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 FOREWORD

The content of the book authorized by Dr. Vic Delos Santos is very important
today specially to terms of the coverage of the Criminologists Licensure Examination.
The subject comparative Police System is a new subject incorporated in the Licensure
Examination under the Law Enhancement Administration.

After reading the book I was amazed and impressed because the content is
simplified but very rich in terms of the data, ideas, and topics that are necessary for the
subject.

This book is a MUST to all criminology students and examiners as it s brilliant

tool that can help prepare you in your chosen field. Furthermore, it is recommended as
a resource material for Criminology faculty who are teaching Law Enforcement subjects.

DR. MILLER F. PECKLEY, CSP, CSMS

 Preface

Writing a books especially on new topic needs a long period of research. The
time that I supposed to spend with my family was deprived. Thus, I am deeply indebted
from my wife Sofia and my children Soar Philip, Benedict and Blessy of their love,
patience and understanding.

The prime intention of writing this book is to offer material help to graduates of
BS Criminology in preparation to their taking the Criminologist Licensure examination.
This can be useful too as a reference book for Criminal Justice educators and students
in the Philippines.

Furthermore, this material is produced to bridge the gap on the inclusion of

Comparative Police System subject in Criminology curriculum provided under CHED
Memorandum 21 s., 2005 and actual teaching and learning practice.

As of the year 2012, this is the first and only book on Comparative Police System
reviewer. I am proud that it is a pioneering book written to set a new pathway that will
ameliorate the readers knowledge regarding this subject.

There are four challenging chapters of this book. The first chapter consist the
questions and answers regarding the salient features of comparative police system.
This will help you in gaining basic ideas on understanding the unique and evolution of
policing system in other countries. You will out the reasons why some nations have
lower crime rate than other countries.

Chapter two has four parts. First is the multiple choice question type which most
of the questions taken from the books. Second is the multiple choice questions type that
was taken from the internet. The last two parts of this chapter are the multiple choice
type on Law Enforcement as a whole. The answers are provided at the end of these
examinations.

In chapter three, it deals on the informational matrix regarding comparison of the

name of police force, department, highest rank and lowest rank of Asian countries. This
is simplified for easier understanding.

The 4th chapter is a matrix that covers the complete roster of ranks from highest
to lowest. Finally, chapter five enumerates some of the police types in the world.
 Table of Contents

Pages

Preliminaries

Chapter I. Questions and Answers on Comparative Police System………………………1

Chapter II. Multiple Choice Questions………………………………………………….…..23

Test I Comparative Police System…………………………………………………..23

Test II Comparative Police System………………………………………………….39

Suggested Answers………………………………………….………………..53

Test III Law Enforcement Administration……………………………………..…….54

Suggested Answers……………………………………………...……………73

Previous Questions……………………………………………..……………..74

Test IV Law Enforcement Administration……………………………………….…..75

Chapter III. Matrix on Police Force Highest to Lowest Rank in Asian Countries…..…..93

Chapter IV. List of Police Ranks ……………………………………………………………98

Chapter V. Types of Police……………………………….…………………………….…..110

Guidelines in Reviewing ……………………………………………………………….……113

References ……………………………………………………………………………….…..115
 Chapter I

Questions and Answers

Chapter I contains introductory questions and answers on the salient features of comparative
police system (cps). It is focused on the basic terms and topics covered on this subject prior to the actual
comparison of police system. Most questions in this chapter begins with the word what.
1. What is Comparative Police System?

It is the science and art of investigating and comparing the police system of nations. It
covers the study of police organizations, trainings and methods of policing of various nations.

2. What is the Comparative Criminal Justice?

It is subfield of the study of Criminal Justice that compares justice systems worldwide.
Such study can take a descriptive, historical , or political approach. It studies the similarities and
differences in structure, goals, punishment and emphasis on rights as well as the history and
political stature of different systems.

3. What are the 3 basic functions of criminal justice system?

 policing
 adjudication
 corrections

4. What is the International Criminal Justice?

It involves the study and description of one country’s law, criminal procedure, or justice
(Erika Fairchild). Comparative criminal justice system attempts to build on the knowledge of
criminal justice in one country by investigating and evaluating, in terms of another country,
culture, or institution.

5. What is transnational crime?

It is a term that has been used in comparative and international criminal justice study in
recent years to reflect the complexity and enormity of global crime issues. It is defined by the
United Nations (UN) offences whose inception, proportion and/or direct or indirect effects
involve in more than one country. Examples are:

 Money laundering
 Drug trafficking
 Terrorism
 Human trafficking
 Cyber crimes

6. What is International Crime?

 Defined as crimes against the peace and security of mankind (Adler, Mueller, and Laufer,
1994). The UN has identified the following as international crimes.

 Aggression (by one state against another)

 Treat of aggression
 Genocide (destroying a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group)
 Terrorism
 Drug trafficking

7. What is meant by model system?

Model system is used to described the countries being used as topics of discussion.
These countries are chosen not because they are greater than others but because they are the
focus of comparison being studied.

8. Why compare systems and issues in criminal justice?

According to Harry Damner there are many reasons why we need to compare but the
basic reasons are:

 To benefit from the experience of others

 To broaden our understanding of the different cultures and approaches to
problems
 To help us deal with the many transnational crime problems that plague our
world today

9. What are the 4 types of societies?

The following are the four types of societies in the world that comparativists study:

1. Folk-communal societies are also called primitive societies.

A folk-communal society has little codification law, no specification among police, and a
system of punishment that just lets things go for a while without attention until things
become too much, and then harsh, barbatic punishment is resorted to. Classic examples
include the early Roman gentles, African and Middle Eastern tribes, and Puritan settlements
in North America (with the Salem “with trials”).

2. Urban-commercial societies, which rely on trade as the essence of their market system.

An urban-commercial society has civil law (some standards and customs are written
down), specialized police forces (some for religious offenses, others for enforcing the King’s
Law), and punishment is inconsistent, sometimes harsh, sometimes lenient. Most of
Continental Europe developed along this path.

3. Urban-industrial societies, which produce which produce most of the goods and services
they need without government interference.
 An urban-industrial society not only has codified laws (statutes that prohibit) but laws
that prescribes good behavior, police become specialized in how to handle property crimes,
and the system of punishment is run on market principles of creating incentives and
disincentives. England and the U.S. followed this positive legal path.

4. Bureaucratic societies are modern post-industrial societies where the emphasis is upon
technique or the “technologizing” of everything, with the government.

A bureaucratic society has a system of laws (along with armies of lawyers), police who
tend to keep busy handling political crime and terrorism, and a system of punishment
characterized by over criminalization and overcrowding. The U.S. and perhaps only eight
other nations fit the bureaucratic pattern. Juvenile delinquency is a phenomenon that only
occurs in a bureaucratic society.

10. What are the 10 types of criminal justice law in the world?

1. Common Law System

These are also known as Anglo-American justice, and exist in most English-speaking
countries of the world, such as the U.S., England, Australia, and New Zealand. They are
distinguished by a strong adversarial system where lawyers interpret and judges are bound
by precedent. Common law systems are distinctive in the significance they attach to
precedent (the importance of previously decided cases). They primarily rely upon oral
systems of previously in which the public trial is a main focal point.

2. Civil Law System

Also know as Continental justice or Romano-Germanic justice, and practice throughout

most of the European Union as well as elsewhere, in places such as Sweden, Germany,
France, and Japan. They are distinguished by a strong inquisitorial system where fewer rights
are granted to the accused, and the written law is taken as gospel and subject to little
interpretation. For example, a French maxim goes like this: “If judge knows the answer, he
must not be prohibited from achieving it by undue attention to regulations of procedure
and evidence. By contrast, the common law method is for a judge to at least suspend belief
until the sporting event of a trial is over. Legal scholarship is much more sophisticated and
elitist in civil law systems, as opposed to the more democratic common law countries where
just about anybody can get into law school. Romano-Germanic systems are founded on the
basis of natural law, which is a respect for traditional and custom. The sovereigns, or leaders,
of a civil law system are considered above the law, as opposed to the common law notion
that nobody is above the law.

3. Socialist Systems

These are also known as Marxist-Leninist justice, and exist in many places, such as Africa
and Asia, where there has been a Communist revolution or the remnants of one. They are
distinguished by procedures designed to rehabilitate or retrain people into fulfilling their
responsibilities to the state. It is the ultimate expression of positive law, designed to move
the state forward toward the perfectibility of state and mankind. It is also primarily
 characterized by administrative law, where non-legal officials make most of the decisions.
For example, in a socialist state, neither judges nor lawyers are allowed to make law. Law is
the same as policy, and an orthodox Marxist view is that eventually, the law will not be
necessary.

4. Islamic System

Are also known as Muslim or Arabic justice, and derive all their procedures and practices
from interpretation of the Koran. These are exceptions, however. Various tribes (such as the
Siwa in the desert of North Africa) are descendents of the ancient than the harsher Shariah
punishments. Islamic systems in general are characterized by the absence of positive law
(the use of law to move societies forward toward some progressive future) and are based
more on the concept of natural justice (crimes are considered acts of injustice that conflict
with tradition). Religion plays an important role that Islamic systems, so much a role that
most nations of this type are theocracies, where legal rule and religious rule go together.

11. What are the Comparative Research Methods?

Comparative research is usually carried out by the following:

A. “Safari” method (a researcher visits another country) or “collaborative” method (the

researcher communicates with a foreign researcher).
B. Published works tend to fall into three categories:
 Single – culture studies (the crime problem of a single foreign country is discussed)
 Two-culture studies (the most common type) Comprehensive textbooks (it covers
three or more countries). The examination of crime and its control in the
comparative context often requires an historical perspective since the phenomena
under study are seen as having developed under unique social, economic, and
political structures.

C. Historical-comprehensive method the most often employed by researchers. It is basically an

alternative to both quantitative and qualitative research methods that is sometimes called
historiography or holism.

12. What are the Countries with lesser or no crime?

a. Switzerland
For many years used to have travel brochures saying “there is no crime in Switzerland”,
and criminologist were stumped on why this was so, whether because of the high rate of
firearm ownership or the extensive welfare system. It turned out that the Swiss (along with
some other welfare nations, like Sweden) were not reporting all their crime rate. However, it
was true that their crime rate was fairly low.

Reasons of having low crime rates

 They did not remarkable job managing their underclass population, the poor
people who lived the ghettos and slums.
 Swiss crime control is highly effective in using an “iron fist, velvet glove”
approach toward those who commit crime and come from the bottom echelons
 of Swiss society. For example, when a poor person commits a crime, the
government goes to work analyzing the family, educational, and employment
needs of everyone in that poor person’s family. Then, after some punishment
(which the offender frequently agrees with as deserved, a long term treatment
plan is put into effect to raise that family out of poverty.

b. Japan
Another country with an interestingly low crime rate is Japan where the crime rates are
not necessarily that low, but stable and resistant to fluctuating spikes.
Some reasons of having low crime rates are the characteristics of this country which
include:
 community policing
 a patriarchal family system
 the importance of higher education,
 and the way businesses serve as surrogate families.

Asian societies are also “shame-based” rather than guilt-based” as Western societies are. For
example, it is unthinkable to commit a crime in such places because of shame it would bring
upon one’s family and the business or corporation with which that family is associated with.

c. Ireland
Ireland is another place with a unexpectedly low crime rate. Despite a serious
unemployment, the presence of large urban ghettos, and a crisis with religious terrorism,
the Irish pattern of urban crime is no higher than its pattern or rural crime.

The key reason of having low crime rate is the factor that appears to be:
a. A sense of hope and confidence among the people Legitimate surveys, for example,
show that 86% of more of the population believe that the local authorities are well-
skilled and doing everything they can.
b. People felt like they had a high degree of population participation in crime control.

d. Egypt
The Siwa Oasis in Egypt is another place with little or no crime. The population of 23,000
consists of 11 tribes who are the descendants of ancient Greeks, and it is said that Plato
himself fashioned his model or perfect government in the Republic there. The inhabitants
practice a moderate form of Islamic justice, rejecting Shariah punishment and embracing
Urrf law (the law of tradition). Conflicts are resolved by a tribal council, and there are no jails
or prisons. The last known crime occurred around 1950, and was an act of involuntary
manslaughter. The typical punishment of wrong doing is social ostracization (shunning). This
type of society is an excellent example of the folk-communal, or informal justice system.

13. What are the 7 Theories of Comparative Criminology?

According to Scheider (2001), the various theories that exist with empirical support are
the following theories of comparative Criminology:
 1. Alertness to crime theory is that as a nation develops, people’s alertness to crime is
heightened, so they report more crime to police and also demand the police become more
effective at solving crime problems.
2. Economic or migration theory is that crime everywhere is the result of unrestrained
migration and over population in urban areas such as ghettos and slums.
3. Opportunity theory is that along with higher standards of living, victims become more
careless of their belongings, and opportunities for committing crime multiply.
4. Demographic theory is based on the event of when a greater number of children are being
born, because as these baby booms grow up, delinquent subcultures develop out of the
adolescent identity crisis. Deprivation theory holds that progress comes along with rising
expectations, and people at the bottom develop unrealistic expectations while people at the
top don’t see themselves rising fast enough.
5. Modernization theory sees the problem as society becoming too complex.
6. Theory of anomie and synomie (the latter being a term referring to social cohesion on
values), suggests that progressive lifestyle and norms result in the disintegration of older
norms that once held people together (anomie).

14. What are the types of police in the world?

The following are some of the types of police

1. Uniformed police
2. Detectives
3. Auxiliary
4. Special police
5. Military police
6. Religious police
7. Border police
8. Transport police

15. Differentiate centralized from decentralized system of law enforcement?

Decentralized Law Enforcement

Decentralized police refers to a system where police administrations and operations are
independent from one state to another. It is more applicable to countries with federal government.

In many countries, particularly those with a federal system of government, there may be several
police or police-like organizations, each serving different levels of government and enforcing
different subsets of the applicable law. The United States has a highly decentralized and fragmented
system of law enforcement, with over 17,000 state and local law enforcement agencies. Germany
and UK have also decentralized law enforcement agencies.

Countries with Centralized policing system

Simply means on police force operating in a country.
Some countries, such as Chile, Israel, Philippines, France, Austria, use a centralized system of
policing. A country with only one recognized police force which operates entire that country is called
is called centralized police. Thus, Philippines is an example of centralized police because the
Philippine National Police has one central office with many regional, provincial and local branches
throughout the country.
16. What can the Philippines National Police Adopt?

As to organization, decentralization of regional or city police office that can be financially

support its operation. This is to do away with the scenario that the fault of Manila is the fault of
the entire officers of the PNP.

