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APPROACHES
Entering approaches from the PROC button allows
for entry of airport, approach, transition, and
minimums. Two selections are available for every
approach: Load and Load & Activate (Figure
16-53). Selecting Load places the approach with
any transitions at the end of the flight plan. When
nearing the airport, confirm waypoint sequencing
into the approach transition. Load & Activate
immediately selects the approach with a course
direct-to the first waypoint. It must be understood
that previous course guidance is stopped when
choosing Load & Activate.
CAUTION
When entering an approach procedure
it is critical that the pilot use care to
press the correct button to Load or
Load & Activate. These buttons are in
close proximity to each other. The pilot
can easily use the incorrect button,
allowing the aircraft to proceed on an
incorrect flight path causing an airspace
violation or placing the aircraft and
occupants in jeopardy.
Figure 16-53. GTC Approach
Selection Screen
Revision 0.2 FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY
Vertical Guidance
Climbs and descents in the Enroute and Terminal
areas can both use the VNAV button to monitor/
follow altitude entries in the Active Flight Plan
page. Only cyan altitude entries are part of
VNAV guidance. A pencil symbol appears if the
altitude restriction is manually entered. White
altitudes are not part of VNAV guidance and are
provided only for planning purposes. Further
VNAV climb or descent does not occur if cyan
altitudes do not exist in the flight plan. Other
vertical modes must be used. In the example
image, descent is guided all the way to fix
BIBQU, but not to TECZA (Figure 16-54).
Figure 16-54. Flight Plan Descent
and Approach
To use vertical guidance on a DH/DA approach,
the APR button on the AFCS control unit must
be armed; VNAV is not required to be selected
on. Approach descents are divided into two
categories: approved vertical guidance and
advisory vertical guidance. If either approved
or advisory descents are available for final
approach, terminal VNAV does not connect with
the approach descent. Terminal VNAV stops one
fix prior to the FAF (e.g., Final Approach Course
Fix [FACF]) and further descent to the FAF must
be accomplished manually.
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Examples of approved vertical guidance are Approach Service Level

glide-slope (GS) approaches, LPV, and LNAV/
VNAV approaches. LNAV/VNAV approaches
are flown with SBAS vertical guidance or with
barometric VNAV (baro-VNAV) when SBAS
is not available. When baro-VNAV is used, the
vertical scale is angular but larger than required
on an approach. Additional vertical deviation
limit indicators appear as white lines to display
the allowed deviation limits. The area between
the white lines gradually increases approaching
the missed approach point due to the angular
scaling (Figure 16-55). Examples of procedures
with advisory vertical guidance are LNAV and
LP approaches.
For planning purposes, the Garmin G3000
system displays expected approach capability
for GPS approaches using an approach service
level on the Select Approach screen (Figure
16-56) and on the HSI (Figure 16-57). Advisory
vertical guidance, as described earlier, is shown
with an additional “+V” at the end of the
approach service level. For terminal or enroute
procedures, the label RNP appears on the HSI
with appropriate RNP tolerance for that phase
of flight (e.g. RNP 1.00). A summary of flight
guidance selections for various approach types
is displayed in Figure 16-58.

ILS LPV and LNAV/VNAV

LNAV/VNAV (baro-VNAV)
(SBAS vertical)

Figure 16-55. Approved Vertical Guidance Figure 16-56. Select Approach Screen

If approved or advisory descents are not available

for the approach, terminal VNAV works all the
way to the FAF but then stops and levels the
aircraft. Further descent past the FAF requires
other vertical modes. The vertical deviation scale
is removed for these procedures (Table 16-3).

Table 16-3. APPROACH SERVICE LEVEL

APPROVED ADVISORY
NO VERTICAL
VERTICAL VERTICAL
GUIDANCE
GUIDANCE GUIDANCE
LPV LNAV + V LNAV
L/VNAV LP + V LP

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16 AVIONICS
NOTES

Figure 16-57. Approach Service Indicator

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DA

APR

ILS LPV LNAV/VNAV

LNAV/VNAV with baro-VNAV
with SBAS

MDA WITH ADVISORY

NAV + VS

LNAV + V
LP + V
with SBAS ADVISORY

MDA NO ADVISORY

NAV + VS BC + VS

LOC VOR LOC BC

LDA NDB
SDF LNAV
LP

Figure 16-58. AFCS Modes and Approaches

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