Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics

Crystalline Grace P. Espino

I. Objectives

At the end of the 40 minutes lesson, the students are expected to do the following with 75%
level of proficiency.

1. Perform activity regarding permutations.

2. Determine the permutation of objects.
3. Solve word problems involving permutations.
4. Apply the concept of permutations in real life.

II. Subject Matter

A. Topic: Nature of the Roots of a Quadratic Equation

B. Reference: Mathematics Learner’s Module
Grade9. Pages 283- 300
C. Materials: Power Point, chalk and board
D. Values to be integrated: cooperation, participation

III. Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Students Activity

A. Preliminary Activities

1. Assignment Were you able to find the Yes Ma’am!

definitions of the words that I
gave you?

Very good. At least you have

now the idea towards those
terms

2. Review Now let us recall your

knowledge about the
Quadratic formula

What can you say about the

Quadratic formula? It is an ……

Very Good!

Can you show us the formula

for Quadratic?

Very Good! d=√(X2-X1)2+(Y2-Y1)2

It shows that you do

understand the past lesson
 because you performed well in A formula …….
your evaluation. [X1+X2 , Y1+Y2]
2 2
3. Motivation How many of you already
watched the movie Finding
Dory?

Watch this short video clip.

(Play the video clip)

What do you think dory wants

to do?

Yes, very good.

Another idea?

Very Good! He was…….

She wants to find her parents,

or what kind of nature she was
born with. And speaking of He was…….
nature let us find out the
connection of the movie to our
lesson.

B. Presentation of the New I will divide the class into 3

Lesson groups, and each member
must participate actively in
order to achieve complete
cooperation.

1. Activity Direction: Analyze the

problem and answer the
question that follows.

A close friend invited Anna to

her birthday party. Anna has 4
new blouses (stripes, with
ruffles, long-sleeved and
sleeveless) and 3 skirts (red,
pink, and black) in her closet
reserved for such occasions.

1. Assuming that any skirt can

be paired with any blouse, in
how many ways can Anna
select her outfit?

Are you done class?

 Group 1, How did you come Yes Ma’am!
up with the answer?
(The students presents their
answers)
Okay, very good!

How about Group 2?

(The students presents their

Okay, Very Good Group 2. answers)

How about Group 3?

(The students presents their

answers)
Very Good!

The group __ obtained the

possible blouse and skirt pairs
by using FCP or Fundamental
Counting Principle.

2. Discussion Do you have any idea about

the meaning of FCP?
When there are m ways to do
one thing,
and n ways to do another,
Exactly! then there are m×n ways of
doing both.
If we have 4 blouses and 3
skirts, that means 4x3=12
different outfits or possible
pairs.

Let’s proceed.

Supposed you secured your

bike using a combination lock,
later you realized that you
forgot the four digit code. You
only remembered that the
code contains the digits 1, 3,
4, 7

By listing all the possible

codes out of the given digits,
how many possible codes are There are…..
there?
What can you say about the
list?
(a student will say something
Yes, listing all the possible about the list)
will be tiring.

Is there any other way to find

the number of possible codes?
Yes Ma’am
How?

Very Good! By using _______

Again by using FCP

4x3x2x1=24

But why do you think the

number of choices is
decreasing? Because___________

Exactly!

The order does matter!

We have to reduce the number
of available choices each time.

And each arrangement is

called?
Permutation!

Permutation – refers to the

different possible
arrangements of a set of
objects.

From the activity and example

you recalled the fundamental
counting principle which is an
essential tool in understanding
about arrangements or
permutations.

But how do we determine the

permutations of objects?

Let’s find out!

Suppose we have five colored

Blocks and we wish to arrange
them in a row. In how many
ways can this be done?

If there are 5 objects to be

arranged and we would
arrange all of them every time,
That is, n=5, and r=5.

