section (D) : Rotation

D-1. The three vertices of a triangle are represented by the complex numbers, 0, z1 and z2. If the triangle
is equilateral, then show that z12 + z22 = z1z2 . Further if z0 is circumcentre then prove that z12 + z22 =
3z02.

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D-2. If O is origin and affixes of P, Q, R are respectively z, iz, z + iz. Locate the points on complex plane.

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If PQR = 200 then find (i) |z| (ii) sides of quadrilateral OPRQ

D-3. Let z1 , z2 , z3 are three pair wise distinct complex numbers and t1, t 2, t3 are non-negative real numbers

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such that t 1 + t 2 + t 3 = 1. Prove that the complex number z = t 1z1 + t 2z2 + t3z3 lies inside a triangle with
vertices z1, z2, z3 or on its boundary.

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D-4. Complex numbers z1 , z2 , z3 are the vertices A, B, C respectively of an isosceles right angled triangle

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with right angle at C, show that (z1 – z2)2 = 2(z1 – z3) (z3 – z2)

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D-5. Let z1 = 10 + 6i and z2 = 4 + 6i. If z is any complex number such that the argument of (z – z1) / (z – z2)

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is /4, then prove that |z – 7 – 9i| = 3 2 .

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D-6. Dividing polynomial f(z) by z – i, we get the remainder i and dividing it by z + i, we get the remainder
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1 + i. Find the remainder upon the division of f(z) by z2 + 1.
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Section (E) : DMoivre's Theorem, cube root of unity and nth root of unity.
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E-1. If ( 3 + i) 100 = 299 (a + ib), then find

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(i) a2 + b2 (ii) b
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E-2. If n is a positive integer, prove the following
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 n
(i) (1 + cos i sin )n + (1 + cos – i sin )n = 2n + 1 cosn cos .
2 2
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n n
1
(ii) (1 + i)n + (1 – i) n = 2 2 . cos
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E-3. Solve (z – 1) 4 – 16 = 0. Find sum of roots. Locate roots, sum of roots and centroid of polygon formed by
roots in complex plane.

   
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E-4. If x r = cos   + i sin   , prove that x1 x2 x3....... upto infinity = i.

 r
3  r 3
E-5. Find the value(s) of the following
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3 3/ 4
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 1 3  1 3
  
(i) (ii)   
2 2 
  2 2 
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Hence find continued product if two or more distinct values exists.

E-6. If x = 1 + i 3 ; y = 1 – i 3 and z = 2, then prove that xp + yp = zp for every prime p > 3.
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E-7. If a = ei, b = ei, c = ei and cos  + cos  + cos = 0 = sin  + sin  + sin , then prove the following
(i) a+b+c=0 (ii) ab + bc + ca = 0
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(iii) a2 + b2 + c2 = 0 (iv)  cos 2 = 0 =  sin 2

(v)  sin2  =  cos2  = 3/2
D
 PART - II : OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.

Section (A) : Algebraic manipulation, Argument, Modulus and Conjugate

5
A-1. If z is a complex number such that |z| = 4 and arg(z) = , then z is equal to

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(A) – 2 3 + 2i (B) 2 3 + i (C) 2 3 – 2i (D) – 3 +i

6  6 

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A-2. The argument of the complex number sin + i 1  cos  is
5  5 

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6 5 9 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)

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5 6 10 5

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  1  i   i   |z| 
A-3. If z = (1 + i)4   , then   equals
 

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4    i 1  i   amp ( z ) 

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(A) 1 (B)  (C) 3 (D) 4

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A-4. The complex numbers sin x + i cos 2x and cos x – i sin 2x are conjugate to each other, for
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(A) x = n (B) x = 0 (C) x  (D) no value of x
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2
A-5.
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If z = (3 + 7i) (p + iq), where p, q   – {0}, is purely imaginary, then minimum value of |z|2 is
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(A) 0 (B) 58 (C) (D) 3364
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A-6. Let i =  1 . Define a sequence of complex number by z1 = 0, zn+1 = zn2 + i for n  1. In the complex
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plane, how far from the origin is z111?

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(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 100

A-7*. POQ is a straight line through the origin O . P and Q represent the complex number a + i b and c + i
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d respectively and OP = OQ. Then

(A) |a + i b| = | c + i d| (B) a + c = b + d
(C) arg (a + i b) = arg (c + i d) (D) none of these
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A-8*. If |z1 + z2|2 = |z1|2 + |zz|2 then

d

z1 z1
(A) z is purely real (B) z is purely imaginary
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2 2

z1 
(C) z1z 2  z 2 z1 = 0 (D) amp may be equal to
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z2 2

Section (B) : Geometry and Locus of Complex Number

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B-1. The curve represented by Re(z2) = 4 is

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(A) a parabola (B) an ellipse (C) a circle (D) a rectangular hyperbola

B-2. The inequality |z – 4| < | z – 2| represents :
(A) Re(z) > 0 (B) Re(z) < 0 (C) Re (z) > 2 (D) Re(z) > 3
D

B-3. The number of solutions of the system of equations Re (z2) = 0, |z| = 2 is

(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 1
 z 1
B-4. If z ( – 1) is a complex number such that is purely imaginary, then |z| is equal to
z 1
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 5

z  5i
B-5. The complex number z = x + iy which satisfy the equation  1 lie on :
z  5i

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(A) the x-axis (B) the straight line y = 5
(C) a circle passing through the origin (D) the y-axis


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B-6. If Arg (z – 2 – 3i) = , then the locus of z is
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(A) (B)

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(C) (D)
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B-7. The locus of z which lies in shaded region is best represented by
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  
(A) |z|  1,  arg z  (B) |z|  1,  arg z  0 1
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2 2 2

  –i
(C) |z|  0, 0  arg z  (D) |z|  1,  arg z 
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2 2

| z  1  i |  2
B-8. The system of equations  , where z is a complex number has :
Re z  1
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(A) no solution (B) exactly one solution

(C) two distinct solutions (D) infinite solution
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B-9. If z1, z2, z3 are vertices of an equilateral triangle inscribed in the circle |z| = 2 and if z1 = 1 + i 3 , then

(A) z2 = – 2, z3 = 1 + i 3 (B) z2 = 2, z3 = 1 – i 3
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(C) z2 = – 2, z3 = 1 – i 3 (D) z2 = 1 – i 3 , z3 = – 1 – i 3
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B-10. The equation |z – 1|2 + |z + 1|2 = 2 represents

(A) a circle of radius '1' (B) a straight line
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(C) the ordered pair (0, 0) (D) none of these

B-11. The region of Argand diagram defined by |z – 1| + |z + 1|  4 is :

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(A) interior of an ellipse (B) exterior of a circle

 (C) interior and boundary of an ellipse (D) none of these
B-12. Let z1 and z2 be two non real complex cube roots of unity and |z –z1|2 + |z – z2|2 = be the equation of
a circle with z1, z2 as ends of a diameter then the value of  is

(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 2

B-13. The points z1, z2, z3, z4 in the complex plane are the vertices of a parallelogram taken in order if and
only if :

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(A) z1 + z4 = z2 + z3 (B) z1 + z3 = z2 + z4 (C) z1 + z2 = z3 + z4 (D) none

B-14*. The equation |z – i| + |z + i| = k, k > 0, can represent

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(A) an ellipse if k > 2 (B) line segment if k = 2
(C) an ellipse if k = 5 (D) line segment if k = 1

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B-15*. The equation ||z + i| – |z – i|| = k represents

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(A) a hyperbola if 0 < k < 2 (B) a pair of ray if k > 2
(C) a straight line if k = 0 (D) a pair of ray if k = 2