As the responsibilities, the specific functions of officers assigned in the Koban and
Chuzaizho can be applied hence, the new PNP officers can be assigned to

A. Gather data related to his jurisdiction (for city police officer) like list of people who are
- working late at night who might be of help as witnesses to crime
- not engage in formal employment (stand by)
- owns gun or swords
- with mental illness
- old living in the area alone who should be visited periodically
- leaders of legitimate organizations
- leaders of illegitimate organization
- total population
- list of households, rented homes and apartments

B. Conduct the following (for provincial or municipal police officer) like

 Visit each house twice a year to be acquainted and to determine their needs related to
law enforcement
 Seminars among barangay leaders related to peace and order

As to the general entry qualification, height must not be a requirement (from UK Law
Enforcement) when the applicant has an above average intelligent quotient.
As to participation of civilian, accreditation of individuals who are not members of the PNP but
with specialization in the fields related to law enforcement is encourage.
For example, priest, pastors and ministries may be involved in values trainings of the PNP.
Biologist, Ballisticians and other related profession may be accredited to help in law enforcement
exercises.
Another on organization and supervision, the PNP may be separated and be fully controlled and
supervised by the National Police Commission without interference of local executives.
For example, a City Chief of Police could have same position as a City Mayor. The former is in
charge with peace and order and law enforcement concerns while the last later is more an
administration of the city’s concern not covering the concern of the chief of police. Coordination and
cooperation are imperative in this recommendation. This idea will empower the PNP to initiate a
more constructive and practical ways to improve peace and order. This recommendation may also
reduce the incidence of taking orders from the whims and caprices of corrupt politicians, examples is
the Maguindanao Massacre.

17. What are the 2 Types of Court Systems of the World?

1. Adversarial System
In adversarial the accused is innocent until proven guilty, and inquisitorial, where the
accused is guilty until proven innocent or mitigated. The U.S. adversarial system is unique in
the world. No other nation, not even the U.K. places as much emphasis upon determination
 of factual guilt in the courtroom as the U.S. does. Outside the U.S. most trials are concerned
with legal guilt where everyone knows the offender did it, and the purpose is to get the
offender to apologize, own up to their responsibility, argue for mercy, or suggest an
appropriate sentence for themselves.
2. Inquisitorial Systems
Where lesser rights are granted to the accused, and the written law is taken as gospel
and subject to little interpretation.

18. What is Globalization?

Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies,

and government of different nations, as process driven by international trade and investment
and aided by information technology. This process has effects on the environment, on culture,
on political systems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-
being in societies around the world.

In economic context, it refers to the reduction and removal of barriers between national
borders in order to facilitate to flow of goods, capital, services and labor..although considerable
barriers remain to the flow of labor.

19. What are Effects of Globalization to La w Enforcement in the Philippines? (V. Delos Santos)
 The facilitation of transnational crimes and criminals can be easily achieved.
 There is a need for transnational policing. The cooperation among police organization in
the world is vital.
 Training instructional for incoming law enforcement officers must include advance
computer to prepare them as cyber cops so they can be better prepared to deal with
cyber crimes.
 Development of new strategies to deal with international organized crimes is a must.
 Provisions of law enforcement with updated legislations related to modernization theory
of crime.

20. What are the Threats to Law Enforcement Brought by Globalization

International criminal networks have been quick to take advantage of the opportunities
resulting from the revolutionary changes in world politics, technology, and communication that
have strengthened democracy and free markets, brought the world’s nations closer together,
and given the some countries unprecedented security and prosperity.

Globalization allowed international criminals to expand their networks and increase

their cooperation in illicit activities and financial transactions.

Criminals have taken advantage of transitioning and more open economies to establish
front companies and quasi-legitimate businesses that facilitates smuggling, money laundering,
financial frauds, intellectual property piracy, and other illicit ventures.

Criminal groups have taken advantage of the high volume of legitimate trade to smuggle
drugs, arms, and other contraband across national boundaries.
 Criminals are able to exploit the complexity of the international system to hide drugs or
other contraband or to conceal the true origin and ownership of cargo within contraband is
hidden.

Through the use of computers, international criminals have an unprecedented capability

to obtain, process, and protect information and sidestep law enforcement investigations. They
can use the interactive capabilities of advanced computer and telecommunications systems to
plot marketing strategies for drugs and other illicit commodities, to find the most efficient
routes and methods for smuggling and moving money or banking security. International
criminals also take advantage of the speed and magnitude of financial transactions and the fact
that there are few safeguards to prevent abuse of the system to move large amounts of money
without scrutiny. More threateningly, some criminals organizations appear to be adept at using
technology for counter intelligence purpose and for tracking law enforcement activities.

21. What are the Different Police Global Organizations?

The different police international associations in the world are

 ASEAN Chiefs of Police
 Europol
 IACP
 Interpol
 UN policing

22. When was ASEAN Chiefs of Police Establish?

Aseanapol (ASEAN Chiefs of police) was established in 1998.

23. What are the member of countries of ASEAN CP?

 Indonesia
 Malaysia
 Philippines
 Singapore
 Thailand
 Brunei Darussalam
 Vietnam
 Lao PDR
 Myanmar
 Cambodia

24. What are the objectives of ASEANAPOL?

1. Enhancing police professionalism

2. Forging stronger regional co-operation in police work and promoting lasting friendship
among the police officers of ASEAN countries.
25. What is EUROPOL?

It means European Police Office or Europol

Europal is the European Union’s criminal intelligence agency. It became fully operational
on 1 July 1999.

26. What is the aim of Europol?

Europol’s aim to improve the effectiveness and co-operation between the competent
authorities of the member states primarily by sharing and pooling intelligence to prevent and
combat serious international organized crime. Its mission is to make a significant contribution to
the European Union’s law enforcement efforts targeting organized crime.

27. What is the mission of Europol?

The mission of Europol is to make a significant contribution to the European Union’s law
enforcement action against organized crime and terrorism with an emphasis on targeting
criminal organizations.

28. How does Europol Assist Member States Investigations?

Europol supports the law enforcement activities of the member states by:
Facilitating the exchange of information between Europol and Europol Liaison Officers
(ELO’s) are seconded the Europol by the Members States as representatives of their national law
enforcement agencies, thus they are not under the command of Europol and its Director as such.
Furthermore, they act in accordance with their national law.

Providing operational analysis and support to Member States operations;

Providing expertise and technical support for investigations and operations carried out
within the EU, under the supervision and the legal responsibility of the Member States;

Generating strategic reports (e.g. threat assessment) and crime analysis on the basis of
information and intelligence supplied by Member States or gathered from other sources.

29. What is Europol’ss mandate?

Europols supports the law enforcement activities of the member states mainly against:

 Illicit drug trafficking

 Illicit immigration networks;
 Terrorism; Forgery of money (counterfeiting of the euro) and other means of
payment;
 Trafficking in human beings (including child pornography);
 Illicit vehicle trafficking;
 Money laundering.

30. Does Europol only act on request?

 Yes, Europol only acts on request at present. However, the Protocol of the 28 November
2002 amending the Europol convention, allows Europol to request the competent authorities of
the Member States to investigate. Article 3 b) of the Protocol states that “Member States should
be deal with any request from Europol to initiate, conduct or co-ordinate investigations in
specific cases and should give such requests due consideration. Europol should be informed
whether the requested investigation will be initiated”.

31. What is the added value of having Europol as a European law enforcement agency?

There are numerous advantages for the European law enforcement community. Europol
is unique in this field as it is multi-disciplinary agency, comprising not only regular price officers
but staff members from the various law enforcement agencies of the Member States and
covering specialized areas such as customs, immigration services, intelligence services, border
and financial police.

32. What is IACP?

It stands for International Association of Chiefs of Police. The International Association of

Chiefs of Police is the world’s oldest and largest nonprofit membership organization of police
executives, with over 20,000 members in over 80 different countries. IACP’s leadership consists
of the operating chief executes of international, federal, state and local agencies of all sizes.

33. What are the Missions of IACP?

The IACP shall

1. Advance professional police services;
2. Promote enhanced administrative, technical, and operational police practices, foster
cooperation and the exchange of information and experience among police leaders
and police organizations of recognized professional and technical standing
throughout the world.

34. What is Interpol?

Interpol is the short form of International Criminal Police Organization. It began in 1923,
and at the same time its name was International Criminal Police Commission. In 1956, its name
became International Criminal Police Organization. The word Interpol was a short of
International Criminal Police Organization. This short form served as the address to receive
telegrams. Slowly, the name of this international organization became famous as Interpol. Now,
Interpol is the second biggest international organization; the United Nations is the first. Some
important information about Interpol:

Interpol is crime fighting organization, just like your local police department. Instead,
they help other member countries that need to co-operate by connecting all members of
Interpol by a network of files of criminals and cases if any of Interpol’s 182 nations need them.

35. What does Interpol do?

 Interpol records any information about something that was in a criminal case, ex:
information on criminals, type of crime, vehicles, anything to help any police officer with
information about a certain crime.

36. Why was Interpol created?

The countries in Europe needed a co-operation between countries. This was needed
because criminals would commit crimes in one country in Europe and then skip to another
country to avoid prosecution. Since Europe is a tightly packed continent, police didn’t have
enough time to catch criminals, and the idea was created.

37. What UN Police Do?

One of the objectives of the Philippine National Police Officers being deployed in the UN
mission is for mentoring other law enforcement of foreign countries like East Timor and Kosovo.
Assistance to host-state police and other law enforcement agencies. United Nations
Police Officers support the reform, restructuring and rebuilding of domestic police and other law
enforcement agencies through training and advising. Direct assistance is also provided, often
through trust funds, for the refurbishment of facilities and the procurement of vehicles,
communication equipment and other law enforcement material. Such assistance has been
provided in the past, for example, by the police components of peace operations in Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Burundi, Cote dlvoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Haiti, Kosovo, Liberia and
Sierre Leone.

38. What is Transnational Organized Crime?

Transnational organized crime involves the planning and execution of illicit business
ventures by groups or networks of individuals working in more than one country. These criminal
groups use systematic violence and corruption to achieve their goal. Crimes commonly include
money laundering; human smuggling; cybercrime; and trafficking of humans, drugs, weapons,
endangered species, body parts, or nuclear material.
Transnational crime ring activities weaken economies and financial systems and
undermine democracy. These networks often prey on governments that are not powerful
enough to oppose them, prospering on illegal activities, such as drug trafficking that bring them
immense profits. In carrying out illegal activities, they upset the peace and stability of nations
worldwide, often using bribery, violence, or terror to achieve their goals.

39. What the Major Transnational Organized Crime Groups?

Transnational crime often operate in well-organized groups, intentionally united to carry

out illegal actions. Groups typically involve certain hierarchies and are headed by a powerful
leader. These transnational organized crime groups work to make a profit through illegal
activities. Because groups operate internationally, their activity is a threat to global security,
often weakening governmental institutions or destroying legitimate business endeavors.

Well-known organized crime groups include:

 Russian Mafia.
 Around 200 Russian groups that operate in nearly 60 countries worldwide. They
have been involved in racketeering, fraud, tax evasion, gambling, drug
trafficking, ransom, robbery and murder.
 La Cosa Nostra.
Known as the Italian or Italian-American mafia. The most prominent organized
crime group in the world from the 1920’s to the 1990’s. They have been involved
in violence, arson, bombings, torture, sharking, gambling, drug trafficking,
health insurance fraud, and political and judicial corruption.
 Yakuza
Japanese criminal group. Often involved in multinational criminals activities,
including human trafficking, gambling, prostitution, and undermining licit
businesses.
 FukChing.
Chinese organized group in the United States. They have been involved in
smuggling, street violence, and human trafficking.
 Triads.
Underground criminal societies based in Hong Kong. They control secret markets
and bus routes and are often involved in money laundering and drug trafficking.
 Heijin
Taiwanese gangsters who are often executives in large corporations. They are
often involved in white collar crimes, such as illegal stock trading and bribery,
and sometimes run for public office.
 Jao Pho.
Organized crime group in Thailand. They are often involved in illegal political and
business activity.
 Red Wa.
Gangsters from Thailand. They are involved in manufacturing and trafficking
methamphetamine.

40. What is Human Trafficking?

Human Trafficking is the illegal in human beings for the purposes of commercial sexual
exploitation or forced labor: a modern-day form of slavery. It is the fastest growing criminal
industry in the world, and tied with the illegal arms industry as the second largest, after the
drug, trade.
Human Trafficking is a crime against humanity. It further defined as an act of recruiting,
transporting, transferring, harboring or receiving a person through a use of force, coercion or
other means, for the purpose of exploiting them. Every year, thousands of men, women and
children fall into the hands of traffickers, in their own countries and abroad. Every country in the
world is affected by trafficking, whether as a country of origin, tansit or destination for victims.
UNODC, as guardian of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime
(UNTOC) and the Protocols thereto, assists States in their efforts to implement the Protocol to
Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Person (Trafficking in Persons Protocol).

41. What are the Elements of Human Trafficking?

On the basis of the definition given in the trafficking in persons protocol, t is evident that
trafficking in persons has three constituent elements;
  The Act (What is done)
Recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, or receipt of persons
 The Means (How it is done)
Threat or use of force, coercion, abduction, fraud, deception, abuse of power or
vulnerability, or giving payments or benefits to a person in control of the victim
 The Purpose (Why it is done)
For the purpose of exploitation, which include exploiting the prostitution of
others, sexual exploitation, forced labor, slavery or similar practices and the
removal of organs.

To ascertain whether a particular circumstances constitutes trafficking in persons, consider the

definition of trafficking in the Trafficking in Persons Protocol and the constituent elements of the offence,
as defined by relevant domestic legislation.

42. What is Drug Trafficking?

Drug trafficking involves selling drugs and drug paraphernalia, whether is it local
exchange between a user and a dealer or a major international operation. Drug trafficking I a
problem that affects every nation in the world and exists in many levels.
Drug trafficking is the commercial exchange of drugs and drug paraphernalia. This
include any equipment used to manufacture illegal drugs or use them.

43. What are Cybercrimes?

Cybercrimes are generally defined as any type of illegal activity that makes use of the
Internet, a private or public network, or an in-house computer system. While many forms of
cybercrime revolve around the appropriation of proprietary information for unauthorized use,
other examples are focused more on a invasion of privacy. As a growing problem around the
world, many countries are beginning to implement laws and other regulatory mechanisms in an
attempt to minimize the incidence of cybercrime.

44. What is Terrorism?

1. The use of violence and threats to intimidate or coerce, especially for political
purposes.
2. The state of fear and submission produced by terrorism for terrorization.
3. A terroristic method of governing or of resisting a government.

Terrorism is the systematic use of terror especially as a means of coercion. At present,

the International community has been unable to formulate a university agreed, legally binding,
criminal law definition of terrorism. Common definitions of terrorism refer only to those violent
acts which are intended to create fear (terror), are perpetrated for a religious, political, or
ideological goal, and deliberately target or disregard the safety of non-combatants (civilians).

