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User Guide
No part of the manual is to be copied or reproduced in any form without the express agreement
of Integrated Environmental Solutions Limited.
Contents
1 INTRODUCTION 3
2 APLOCATE TABS 4
4 SUNPATH 27
4.1 Purpose 27
5 APLOCATE MENUS 28
Normally ApLocate is called from within the <Virtual Environment> by clicking the ApLocate
icon. Default site and weather data will be set up when a new model is started. To edit these
defaults, create new data or change location you must use ApLocate. It is advisable to edit
project specific data as soon as the information becomes available. If you begin using the
<Virtual Environment> when project data is unknown you may create it at a later date.
The Selection Wizard… button launches a series of dialogs which help the user select the
location, the design weather data and the simulation weather data. The Set Location Only
button allows the location alone to be set without using the wizard.
The information in this section is not editable by the user. Whenever a new location is selected
by either of the two buttons above, this section is automatically updated.
This section of the dialog contains the information about how the weather data has been
chosen using the Selection Wizard. The Selection Wizard… button will take the user directly to
the design weather data section (Pages 2-3) of the wizard if selected here. The Add to custom
database button allows the user to save the current design weather data.
Cooling loads weather data describes the summer time external design weather data. This data
is used for both CIBSE and ASHRAE cooling loads calculations. The different parameters that are
used for both types of analysis can be viewed by selecting either the ASHRAE analysis or CIBSE
analysis radio button.
To globally adjust the cooling loads weather data enter values into the following:
Dry-Bulb (representing Maximum Outside Dry Bulb Temperature)
Wet-Bulb (representing Maximum Outside Wet Bulb Temperature)
When these figures are entered, select Apply and ApLocate will use the selected pattern and
shift the data to be based on the maxima as given. This allows you to use an appropriate
pattern but provides flexibility in design temperatures. To review the detail of the pattern,
press the Apply button. To return to the original values use the selection wizard.
Custom weather files can be created by modifying the individual values of existing files. Once
modified the data values turn a green colour to indicate that a change has been made. To do
this, for the parameters common to both CIBSE and ASHRAE for each month from January to
December inclusive, the following data are required:
Min Tdb - Minimum Daily Dry-Bulb Temperature.
Max Tdb - Maximum Daily Dry-Bulb Temperature.
Tdb lag - Dry-Bulb Time Lag – enter the lag in hours with respect to 12 noon (excluding
any local time correction) at the standard time meridian. For example, if you type in 3,
here, the dry bulb temperature will peak at 15:00 GMT (or at 16:00 if 1 hour
summertime correction is in operation).
Twb at Max Tdb - Daily Wet-Bulb Temperature at Maximum Dry-Bulb Temperature.
Parameters A and B are used in the following expression to determine direct normal irradiance:
direct normal irradiance = A * exp( - B / sin (solar altitude))
Please refer to the Climate Design Information section of ASHRAE Fundamentals for a detailed
description of these solar radiation parameters.
Once a new weather data set has been created, this can be entered into the database using
Add to custom database button. A dialogue box will appear into which the name of the new
data set should be entered:
Any stored custom data set can later be retrieved by selecting the appropriate option on Page 2
of the Selection Wizard (Source of Design Weather).
This shows the name of the hourly weather data file to drive your building simulation.
Each weather file has hourly values of:
dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperature
direct normal and horizontal diffuse solar radiation
solar altitude and azimuth
wind speed and direction
cloud cover
atmospheric pressure.
Clicking the Select button will give you a list of available sites, based on those files that are
present in your installed Shared Content. The weather files are displayed in order of distance of
their locations from the location chosen in Location & Site Data.
Within this section you select the climate files to be used for Building Regulations compliance
with Criterion 1 and 3 of UK Part L. There are currently 14 sites available and these weather
files must be purchased from CIBSE separately from the IES <VE>. These files are also available
for purchase via the IES website. Please contact support@iesve.com if you require more details.
The Simulation Calendar sets the pattern of weekdays and holidays applying to simulations. This
information feeds into the setting of profiles defined in ApPro.
Certain types of simulation, for example simulations for UK Building Regulations and Energy
Performance Certificates, are subject to a fixed calendar which is not under user control.
The pattern of weekdays used in simulation can be defined in two ways. You can set the year, in
which case the weekday pattern will be deduced from the real-world calendar appropriate to
that year, or alternatively you can set the weekday for January 1st.
If you use the ‘Year’ option, there is a further choice. If you tick ‘Take from weather file’ the
year will be set from the year recorded on the simulation weather file. If you do not tick this
box you can set the year explicitly. In either case ‘Weekday for Jan 1st’ will be set to the
weekday on which January 1st fell (or will fall) in that year. Leap years are not catered for in the
simulation, so in the case of a leap year there will be a mismatch between the simulated
weekday and the real-world weekday from March 1st onwards.