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B-16*. If z satisfies the inequality |z – 1 – 2i|  1, then

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3 
(A) min (arg (z)) = tan–1  
ss esmax (arg(z)) =
(B)

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4
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(C) min (|z|) = 5 –1 (D) max (|z|) = 5 +1
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Section (C) : DMoviers Theorem, cube root of unity and nth root of unity.
C-1. If (cos + i sin) (cos 2 + i sin 2) ... (cos n + i sin n) = 1, then the value of  is
s:
3m 2m 4m  m
(A) ,mZ (B) ,mZ (C) n (n  1) , m  Z (D) n (n  1) , m  Z
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n (n  1) n (n  1)
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C-2. If x = a + b + c, y = a + b + c and z = a + b + c, where  and  are imaginary cube roots of unity,

then xyz =
(A) 2(a3 + b3 + c3) (B) 2(a3 – b3 – c3) (C) a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc (D) a3 – b3 – c3
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  2   3    4
C-3. If 1, 1, 2, 3, 4 be the roots of x5  1 = 0, then find the value of   1 . . .
2 2 2
  1    2    3    4
2
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(where  is imaginary cube root of unity.)

(A)  (B)  (C) 1 (D) – 1
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C-4*. If |z1| = |z2| = |z3| = 1 and z1, z2, z3 are represented by the vertices of an equilateral triangle then
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(A) z1 + z2 + z3 = 0 (B) z1z2z3 = 1

(C) z1z2 + z2z3 + z3z1 = 0 (D) none of these
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PART - III : ASSERTION / REASONING

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1. Let z1, z2, z3 represent vertices of a triangle.

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1 1 1
STATEMENT-1 : z  z  z  z  z  z = 0, when triangle is equilateral.
1 2 2 3 3 1
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 STATEMENT-2 : |z1|2 – z1 z 0 – z1 z0 = |z2|2 – z2 z 0 – z 2 z0 = |z3|2 – z3 z 0 – z 3 z0, where z0 is circumcentre
of triangle.
(A) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is correct explanation for
STATEMENT-1
(B) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is not correct explanation for
STATEMENT-1
(C) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is false

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(D) STATEMENT-1 is false, STATEMENT-2 is true

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(E) Both STATEMENTS are false

2. Let 1, 1, 2, 3,......., n  1 be the n, nth roots of unity,

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 2 3 (n  1)  n
STATEMENT-1 : sin . sin . sin ........ sin = n1 .
n n n n 2

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STATEMENT-2 : (1 1) (1 2) (1 3)........ (1  n  1 ) = n.
(A) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is correct explanation for

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STATEMENT-1
(B) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is not correct explanation for
STATEMENT-1

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(C) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is false

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(D) STATEMENT-1 is false, STATEMENT-2 is true
(E) Both STATEMENTS are false
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3. STATEMENT-1 : Roots of the equation (1 + z)6 + z6 = 0 are collinear.

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STATEMENT-2 : If z1, z2, z3 are in A.P. then points represented by z1, z2, z3 are collinear

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(A) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is correct explanation for
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STATEMENT-1
(B)
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STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is not correct explanation for
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STATEMENT-1
(C) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is false
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(D) STATEMENT-1 is false, STATEMENT-2 is true
(E) Both STATEMENTS are false
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EXERCISE-2
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PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

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z2
1. Given that, z  1 = 1, where ' z ' is a point on the argand plane. Show that = i tan (arg z).
z
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p q r
2_. If q r p = 0; where p, q, r are the modulus of non-zero complex numbers u, v, w respectively, prove
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r p q
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2
w  w u
that, arg = arg   .
v  v u 
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
3. If z1 & z2 both satisfy the relation, z + z = 2 z  1 and arg (z1  z2) = , then find the imaginary part
4
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of (z1 + z2).
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4. Prove that, with regard to the quadratic equation z2 + (p + ip) z + q + iq = 0; where p, p, q, q are all
real.
(a) if the equation has one real root then q 2  pp  q + qp 2 = 0.
D

(b) if the equation has two equal roots then p2  p2 = 4q & pp = 2q .
State whether these equal roots are real or complex.
 5. If a and b are positive integer such that N = (a + ib)3 – 107i is a positive integer. Find the value of N.

6. If the biquadratic x 4 + ax3 + bx 2 + cx + d = 0 (a, b, c, d  R) has 4 non real roots, two with sum 3 + 4i
and the other two with product 13 + i. Find the value of 'b'.

7. Let z1, z2, z3 be three distinct complex numbers satisfying, z11 = z21 = z31. Let A, B & C be
the points represented in the Argand plane corresponding to z1, z2 and z3 respectively. Prove that
z1 + z2 + z3 = 3 if and only if  ABC is an equilateral triangle.

/
om
8. If a1, a2, a3.... an, A1, A 2, A 3..... An, k are all real numbers, then prove that
2 2 2
A1 A2 An
  ......  = k has no imaginary roots.

.c
x  a1 x  a 2 x  an

ol
n 1
n
9. If  is imaginary nth (n  3) root of unity then show that  (n  r )  r
=

l
1 

ak
r 1

n 1
2r n 
Hence deduce that  (n  r ) sin = cot .

h
r 1
n 2 n

.b
es
a ss
10. Prove that :

w
(a) cos x + nC1 cos 2x + nC2
l
C + C cos (n + 1) x = 2 . cos
cos 3x +..... n n n x  n  2
. cos   x

w
n
2  2 
TA

//w  n  2
GU P

x
(b) sin x + nC1 sin 2x + nC2 sin 3x +..... + nCn sin (n + 1) x = 2n. cosn . sin   x
2  2 
s:
11. Find the locus of mid-point of line segment intercepted between real and imaginary axes, by the line
tp

a z  a z  b  0 , where ‘b’ is real parameter and ‘a’ is a fixed complex number such that Re(a)  0,
m(a)  0.
ht

12. Find the real values of the parameter ‘a’ for which at least one complex number
z = x + iy satisfies both the equality z  ai = a + 4 and the inequality z  2 < 1.
om

13. Let z1 & z2 be any two arbitrary complex numbers then prove that
Fr

z1 z2
(i) |z1 + z2| = | z | | z 2 |  | z | | z1 |
1 2
d

1 z1 z
(ii) z1 + z2  z  z2   2 .
de

1
2 z1 z2

14. The points A, B, C represent the complex numbers z1, z2, z3 respectively on a complex plane & the
oa

1
angle B & C of the triangle ABC are each equal to (   ) . Show that
2
nl


ow

(z2  z3)² = 4 (z3  z1) (z1  z2) sin2 .