The permutation of 5 colored

blocks taken 5 at a time is
denoted by P(5, 5)

By applying FCP
5x4x3x2x1=120 possible
ways

Another way of writing

5x4x3x2x1 is 5!
(read as 5 factorial)

Similarly,
4!=4x3x2x1=24
8!=8x7x6x5x4x3x2x1=40320
3!=3x2x1=6
1!=1

Thus in the example

P(5,5)=5!=120
Also,
P(8,8)=8!=40320
P(4,4)=4!=24

The permutation of n objects

taken all at a time is:
P(n, n) = n!

n-factorial- is the product of

the positive integer n and all
the positive integers less than
n.
 And

The permutation of n objects

taken r at a time is denoted by
P(n,r) = n!
(n-r)!
Where in
n= number of objects
r= number of times an object
was taken

In how many ways can you

place 8 different books on a
shelf if there is enough space
for 5 books?

Can you try this one?

Excellent! P(8,5)_______________

Another

Seven runners join a race. In

how many ways can they be
arranged as first, second, and P(7,3)_______________
third placers?

Very good!

Another,

How many four-digit numbers

can be formed from numbers
1, 3,4,6,8, and 9 if repetition P(6 , 4)___________
of digits is not allowed?

Very good!

Any questions?
C. Generalization
Let’s go back to the terms and None so far!
formulas that we used.

What do you call the number

of arrangements of objects?
Permutations
What is the formula of n
objects that are taken all of a
time? (a student will show the
 formula)
Very Good!

How about the n objects that

are taken r at a time?
(a student will show the
formula)
Very Good!

How did we calculate the

different permutation?
We calculated the different
permutations by ________

From what principle do you

think the formula derived?
Fundamental Counting
Very Good! Principle

Did you find any difficulty in

understanding and solving
permutations? No Ma’am!

Why?

Because __________
Do you think you will be able
to solve the permutations of
objects if we use large Yes, __________
numbers?

Very good!

D. Fixation of Skills To master more of your skills

in determining the
permutations of objects lets
have another activity.

Perform the following

activity using four number
cards with different digits.
Follow all instructions and
complete the table on the
activity sheet.

(attachments: Instructions and

activity sheet)

E. Valuing So basically permutations are

 the arrangements of objects.
But the question is, where can We use to arrange things
we apply this concept in real every day.
life?

Very Good!

Another? Like what pair of clothes

should we wear? In choosing
Very Good! passwords on our computers
and gadgets.
So, in choosing a password on
your social media accounts it
is recommended to use more In choosing a password in
numbers or letters, because it our social network accounts.
will be hard to for the hackers
to hack your account because
of the many possible
arrangements of the codes.

IV. Evaluation

Solve the following problems that involve permutations.

1. In how many ways can Aling Rosa arrange 6 potted plants in a row?
2. If Jun has 12 T-shirts, 6 pairs of pants, and 3 pairs of shoes, how many possibilities
can he dress himself up for the day?
3. Suppose that in a certain association, there are 12 elected members of the Board of
Directors. In how many ways can a president, a vice president, a secretary, and a
treasurer be selected from the board?
4. A dress shop owner has 8 new dresses that she wants to display in the window. If the
window has 5 mannequins, in how many ways can she dress them up?
5. A teacher wants to assign 4 different tasks to her 4 students. In how many possible
ways can she do it?

V. Assignment

A. Solve the following problems that involve permutations.

1. How many ways can the letters in the word ORGANIST can be arranged?
2. A baby presses 5 of the ten numbers (zero through nine) on a phone dial pad once
each. How many different number sequences could she have dialed?
3. How many 4-digit numbers can be formed by rearranging the digits in the number
28,673?
4. Each person in a 6-person committee is assigned a different job. How many ways can
the jobs can be assigned?
5. Katelyn was asked to choose 3 paintings from a collection of 7 and hang them on the
wall in a row. How many different ways could the wall can be decorated?

B. Read and Study Combinations

Reference: Mathematics Learner’s Module Grade10. Pages 301-303