Each of the options described above sets the weekday pattern for all days of the year. The
weekdays are assumed to cycle round the sequence Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday... between
January 1st and December 31st. Because the 365-day simulation year is 52 weeks and one day,
December 31st and January 1st are assigned the same weekday, so the cyclic weekday pattern is
broken at this point for simulations which cross the year end.
In ApPro, daily profiles may be assigned to the 7 days of the week plus a holiday day-type. The
holiday day-type applies to days defined as holidays in the Simulation Calendar.
The simplest way to set a holiday pattern is by selecting a Holiday Template. Holiday Templates
are available for many regions of the world. You can also create your own Holiday Templates.
Holidays appear in the list displayed in the centre of the dialog. A holiday is a single day of the
year, and has the following user-editable attributes.
Holiday Name can be any suitable text string.
Specification Mode specifies how the holiday is defined. The options are:
Day/Month (fixed). Assigns the holiday to a specified day of a specified month – for example
the 1st of January. If this day falls on a weekend or another holiday it is ignored.
Day/Month (or next weekday). Assigns the holiday to a specified day of a specified month, or,
if this falls on a weekend or another holiday, to the next available weekday.
Day/Month (or nearest weekday). Assigns the holiday to a specified day of a specified month,
or, if this falls on a weekend or another holiday, to the nearest available weekday.
Weekday/Week. Assigns the holiday to a specified weekday of a specified week – for example
Wednesday in week 32.
Weekday/Month. Assigns the holiday to a specified weekday of a specified month – for
example the fourth Thursday in November.
In each case, the details of the holiday are specified in the ‘Definition’ field.
‘Add Holiday’ adds a holiday to the list.
‘Edit Holiday’ edits the currently selected holiday. The data is edited in a pop-up dialog. Another
way to edit an existing holiday is to double-click an entry in the holiday list.
‘Delete Holiday’ deletes the currently selected holiday.
‘Save As Template’ saves the current holiday list as a Holiday Template for use in other projects.
You will be prompted to supply a suitable name for the Template.
This dialog shows the following location data: Latitude, Longitude, Altitude, Time Zone and
Daylight saving time data. These parameters are described in section 2 of this manual. The
location and daylight saving time data are all editable. When any data other than Location
name is edited, the Location name has an asterisk added to indicate it is no longer from the
ASHRAE database. In any case the user can edit the Location name as they wish. To access the
ASHRAE and CIBSE location database choose the select button:
For example if Manchester Airport is chosen and Nearest 10 is chosen from the filter then the
list will appear as follows:
If the ASHRAE database is chosen, once Next > is clicked the following dialog will be shown.
Here the option is given to use a design weather location different from your site location. This
gives some flexibility for calculations. By choosing Select the location for the source of the
design weather data can be chosen. The procedure for this is identical to choosing a location for
the Location & Site Data, except that this time only locations in the ASHRAE weather database
are listed.
If the location data was edited on Page 1 of the wizard the weather dataset will come up blank
on this page. However the Select dialog will come up with the nearest ASHRAE location
highlighted.
The second source of design weather is a custom database. This database is one created by the
user once a current database, which has been edited to user’s requirements, has been saved.
(The saving procedure would have been performed in a previous session, using the Add to
custom database button in the Design Weather Data tab.)
Once Custom database is chosen, click Next > and on the following dialog, shown below,
choose Select and select from the list of custom databases to choose the design weather.
The third source of design weather is to access the older format Apache APL file. This database
gives the user access to the original design weather information supplied in previous versions of
ApLocate.
If user input is chosen the Design Weather will be left as the current default weather dataset
and the user can edit the data as required, on the Design Weather Data tab.
4.1 Purpose
SunPath is designed to show the Sun’s path across the sky on any date as viewed from any
position in the earth’s surface. The factors which determine the apparent path are the latitude
and longitude of the observer and the date and time of the observation. The Sun’s position is
expressed in degrees of azimuth and degrees of altitude.
The path is displayed over a period which can be selected by the user. If either of the solstices
or the equinoxes occurs during this period, the Sun’s path for these days is also displayed.
By default, the current year for London, UK is displayed, but if SunPath is run from SunCast or
from ApLocate, then the current location held by these programs is shown.
The main screen for the program looks like this:
To use SunPath, you can select the dates, times and locations you are interested in, and the
program will then display the appropriate sun paths and will also carry out a number of
analyses.
To close the program, click the File and Exit options from the main menu.
See the SunPath User Guide for more information.