2
D
 PART - II : OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Single choice type

1. The set of values of a  R for which x2 + i(a – 1) x + 5 = 0 will have a pair of conjugate imaginary roots
is
(A) R (B) {1}

/
om
(C) {a : a2 – 2a + 21 > 0} (D) none of these

1 
2. sin–1  ( z  1)  , where z is nonreal, can be the angle of a triangle if
 i 

.c
(A) Re(z) = 1, m(z) = 2 (B) Re(z) = 1, 0 <m (z)  1
(C) Re(z) + m(z) = 0

ol
(D) none of these

 11   11 

l
3. The principal value of the arg(z) and z of the complex number z = 1 + cos   + i sin   are

ak
 9   9 
respectively :

h
11   7 7 2 7  

.b
(A) , 2 cos (B)  , 2 cos (C) , 2 cos (D)  ,  2 cos
18 18 18 18 9 18 9 18
s s es

w
la
4. If z1 =  3 + 5 i; z2
C
=  5  3 i and z is a complex number lying on the line segment joining

w
z1 & z2, then arg(z) can be :
TA

3  //w  5
(A)  (B) 
GU P

(C) (D)
4 4 6 6

1
 
s:
5. In G.P. the first term & common ratio are both 3  i , then the absolute value of its nth term is :
2
tp

(A) 1 (B) 2n (C) 4n (D) none

x y
 
ht

6. If z = x + iy and z1/3 = a  ib then   k a 2  b 2 where k =

a b
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
om

7. Let A, B, C represent the complex numbers z1, z2, z3 respectively on the complex plane. If the
circumcentre of the triangle ABC lies at the origin, then the orthocentre is represented by the complex
Fr

number :
(A) z1 + z2  z3 (B) z2 + z3  z1 (C) z3 + z1  z2 (D) z1 + z2 + z3
d

n
 1 i 
8. The least value of n (n  N), for which   is real, is
de

 1 i 
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
oa

9. If (a + ib)5 =  + i , then (b + ia)5 is equal to

(A)  + i (B)  – i (C)  – i (D) –  – i
nl

10. If |z| = max {|z – 1|, |z + 1|}, then

1
ow

(A) |z + z | = (B) z + z = 1 (C) |z + z | = 1 (D) z  

2

11. If |z1 – 1| < 1, |z2 – 2| < 2, |z3 – 3| < 3, then |z1 + z2 + z3|
D

(A) is less than 6 (B) is more than 3

(C) is less than 12 (D) lies between 6 and 12
 12. The vector z =  4 + 5i is turned counter clockwise through an angle of 180º & stretched 1.5 times.
The complex number corresponding to the newly obtained vector is :
15 15 15
(A) 6  i (B)  6  i (C) 6  i (D) none of these
2 2 2

13. Points z1 & z2 are adjacent vertices of a regular octagon. The vertex z3 adjacent to z2 (z3  z1) is

/
represented by :

om
1 1
(A) z2 + (1 ± i) (z1 + z2) (B) z2 + (1 ± i) (z1  z2)
2 2

.c
1
(C) z2 + (1 ± i) (z2  z1) (D) none of these

ol
2

l
z1  z 2 

ak
14. If z1 & z2 are two complex numbers & if arg = but z1  z 2  z1  z 2 then the figure formed
z1  z 2 2

h
by the points represented by 0, z1, z2 & z1 + z2 is :
(A) a parallelogram but not a rectangle or a rhombous

.b
(B) a rectangle but not a square
es
a ss
(C) a rhombous but not a square

w
(D) a square
C l

w
TA

n
 1  i tan   1  i tan n //w
The expression   
GU P

15. when simplified reduces to :

 1  i tan   1  i tan n
(A) zero (B) 2 sin n  (C) 2 cos n  (D) none
s:
16. If p = a + b + c2; q = b + c + a2 and r = c + a + b2 where a, b, c  0 and  is the non-real
tp

complex cube root of unity, then :

(A) p + q + r = a + b + c (B) p2 + q2 + r2 = a2 + b2 + c2
ht

2 2 2
(C) p + q + r = 2(pq + qr + rp) (D) none of these

17. If x 2 + x + 1 = 0, then the numerical value of

om

2 2 2 2 2
 1  2 1  3 1  4 1  27 1 
 x     x  2    x  3    x  4   ......   x  27  is equal to
 x  x   x   x   x 
Fr

(A) 54 (B) 36 (C) 27 (D) 18

d

18. If  is non real and  = 5 1 then the value of 2|1     2   2   1| is equal to
de

(A) 4 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) none of these

6
 2 k 2 k
  sin  i cos  is :
oa

19. The value of

k 1  7 7 
(A)  1 (B) 0 (C)  i (D) i
nl

z1  z 2
20. If 1  z z < 1, then z1, z2 both lie inside or both lie out side the circle | z | = R, then find value of R
ow

1 2

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

D

21. Number of roots of the equation z10  z5  992 = 0 with real part negative is :
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6
 22. The points z1 = 3 + 3 i and z2 = 2 3 + 6 i are given on a complex plane. The complex number lying
on the bisector of the angle formed by the vectors z1 and z2 is :

(3  2 3 ) 3 2
(A) z =  i (B) z = 5 + 5 i
2 2
(C) z =  1  i (D) none

/
om
23. The points of intersection of the two curves z  3 = 2 and z = 2 in an argand plane are:

(A)
1
2
7  i 3  (B)
1
2
3  i 7  (C)
3
2
±i
7
2
(D)
7
2
±i
3
2

.c
ol
24. The equation of the radical axis of the two circles represented by the equations,
z  2 = 3 and z  2  3 i = 4 on the complex plane is :

l
ak
(A) 3iz – 3i z – 2 = 0 (B) 3iz – 3i z + 2 = 0
(C) iz – i z + 1 = 0 (D) 2iz – 2i z + 3 = 0

h
1 1 1
25. If A1, A 2, ......., An be the vertices of an n-sided regular polygon such that A A = A A + A A ,

.b
1 2 1 3 1 4

then find the value of n

es
a ss(C) 8

w
(A) 5 (B) 7
C l (D) 9

w
TA

 z1  4 
If log1/2   > 1, then find locus of z
26. 
//w
GU P

 3 z 1  2 
(A) Exterior to circle with center 1 + i0 and radius 10
s:
(B) Interior to circle with center 1 + i0 and radius 10
(C) Circle with center 1 + i0 and radius 10
tp

(D) None of these

ht

27. If (1 + i)z = (1 – i) z then z is

t
(A) t(1 – i), t  R (B) t (1 + i), t  R (C) , t  R+ (D) none of these
om

1 i
28. Consider the following statements :

5  12 i  5  12 i  
Fr

S1 : If z = , then principal value of argument z is    .

5  12 i  5  12 i  2
S2 : If (2 + i)(2 + 2i) (2 + 3i) ...... (2 + ni) = x + iy, then 5.8.13. .......(4 + n2) = (x2 + y2)2
d

S3 : Locus of z such that Arg (z + i)  Arg (z  i) = /2 is

semicircle x 2 + y2 = 1 in first and fourth quadrants.
de

2r 2r
S4 : If zr = cos + i sin , r = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ... then the value of z1. z2. z3. z4. z5 is 1
5 5
oa

State, in order, whether S1, S2, S3, S4 are true or false

(A) FTFT (B) TTTT (C) FFTT (D) TFTF
nl

More than one choice type

ow

29. If z is a complex number then the equation z2 + z z + z2 = 0 is satisfied by

( and 2 are imaginary cube roots of unity)
(A) z = k  where k  R (B) z = k 2 where k is non negative real
D

(C) z = k  where k is positive real (D) z = k 2 where k  R.