Some definitions also include acts of unlawful violence and war. This history of terrorism
organizations suggest that they do not select terrorism for its political effectiveness. Individual
terrorists tend to be motivated more by a desire for social solidarity with other members of their
 organization than by political platforms or strategic objectives, which are often murky and
undefined.

45. What is Money Laundering?

Money Laundering is the process of creating the appearance that large amounts of
money obtained from serious crimes, such as drug trafficking, originated from a legitimate
source. It is a crime in many jurisdictions with varying definitions. It is a key operation of the
underground economy.

46. Who is the only Filipino Former President of the Interpol?

Jolly R. Bugarin was the Filipino President of the Interpol in 1980 – 1984 after the term
of Carl G. Persson of Sweden.
 Chapter II

Multiple Choice Questions

This chapter is divided into four divisions of multiple choice type of examination. It is intended to
prepare the reviewee to pass the licensure examination. The suggested answer are provided at the end
of each exam, except for the last set of examination.

Test I. Multiple Choice:

Directions: Select the best answers. Letters only.

1. Mongolia’s Security forces are divided into agencies, which of this responsible for internal
defense?
a. Ministry of Justice and Home Affairs
b. Ministry of Home Affairs
c. General Intelligence
d. Ministry of Defense

2. The duration training of private and sergeant officer in Mongolia is months while
those assigned lieutenant will spend years in Mongolia Police Academy.
a. 6 to 12 months, 2-4 years
b. 6 to 10 months, 1-3 years
c. 3 to 6 months, 3-5 years
d. 3 to 6 months, 1-4 years

3. “Aymag” in police of Mongolia means

a. Municipality b. City c. Province d. State

4. Kuwait government s very rigid in screening of its police officer except in the qualification of
a. education b. citizenry c. relationship of tribal groups d. relationship of the ruling family

5. What is the lowest rank in Police Kuwait?

a. Constable b. Private 1st class c. Police Officer I d. Police Constable

6. Police Act of 1963 is the law establishing

a. Police in Nepal b. Police in Malaysia c. Police in Taiwan d. Police in Trinidad Tobago

7. Which of the following countries which decentralized policing system?

a. Indonesia b. Philippines c. Kuwait d. Germany

8. In Pakistan, this law made their police organization the norm to be followed in all provinces
under the British Rule. What is this law?
a. Police Act of 1861 b. Police Act of 1881 c. Police Act of 1871 d. Police Act of 1891
9. Republic Act number 6975 is the law creating the PNP organization under the DILG while
Republic Act Number 8551 refers to the law of “Philippine National Police Reform and
Reorganization act of 1998. What is the Taiwan’s law similar these laws?
a. Police Act no. 3 of 1889 c. Police Act no. 3 of 1888
b. Police Act no. 4 of 1889 d. Police Act. No. 4 of 1888

10. The duties of police are defined by the law on authorities of the Interior and
concern the maintenance of public order and fight against crime in Kyrgzstan.
a. 2005 b. 1985 c. 1995 d. 1975

11. Although the educational qualifications may vary from province to province, generally the
requirement for constables in Pakistan is?
a. 12 years of school education
b. 10 years of school education
c. 11 years of school education
d. 9 years of school education

12. In Angola, the age qualification to become police is .

a. 18 to 55 years old b. 18 to 35 years old c. 18 to 45 years old d. 18 to 25 years old

13. In Sri Lanka, the following are the three divisions of police ranks, except:
a. Gazzetted officers b. Junior Gazzetted officers c. Senior Gazzetted officers
d. Non Gazzetted officers

14. Which of the following s the lowest rank in Police Sri Lanka?
a. Police Constable Class I c. Police Constable Class 2
b. Police Constable Class 3 d. Police Constable Class 4

15. What is the highest rank in Kuwait Police

a. Lt. General b. Major General c. General d. Brigadier General

16. Punjab prison in located in?

a. Oman b. Israel c. Saudi Arabia d. Pakistan

17. The equivalent of Senior Police officer 4 (SP04 in the PNP) to that Kazakhstan Law enforcement
rank is?
a. Senior praporshik of militsiya
b. Senior starshina of militsiya
c. Senior sergeant of militsiya
d. Senior private of militsiya

18. Police officer 2 in the Philippines is in Israel?

a. RavNitzav b. RavShoter c. Nitzav d. Shoter

19. What is the appropriate number of professional police officers in Izrael?

a. 30,000 b. 7,000 c. 300,000 d. 70,000

20. What is the main mission of police in India?

 a. Safer India b. Towards Safer India c. Towards Peaceful India d. Peaceful India

21. “Chowkidars” means

a. Volunteer police in India
b. Municipal police in India
c. Rural police in India
d. Urban police in India

22. In India, there are three levels of entry into the police force. What are these?
a. First is as constable, for which at least a secondary school education is required.
b. For the second level of entry, the qualification is a degree in any discipline.
c. Candidate has to sit for a written examination, and later for an interview.
d. For scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, marginal concession are given in respect to
education qualification and age
a. a, b and c b. c, b and d c. a, b and d d. c, a and b

23. United Kingdom has no national police force, only a network of individual forces, which may
coordinate more centrally in times of crisis through what are known as mutual aid procedures.
This statement is true. These statements are
a. True b. False c. Partially True d. Partially False

24. The federal government is prohibited from exercising general police powers due to restrictions in
the constitution, because the United States is organized as a union of sovereign states, which
earn retain their police, military and domestic law-making power. This statement is
a. True b. False c. Partially True d. Partially False

25. The United States has 3 styles of policing. Which of these is emphasizes the maintaining order,
usually found in communities with a declining industrial base, and a blue-collar, mixed
ethnic/racial population. This form of policing is implicitly less pro-active than other styles, and
certain offenses may be “overlooked” on a variety of social, legal, and cultural grounds, as long
as the public order is maintained.
a. Watchman b. Service c. Legalistic d. Security

26. The Royal Police of Brunei is in charge of the following functions. Except
a. Prisons b. fire services c. the issuing of licenses d. immigration

27. The country of Cambodia is surrounded by

a. Laos b. Vietnam c. Thailand d. Persian Gulf
a. a, b and c b. b, c and d c. a, b and d d. all of the above

28. Which of the following countries that include in their the two-month training course the
Information Technology designed to improve their ability to process ID cards?
a. Cambodia b. California c. Columbia d. Sri Lanka

29. What are the three security agencies under the Syrian law enforcement?
a. General security b. state security c. political security d. territorial security
a. a, b and c b. b, c and d c. a, b and d d. all of the above
30. The equipment of Police Officer I in Cambodian law enforcement rank is
a. Officer cadet b. warrant officer c. chief warrant officer d. constable

31. The flag of Iraq has three equal horizontal bands of red (top) white and black, the takbir in green
Arabic script is centered in the white band. That is meant by takbir?
a. God is great b. God loves Iraq c. God saves Iraq d. God saves Saddam

32. The equivalent of National Police Commission in the Philippines in Sir Lanka is
a. National Police Commission
b. National Public Security Commission
c. National Police Board
d. National Police Protection Commission

33. The name of Kuwait is derived from the Arabic meaning fortress built near water.
a. Akwat b. Kouwati c. Kauwat d. Kouwat

34. The – ISF al-mudiriyya al-‘aama li-Quwwa al-Amin al-Dakhili) or Forcers de Securitereriure (FSI)
in French is the national police and security force of Lebanon which means.
a. Internal security forces
b. Security for Peace and Order
c. Peace and Order Security Force
d. Police security Force

35. The highway patrol or motorway police in Germany is

a. Wasserschutzpolizei b. Autobahnpolizei c. Spezialeinsatzkommando d. Higpatrolpolizie

36. What is the equivalent of National Police Commissions in the Philippines to that of Japan Law
Enforcement?
a. National Public Safety Commission
b. National Police Agency Commission
c. National Police and Public Commission
d. National Public and Safety Commission

37. Under the Japanese historical police organization, which of the following is in charge of the
investigation and control of political groups and ideologies deemed to be a threat to public
order?
a. Tokko b. Tokeitai c. Kempetai d. Kidotai

38. Below are included functions of police in Japan which is gathering of information related to their
duties. The information they gather include the following except those
a. Working late at night who might be of help as witnesses to crime
b. Normally cooperative with the police
c. Not engage in formal employment (stand by)
d. Owns gun or swords

a. a, b and c b. no exception c. a, b and d d. all of the above

39. One of the opportunities brought by globalization to law enforcement is that criminals have
taken advantage of transitioning and more open economies to establish front companies and
quasi-legitimate businesses that facilitate smuggling, money laundering, financial frauds,
intellectual property piracy, and other illicit ventures. This statement is
a. True b. partly false c. false d. Partly false

40. The statement that “criminal groups have taken advantage of the high volume of legitimate
trade to smuggle drugs, arms, and other contraband across national boundaries” is considered
a. Threat to law enforcement brought by globalization
b. Opportunity to law enforcement brought by globalization
c. Both threat and opportunity to law enforcement
d. Challenge to law enforcement

41. Policing plays an increasingly important role in United Nations peacekeeping and this looks set to
grown in the year ahead, especially as the international community seeks to develop the rule of
law and reform security institutions in States recovering from conflict. This is the concept of
a. Transnational policing b. Global policing c. National policing d. Divided policing

42. The following are international police associations in the world, except:
a. Europol
b. IACP
c. Interpol
d. None of the above

43. Which of the following is not a member of ASEAN Chiefs of Police?

a. Indonesia b. Philippines c. Malaysia c. North Korea

44. Does Europol only act on request?

a. Yes, Europol should be informed whether the requested investigation will be initiated.
b. Yes, member states should deal with any request from Europol to initiate, conduct or co-
ordinate investigations in specific cases and should give such request due consideration.
c. a and b are correct
d. only b is correct

45. Where is the present Interpol headquarters located?

a. Lyon, France b. Saint Cloud, a town located near Paris c. Italy d. London

46. As of 2012, what is the estimate total member country of the Interpol?
a. 300 b. 100 c. 200 d. 50

47. Interpol does not take political side in its work. It takes cases where the crime or the matter
relates to more than one country. It looks after many types of cases. Some of them are noted
below, except:
a. Terrorism b. Illicit drug production c. Organized crime d. rebellion

48. The countries in Europe needed a co-operation between countries. This was needed because
criminals would commit crimes in one country in Europe and then skip to another country to
 avoid prosecution. Since Europe is tightly packed continent, police didn’t have enough time to
catch criminals, this was the idea why?
a. Interpol was created b. UN police was created c. Europol was created d. IACP was created

49. Which of the following is not a mission of the IACP?

a. Advance professional police service
b. Promote enhanced police administration
c. Foster cooperation and the exchange of information and experience among the police
leaders and police organizations of recognized professional and technical standing
throughout the world.
d. Arrest the suspect

50. The Taiwanese gangsters who are often executes in large corporations. They are often involved in
white collar crimes, such as illegal stock trading and bribery, and sometimes run for public office.
This is
a. Heijin b. Red Wa c. Jao Pho d. La Cosa Nostra

51. In Cambodian Law enforcement, the police are organized into six departments. Which of the
following is not one of them?
a. security b. public order c. transport d. investigation

52. Indonesia Police has command and divided into territorial force. Which of these is called
provincial police?
a. Kepolisian Daerah or Polda
b. Kepolisian Wilayah or Polwil
c. Kipolisian Resort or Polres
d. Kepolisian Sektor or Polsek

53. In the law enforcement organization of Qatar, the Police is commanded by a commandant who is
. For operational purposes, the emirate is divided into four departments:
Airport, Doha, North and Umm Said
a. senior military officer b. colonel c. brigadier d. lieutenant colonel

54. What is the equivalent of police officer I in the PNP organization to that Qatar law enforcement
organization?
a. constable b. shorta I c. policeman I d. Shurti

55. Which of the following types of United States police also known as boroughs?
a. Federal b. Country c. State d. Sheriff

56. What is known as religious or moralist police in Saudi Arabia?

a. Mubahith b. Moro front c. Mutaween d. Mara Noah

57. Mutaween is a police responsible for

a. Enforcement of the constitution
b. Enforcement of the Quran
c. Investigation
d. Intelligence
58. Which of the following is the lowest commissioned police rank in Thailand?
a. Phantamruat tir b. Roitamruattho c. Roitamruatek d. Roitamruat tri

59. What is the equivalent of roitamruat tri?

a. police major b. police lieutenant c. police captain d. police sub-lieutenant

60. Which of the following is not one of the states in United Kingdom?
a. Scotland b. Ireland c. England d. New Zealand

61. What is the age qualification to qualify for Taiwan police?

a. 21-30 b. 19-29 c. 20-30 d. 18-28

62. What is the equivalent of DILG in China law enforcement?

a. Ministry of public order
b. Ministry of justice
c. Ministry of local government
d. Ministry of public security

63. What is the equivalent of Philippine National Police in Saudi Arabia?

a. Saudi Police Force b. Saudi National Police
c. Saudi National Security Force d. Department of Public Safety

64. A law enforcement agency which not only enjoys the respect of the society, for its integrity,
professional competence, and impartially but also serves as a role model for provincial police
forces. This the vision of Federal Investigation Agency of
a. USA police b. UK police c. UAE police d. Pakistan police

65. The “no height requirement” is applicable in the following countries, except:
a. Vietnam b. UK c. Australia d. Afghanistan

66. What is the equivalent of PNP in Oman?

a. Oman Security Police
b. Oman Department of Public Security
c. Republic of Oman Police
d. Royal Oman Police

67. The Department of Interior and Local Government in the Philippines is in Iran.
a. Department of Interior
b. Ministry of Interior
c. Ministry of Interior and Home affairs
d. Ministry of Interior and justice

68. The National Police of Angola it has the lowest rank of

a. conscript b. field marshall c. office cadet d. constable

69. The name of Comoros police is

a. Comoros Security Force
b. Comoros National Police
 c. Comoros National Police Force
d. Comoros National Police Security Force

70. In Madagascar, the name of national police is

a. National Gendarmerie
b. National Madagascar Police
c. Madagascar National Police

71. Namibian Police Force has the highest rank of

a. Inspector General c. Director General
b. Police Commissioner d. 5 Star General

72. A Review whereby advisory opinions rather than judgments are rendered because
constitutionality is decided without hearing an actual case that has arisen under a particular law
is
a. adjudications b. administrative c. adversarial d. abstract

73. Attorney in France are called?

a. advocats b. counsel c. lawyer d. your honor

74. Committees in England that act as an independent watch dog on the prisons, meeting with
inmates and staff to safeguard the well-being and rights of all prisoners and to help with
problems of discipline and administrations.
a. Board of Borstals b. Board of Bundestag c. Board of Bundersat d. Board of Visitors