 1 1
30. If 2 cos = x + and 2 cos  = y + , then
x y

1 x y
(A) xn + n = 2 cos (n) (B) y  x = 2 cos ( –  )
x

1


/
(C) xy +
xy = 2 cos ( + ) (D) none of these

om
31. The value of in + in, for i = 1 and n   is :

.c
2n (1  i) 2 n (1  i) 2 n (1  i) 2 n
(A) + (B) +
(1  i ) 2 n 2n 2n 2n

l ol
(1  i) 2 n 2n 2n 2n

ak
(C) + (D) +
2n (1  i) 2 n (1  i) 2 n (1  i) 2 n

h
PART - III : MATCH THE COLUMN

.b
es
a ss

w
1.
C l
Let ,   R such that cos ( – ) + cos ( – ) + cos ( – ) = –
3
2

w
Column –  Column – 
TA

//w
GU P

(A)  sin (+ ) =  cos (+ ) = (p) 0

(B)  sin 3 = (q) 3 sin (+ + )

s:

(C)  cos 3  = (r) 3 cos ( +  + )

tp
ht

 cos 3 (   )
(D) If   R then = (s) 3
 cos(    )
om

2. Let z1 lies on | z | = 1 and z2 lies on | z | = 2.

Column –  Column – 
Fr

(A) Maximum value of | z1 + z2 | (p) 3

(B) Minimum value of | z1 – z2 | (q) 1

d
de

(C) Minimum value of | 2z1 + 3z2 | (r) 4

(D) Maximum value of | z1 – 2z2| (s) 5

oa
nl
ow
D
 PART - IV : COMPREHENSION
Comprehension # 1 (Q. No. 1 to 3)

Let (1 + x)n = C0 + C1x + C2x2 + .......+ Cnxn. For sum of series C0 + C1 + C2 + ........., put x = 1. For sum of
series C0 + C2 + C4 + C6 + ........, or C1 + C3 + C5 + ........ add or substract equations obtained by putting x
= 1 and x = – 1.

/
For sum of series C0 + C3 + C6 + ........ or C1 + C4 + C7 + ....... or C2 + C5 + C8 + ....... we subsitute x = 1,

om
x = , x = 2 and add or manupulate results.
Similarly, if suffixes differe by ‘p’ then we substitute pth roots of unity and add.

1. C0 + C3 + C6 + C9 +........ =

.c
1  n n  1  n n 1  n n  1  n n 
2  2 cos 3  2  2 sin 3  2  2 sin 3 

ol
(A)
3  
(B)
3 2  2 cos 3  (C)
3  
(D)
3  
 

l
ak
2. C1 + C5 + C9 +.... =
1  n n  1  n n 
2  2n / 2 2 cos  2  2n / 2 2 cos 

h
4  4 
(A) (B)
4 4

.b
1  n n  1  n 
ss es4 
n/2 n
2  2 2 sin 4  2  2n / 2 2 sin
4 
(C) (D)

w
4  
a
Cl

w
3. C2 + C6 + C10 +..... =
TA

1  n n 
//w 1  n n 
GU P

(A) 2  2n / 2 2 . cos  (B) 2  2n / 2 2 . cos 

4  4 4  4
s:
1  n n/2 n  1  n n/2 n 
(C)
4 2  2 2 . sin 4  (D) 2  2 2 . sin 4 
  4  
tp

Comprehension # 2 (Q. No. 4 to 6)

ht

ABCD is a rhombus. Its diagonals AC and BD intersect at the point M and satisfy BD = 2AC. Let the points
D and M represent complex numbers 1 + i and 2 – i respecetively.
om

If  is arbitary real, then z = rei R  r  R2 lies in annular region formed by concentric circles
| z | = R1, | z | = R2.
Fr

4. A possible representation of point A is

i i 3 3
(A) 3 – (B) 3 + (C) 1 + i (D) 3 – i
d

2 2 2 2
de

5. eiz =
(A) e– r cos (cos (r cos ) + i sin (r sin )) (B) e– r cos (sin (r cos ) + i cos (r cos ))
(C) e– r sin (cos (r cos ) + i sin (r cos )) (D) e– r sin (sin (r cos ) + i cos (r sin ))
oa

6. If z is any point on segment DM then w = eiz lies in annular region formed by concentric circles.
nl

1
(A) | w |min = 1, | w |max = 2 (B) | w |min = , | w |max = e
e
ow

1 1
(C) | w |min = , | w |max = e2 (D) | w |min = , | w |max = 1
e2 2
D
 EXERCISE-3
PART - I : IIT-JEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)
* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.
z 1
1. If |z| = 1 and  = (where z  –1), the Re() is [IIT-JEE-2003, Scr, (3, – 1), 84]

/
z 1

om
1 z 1 2
(A) 0 (B)  (C) . (D)
| z  1| 2
z  1 | z  1 |2 | z  1 |2

.c
1  z1z 2
2. If z1 and z2 are two complex numbers such that |z1| < 1 < |z2| then prove that < 1.
z1  z 2

ol
[IIT-JEE-2003, Main, (2, 0), 60]

l
n
1
a z

ak
r
3. Prove that there exists no complex number z such that | z | < and r = 1 where |ar| < 2.
3 r 1

[IIT-JEE -2003, Main, (2, 0), 60]

h
.b
4. If  ( 1) be a cube root of unity and (1 +4)n = (1 + 2)n then the least positive integral value of n is
[IIT-JEE-2004, Scr, (3, –1), 84]
es
a ss

w
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 6
C l

w
z
TA

5. Find the centre and radius of circle given by = k, k  1 where, z = x + iy and

z 
//w
GU P

 = 1 + i2,  =  1 + i 2 are fixed complex numbers. [IIT-JEE-2004, Main, (2, 0), 60]

6. The locus of z which lies in shaded region (excluding the boundaries) is best represented by
s:
[IIT-JEE-2005, Scr, (3, –1), 84]
tp
ht
om
Fr
d

(A) z : |z + 1| > 2 and |arg (z + 1)| < /4 (B) z : |z – 1| > 2 and |arg (z – 1)| < /4
(C) z : |z + 1| < 2 and |arg (z + 1)| < /2 (D) z : |z – 1| < 2 and |arg (z – 1)| < /2
de

7. a, b, c are integers, not all simultaneously equal and  is cube root of unity (  1), then minimum value
of |a + b + c2| is [IIT-JEE-2005, Scr, (3, –1), 84)]
oa

3 1
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) (D)
2 2
nl

8. If one of the vertices of the square circumscribing the circle |z – 1| = 2 is 2 + 3 i. Find the other
vertices of the square. [IIT-JEE-2005, Main, (4, 0), 60]
ow

 z
9. Let  =  + i,  0 and z  1, If is purely real, then the set of values of z is
1 z
[IIT-JEE-2006, Main, (3, –1), 184]
D

(A) {z : |z| = 1} (B) {z : z = z} (C) {z : |z|  1} (D) {z : |z| = 1, z  1}

 10. A man walks a distance of 3 units from the origin towards the north-east (N 45 º E) direction. From there, he
walks a distance of 4 units towards the north-west (N 45 º W) direction to reach a point P. Then the position
of P in the Argand plane is [IIT-JEE-2007, Paper-I, (3, – 1), 81]
(A) 3 ei/4 + 4i (B) (3 – 4i) ei/4 (C) (4 + 3i)ei/4 (D) (3 + 4i)ei/4

z
11. If |z| = 1 and z  ± 1, then all the values of lie on [IIT-JEE-2007, Paper-II, (3, – 1), 81]
1 z2

/
(A) a line not passing through the origin (B) |z| = 2

om
(C) the x-axis (D) the y-axis

Comprehension

.c
Let A, B, C be three sets of complex numbers as defined below

ol
A = {z : m z  1}
B = {z : |z – 2 – i| = 3}

l
ak
C = {z : Re ((1 – i) z) = 2}

12. The number of elements in the set A  B  C is [IIT-JEE-2008, Paper-I, (4, – 1), 163]

h
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 

.b
Let z be any point in A  B  C. Then, |z + 1 – i|2 + |z – 5 – i|2 lies between
13.
es
a ss

w
[IIT-JEE-2008, Paper-I, (4, – 1), 163]
(A) 25 and 29 (B) 30 and 34 C l
(C) 35 and 39 (D) 40 and 44

w
TA

14. Let z be any point A  B  C and let w be any point satisfying |w – 2 – i| < 3. Then, |z| – |w| + 3 lies between
//w
GU P

[IIT-JEE-2008, Paper-I, (4, – 1), 163]

(A) – 6 and 3 (B) –3 and 6 (C) – 6 and 6 (D) – 3 and 9
s:
15
15. Let z = cos  + i sin  . Then the value of  m (z
m 1
2m 1
) at  = 2º is [IIT-JEE-2009, Paper-I, (3, – 1), 80]
tp

1 1 1 1
ht

(A) (B) (C) (D)

sin 2º 3 sin 2º 2 sin 2º 4 sin 2º
om

16. Let z = x + iy be a complex number where x and y are integers. Then the area of the rectangle whose
vertices are the roots of the equation zz 3  zz 3  350 is [IIT-JEE-2009, Paper-I, (3, – 1), 80]
(A) 48 (B) 32 (C) 40 (D) 80
Fr

17*. Let z1 and z2 be two distinct complex numbers and let z = (1 – t) z1 + tz2 for some real number t with
0 < t < 1. If Arg(w) denotes the principal argument of a nonzero complex number w, then
(A) |z – z1| + |z – z2| = |z1 – z2| (B) Arg (z – z1) = Arg (z – z2)
d
de

z  z1 z  z1
(C) z  z z  z = 0 (D) Arg (z – z1) = Arg (z2 – z1)
2 1 2 1
oa

[IIT-JEE-2010, Paper-1, (3, 0)/84]

2 2
18. Let  be the complex number cos + i sin . Then the number of distinct complex numbers
3 3
nl

z 1  2
ow

 z  2 1
z satisfying 2
= 0 is equal to [IIT-JEE-2010, Paper-1, (3, 0)/84]
 1 z
D
 19. Match the statements in Column-I with those in Column-II. [IIT-JEE-2010, Paper-2, (8, 0)/79]
[Note : Here z takes values in the complex plane and Im z and Re z denote, respectively, the imaginary part
and the real part of z.]
Column-I Column-II
4
(A) The set of points z satisfying (p) an ellipse with eccentricity
5
|z – i| z|| = |z + i|z|| is contained in or equal to

/
(B) The set of points z satisfying (q) the set of points z satisfying Im z = 0

om
|z + 4| + |z – 4| = 10 is contained in
or equal to
1
(C) If |w| = 2, then the set of points z = w – (r) the set of point z satisfying |Im z|  1

.c
w
is contained in or equal to

ol
1
(D) If |w| = 1, then the set of points z = w + (s) the set of points z satisfying |Re z|  2

l
w

ak
is contained in or equal to
(t) the set of points z satisfying |z|  3

h
20. If z is any complex number satisfying |z – 3 – 2i|  2, then the minimum value of |2z – 6 + 5i| is

.b
[IIT-JEE 2011, Paper-1, (4, 0), 80]

es
2 i

a ss

w
21. Let  = e , and a, b, c, x, y, z be non-zero complex numbers such that
3

a+b+c=x
C l

w
a + b + c2 = y
TA

a + b2 + c = z. //w
| x |2  | y |2  | z |2
GU P

Then the value of is

| a |2  | b |2  | c |2
22. Let z be a complex number such that the imaginary part of z is non zero and a = z2 + z + 1 is real. Then a
s:
cannot take the value [IIT-JEE 2012, Paper-1, (3, –1), 70]
1 1 3
tp

(A) –1 (B) (C) (D)

3 2 4
ht

PART - II : AIEEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

om

1. Let z1 and z2 be two roots of the equation z2 + az + b = 0, z being complex. Further, assume that the origin,
z1 and z2 form an equilateral triangle. Then : [AIEEE 2003]
(1) a2 = b (2) a2 = 2b (3) a2 = 3b (4) a2 = 4b
2. If z and  are two non-zero complex numbers such that |z| = 1, and
Fr


arg (z) – arg() = , then z  is equal to : [AIEEE 2003]
2
d

(1) 1 (2) – 1 (3) i (4) – i

de

x
 1 i 
3. If   = 1, then [AIEEE 2003]
 1– i 
oa

(1) x = 4 n, where n is any positive integer (2) x = 2 n, where n is any positive integer
(3) x = 4 n + 1, where n is any positive integer (4) x = 2n + 1, where n is any positive integer

1 n 2n
nl

4. If 1, , 2 are the cube roots of unity, then  = n 2n 1 is equal to- [AIEEE 2003]
ow

2n 1 n
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3)  (4) 2
5. Let z,w be complex numbers such that z  iw  0 and arg zw = . Then arg z equals : [AIEEE 2004]
D

  3 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 2 4 4
 x y 2 2
6. If z = x – iy and z1/3 = p + iq, then    (p  q ) is equal to : [AIEEE 2004]
 p q 
(1) 1 (2) – 1 (3) 2 (4) – 2

7. If |z2 – 1| = |z2| + 1, then z lies on : [AIEEE 2004]

(1) the real axis (2) the imaginary axis (3) a circle (4) an ellipse

/
8. If the cube roots of unity are 1,,2, then the roots of the equation (x – 1)3 + 8 = 0, are : [AIEEE 2005]

om
(1) – 1, 1 + 2, 1 + 22. (2) – 1, 1 – 2, 1 – 22 (3) – 1, – 1, – 1. (4) –1, –1 + 2, – 1 –22.
9. If z1 and z2 are two non-zero complex numbers such that |z1 + z2| = |z1| + |z2|, then arg z1 – arg z2 is equal
to: [AIEEE 2005]

.c
 
(1) – (2) 0 (3) –  (4) .
2 2

ol
z

l
10. If w = 1 and |w| = 1, then z lies on : [AIEEE 2005]

ak
z–
i
3
(1) a parabola (2) a straight line (3) a circle (4) an ellipse.

h
10
 2k 2k 
11. The value of   sin 11  i cos 11  is : [AIEEE 2006]

.b
k 1
(1) 1 (2) – 1
s s(3)e–si (4) i

w
la
12.
C
If z + z + 1 = 0, where z is complex number, then the value of [AIEEE 2006]
2

w
2 2 2 2
TA

 1  1   1   1 
 z   +  z 2  2  +  z 3  3  +.......+  z 6  6  is :
//w
 z  z   z   z 
GU P

(1) 54 (2) 6 (3) 12 (4) 18

13. If |z + 4|  3, then the maximum value of |z + 1| is [AIEEE 2007]
s:
(1) 4 (2) 10 (3) 6 (4) 0
tp

1
14. The conjugate of a complex number is . Then, that complex number is- [AIEEE 2008]
i–1
ht

1 1 1 1
(1) – (2) (3) – (4)
i–1 i 1 i 1 i–1
om

4
15. If z  = 2, then the maximum value of |z| is equal to : [AIEEE 2009]
z

(1) 5 1 (2) 2 (3) 2  2 (4) 3 1

Fr

16. If  and  are the roots of the equation x2 – x + 1 = 0, then 2009 +  2009 = [AIEEE 2010]
(1) – 1 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) –2
d
de

17. The number of complex numbers z such that | z – 1| = | z + 1| = |z – i| equals [AIEEE 2010]
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3)  (4) 0
oa

18. If (1) is a cube root of unity, and (1 + )7 = A + B . Then (A, B) equals [AIEEE 2011]
(1) (0, 1) (2) (1, 1) (3) (1, 0) (4) (–1, 1)
19. Let , be real and z be a complex number. If z2 + z +  = 0 has two distinct roots on the line Re z = 1, then
nl

it is necessary that : [AIEEE- 2011]