75. What is the Police Force Act in which the New Zealand Police Force was established as a single
national force?
a. Constabulary act of 1876 b. Police Force Act of 1886
b. Police Force Act of 1947 c. Police Act of 1958

76. The central training institution for police recruits and police officers in New Zealand.
a. New Zealand Police College
b. Royal New Zealand Police College
c. Royal New Zealand Police College
d. Royal New Zealand Law Enforcement College

77. New Zealand Police is a organization.

a. centralized b. decentralized c. disorganized d. demoralized

78. New Zealand Police is divided into how many districts?

a. 10 b. 12 c. 11 d. 13

79. Created in 1964 to provide a specialist armed response unit, similar to CO19 in the United
Kingdom.
a. Special Tactics Group c. Armed Offenders Squad
b. Special Air Service d. Special Weapon Group

80. How many ranks are there in the New Zealand Police?
 a. 10 b. 11 c. 12 d. 13

81. What is the Motto of the New Zealand Police?

a. “Safer Communities Everywhere”
b. “Safer Communities Together”
c. “Safer Communities Forever”
d. “Safer Communities Police”

82. What is the percentage of officers with the rank of Commissioners in the New Zealand Police?
a. 5% b. 75% c. 15% d. 80%

83. Which of the following is not among the Chinese police components:
a. Patrol police b. prison police c. Judicial procuratorates d. Judicial Peoples court

84. Which type of Chinese police responsible for escorting suspects in cases investigated by the
prosecutors?
a. security police b. prison police c. judicial procuratorates d. judicial peoples court

85. The Chinese principal police authority. It is responsible for maintaining social and public order,
and also for the conducting investigations and arrest of suspects in criminal cases. It maintains
public order in accordance with the administrative power granted by law and through the police
force.
a. Ministry of Public Safety
b. Ministry of State Security
c. Peoples Armed Police
d. Peoples Liberation Police e

86. The first work line defense in police Japan is

a. Kidotai b. Tokko c. Koban d. kempetai

87. How many police ranks are there in China police?

a. 12 b. 15 c. 13 d. 16

88. What is the equivalent of Police officer I to the police rank in UK?
a. Police constable I b. Kobantable c. Constable d. Patrol officer

89. What is the equivalent rank of Director General to police rank in China?
a. Police Commissioner c. Chief Constable
b. Chief Supt d. Chief of Police

90. Taiwan’s police emergency call number is?

a. 1-1-10 b. 1-1-1 c. 5-5-5 d. 911

91. The Republic of Kazakhstan has police force, its name is?
a. Republic of Kazakhstan Police Force
b. Republic of Kazakhstan Security Force
c. Kazakhstan Military Police
d. Kazakhstan Royal Police
92. Which of the following is not an entry qualification for police in Canada?
a. Completed 4 years secondary education
b. 18 years old and above
c. Certified first aid CPR
d. Must pass polygraph test

a. None of the above is qualification

b. All of the above are qualifications
c. A and c are not qualifications
d. C and d are not qualifications

93. What is the exact name of the police force in Canada

a. Royal Canadian Mounted Police
b. Canada Security Force
c. National Police Agency of Canada
d. Department of Canadian Security Force

94. Chief Superintendent in Canada police rank is equivalent to in the Philippines.

a. Director b. Sr. Spt. d. Chief Supt. d. Deputy Director General

95. Canada is the 2nd largest country in the world the biggest is Russia, what is the approximately
population of the former?
a. 33 million and 100 c. 43 million and 100
b. 53 million and 100 d. 63 million and 100

96. Ukraine police is called?

a. Mileetseeya b. Pulisia c. policia d. polisia

97. “Making the a safer place to live, work, visit and play” is the favorite quotes of police
in .
a. Switzerland b. Ireland c. Bahamas d. Egypt Oasis

98. One of the places with the highest crime rate in the world is with 6400 murders per
year @ 8 million population.
a. Columbia b. Syria c. Dominica d. Sri Lanka

99. Qatar has no height requirement for police and the age qualification is?
a. 16 years old b. 20 years old c. 18 years old d. 21 years old

100. If the decentralize law enforcement system is to be adopted in the Philippines, what is the best
possible application?
a. It can be applicable in all cities
b. It can be applicable in all regions
c. It can be applicable to either city or regions that can financially sustain its operation
d. It can neither be applicable in cities nor in any regions
Test II. Multiple Choice:

Directions: Select the best answer. Letters only

1. In 1972, the Germans developed the anti-terrorisms forces which gained as one of the top anti-
terrorism in the world. What is the name of this force?
a. Grinzchutzgruppe b. Grinszvhutzgruppe c. Grenschutzgruppi d. Grenzschutzgruppe

2. The terrorist group that has significant presence in China in the 20 th century is
a. Yugurs b. Rugurys c. Guyurs c. Uygurs

3. What country where inmates had been forced to tie themselves to the cell bars to sleep because
of lack of floor space?
a. Brazil b. Germany c. Venezuela d. Albany

4. A form or restitution used in Islamic countries which it pays directly to the victim of his family as
compensation for the crime committed
a. community service b. probation c. restitution d. diyya

5. “We punish you not because you have stolen a chicken but because we do not want others to
follow what you have done.” This statement is true in
a. Retribution b. Incapacitation c. Rehabilitation d. Deterrence

6. Which country does not apply “warning” as a form of criminal sanction?

a. European countries b. Slovena c. Kazakhstan d. Japan

7. In Saudi Arabia the dispute involving relations of foreign businessmen are generally handled by
a. Shaira court b. Courts of appeal c. high court d. board of grievances

8. There is no formal division between civil and criminal cases in Saudi Arabia. This statement is
a. true b. yes c. false d. no

9. This court handles legal matters across boundaries and for violations on international standards
a. Supranational court b. Transnational Court c. Super national court d. national court

10. What is the lowest level of court in Japan?

a. District b. police c. country d. summary

11. In France what level of court that has he jurisdiction over minor offenses?
a. assize b. minor c. correctional d. police

12. Court of Cassation in France has

a. 5 chambers with 15 judges
b. 4 chambers with 15 judges
c. 3 chambers with 15 judges
d. 2 chambers with 15 judges

13. What court of New Zealand that has he jurisdiction over dispute of lands?
 a. Maori b. Crown c. Country d. House of Lords

14. Magistrate court handles minor offenses in

a. England b. Germany c. France d. USA

15. The criminal court organization in Germany which hears minor criminal cases is
a. Amtgerickte b. Oberlandesgerichte c. Landgericht d. Bundesgerichtshof

16. The word court is derived from Latin word

a. Co-hortus b. none of these c. cohort d. all of the above

17. Co-hurtus means

a. Being together
b. Being together in
c. Being together in the same garden
d. Together again

18. Basic people’s is practiced in

a. Japan b. France c. USA d. China

19. What is the most practice form of criminal sanction which is also the most problematic
punishment in the world?
a. Imprisonment b. Non-Custodial c. Death Penalty d. Day Fines

20. The length training of police officers in America is amounting 2-40 weeks. The training covers
physical fitness and classroom instruction. What is the average length of training?
a. 5 weeks b. 15 week c. 10 weeks d. 20 weeks

21. In China, what is the age requirement so one can be qualified as police officer?
a. At least 19 years old b. 22 years old c. 21 years old d. at least 25 years old

22. The unique type of police training for higher officers in Saudi Arabia involves
a. Extensive academic training
b. Class room training
c. Physical fitness
d. Extensive training on terrorism

23. Which of the following countries has an amount of training that varies generally 2-3 years?
a. England b. France c. Japan d. Germany

24. What country’s police organization has its roots in the Napoleonic system of internal spying and
policing?
a. New Zealand b. Germany c. New York d. France

25. The two federal police agencies in Germany are called Federal Investigation Bureau and Federal
police both are under the
a. Ministry of Defense b. Ministry of the Interior
c. Ministry of the Security d. Ministry of the Justice
26. In May 2005, Germany’s Bundesgrensshutz was renamed Bundespolize to reflect new
responsibility for domestic security that combined law enforcement and intelligence. What is
meant by Bundespolize?
a. German Federal c. German Federal Border
b. Federal Army d. Federal Police

27. Bundesgrensschutz means

a. German Federal Border Guard
b. German Federal Border
c. Federal Army of External
d. Federal Army of Internal

28. The elite counter-terrorism and special operations unit of Germany is

a. Border guard Group 9 c. Grenzchutzgruppe 9
b. GSG 9 Bundespolizie d. All of the above

29. Landespolizei means

a. Security of the land b. town police c. police of the land d. state police

30. The crime using computer, an example is harassment via-email is

a. cyber crime b. human trafficking
c. cyber crimes against property d. cybercrimes against persons

31. In this mode or manner of cyber crime the hacker gains access and control over the website of
another.
a. Spider web crime b. virus worm attacks c. Trojan attacks d. web jacking

32. A transnational crime that involves an act of recruiting, transporting, transferring, harboring or
receiving a person through a use of force, coercion or other means, for the purpose of exploiting
them.
a. terrorism b. trafficking c. anti-terrorism d. human trafficking

33. A crime committed by means of interest.

a. pornography b. internet crime c. illegal viewing d. cyber crime

34. Which of the following is not one of the constituent elements of human trafficking?
a. the act b. the purpose c. the means d. the exploitation

35. Which country is not one of the most common destination for victims of human trafficking?
a. Thailand b. Disneyland c. Netherlands d. New Zealand

36. Which country is not one of the major sources of trafficked persons?
a. Albania b. Bulgaria c. Nigeria d. Australia

37. Under the Islamic law, what is punishment of a married woman who is found guilty of adultery?
a. Stoning to death
b. Convict is taken to a barren site
c. Death penalty
 d. A grave is drug to receive the body

38. In Saudi Arabia, when a person is convicted of theft for 3 rd offense he shall receive the
punishment of?
a. Amputation of hand b. amputation of legs
c. amputation of fingers d. amputation of foot at ankle

39. Who shall do the amputation of parts of body which serves as punishment in Islamic law?
a. The jail law? b. the berdugo
c. the authorized jail officer d. the authorized medical doctor

40. The process of creating the appearance that large amount of money obtained from serious
crimes, such as drug trafficking.
a. Money laundering c. human trafficking
b. Cyber crime d. money investing

41. The study and description of country’s law, criminal procedure or justice process is
a. International criminal court
b. International criminal justice
c. International criminal organization
d. International criminal tribunal

42. The German equivalent of municipal police, who handle all general aspects of law enforcement
and simple investigation is
a. shoffen b. self sur c. schutzpolizei d. shari’a

43. What is the punishment of apostasy among under the Islamic law?
a. Death by beheading
b. Imprisonment until repentance
c. 100 lashes
d. Both a and c are correct

44. How many witnesses are required in order to prove that one is guilty of adultery in Islamic law?
a. 1 b. 3 c. 2 d. 4

45. What is the punishment of rebellion it captured under the Islam law?
a. death b. death by retaliation c. imprisonment until death d. 1000 lashes

46. Chusai-san is a
a. Chinese local police c. Chinese rural police
b. Japanese local police d. Japanese rural police

47. The local police officer assigned in post in villages and rural police areas in Japan is called?
a. Kimchusan b. Chusai-san c. Kitusan d. Chuzaisho

48. The belief that social order can be achieved through moral and political reform because man is
by nature good or capable of goodness is?
a. Napoleonic though b. Dewey’s thought c. Peelan’s thought d. Confucian thought
49. Koban is a police post urban areas in Japan while Chuzaisho is?
a. Local police officers in China
b. Local police officer in Japan
c. Local police officer in Thailand
d. Local police in New Zealand

50. Gendarmerie Nationale is the French police organization operating within the Ministry of
Defense that is responsible for?
a. urban areas b. protection of gender c. rural areas d. protection of rights

51. Schupo or Schutspolize means?

a. village police b. territorial police c. municipal police d. federal police

52. The moral or religious police force in Saudi Arabia responsible for enforcing the Qur’an is?
a. Mubahith b. Mumbaki c. Mutawa d. Munaikan

53. Offenses whose inception, proportion, and or direct or indirect effects involve more than one
nation is?
a. International crime b. globalization crime c. transnational crime d. terrorism crime

54. The major anticrime campaign initiated by the communist party in China is?
a. Xianda b. Zanda c. Yanda d. Wanda

55. A type of society that has system of laws along with armies of lawyers and police who tend to
keep busy handling political crime and terrorism and a punishment.
a. Folk-communal b. urban commercial c. urban industrial d. bureaucratic

56. A type of criminal or police system where adversarial is a strong and where lawyers interpret and
judges are bound by precedent.
a. Common b. socialist c. civil d. Islamic

57. A model of police system that if the criminals are poor the government would conduct a study so
they could raise the family from poverty.
a. Ireland b. France c. Switzerland d. Thailand

58. The investigation, evaluating, and comparing the criminal justice processes of more than one
country, culture, or institution is?
a. Transnational crime
b. International crime
c. Comparative police system
d. Comparative criminal justice system

59. The package of transnational flows of people, openness to ideas and authority is?
a. Globalization universalization
b. Globalization liberalization
c. Globalization deteritorialization
d. Globalization internationalization
60. A review whereby advisory opinions rather than judgments are rendered because
constitutionality is decided without hearing an actual case that has arisen under a particular law
is?
a. Adjudicator b. adversarial c. administrative d. abstract

61. Attorneys in France are called?

a. Advocasts b. Counsel c. lawyer d. advocates

62. The religious terrorist group that supported Islam in the current Persian Gulf region during the
year 1090-1275.
a. Assasins b. Ujama c. Al-Qaida d. Yakusa

63. The effect of the drug eradication strategies such that drugs are eliminated from one region only
to have production increase in another region to meet demand is called?
a. Balloon b. UFO c. Kite d. Birds

64. Committees in England that act as an independent watchdog on the prisons, meeting with
inmates and staff to safeguard the well-being and rights of all prisoners and to help with
problems of discipline and administrations.
a. Board of Borstals c. Board of Bundesrat
b. Board of Bundestag d. Board of Visitors

65. All law that is not criminal; the body if rules that regulate behavior between individuals that do
not involve the potential of criminal sanctions (contract, torts, wills, poverty, family matters,
commercial law)
a. Common law b. community law c. commercial law d. civil law

66. The belief that social order can be achieved through moral and political reform, man is by nature
good or capable of goodness; the of group consciousness or collectivity is the main force behind
motivating people to avoid illegal or immoral activity.
a. Mao Tse Tong b. Hitleran c. Napoleonican d. Confucian

67. The illegal trading of persons across borders against their will formal financial gain is?
a. Human trafficking b. illegal recruitment c. illegal immigration d. human smuggling

68. The study and description of country’s law, criminal procedure or justice process.
a. International police
b. International criminal tribunal
c. International criminal organization
d. International criminal justice

69. The holy war by the Islamic fundamentalists who want to protect their religion from creeping
secularism and cultural imperialism posed by Western countries such as the United States is?
a. Monarch b. Italian Mafia c. Magister d. Jihad

70. A method of therapy used in Japan whereby individuals use introspection to understand the
impact of their behavior on others and others on them.
a. Mubahit b. Yugurs c. Mutawa d. Naikan
71. An individual in Socialist Law system who hears complaints andensures that government agents
are performing their functions correctly.
a. Sandigan b. Factionman c. Tribesman d. Ombudsman

72. The government structures in England consisting of the monarch, the house of Lords, and the
House of Commons is a
a. Socialist b. Federal c. Presidential d. Parliament

73. The Supreme court of Japan, divided into three separate benches of five justice, that handles all
illegal matters other than those assigned the Grand Bench, including the cases of appellate-level
jurisdiction is known as?
a. Summary b. Board of Grievances c. Kourtarok d. Petty bench

74. The French police organization within the ministry of the Interior responsible for Paris and other
urban areas.
a. Gendarmarie c. Police authority board
b. Police courts d. Police nationale

75. The process whereby the judicial or criminal fairness is perverted in order to achieve particular
political objectives.
a. Politicized justice c. political and policy
b. Political culture d. political science

76. These are lay judges in Germany used extensively in courts of appeal for minor offenses and for
first level criminal offenses.
a. Schoffen b. schupa c. schutzpolizei d. schapo

77. Military leaders who exercised absolute rule in Japan during the year of isolation from other
cultures from 1603-1897.
a. Shoguns b. shura c. shari’a d. shoiders

78. In England, professional attorneys who are paid by the state for their work are called?
a. Stipendiary magistrates b. stipendiary lords
c. state- sponsored d. sponsored attorneys

79. The terrorist beginning in seventh-century India whose reign lasted for seven centuries and
executed million of people?
a. Thugs b. Yakuza c. Diaspora d. Terrorism

80. The process whereby the judicial or criminal fairness is properly implemented in order to achieve
particular improvement and objectives is?
a. Politicized justice b. political culture c. political and policy d. ideal political mgmt.

81. In England and Wales, the chief police officer of a territorial police force may designate any
person who is employed by the police authority maintaining that force, and is under the
direction and control of that chief officer. This statement is?
a. true b. it not be understood c. false d. any of the above
82. Most police officers in England are members of?
a. Territorial police b. special police forces c. police civilians d. British police

83. These are national police forces that have a specific, non-regional jurisdiction, such as the British
Transport Police. The serious organized crime and police act 2005 refers to?
a. Special police forces
b. Miscellaneous police forces
c. Non-police law enforcement agencies
d. Wales police forces

84. Which of the following is the highest police rank in UK?

a. Chief supt. b. chief constable c. commissioner d. director

85. The police system in England and UK is?

a. centralized b. disorganized c. decentralized d. demoralized

86. To be appointed and to become a police officer in UK, one must have the age upper limit of?
a. 28 b. 32 c. 30 d. none of the above

87. There are no formal educational requirements for recruitment in England. This statement is?
a. true b. false c. high school graduate is the required d. it is 2nd year college

88. The retirement age of police officer in UK is?

a. 55 b. 57 c. 56 d. 58

89. Peoples Law Enforcement Board in the Philippines is tantamount to England as?
a. Police Authority Board c. People’s Authority Board
b. Police Commission Board d. People’s Commission Board

90. Law enforcement in United Kingdom is organized separately in each of the legal system of
England and Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland. This statement is?
a. true b. no, some are united c. false d. yes, some are separated

91. Which of the following countries that has centralized police organization?
a. Philippines b. New Zealand c. USA d. UK

92. How many divisions of police districts are present in New Zealand law enforcement?
a.12 b.14 c.13 d.15

93. The general emergency call number in New Zealand Police is 111 while the traffic call number is
a. 222 b. 444 c. 333 d. 555

94. The equivalent of Philippines Public Safety College in New Zealand is?
a. Royal New Zealand Police College
b. New Zealand Safety Police College
c. Academy New Zealand Police College
d. Public Safety New Zealand Police
 95. A recently graduated constable in NZ is considered a Probationary Constable for up to two years,
until he or she has passed ten workplace assessment standards and a compulsory university
paper. The completion of the above is known?
a. As obtaining permanent appointment
b. As obtaining temporary appointment
c. As obtaining qualifications for promotion
d. As obtaining requirement promotion

96. Must be completed swimmer is minimum requirement to become police officer in what
country?
a. New Zealand b. Australia c. England d. France

97. What country requires applicant for police to have attended a recruitment information seminar?
a. Germany b. Saudi Arabia c. Australia d. New Zealand

98. Vetting means?

a. Tenders c. to evaluate for acceptance
b. Care d. to subject to expert correction

99. The national police force responsible for enforcing criminal law, enhancing public safety,
maintains order and keeping the peace throughout New Zealand is?
a. New Zealand Army c. New Zealand Constable
b. New Zealand Marine d. New Zealand Police

100. Policing in New Zealand started in what year?

a. 1842 b. 1840 c. 1940 d. 1846

Suggested Answer

FOR TEST I FOR TEST II

1. c 26. d aoa 51. d 76. c 1. d 26. d 51. c 76. a
2. c 27. d aoa 52. a 77. a 2. d 27. a 52. c 77. a
3. c 28. a 53. a 78. b 3. a 28. d 53. c 78. a
4. b 29. a 54. d 79. c 4. d 29. d 54. c 79. a
5. b 30. d 55. d 80. 5. d 30. d 55. d 80. d
6. b 31. a 56. c 81. b 6. d 31. d 56. a 81. a
7. d 32. a 57. b 82. a 7. d 32. d 57. c 82. a
8. a 33. a 58. d 83. a 8. a 33. d 58. d 83. c
9. b 34. a 59. d 84. c 9. a 34. d 59. b 84. c
10. c 35. b 60. d 85. b 10. d 35. d 60. d 85. c
11. b 36. a 61. d 86. c 11. d 36. d 61. a 86. d
12. a 37. a 62. d 87. c 12. a 37. d 62. a 87. a
13. a 38. b 63. d 88. c 13. a 38. d 63. a 88. a
14. d 39. c 64. d 89. a 14. a 39. d 64. d 89. a
15. a 40. a 65. d 90. a 15. a 40. d 65. d 90. a
16. d 41. b 66. d 91. c 16. a 41. b 66. d 91. a
17. a 42. d 67. d 92. b 17. c 42. c 67. a 92. a
18. b 43. d 68. d 93. a 18. d 43. d 68. d 93. d
19. a 44. c 69. a 94. a 19. a 44. d 69. d 94. a
20. a 45. a 70. a 95. a 20. c 45. a 70. d 95. a
21. c 46. c 71. a 96. a 21. d 46. d 71. d 96. a
22. c 47. d 72. d 97. c 22. a 47. d 72. d 97. d
23. a 48. a 73. a 98. a 23. d 48. d 73. d 98. d
24. a 49. d 74. a 99. a 24. d 49. b 74. d 99.d
25. a 50. a 75. a 100. c 25. d 50. c 75. a 100. d

Legends : Aoa all of the above, Cons: constable Na= not applicable
Note: In case of erroneous answers, these are not international.

Test III. Enforcement Administration

Direction: Select the best answer. Letters only

1. What is the act that reorganized the Philippine National Police and amended certain provisions
of RA 6975?
a. RA 1122 b. RA 8551 c. PD 4864 d. EO 1304 e. none of the above

2. The agency relieved of the primary responsibility on matters involving the suppression of
insurgency and other serious threats to national security is?
a. Dept. of Agrarian reform
b. Dept. of Interior and Local Gov’t
c. Dept. of Civil Defense
d. Department of Health
e. Department of National Defense

3. The ex-officio member of the Commission Proper of the Napolcom is?

a. Chief, Planning and Research Service
b. Chief, PNP
c. Chairman, DILG
d. Secretary, DND
e. President

4. It provides technical services to the NAPOLCOM in areas of overall policy formulation, strategic
and operational planning management systems and procedure.
a. The legal service
b. Financial Service
c. Insp. And Log Service
d. Personal and Administration Service
e. Planning and Research Service

5. The removal of the PNP officer from the organization for cause is called?
 a. Demotion b. Promotion c. Force Resignation d. Attrition d. AWOL

6. The central receiving entity for cases involving citizen’s complaints is?
a. Napolcom
b. Internal Affairs Service
c. Chief, PNP
d. People’s Law Enforcement Board Courts
e. Regular Court

7. This was established in all police stations to administer and attend to cases involving crimes
against chastity, sexual harassment, abuses, committed against women and children and other
similar offenses.
a. Mobile group
b. Traffic section
c. Crime laboratory
d. Operations division
e. Women’s and children’s desk

8. The multiple filing of actions before different police disciplinary authorities is?
a. Res judicata
b. Preventive suspension
c. Multiplicity of suits
d. Forum shopping
e. Appeal

9. A complaint against any personnel or office of the internal affairs service shall be brought to:
a. PLEB
b. Office of mayor
c. Regional appellate board
d. Inspector General’s office
e. National appellate board

10. Any PNP personnel who has not been promoted for a continuous period of ten years shall be
retired or separated due to:
a. Attrition by relief
b. Attrition by demotion
c. Promotion
d. Attrition by other means
e. Attrition by non promotion

11. The agency attached to the DILG for policy and program coordination is?
a. Napolcom
b. Dept. of Health
c. Dept. of Finance
d. Dept. of National Defense
e. None of the above

12. The ex-officio chairperson of the Napolcom is?

 a. Chief, PNP c. secretary, DILG e. President
b. Vice Chairman and executive officer d. vice president

13. The specific provision of RA 8551 which was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme court is
a. Section 8 c. section 10 e. section 12
b. Section 9 d. section 11

14. What is the maximum tenure position of the Chief of PNP?

a. 4 years b. 5 years c. 6 years d. 7 years e. none of the above

15. In what instance or circumstance that PNP chief’s tour of duty may be extended?
a. Unavailability of successor c. war/national emergencies
b. Death of the president d. calamities

16. Any PNP member who is removed from office due to attribution but rendered at least 20 years
of service shall receive the?
a. Permanent total disability benefits
b. Death benefits
c. Retirements benefits
d. Separation benefits

17. The appellate board which shall decide cases on appeal from decision rendered by the chief, PNP
is:
a. Regional appellate board
b. National appellate board
c. Secretary of DILG
d. VCEO, Napolcom

18. The executive office of the Napolcom is the

a. Chief, IMIS
b. Chief, las
c. Vice Chairman and executive officer, Napolcom
d. Chairperson, Napolcom

19. The head of the provincial internal affair office should be?
a. A chief inspector
b. A director
c. A superintendent
d. A chief superintendent

20. The decision of the national internal affairs office shall be appealed to:
a. The regional appellate board
b. The national appellate board
c. The chairman, DILG
d. VCEO, Napolcom

21. This system observed coordination of activities among group of people, authority and
leadership, and cooperation toward a goal is called?
 a. Formal organization c. police administration
b. Information organization d. police leadership

22. The structure group of trained personnel dealt with achieving police: goal and objectives is
called:
a. Police management c. organization structure
b. Police organization d. police administration

23. The principle of organization that cites that a communication should ordinarily go upward and
downward through established channel of hierarchy is:
a. Span control b. chain of command c. unity of command d. unity of direction

24. The placement of a subordinate into the position for which his capabilities best fit him in the
police organization is:
a. Staffing b. directing c. organization d. planning

25. The staff specialist or unit in line organizations that provides service knowledge in a police
organization is called?
a. The line organization c. the functional organization
b. The line and staff organization d. the structural organization

26. In the Philippine National Police, the nature of complaint against PNP member is known as?
a. Individual complaint c. public complaint
b. Citizen’s complaint d. administrative complaint

27. The period of time that has elapse since the oath of office was administered in which previous
years active service may be included or added is called:
a. Active services b. length of services c. oath of service d. oath of office

28. The consequence of an act, which temporarily deprives an officer in the police service from
privilege of performing his duty is referred to as:
a. Dismissal b. resignation c. retirement d. suspension

29. The method of separation from the police services after completing the required age for length
of service is called:
a. Retirement b. separation c. dismissal d. suspension

30. Under R.A. 8551, the PNP shall be organized to ensure accountability and uprightness in the
police exercise of discretion as well as to achieve:
a. Reformation and rehabilitation
b. Organization and administration
c. Efficiency and effectiveness
d. None of the above

31. Team policing was originated in:

a. Japan b. Scotland c. Singapore d. Detroit
32. Team policing was intended to develop a greater sense of understanding and increasing
cooperation between members of the team and community residents. This is evidenced by one
of its characteristics which is:
a. Geographic stability of patrol force
b. Maximum interaction between team member
c. Maximum communication between team members and community residents
d. Unified delivery of police service

33. The cause and effect of team policing are the following except:
a. Reduce public fear on crime
b. Improve police community relation
c. Facilitate career dev’t
d. Decrease police morale

34. Automobile patrol was adopted in the Philippines on:

a. May 17, 1954
b. May 17, 1950
c. May 17, 1035
d. May 17, 1942

35. Television patrol was first use for traffic control in:
a. West Germany c. Boston
b. New York d. Philadelphia

36. The division of the Police organization which is considered as backbone of the organization is:
a. traffic b. investigation c. patrol d. record

37. If the industrial plan is efficient and timely with the risk cost involved the plan is said to be:
a. suitable b. feasible c. acceptable d. reliable

38. If the plan of the police organization can be carried out with the available resources and with in
the capability of the police unit, the plan is considered?
a. suitable b. feasible c. acceptable d. reliable

39. The procedure involved on activity of several offices within the department is called:
a. offices procedure b. field procedure
c. headquarter procedure d. special operating procedure

40. The procedures which applicable to routine operations should be outlined for the guidance of
officers in the field are called:
a. field procedures c. office procedures
b. Tactical plans d. operational plans

41. Plan that works programs of the line units as established by an analysis of the need for services
is known as:
a. field procedure c. headquarters procedure
b. tactical plan d. operational plan
42. The plan made to organize agencies and individual group for cooperative effort with the police
department is called:
a. tactical plan c. extra department plan
b. management plan d. field procedure

43. The type of plan that involves the preparation and development of techniques that assist in the
accomplishment of each of the primary police task is called:
a. field procedure c. tactical plan
b. policy plan d. operational plan

44. The basic plan of the department which define relationship between the component unit in
terms of specific responsibilities is called:
a. organization plan c. management plan
b. policy plan d. personnel plan