(1)   (0, 1) (2)  (–1, 0) (3) || = 1 (4)   (1, )
ow

 1 z 
20. If z is a complex number of unit modulus and argument , then arg   equals :
 1 z 

D

(1) – (2)   (3)  (4) – 

2
[AIEEE - 2013, (4, –¼),360]
 ANSWERS
BOARD LEVEL : HINT AND SOLUTIONS 9. (1 + i)y2 + (6 + i) = (2 + i)x
 (y2 + 6) + i(y2 + 1) = 2x + ix
 y2 + 6 = 2x ...(i)
1 1 and y2 + 1 = x ...(ii)
1. (i) (i4)114 .i = (1) i = i (ii) 
4 14 2
(i ) , i (1)( 1) = –1 From (i) and (ii), we get

/
y2 + 6 = 2(y2 + 1)  y2 = 4  y = ±2

om
(iii) (i4)7 i2 + (i4)10 + (i4)15
= (1) (–1) + (1) + (1) =1 Now, x = y2 + 1  x = 5 when y = ±2
Thus, x = 5 and y = 2 or, x = 5 and y = –2
z1 1  1  1 2 
2.   = (2 + 3i)   i 
z 2 = z1. z 2 = (2 + 3i)

.c
 1  2 i  5 5 
(1  i)2 1  2i  i 2 3i 2i 3i
10. z = = × = ×
3i 3i 3i 3i 3i

ol
2 6  4 3 8 1
=    + i    =  i .
 5 5   5 5  5 5 6 i  2 i2

l
=

ak
1 1 3  4i 3  4i 9  i2
3. (i) We have : 4  4 i = 3  4 i . 3  4 i =
9  16 i2 6i  2 1 3 1 3
= =– + i  z =– – i

h
3  4i 3 4 10 5 5 5 5

.b
= = + i
9  16 25 25  a1a 2  b1b 2 
z1 a1  ib1  
es
a ss
11. We have : z = a  ib =  2 2 
1  a2  b 2

w
1 2 2 2 
(ii) We have :
2 3
=
2i 3
C l

w
 a 2b1 – a1b 2 
 
+ i
TA

1 2i 3 2 2 
= . //w  a 2  b2 
2i 3 2i 3
GU P

 a1a 2  b1b 2   
z    i  a 2b1  a1b 2 
2i 3 2 3   1  =  2 2  –  a 2  b 2  ...(i)
 a2  b 2
s:
=
4  3 i2
=
7
– i  z2    2 2 
7
z1 a1  ib1
tp

1 Now, z = a  ib = (a1 – ib1)

4. Let z = 3  4 i . Then, 2 2 2
ht

 a2 b 
1 3  4i 3  4i 3 4  i 2 2 2 
.   a2  b2
z=
3  4 i 3  4i = 9  16 = 25 25
i
 2 2 a 2  b 2 
om

3 4  a1a 2  b1b 2   
 z =  i   i  a 2b1 – a1b 2 
25 25 =  2 2  –  a b2 2  ...(ii)
 a2  b 2   2 2 
Fr

1 1 i 1 i
5.  =
1– i 1 i 2  z1  z1
From (i) and (ii), we get :   = z
1 i  z2  2
d

= 
2 2
de

12. Let 5  12 i = x + iy. Then,

6. We have, in + in+1 + in+2 + in+3 = in + in × i + in+i2 + in × i3
= in [1 + i + i2 + i3] = in[1 + i – 1 – i] = in(0) = 0 5  12 i = x + iy. Then,
oa


i584 1  i2  i4  i6  i8   5 + 12i = (x + iy)2
 5 + 12i =(x2 – y2) + 2ixy
7. =

i574 1  i2  i4  i6  i8   x2 – y2 = 5 ...(i)
nl

= i10 = i2 = – 1 and 2xy = 12 ...(ii)

Now (x2 + y2)2 = (x2 – y2)2 + 4x2y2
ow

8. We have :  (x2 + y2)2 = 52 + 122 = 169

 2  3i   2  3i  ( 2  3i) (2  3i) 4  9 i2  x2 + y2 = 13 [ x2 + y2 > 0] ...(iii)
    = = On solving (i) and (iii), we get
 3  4i   3  4i  (3  4i) (3  4i) 9  16 i2
x2 = 9 and y2 = 4  x = ±3 and y = ±2
D

13 From (ii), 2xy is positive, So, x and y are of the same

= , which is purely real. sign.
25
  (x = 3 and (y = 2) or, (x = –3 and y = –2)
c i (c  i)(c  i)
Hence, 5  12 i = ±(3 + 2i). 17. We have, a + ib =  a + ib =
c i (c  i)(c  i)

z1 z 2 (1  i) ( 2  4i) (c  i)2 c 2  2ic  i2

13. We have :
z1 = (1  i)  a + ib =  a + ib =
c 2  i2 c 2  i2
( 2  4)  i(2  4) c2  1 i 2c c2  1
=  a + ib = + a= and
1 i c2  1

/
c2  1 c2  1

om
2  6i 2  6i 1 i ( 2  6 )  i ( 6  2)
= = × = = 4 + 2i 2c
1 i 1 i 1 i 1 i b=
c2  1
 z1 z 2 

.c
 Im  z  = 2
 c 2  1 4c 2
2
b
 1  
a +b =  2 
 + (c 2  1)2 and a
2 2

ol
 c  1 
14. (x4 + 2xi) – (3x2 + iy) = (3 – 5i) + (1 + 2iy)

l
 (x4 – 3x2) + i(2x – y) = 4 + i(2y – 5)  2c 

ak
 x4 – 3x2 = 4 and 2x – y = 2y – 5  2 
 c  1
 x4 – 3x2 – 4 = 0, 2x – 3y + 5 = 0 =
Now, x4 – 3x2 – 4 = 0  (x2 – 4) (x2 + 1) = 0  c 2 – 1
 

h
 x2 – 4 = 0  x = ±2 [ x2 + 1  0 for any  c2  1
 

.b
real x]
putting x = ±2 in 2x – 3y + 5 = 0, we get
es (c 2  1)2 2c
a ss  a
b

w
y = 3 when x = 2 and y = 1/3 when x = –2 2
+ b2 = = 1 and = 2
Thus, x = 2 and y = 3 or , x = –2 and y = 1/3
C l (c 2  1)2 a c 1

w
18. First, let the two complex numbers be conjugate of
TA

15. We have, x = 1 + 2i  x – 1 = 2i  (x – 1)2 = 4i2 //w each other. Let complex numbers be z1 = a + ib and
 x2 – 2x + 1 = –4  x2 – 2x + 5 = 0
GU P

Now, x3 + 7x2 – x + 16
= x(x2 – 2x + 5) + 9(x2 – 2x + 5) + (12x – 29)
= x(0) + 9(0) + 12x – 29
= 12(1 + 2i) – 29
= –17 + 24i
z2 = a – ib. Then,
z1 + z2 = (a + ib) + (a – ib) = 2a, which is real.
And, z1 z2 = (a + ib) (a – ib) = a2 – i2 b2 = a2 + b2,
[ x2 – 2x + 5 = 0]
s:
which is real.
[ x = 1 + 2i]
Conversely, let z1 and z2 be two complex numbers
tp

such that their sum z1 + z2 and product z1 z2 both

Hence, the value of the given polynomial when
are real. Then, we have to prove that z1 and z2 are
x = 1 + 2i is –17 + 24i.
ht

conjugate of each other.