45. This consist of procedures by which PNP personnel are rectitude, utilized and treated in their
employment is under:
a. policy plan c. operational plan
b. tactical plan d. management plan

46. The procedure which involved the duties of dispatcher, jailer, matron and other personnel
concerned which reflected in the duty manual is:
a. Office procedure
b. Headquarter procedure
c. Special operating procedure
d. Field procedure

47. It is an account consisting of biographical which when adopted by an individual will assume the
personality he wants to adopt. This is referred to us:
a. cover story c. organization cover
b. cover story d. undercover assignment

48. The type of cover using actual or true background is called:

a. natural cover c. cover with in a cover
b. artificial cover d. multiple cover

49. In the elicitation process, the elicitor accumulates the sources of knowledge about a particular
subject. This elicitation approach is called:
a. Manhattan from Missouri approach
b. Reaser blow approach
c. Joe blow approach
d. National pride approach

50. Informants that are not under compulsion to report information to the police are considered as:
a. Spontaneous enforcement
b. Ordinary – out-of-the- will informants
c. Criminal informants
d. Confidential informants
51. A kind of probe in intelligence that service to pin down a subject in a specific area is called:
a. High pressure probe
b. Clarity probe
c. Competition probe
d. Hypothetical probe

52. The method of casing which may be not be sufficient to produce a certain amount of usable
information is known as:
a. Map reconnaissance
b. Personal reconnaissance
c. Hearsay
d. Prior information

53. A person who conducts surveillance which includes only observation is considered as:
a. surveillance b. decoy c. convoy d. contract

54. The secret observation of a person, object or situation is called:

a. tailing b. shadowing c. stakeout d. surveillance

55. A person whom a subject of surveillance picks or deal while he is under observation is called:
a. undercover man c. contact
b. convoy d. decoy

56. A person who casually imparts information to an officer without intension of providing
subsequent information is:
a. Spontaneous informant
b. Special informant
c. Incidence informant
d. Voluntary informant

57. A type of negative control in intelligence operation which include verbal reprimand.
a. threat control c. black mail
b. escrow account control d. disciplinary action

58. In intelligence operation, one of the following consist the psychological process involved in
becoming aware of an existence of fact
a. Perception c. Attention
b. Report d. Mental capability

59. The sincere and valid offer of help and assistance to a subject of elicitation is known as
a. Teacher-pupil approach
b. Good Samaritan approach
c. Kindred soul approach
d. Partial disagreement approach

60. What is the minimum age qualification of a person in order to quality as a security guard or
private detective?
 a. 21 years old b. 18 years old c. 20 years old d. 25 years old

61. What is the minimum number of active personnel of a security agency in order to issued a
regular license to operate?
a. 100 guards b. 200 guards c. 300 guards d. 150 guards

62. How many years is the duration of the temporary license to operate be issued to a new applicant
of a new private security agency?
a. six months b. one year c. two years d. five months

63. How many years is the duration of a regular license to operate duly issued to a private security
agency?
a. one year b. two years c. six months d. three years

64. What is the minimum number of guards in order that a private security agency will be issued a
regular license to operate?
a. 30 guards b. 200 guards c. 100 guards d. 150 guards

65. How many guards is the minimum requirement in order that a company security force will be
issued regular license to operate?
a. 30 guards b. 100 guards c. 150 guards d. 200 guards

66. How many guards is the minimum requirement in order to establish and maintain branch offices
in other provinces or cities?
a. 10 guards b. 15 guards c. 30 guards d. 50 guards

67. What kind of security or unit where the number of security personnel is not specified as part of
the organizational requirement?
a. Government security unit
b. Private detective agency
c. Company guard force
d. Private security agency

68. What kind of authority or order be issued to a security guard on duty while escorting big amount
of cash valuables outside its jurisdiction or area of operation?
a. Duty details order issued by the security directory concerned
b. Mission order issued by the nearest PNP station
c. Memorandum order issued by the PNP regional directory
d. Mission-order issued by the chief PNP

69. What is the total number of the prescribed high-powered firearms that a private security
agency/company guard forces is authorized to posses?
a. Ten percent of the total number of guards employed by the security agency concerned.
b. Five percent of the total number of firearms already possessed by the security agency
concerned.
c. Two percent of the total number of guards employed by the agency concerned.
d. Unlimited number provided the security agency can afford the required high-powered
firearms.
70. How many loads of ammunitions an individual security guard is authorized to carry while in the
performance of duty?
a. 6 loads b. 10 loads c. 15 loads d. 25 loads

71. Previously, the highest rank of a security officer under the new implementing rules and
regulations is:
a. Security director general c. executive manager
b. Security manager d. security director

72. A security is not a peace officer; hence he is not cloth with police authority. What circumstances
where a security guard can legally effect arrest?
a. When the person to be arrested has committed, is actually committing, or about to commit
an offense in his presence.
b. When an offense has in fact been committed, and he has reasonable ground to believed that
the person to be arrested has committed it.
c. When the person to be arrested is an escape from prison.
d. All of the above

73. Previously, the duration of a pre-licensing training of security guards is 1974 hours, but under
the revised implementing rules and regulation of RA 5487, the duration is now:
a. 48 hrs b. 58 hrs c. 100 hrs d. 150 hrs

74. Who has the power to deputize any security to assist the PNP in the performance of the its
duties in times of disaster or calamity?
a. Chief PNP b. DILG Secretary c. The President d. Municipal/City Mayor Concerned

75. What is the maximum number of guards that a private security agency can employ including its
branches?
a. 1000 guards b. 500 guards c. 1500 guards d. 2000 guards

76. The highest type of awards that a security guard receives for outstanding achievement during
the performance of his duties or while serving in the agency and the exercise of profession is:
a. Medalyang Kagitingan
b. Medalyang Katapatan sa Paglilingkod
c. Medalya ng Kaatapangan
d. Medalya ng Kadakilaan

77. The authorize headgear of a security guard while on duty is

a. Pershing cap
b. Jacky cap
c. Blue beret cap
d. Overseas cap

78. The new requirement for the renewal of license to exercise profession by security personnel is?
a. drug test b. NBI clearance c. SSS clearance d. BIR clearance
79. What is broadest type of security organization?
a. physical security b. crisis security c. VIP security d. communication security
80. What is the key element in the security system of plant or installation?
a. human guard
b. protective alarm devices
c. natural barriers
d. key control system

81. Any act or condition which may result in the compromise of information, loss of life, loss or
destruction of property or disruption of the objective of the installation is:
a. security hazard c. espionage
b. saboteurs d. relative criticality

82. it is the susceptibility of the plant or establishment to damage, loss or disruption of operation
due to various hazards.
a. Relative vulnerability c. natural hazards
b. Relative criticality d. man-made hazards

83. Hazards that are caused by earthquakes, volcanic, eruption, storms and extreme temperature
and humidity are example of:
a. natural hazard c. God-made hazards
b. man-made hazards d. Evolution of the earth hazards

84. This is the kind of pilferer who steal due to his inability to resist the unexpected opportunity and
has little fear by detection
a. Casual pilferer c. habitual pilferer
b. Systematic pilferer d. opportunist pilferer

85. A person who steals with preconceived plans and takes away any or all types of items or supplies
for economic gain is
a. systematic pilferer c. kleptomaniac person
b. casual pilferer d. habitual pilferer

86. What kind of barriers are structural constructions like fences, walls, floors, roofs, grills, bars,
road blocks or other physical means to deter or impede penetration?
a. man made barriers c. structural barriers
b. natural barriers d. natural-man made barriers

87. What do you call barriers like mountains, cliffs, canyons, rivers, sears, marshes or terrains that
are difficult to traverse?
a. natural barriers c. God-made barriers
b. man-made barriers d. Geographical barriers

88. What system control panel or console operator by immediately informing through other
communication channel the local police and other law enforcement agencies the fire
department or other appropriate agencies, this is called:
a. Central station system
b. Proprietary system
c. Auxiliary system
 d. Local alarm system

89. When the system consists of rigging up visual or audible alarm near the object to the protected
and in cause of alarm, the response will be made by the local guards and other personnel within
sight or hearing, this system called:
a. Local alarm system
b. Auxiliary system
c. Proprietary system
d. Central station system

90. In the choice of eventual installation of an alarm system for specific need, what factors must be
considered?
a. Natural and criticality of the area or installation
b. Vulnerability and accessibility of the premises or area
c. Location construction and types of buildings
d. All of the above

91. One of these physical safeguards is used to assist security but not a replacement in the
protection of assets and lives in an installation
a. Alarm devices
b. Natural barriers
c. Man-made protective barriers
d. Perimeter barriers

92. This is a place an individual installation where a security agency will establish its personnel
identification and checking system.
a. A control point
b. Detachment headquarters
c. Guardhouse
d. Branch office

93. It is complete study and analysis of the business operation, its properties, personnel and
installation to determine the adequacy and/or deficiency of existing safeguards.
a. Security survey
b. Inspection
c. Security planning
d. Security management

94. Which if the following composed the PNP?

a. Member of the INP
b. Members of the PC
c. NAPOLCOM and CIS
d. All of them

95. Under the general qualification for appointment in the PNP, male applicant must be with a
height of atleast?
a. 1.62 m b. 1.64 m c. 1.57 m d. 1.54 m
 96. What is the rank of the chief of directorial staff?
a. Deputy director b. police director
c. police chief superintendent d. police senior superintendent

97. It is known as the Police Act of 1966.

a. R.A. 6975 b. R.A. 8551 c. P.D. 765 d. R.A. 4864

98. The kind of promotion granted to a candidate who meets all the basic qualification for
promotion is:
a. special b. meritorious c. regular d. ordinary

99. What is the nature of appointment of PNP personnel under the waiver program?
a. permanent b. temporary c. contractual d. probationary

100. The number 4 man in the PNP Organization is

a. Dep. Dir. Gen for Opns.
b. Dep. Dir. For Admins.
c. The Chief Directorial Staff
d. Regional Dir. Of the NCR

101. Intelligence reports classified as A-2 means

a. The information comes from a completely reliable source and is doubtfully true
b. The information comes from a completely reliable source and is probably true
c. The information comes from a usually reliable source and is probably true
d. The information comes from a usually reliable source and is possibly true

Suggested answer for Test III/LEA exam

1. b 26. b 51. a 76. a

2. b 27. b 52. c 77. a
3. b 28. d 53. a 78. a
4. e 29. a 54. d 79. a
5. d 30. c 55. c 80. a
6. e 31. b 56. c 81. a
7. e 32. c 57. d 82. a
8. d 33. d 58. a 83. a
9. d 34. a 59. b 84. a
10. e 35. a 60. b 85. a
11. a 36. c 61. b 86. a
12. c 37. d 62. a 87. a
13. a 38. c 63. b 88. a
14. a 39.c 64. b 89. a
15. c 40. a 65. a 90. d
16. c 41. d 66. a 91. a
17. b 42. c 67. c 92. a
18. c 43. b 68. a 93. a
19. c 44. b 69. a 94. d
20. b 45. d 70. d 95. a
21. a 46. b 71. d 96. a
22. b 47. a 72. d 97. d
23. b 48. a 73. d 98. c
24. a 49. a 74. a 99. b
25. c 50. b 75. a 100. c 101.b

Previous questions on the board examination on Cooperative Police System

1. What is the equivalent of police officer I in the Philippines in Cambodian law enforcement?
2. The Police officer I in rank in the Philippines is in Indonesia police.
3. The counterpart of the Department of Interior and Local Government in the Philippines is
in Australia.
4. if the police retirement age in the Philippines is 56, in Japan it is .
5. The main law enforcement in the Philippines is the Philippines National Police while Japan it is
.
6. What is the equivalent of PNP Police Community Relation to that of Singapore police?
7. What is the equivalent of NAPOLCOM in Japan Law enforcement?
8. What is the most common form of Koban transportation?
9. The first work line defence in police Japan is
10. What is the highest rank in the Royal Malaysian Police?
Test IV: Law Enforcement Administration

Directions: Select the best answers: Letters only

This examination was retrieve from the file of Professor Benjamin O. Dulipas. There are no suggested
answers provided.

1. He exercises the power to revoke for cause the licenses issued to the security guards.
a. Chief, PNP
b. Under secretary for peace and order
c. Secretary of DILG
d. Chairman, NAPOLCOM

2. In counter intelligence, surveillance is categorized according to intensity and sensitivity. When there
is a intermittent observation varying in occasions, then this surveillance is called:
a. loose b. open c. discreet d. close

3. The amount and nature of demands of the police service are not the same on all of the three (3)
shifts. It is therefore necessary to make available maximum manpower at the same police service is
of greatest demand. This organization is
a. cliente b. purpose c. time d. process

4. The PNP has a program which ensures the deployment of policemen in busy and crime prone areas.
This is called:
a. patrol deployment b. roving patrol c. patrol and visibility d. police visibility

5. Planning is the formal process of choosing the following, EXCEPT one:

a. Purpose for which the organization performs
b. An organizational mission and overall objectives for both the short run and the long run
c. Strategies to achieve the objectives
d. Division, departmental, and individual objectives based on organization objectives.

6. All regional appointment of commissioned officers commence with the rank of:
a. Senior Police Officer I c. Police Officer III
b. Inspector d. Senior inspector

7. In busy and thickly populated commercial streets like those in Divisoria, police patrol is very
necessary. Which of the following types of patrol will you recommend?
a. horse b. mobile c. foot d. helicopter

8. it is the product resulting from the collection, evaluation, analysis, integration, and interpretation of
all available information which concerns one or more aspects of criminal activity and which is
immediately or potentially significant to police planning:
a. investigation b. information c. data d. intelligence

9. These are work programs of line division which related to the nature and extent of the workload and
the availability of resources.
a. administrative plan b. operational plan c. strategic plan d. tactical plan
10. It is the premier educational institution for the police, fire and jail personnel:
a. Philippine Military Academy (PMA)
b. Development Academy of the Philippines
c. Philippine College of Criminology (PCCR)
d. Philippine Public Safety College (PPSC)

11. A screw who is assigned of a mobile car usually consists of a

a. A driver and intelligence agent
b. A driver and traffic man
c. A driver and a recorder
d. A driver, a recorder and supervisor

12. Police officers must develop the of recording the facts as they are learned and the
evidences as they are obtained.
a. obligation b. habit c. perspective d. duty

13. An industrial complex must establish its first line of physical defense. It must have:
a. the building itself b. perimeter barrier c. communication barrier d. window barrier

14. All of the following are members of the People’s Law Enforcement Board (PLEB), EXCEPT:
a. Three (3) members chosen by the Peace and Order Council from among the respected members
of the community.
b. Any barangay Captain of the city/municipality concerned chosen by the association of the
Barangay Captains.
c. Any member of the Sangguniang Panglunsod/Pambayan.
d. A bar member chosen by the integrated bar of the Philippines (IBP).