16. We have, Let z1 = a1 + ib1 and z2 = ib2. Then,
z1 + z2 = (a1 + a2) + i(b1 + b2) and z1 z2
|az1 – bz2|2 = (az1 – bz2)( az1  bz 2 )
om

= (a1 a2 – b1 b2) + i(a1 b2 + a2 b1)

Now, z1 + z2 and z1 z2 are real
= (az1 – bz2) a z1  b z 2 )
 (a1 + a2) + i(b1 + b2) and, (a1 a2 – b1 b2) +
= a2 z1 z1 – az1 b z 2 – bz1a z1 + b2z2 z 2 i(a1 b2 + a2 b1) are real
Fr

 b1 + b2 = 0 and a1 b2 + a2 b1 = 0
= a2|z1|2 – ab(z1 z 2 + z1 z2) + b2|z2|2 [ z is real  Im (z) = 0]
 b2 = –b1 and a1 b2 + a2 b1 = 0  b2 = –b1
d

= a2|z1|2 – ab(z1 z 2 + ( z1 z 2 )) + b2 |z2|2 and –a1 b1 + a2 b1 = 0

 b2 = –b1 and (a2 – a1)b1 = 0  b2 = –b1
de

= a2 |z1|2 – ab(2Re(z1 z 2 )) + b2|z2|2 and a2 – a1 = 0

 b2 = –b1 and a2 = a1  z2 = a2 + ib2 = a1 – ib1
[ z1 z 2 + ( z1 z 2 ) = 2Re(z1 z 2 ]
oa

 z2 = z1
= a |z1| – 2ab Re(z1 z 2 ) + b |z2|
2 2 2 2  z1 and z2 are conjugate of each other.
a  ib
nl

Similarly, |bz1=az2|2=b2 |z1|2+ a2 |z2|2 + 2ab Re(z1 z ) 19. We have, = x + iy

2 c  id
 |az1 – bz2|2 + |bz1 + az2|2
ow

= a2|z1|2 – 2ab Re(z1 z 2 ) + b2 |z2|2 + b2|z1|2 + a2|z2|2  a  ib  a  ib

   = x  iy  = x  iy
 c  id  c  id
D

+ 2ab Re(z1 z 2 )
a  ib
= |z1|2 (a2 + b2) + |z2|2 (b2 + a2)  = x – iy
= (a2 + b2)(|z1|2 + |z2|2) c  id
 a  ib a  ib
Now, = x + iy and = x – iy 
c  id c  id 1
 cot
(iii) + i 2
a  ib a  ib   
 . = (x + iy) (x – iy) 2 1  3 cos 2  1  3 cos 2
c  id c  id  2  2

(a  ib) (a  ib) (iv) ± 2 + 0i or 0 ± 2 i


(c  id) (c  id) = (x + iy) (x – iy)

/
om
a2  b2
Section (B) :
 = x2 + y2 [ z z = |z|2]
c 2  d2 11
B-1. (i) – 2 (ii) –
2

.c
20. We have, || = 1 B-2. (i) [(–2, 2) ; (–2, –2)] (ii) – (77 + 108 i)
1  iz | 1  iz |

ol
 =1  | zi| = 1 B-3. z = (2 + i) or (1 – 3i)
zi

l
 |1 – iz| = |z – i|

ak
B-4. (i) (a – ib)2
 |1 – i(x + iy) = |x + iy – 1)|, where z = x + iy
 |1 + y – ix| = |x + i(y – 1)|
Section (C) :

h
 (1  y )2  (  x )2 = x 2  ( y  1)2

.b
 (1 + y)2 + x2 = x2 + (y – 1)2 C-1.(i) The region between the coencentric circles
y=0
es
a ss
with centre at (0, 2) & radii 1 and 3 units

w
 z = x + i0 = x, which is purely real.
C l (ii) The part of the complex plane on or above

w
the line y = 1
EXERCISE # 1
TA

(iii) a ray emanating from the point (3 + 4i)

//w directed away from the origin & having
GU P

Section (A) :
equation, 3 x  y + 4  3 3 = 0, x > 3
1
s:
A-1. (i) 3, –1 (ii) x = 1 and y = 2; (iv) Region outside or on the circle with centre
2
 2 2  5
tp

(iii) (–2, 2) or  – , –  (iv) (1, 1)  0,  1

 3 3   2 + 2i and radius
2
ht

3K (v) Semi circle (in the 1st and 4th quadrant)

(v) x = K, y = ,KR x 2 + y2 = 1
2
om

C-2. 5 +2& 5 2
9 9
A-2. (i) z = 2 cos Principal Arg z = , arg z
25 25
C-3. (i) 0, 6 (ii) 1, 7 (iii) 0, 5
Fr

9
= + 2k, k 
25
m(z) = 2 2+2i
d

5
(ii) Modulus = 2, Arg = 2 k  – , k , Principal
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6 
8
5
Arg =  
6 C-4.
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8
(iii) Modulus = sec21, arg = 2k + (2 – ), Principal
Arg = (2 – )
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1  11 Re(z) = 2
(iv) Modulus = cosec , arg z = 2k + ,
2 5 20
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C-6. 5
11
Principal Arg = C-7. – 4 – 3 i, 2 5
20
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21 12
A-3. (i)  i (ii) 3 + 4 i
5 5
 Section (D) : 15. (A) 16. (C) 17. (A) 18. (A) 19. (D) 20.(A)21. (C)

22. (B) 23. (B) 24. (B) 25. (B) 26. (A) 27.(A)28. (C)
D-2. (i) |z| = 20 (ii) OP = OQ = PR = QR = 20
iz 1 29. (BC) 30. (ABC) 31. (BD)
D-6. + +i
2 2
Section (E) PART - III

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E-1. (i) 4 (ii) 3 1. (A)  (p), (B)  (q), (C)  (r), (D)  (s)

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E-3. z = – 1, 3, 1 – 2 i, 1 + 2 i
Sum = 4 2. (A)  (p), (B)  (q), (C)  (r), (D)  (s)
centroid = 1

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PART - IV
1. (B) 2. (D) 3. (A) 4. (A) 5. (C) 6. (B)

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1 + 2i

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EXERCISE # 3

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–1 1 3 4
PART - I
1 – 2i

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 k 2    k (    )
 
1. (A) 4. (B) 5.  k 2  1  , 1  k 2 6. (A)

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  
( 6n 1) i

es(B) 8. – i 3 , 1 – 3 + i, 1 + 3 – i 9. (D)10. (D)

E-5. (i) – 1 (ii) e 4 , n = 0, 1 , 2, 3 .
a ss11. (D) 12. (B) 13. (C) 14. (BCD) 15. (D) 16. (A)
7.

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Continued product = 1
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PART - II
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//w 17*.(ACD) 18. 1

Section (A) :
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A-1. (A) A-2. (C) A-3. (D) A-4. (D) 19. (A)  (q,r) ; (B) (p) ; (C)  (p,s,t) ; (D)  (q,r,s,t)
A-5. (D) A-6. (B) A-7*. (AB)A-8*.(BCD)
s:
20. 5
Section (B) : i / 3
21. Bonus (w = e is a typographical error, because
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B-1. (D) B-2. (D) B-3. (A) B-4. (A)

of this the answer cannot be an integer.)
B-5. (A) B-6. (A) B-7. (A) B-8. (B)
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B-9. (C) B-10. (C) B-11. (C) B-12. (B) 22. (D)
B-13. (B) B-14*. (ABC)B-15*.(ACD)
B-16*. (ABCD) PART - II
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Section (C) : 1. (3) 2. (4) 3. (1) 4. (1) 5. (3) 6. (4) 7. (2)

C-1. (C) C-2. (C) C-3. (A) C-4*. (AC)
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8. (2) 9. (2) 10. (2) 11. (3) 12. (3) 13. (3)14. (3)
PART - III
1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (B)
15. (1) 16. (2) 17. (1) 18. (2) 19. (4) 20. (3)
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EXERCISE # 2
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PART - I
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3. 2 5. 1986. 51 11. a z  az  0

 21 5 
12.   ,  
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 10 6 
PART - II
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1. (B) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (D) 5. (A) 6. (D) 7. (D)

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8. (B) 9. (A) 10. (D) 11. (C) 12. (A) 13.(C)14. (C)
 ADVANCE LEVEL PROBLEMS
PART - I : OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Single choice type

1. If a variable circle S touches S1 : |z – z1| = r1 internally and S2 : |z – z2| = r2 externally while the curves S1 &

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S2 touch internally to each other. Then the eccentricity of the locus of the centre of the curve S is equal to
r1 r2 r1  r2 r1  r2
(A) r (B) r (C) r  r (D) r  r
2 1 1 2 1 2

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z  z1
2. Mirror image of the curve z  z = a, a  R+ a  1 about the line |z – z1| = |z – z2| is given by

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2

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z  z2 z  z2 z  z1

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(A) z  z = a (B) z  z = a (C) z  z = a (D) none of these
1 1 2

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3. If | z |2  A z 2  A z 2  B z  B z  c  0 represents a pair of intersecting lines with angle of

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intersection ‘  ’ then the value of |A| is
es
a ss(C) sec 

w
sec 
(A) tan  (B) cos 
C l (D)
2

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TA

4. If |z – z1| = |z1| and |z – z2| = |z2| be the of two circles if the two circles touch each other then
//w
GU P

 z1   z1 
(A) Re (z1 z2) = 0 (B) Re  z  = 0 (C) Im (z1 z2) = 0 (D) Im  z  = 0
 2  2
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5. If z = x + iy satisfies amp (z – 1) = amp (z + 3) then the value of (x – 1) : y is equal to
tp

(A) 2 : 1 (B) 1 : 3 (C) – 1 : 3 (D) does not exist

n 1
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6. If w  1 is nth root of unity, then value of |z

k 0
1  w k z 2 |2 is

(A) n(|z1|2 + |z2|2) (B) |z1|2 + |z2|2 (C) (|z1| + |z2|)2 (D) n(|z1| + |z2|)2
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7. If |z1| = 2, |z2| = 3, |z3| = 4 and |2z1 + 3z2 + 4z3| = 4, then absolute value of 8z2z3 + 27z3z1 + 64z1z2
equals
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(A) 24 (B) 48 (C) 72 (D) 96

8. If z = x + i y then the equation of a straight line Ax + By + C = 0 where A, B, C  R, can be written on

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the complex plane in the form a z  a z  2 C = 0 where 'a' is equal to :

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A  i B A  iB
(A) (B) (C) A + i B (D) none
2 2
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
9. The set of points on an Argand diagram which satisfy both z  4 & Arg z = is :
3
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(A) a circle & a line (B) a radius of a circle

(C) a sector of a circle (D) an infinite part line
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10. If z = 2 + 3 i, then the expression z4  z3 + 10 z2 + 3 z  5 reduces to a real number equal to:

(A) 122 (B)  122 (C) 160 (D)  160
D

11. The number of solutions of the equation in z, z z  (3 + i) z  (3  i) z  6 = 0 is :

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) infinite

More than one choice type

 12. ABCD is a square, vertices being taken in the anticlockwise sense. If A represents the complex number
z and the intersection of the diagonals is the origin then
(A) B represents the complex number iz (B) D represents the complex number i z
(C) B represents the complex number i z (D) D represents the complex number – iz
3
13. The curve represented by z = ,  [0, 2)
2  cos   i sin 

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(A) never meets the imaginary axis (B) meets the real axis in exactly two points
(C) has maximum value of |z| as 3 (D) has minimum value of |z| as 1

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PART - II : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

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1. Show that all the roots of the equation a1z3 + a2z2 + a3z + a4 = 3, where |ai|  1, i = 1, 2, 3, 4 lie outside
the circle with centre origin and radius 2/3.

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2. Given z1 + z2 + z3 = A, z1 + z2  + z3 2 = B, z1 + z2 2 + z3  = C, where  is cube root of unity,
(a) express z1, z2, z3 in terms of A, B, C.

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= 3  z1  z 3  .
2 2 2 2 2 2
(b) prove that, A + B + C
  z2

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(c) prove that A3 + B3 + C3 – 3ABC = 27z1 z2 z3
ss es

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3.
C
The points represented by the complex numbers a, b, c lie on a circle with centre O and radius r. The

w
a 1  b 1  2c 1
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tangent at c cuts the chord joining the points a, b at z. Show that z =

//w a 1b 1  c 2
GU P

20

4. If  =
2 i
and f(x) = A0 + A kx
k
, then find the value of,
s:
e7 k 1
f(x) + f(x) + ..... + f(6x) independent of .
tp

2 2
5. Given, z = cos + i sin , ‘n’ a positive integer, find the equation whose roots are,
2n  1 2n  1
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 = z + z3 + ...... + z2n – 1 and  = z2 + z4 + ..... + z2n.

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 z  1  2i  
6. Find the radius and the centre of the circle which follows Arg 
 z3i  3
Fr

7. Show that for the given complex numbers z1 and z2 and for a real c the equation
( z1  z 2 )z  ( z1   z 2 )z  c  0
represents a family of concurrent lines and and also find the fixed point of the family.
d
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8. If z 2  z    0 ( , are complex numbers) has a real root then prove that

            2
oa

 z1 
9. Let z1 and z2 are the two compelx numbers satisfying |z – 3 – 4i| = 3. Such that Arg  z  is maximum
nl

 2
then find the value of |z1 – z2|.
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 z1  
10. If z1 and z2 are the two complex numbers satisfying |z – 3 – 4i| = 8 and Arg z   2 then find the
 2
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range of the values of |z1 – z2|.

11. If z  1  z  3  8 then find the range of values of z  4 .
 a b c
12. Let a, b, c be distinct complex numbers such that = = = k, (a, b, c  1). Find the
1 b 1 c 1 a
value of k.

13. If Z r , r = 1, 2, 3, ......, 2m, m  N are the roots of the equation

2m

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1
Z 2m + Z 2m–1 + Z2m–2 + ....... + Z + 1 = 0, then prove that  =–m

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r 1
Zr  1

 2   4   6   2n  1
14. Prove that cos   + cos   + cos   +..... + cos   =  When n  N.

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 2 n  1  2 n  1  2 n  1  2 n  1 2

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15. Prove that

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z

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(i)  1  | arg z|. (ii) |z – 1|  ||z| – 1| + |z| |arg z|.
|z|

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a ss

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C l

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ANSWERS
s:
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PART - I : OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

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1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (D) 4. (D) 5. (D) 6. (A) 7. (D) 8. (C) 9. (B) 10. (B) 11. (D) 12. (AD)
13. (ABCD)
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PART - II : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

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ABC A  B 2  C  A  B  C  2
2. (a) z1 = , z2 = , z3 =
3 3
d

3
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4. 7 A0 + 7A7 x7 + 7A14x14

sin 2 n 2
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5. z2 + z + = 0, where  =
sin 2  2n  1
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 2   1 3 
6.   1    i   7. z
Cz 2
9.
24
10. z 
 z 2   3 2 , 13 2 
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 3   2 2 
 z1z 2  z 2 z1 5 1

11. [0, 9] 12. –  or – 2

D