15. It is a circumspect inspection of place to determine its suitability for a particular operation.
a. Inspection b. surveillance c. survey d. casing

16. In the civil service system, merit and fitness are the primary consideration in the
a. two-party system b. evaluation system c. promotion system d. spoils system

17. The minimum age requirement for security manager or operator of a security agency is:
a. 40 years old b. 30 years old c. 25 years old d. 35 years old

18. Which of these statements is correct?

a. Conduction is heat transfer through combustion
b. Conduction is heat transfer through solid materials.
c. Conduction is heat transfer through air motion.
d. Conduction is heat transfer through electromagnetic waves.

19. Which of the following questions should be asked to an intelligent during the debriefing?
a. His education profile and school attended
b. His personal circumstances such as his age, religious affiliation, address, etc.
c. His political inclination and/or party affiliation.
d. His observation and experiences in the intelligence function
20. Private security agencies have to registered at the :
a. Security and exchange commission
b. Department of interior and local government
c. National police commission
d. National bureau of investigation

21. It is a natural, man-made or physical device which is capable of restricting, deterring or delaying
illegal access to an installation.
a. fence b. wall c. barrier d. hazard

22. it provides means and ways by which all personnel and employees are trained to make them security
conscious and disciplined.
a. Security check b. security education c. security investigation d. security promotion

23. This is a single uninterrupted line of authority often represented by boxes and lines of an
organizational chart which should flow in order by rank from top command to the level of the
organization.
a. Organization control c. scalar chain
b. Administrative control d. span of control

24. What form of intelligence is involved when information is obtained without the knowledge of the
person against whom the information or documents may be used, or if the information is
clandestinely acquired?
a. covert b. overt c. active d. underground

25. The provincial governor shall choose a provincial director from a list of eligible the
same province, city or municipality and a recomendee of the PNP director.
a. six (6) b. three (3) c. five (5) d. four (4)

26. Which of the following is the most important characteristic of a good operation plan?
a. Only one officer is responsible for its execution.
b. A need for on-the-operation modification or amplification is minimized.
c. It presents objective and allocation of resources but not the methodology.
d. All details of the plan are properly indentified and evaluated and such details are known by
implementers.

27. Your fire station received a call that Department store “A” is burning. Considering the huge facility
and merchandise of the said department store, there is a need to:
a. Study the problem in advance and formulate methods of attack.
b. Wait for further information about the progress of the incident.
c. Proceed to the area and start putting off the fire.
d. Organize a committee to direct firefighting.

28. Republic Act 6975 provides that the ratio of the police manning the population is:
a. One (1) policeman for every seven hundred (700) inhabitants
b. One (1) policeman for every one thousand five hundred (1500) inhabitants
c. One (1) policeman for every five hundred inhabitants
d. One (1) policeman for every one thousand (1000) inhabitants
29. In disaster control operations, there is a need to establish a where telephones or any
means of communication.
a. command post b. operation center c. field room d. safe house

30. Registration of security agency must be done at the:

a. Securities and exchange commission
b. National Police Commission
c. Department of National Defense
d. PNP Criminal Investigation Group

31. Bicycle patrol has the combined advantage of since they can be operated very quietly
and without attracting attention.
a. Reduced speed and greater area are covered
b. Mobility and wide area coverage
c. Shorter travel time and faster response
d. Mobility and stealth

32. The budget is a in terms of expenditures requirements.

a. tactical plan b. financial plan c. work plan d. control

33. The term used for the object of surveillance is subject while the terms for the investigator
conducting the surveillance is:
a. rabbit b. surveillant c. decoy d. target

34. It is the police function which serves as the backbone of the police service. In all types of police
stations, there is a specific unit assigned to undertake this function in view of its importance.
a. vice control b. criminal investigation c. traffic enforcement d. patrol

35. Two or more persons forming an organization must indentify first the reason for establishing such
organization. The reason is termed as:
a. strategy b. vision c. mission d. objective

36. Which of the following statement is FALSE?

a. Patrol officers are assigned to the New Cops on the block.
b. Foot patrols places the patrol officers to greater danger than mobile patrol.
c. Helicopter patrol is less than foot patrol.
d. The PNP employ foot patrol

37. It is the weakest link in the security chain.

a. managers b. barriers c. personnel d. inspections

38. It is the protection of high ranking officials from harm, kidnapping and similar acts.
a. asset protection c. physical security
b. document security d. VIP security

39. This is designed to outline a series of related operations to accomplish a common objective normally
within a given time and space.
a. contingent plan b. strategic plan c. supporting plan d. campaign plan
40. Which of the following is a logical chronological step to do first?
a. Forecast of workload
b. Find out how much money was given last year
c. Establish a priority for each task or activity
d. Take no monitoring of present equipment

41. Which of the statement below is TRUE?

a. In a small police station, the need for a full-time records officer is justifiable
b. As the police station increase its size and so with routine desk duties and records task to the
extent that the desk officer and records task to the extent that the desk officer cannot handle
them alone.
c. Police records are not that important in police administration.
d. In large departments, the desk officer devote full-time exclusively to record tasks.

42. A police station should have a which includes every step outlined to be officially adopted as
the standard method of action the police organization.
a. tactical plan b. procedural plan c. management plan d. operational plan

43. Which of the following is considered as the most important factor in formulating an effective patrol
strategy?
a. Training of station commander.
b. Adequacy of resources of the police station
c. Rank of the patrol commander
d. Salary rates of the police personnel

44. Who among the following has the summary disciplinary powers over errant police members?
a. District Director b. Provincial Director c. Chief of Police d. Chief, PNP

45. The direction that is provided on a one-on-one basis is called?

a. Administration b. management c. supervision d. organization

46. You are the patrol supervisor for the morning shift but you don’t have enough men to cover all the
patrol beats. Which of the following will you implement them?
a. Assign roving mobile patrol with no foot patrol.
b. Assign mobile patrols only in strategic places.
c. Maintain your patrolmen at the station and just wait for calls for police assistance.
d. Assign foot patrol in congested and busy patrol beats but assign also mobile patrol to other beats
which are not covered by foot patrol.

47. This plan relates to the problems of equipping, staffing and preparing the police station to do the job
rather the actual operation of the organization.
a. management plan c. procedural plan
b. tactical plan d. operational plan

48. The importance of the firm or installation in relation to national security is termed as:
a. relative necessity b. relative security c. relative vulnerability d. relative criticality
49. In understanding a long range program directed towards implication of the police records, the first
step should be a study of
a. Mechanics in which the current records system operates
b. Utilization of existing record system
c. Administrative structure of the organization
d. Records systems of similar organization

50. These procedures relate to the assignment and method of performance of police tasks away from
headquarters.
a. Field procedures c. staff procedures
b. Headquarter procedures d. system procedures

51. The Father of organized military espionage is:

a. Akbar b. Alexander the Great c. Genghis Khan d. Frederick the Great

52. It is the degree of difference that exists among the structures, tasks and managerial orientations of
various departments.
a. decentralization b. integration c. centralization d. differentiation

53. If a high wind has an extinguished effect on a fire, the most probable extinguishing method to be
employed is:
a. smothering b. cooling c. fuel removal d. dilution

54. Listed below are all types of patrol, EXCEPT one:

a. horse patrol b. foot patrol c. T.V. patrol d. motorcycle patrol

55. Upon arrival at his assigned beat, the patrol office must immediately report t to the:
a. desk officer b. commander c. Unit supervisor d. sector supervisor

56. Which of the following is the most common reason for an informer to give information to the police?
a. To be known to the police
b. To receive a monetary reward
c. To be a good citizen
d. To revenge

57. In surveillance, the following are done to alter the appearance of the surveillance vehicle, EXCEPY
one:
a. Changing license plates of surveillance vehicle
b. Putting on and removing hats, coats and sunglasses
c. Change of seating arrangement within the surveillance vehicle
d. Keeping three cars behind the subject car

58. To improve delegation, the following must be done, EXCEPT one:

a. Establish objectives and standards
b. Count the number of supervisors
c. Require complete work
d. Define authority and responsibility
59. Fredrick the Great is known as the:
 a. A Father of Military Espionage
b. Intelligence Father
c. Great Intelligence Officer
d. Father of Criminology

60. Police personnel may be effectively distributed according to any of the following classifications
EXCEPT one:
a. by time b. by area c. by function d. by supervision

61. Protective lighting, perimeter barriers and system are known in industrial security as
forms of physical security.
a. relieving b. accounting c. reporting d. guarding

62. What administrative support unit conducts identification and evaluation of physical evidences
related to crimes, with emphasis on their medical, chemical, biological and physical nature?
a. logistics service b. crime laboratory
c. communication and electronics service d. finance center

63. Those who are charged with the actual fulfillment of the agency’s mission are
personnel.
a. staff b. supervision c. management d. line

64. Which of the following is contained in the heading of an intelligence report?

a. reporting unit c. signature of the director of operation
b. conclusion d. assessment of the operation

65. Licenses of the private security guards are processed and issued by the:
a. Philippine National Police
b. National Police Commission
c. Department of Interior and Local Government
d. Security and Exchange Commission

66. When the subject indentifies or obtains knowledge that the investigator is conducting a surveillance
on him, the latter is:
a. cut out b. sold out c. burnt out d. get out

67. a fire hydrant should be carefully opened when in use in order to:
a. prevent water runner
b. ensure that the drip valve is all the way close
c. close the coupling
d. reduce vibration of the hydrant

68. small alleys like those in the squatters are of Tondo can be best penetrated by the police through
a. foot patrol b. mobile patrol c. highway patrol d. helicopter patrol

69. Some of the instruction in foot surveillance are the following: EXCEPT one
a. Stop quickly and look behind
b. Drop paper and nevermind what happens to it
 c. Window shop and watch reflection
d. Retrace steps

70. On many occasions, the bulk of the most valuable information comes from the:
a. Business world can c. underworld informant
b. Newspaper clipping d. communication media

71. Highly qualified applicants such as engineers, nurses and graduates of forensic sciences can enter the
police service as officers through the:
a. regular promotion b. commission c. lateral entry d. attrition

72. The first step a dispatcher must take when a felony-in-progress call has been received either by
telephone or by a direct alarm signal is to:
a. Assign an investigator to investigate the witnesses
b. Clear the air for emergency broadcast
c. Call for investigators to report to the crime scene
d. Send augmentation force

73. The number of subordinates that can be supervised directly by one person tends to:
a. Increase as the physical distance between supervisor and subordinate, as well as between
individual subordinate increases.
b. Decrease with an increase in the knowledge and experience of the subordinates increase in
difficulty and complexity.
c. Decrease as the duties of the subordinates increase in difficulty and complexity.
d. Increase as the level of supervision progresses for the first line supervisory level to the
management level.

74. Police inspector Juan Dela Cruz is the Chief of Police of a municipality. He wants his subordinates to
be drawn closer to the people in the different barangay. Which of the following project can he adopt
then?
a. COPS on the blocks c. long-term plan
b. Oplan Bakal d. Complan Pagbabago

75. A plan with a time horizon of 5 to 10 years is called:

a. annual plan b. strategic plan c. long-term plan d. mid-term plan

76. What should be undertaken by a security officer before he can prepare a comprehensive security
program for his industrial plan?
a. security conference b. security check c. security survey d. security education

77. This patrol method utilizes disguise, deception and lying in wait rather high-visibility patrol
techniques.
a. Low-visibility patrol
b. Directed deterrent patrol
c. Decoy patrol
d. High-visibility
78. It enforces all traffic laws and regulations to ensure the safety of motorists and pedestrians and to
attain an orderly traffic.
 a. Civil relations unit c. traffic management command
b. Traffic operation center d. aviation security command

79. This is a method of collecting information wherein the investigator merely uses his different senses.
a. observation b. casing c. research d. interrogation

80. In cutting a roof to ventilate, the fire fighter should avoid:

a. Cutting a very large hole
b. Cutting small several holes
c. Cutting roof boards near the beam
d. Making roof boards near the beam

81. Plans can be changed to meet future requirements which where not considered during the planning
stages. This indicates in planning.
a. responsiveness b. flexibility c. efficiency d. effectiveness

82. In stationary surveillance, the following must be observed, EXCEPT one:

a. never meet the subject face to face
b. avoid eye contact
c. recognize fellow agent
d. if burnt out, drop subject

83. Pedro is a thief who is eyeing at the handbag of Maria. POI Santos Reyes is standing a few meters
from Maria. The thief’s desire to steal is not diminished by the presence of the police officer but the
for a successful theft was.
a. ambition b. feeling c. intention d. opportunity

84. In intelligence evaluation, the rating of A4 means:

a. Completely reliable source-doubtfully true information
b. Usually reliable source-probably true information
c. Fairly reliable source –probably true information
d. Usually reliable source-probably true information

85. Special anti-crime squad, should be used during the normal times to intensity patrol in crime-prone
areas and it should be restricted to and be given missions to accomplish.
a. an area corresponding to two (2) beats
b. any area in the barangay
c. specific areas
d. general patrol areas

86. It includes every procedure that has been outline and officially adopted as the standard method of
action in the police organization.
a. progress plan b. procedural plan c. operational plan d. tactical plan

87. A peace and order council is organized in every city/municipality by virtue of:
a. Executive order 386 c. executive order 1012
b. Executive order 309 d. presidential decree
88. Graduates of the Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA) are automatically appointed to the rank
of:
a. Senior superintendent c. senior police officer I
b. Inspector d. superintendent

89. PNP in-service training program are under the responsibility of the:
a. PNP Directorate for Plan
b. PNP Directorate for Human Resource and Doctrine Development
c. PNP Directorate for Personnel and Records Management
d. PNP Directorate for Comptrollership

90. A plan of coping up an attack against buildings equipped with alarm system in an example of:
a. Extra-departmental plan c. procedural plan
b. Management plan d. tactical plan

91. The random and unpredictable character of patrol, cultivation of the feeling of police omnipresence,
high hazard areas, adequacy of the number of men to meet the need, likelihood of criminal of the
number of men to meet the need, likelihood of criminal apprehension, and safety of patrol officers
determines:
a. Patrol coverage and deployment
b. Degree of police community relation
c. Type of weapons to be used
d. Deployment of intelligence agents

92. Before the objectives of a plan can be formulated, the following must be recognized first except one:
a. The resources are necessary to carry out the plan
b. The person to implement the plan
c. The time to implement the plan
d. The need to plan

93. One way of extending the power of police observation is to get information from persons within the
vicinity. In police work, this is called:
a. data gathering c. interrogation
b. field inquiry d. interview

94. The presence of a uniformed patrol officer deters the desire and destroy the for one to
commit a crime.
a. opportunity b. intention c. need d. ambition

95. Dog have an acute sense of thus, the utilized to tracking down lost persons or illegal
drugs.
a. smell b. hearing c. eating d. drinking

96. Which of the these statements are TRUE?

a. Radiation is heat transfer through combustion.
b. Radiation is heat transfer through solid materials.
c. Radiation is heat transfer through air motion.
d. Radiation is heat transfer by electromagnetic wave.
97. Which cause the greatest number of fires?
a. spontaneous ignition c. electrical wiring
b. leaking gaps pipes d. smoking and matches

98. Intelligence makes heavy use of geographic information because law enforcement officials
must know exact locations to interdict the flow of drugs.
a. logistic b. human cargo trafficking c. narcotics trafficking d. economic resources

99. Which of the following means is most ideally suited for evacuation and search-and-rescue
operations?
a. motorcycle b. helicopter c. patrol car d. bicycle

100. This is a method of collecting of information wherein the investigation tails or follows the person or
vehicle.
a. research b. undercover operation c. casing d. surveillance
 Chapter III

Comparative Police in Matrix

This chapter presents a matrix of highest to lowest ranks of police in Asian Countries.

Country Police Force Department Highest Rank Lowest Rank

Afghanistan Afghanista Ministry of the Police General 2nd Patrolman

National Police Interior
(ANP)
Armenia Police of the Ministry of Police Colonel Junior Sergeant
Republic of Defense General
Armenia
Azerbaijan National Police of Ministry of Unavailable unavailable
the Republic of Internal Affairs
Azerbaijan
Bahrain Bahrain National Ministry of Interior Unavailable Unavailable
Police
Bangladesh Bangladesh Police Ministry of Home Inspector General Constable
Affairs of Police (IGP)
Butan Royal Bhutan Ministry of Home Gagpeon (Chief of Gagpa
Police (RBP) and Cultural Police)
Affairs
Brunei Royal Brunei Home Affairs Unavailable Constable
Police Force Ministry
Burma Burma National Ministry of Home Unavailable Unavailable
Police Affairs
Cambodia Cambodian Police Ministry of Brigadier General Officer Cadet
Force Internal Affairs
People’s Republic People’s Armed Ministry of Public Commissioner Constable 2nd Class
of Security General
China Police Force

Cyprus Cyprus Police Ministry of Justice Chief of Police Constable

Force
East Timor National Police of Ministry of Unavailable Unavailable
East Timor (Timor- Internal Affairs
Leste)
Georgia Georgian National Department of Commissioner of Constable
Police Public Safety Police
Hongkong Hongkong Police Operations and Commissioner of COnstable
Force Support Police
India Indian Police Ministry of Commissioner Police
Service Internal Affairs
Indonesia Indonesian Ministry of Police General Second
National Police Internal Affairs Bhayangkar
Iran Iranian National Ministry of Interior Unavailable Unavailable
Police and Justice
Iran Iraqi Police Service Ministry of Interior Chief of Police Patrolman

Israel Israeli Police Force Ministry of Commissioner Constable

Internal Security
Japan National Police National Public Commissioner Police Officer
Agency Safety Commission General
Jordan Public Security Public Security Unavailable Unavailable
Force Directorate of the
Ministry of Interior
Kazakhstan National Police of National Security Procurator Ryadovoy
Kazakhstan Committee of General
Ministry of
Internal Affairs
North Korea National Police Ministry of Public DaeWon (Grand Chonsa (Private)
Agency Security Marshal)
South Korea Korea National Ministry of Commissioner Police Officer
Police Agency Government General
(KNPA) Administration
and Home Affairs
Kuwait Kuwait National Ministry of Lieutenant Constable
Police Internal Affairs General
Kyrgyzstan Kyrgztan Police Ministry of Interior General Police Officer

Laos Laos National Ministry of Public General Constable

Police Security
Lebanon International Ministry of Interior Director General Gendarme
Security Forces
Macau Macau National Ministry of Superintendent Guard
Police Force Internal Affairs
Malaysia Royal Malaysian Ministry of Home Inspector General Constable
police Affairs of Police (IGP)
Maldives Maldives National Security Commissioner of Lance Constable
and Defense Police
Branch
Mongolia Mongolia Public Ministry of Justice General Private
Security Force and Home Affairs
Myanmar Myanmar Police Ministry of Home Police Major Private
Force Affairs General
Nepal Nepal Police Force Ministry of Home Inspector General Constable
Affairs
Oman Royal Oman Police Ministry of Interior Lieutenant Conscript
General
Pakistan Pakistan Police Ministry of Interior Inspector General Constable
Force
Papua New Guinea Royal Papua New Unavailable Commissioner of Kiap (patrol
 Guinea police officer)
Constabulary
Philippines Philippine National Department of Director General Police Officer I
Police (PNP) Interior and Local
Government
Qatar Qatar National Ministry of Interior Unavailable Shurti
Police
Russia Militsiya Ministry of Police Colonel Police Cadet
Internal Affairs
Saudi Arabia Department of Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable
Security
Singapore Singapore Police Ministry of Commissioner of Police Constable
Force Internal Affairs Police
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Police Defense Ministry Inspector General Police Constable
Service of Police Class 4
Syria Syria Public Ministry of Interior Director General Police Private
Security Police
Republic of China National Police Ministry of Interior Police Supervisor Police Rank 4
(Taiwan) Agency General
Thailand Royal Thai Police Ministry of Interior Police General Constable
Force
Turkey Turkish Police Ministry of Director General Police Officer
(General Internal Affairs
Directorate of
Security)
Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Ministry of State Unavailable Unavailable
National Police Security
Force
Dubai (UAE) National Police Ministry of Interior General Unavailable
Forces (VP Pres., and Commander
Prime Minister of
UAE)
Uzbekistan Uzbekistani Police Ministry of Interior Director General Constable
Force (Militia)
Vietnam Peoples Police of Ministry of Public General Unavailable
Vietnam Security
Yemen Yemen National Ministry of Interior Unavailable Unavailable
Police Force
 Chapter IV

Police Ranks

This chapter contains and present the list of police ranks from highest to lowest. This was
included to gain appreciation on the structures of police ranks in various countries. To view the complete
list please refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/police_rank.

Australia Belgium

Commissioned Ranks Highest commissioned rank

Deputy Commissioner Hoodfcommiosaris/commisaire
Assistant Commissioner Divisionnaire (Chief Commissionaire)
Commander Commissioned rank
Superintendent Commissaris/Commisaire
Inspector (Commissioner)
Senior Non-Commissioned Ranks Senior non commissioned rank
Senior Sergeant Hoofdinspectuear/inspecteur
Sergeant Principal (chief
Non Commissioned Ranks Inspector/superintendent)
Senior Constable Non commissioned rank
Constable Inspecteur/inspecteur (Inspector,
Probationary constable Equivalent to constable or officer)
Recruit Auxiliary rank
Each state has their own distinc Agent van politie/agent de police
t rank structure (auxiliary officer)
Braizil Canada

Coronel (colonel) Ranks of the royal Canadian

Tenente-coronel (lieutenant – Mounted Police
Colonel Commissioner
Major (major) Deputy Commissioner
Capitao (captain) Assistant Commissioner
1st tenente (1st lieutenant) Chief Superintendent
2nd tenente (2nd lieutenant) Superintendent
Aspirante-a-oficial (cade, student Inspector
Rank Corps Sergeant Major
Subtenente (under-lieutenant) Sergeant major
1st sargento (1st sergeant) Staff sergeant major
3rd sargento (3rd sergeant) Staff sergeant
Cabo (corporal) Sergeant
Soldado de 1 classe (1st class Corporal
Soldier) Police constable 1st class
Soldado de 2nd classes (2nd class (Gendarme)
Soldier, student rank) Police Constable 2nd class
(Gendarme)
Police constable 4th class
(gendarme)
 Cadet
Police ranks for Provincial (with
the exception of the sorete du
Quebec and Alberta Sheriffs) and
the majority of Municipal Police
services are distinct from one another.
Chile China
Policia de Investigaciones de Commissioner General
Chile (PDI) Commissioner 1st Class
Director General Commissioner 3rd Class
Prefecto General Supervisor 1st class
Prefecto Inspector Supervisor 2nd class
Prefecto Supervisor 3rd class
Subprefecto Superintendent 1st class
Comisario Superintendent 2nd class
Subcomisario Superintendent 3rd class
Inspector Constable 1st class
Subinspector Constable 2nd class
Detective
Carabineros De Chile Hong kong
General Director Commissioner (Cp)
General Inspector Deputy commissioner (DCP)
General Senior assistant
Coronel
Teniente Coronel
Mayor Commissioner (SACP)
Capitan Assistant Commissioner (ACPT)
Teniente Chief superintendent of police
Subteneiente (csp)
Sub-oficiales Senior Superintendent of police
Suboficial mayor (SSP)
Suboficial Superintendent of police (SP)
Sargento 1st Chief Inspector of Police (CIP)
Sargento 2nd Senior Inspector of Police (SIP)
Cabo 1st Inspector of Police (IP)
Cabo 2nd Probationary Inspector of Police
Carabinero (PI)
Station Sergeant (SSGT)
Sergeant (SGT)
Senior Police Constable (SPC)
Constable (PC)

France Iceland

Corps de Conception et de 1. National commissioner

Direction 2. Vice national Commissioner, Police chief,
Services direction Headmaster of the National Police School
Inspector General
Controller General
Divisional Commissioner
Commissioner
Corps de Commandment
Major (commandant de police)
Captain
Corps d encadrement et
D application
Major
Brigadier chief de police
Brigadier de police
Sour-brigadier de police
Peace guard
First year peace guard
Studying peace guard
Employ jeune
Adjoint securite
India
Ranks of Gazetted Officer
Director Intelligence Bureau
Additional Commissioner of
Police or Deputy Inspector
General of Police
Joint Commissioner of
Police or Inspector General of
Police
Commissioner of Police
Special Commissioner of Police
Deputy of Commissioner of Police
Additional deputy commissioner of police
Assistant commissioner of police
Assistant superintendent of police
Assistant superintendent of police
Ranks of Non-Gazetted Officer
Inspector of police
Sub-inspector of police
Assistant sub-inspector of police
Police head constable
Senior police constable
Police constable
Iraq
3. Vice Police Chief of Reykjavik, deputy police
chief
4. Chief constable
5. Vice chief constable
6. chief sergeant, assistant chief constable
7. sergeant, inquisitor
8. policeman
9. police intern, temporary replacement officer,
district police officer
Indonesia
Police General Police Commissioner General
Police Inspector General
Police Brigadier General
Mid rank officers
Police great commissioner
Police great commissioner
Adjutant
Police commissioner
Low rank officers
Police commissioner adjutant
First police inspector
Second police inspector
Warrant officers
First police inspector adjutant
Second police inspector adjutant
Non-commissioned officers
Chief police brigadier
Police brigadier
First police brigadier
Second police brigadier
Enlisted
Police brigadier adjutant
First police brigadier adjutant
Second police brigadier adjutant
Chief bhayangkara
First bhayangkara
Second bhayangkara
Ireland
Chief of police Commissioner
Chief of superintendent Deputy commissioner
Superintendent Assistant commissioner
Chief of inspector Chief superintendent
Inspector Superintendent
Captain Inspector
Lieutenant Sergeant
Sergeant Garda
Patrolman Student garda
Reserve Garda
Japan South Korea

1. Commissioner General Commissioner general

2. Superintendent general Chief superintendent general
3. Superintendent supervisor (Keishi-kan): Senior superintendent general
4. Deputy superintendent General, The Chief of Superintendent general
Regional Police Bureau, The Chief of Prefectural Senior superintendent
Police Headquarters, others. 38 capacity. Superintendent
5. Chief superintendent (Keishi-cho). The chief of Senior inspector
prefectural police headquarters. Inspector
6. Senior Superintendent (Keishi-sei). The chief of Assistant inspector
police station. Senior police officer
7. Superintendent (keishi). The chief of police Police officer
station.
8. police inspector or captain (keibu) Latvia
9. assistant police inspector or lieutenant
10. police sergeant Lowest to highest
11. senior police
12. police officer, old patrolman (junsa) Ierindnieks/private
Kursants
Kapralis/corporal
Serzants/sergeants
Virsnieka vietneiks/warrant officer
Leitnants/first lieutenant
Kapteinis/captain
Majors/major
Pulkvezleitnants/lieutenant
Colonel
Pulkvedis/colonel
Generalis/police general

Lithuania Macau

A class officers Superintendent general

Superintendent
Commissioner Intended
Senior commissioner Sub-intended
The chief commissioner Commissioner
Commissioner – general Sub-commissioner
Chief
B. Class Officers Sub-chief
Inspector 1st class guard
The chief inspector 2nd class guard
Commission inspector Guard

C. Class Officers
Junior police officer
Police officer
Senior police officer
Sergeant

Malaysia Netherlands

Inspector General Grade Chief

Inspector General of police (IGP)
Deputy inspector general of police (DIG)
Commissioner of Police (CP)
Deputy Commissioner of Police (DCP)
Senior Assistant Commissioner of Police (SAC)
Senior Assistant Commissioner of Police II
Senior Commissioner of Police (ACP)
Superintendent
Superintendent of police (SUPT)
Deputy superintendent of police
(DSP)
Assistant superintendent of police (ASP)
Constable (Hoofscommissaris)
Commissioner (Commissaris)
Superitendent (Hoofdinspecteur)
Inspector (Inspector)
Sergeant (Brigadier)
Constant First Class (Hoofdagent)
Constable (agent)
Police Patrol Officer (surveillant)
Police trainee (aspirant

Inspector Grade
Chief inspector
Inspector (INSP)
Probability inspector (P/INSP)

Enlisted Grade
Sub-inspector (S-INSP)
Sergeant Major (SM)
Sergeant (SGT)
Corporal (CPL)
Lance corporal (L/CPL)
Constable
Singapore
Philippines

Commissioned officers Senior Police officers

Director general (DGEN.)
General Commissioner of police
Deputy director general (DDG) Deputy commissioner of police (DCP)
Lieutenant General Senior (DCP)
Director (Dir) Major General Senior Assistant
Chief Superintendent (C/Supt.) Commissioner (SAC)
Brigadier General Assistant commissioner (AC)
Senior Superintendent (S/Supt.) Deputy assistant
Colonel Commissioner (DAC)
Superintendent (Supt.) Superintendent of police (SUPT)
Lieutenant Colonel Deputy superintendent of police
Chief Inspector (C/Insp.) Major (DSP)
Senior Inspector (S/Insp)- Assistant superintendent of police (ASP)
Captain Inspector of police (INSP)
Inspector (Insp) Lieutenant Police Officers
Note: rank in italics is the army equivalent. There is Senior station inspector (2) of police (SS12)
no second lieutenant rank-equivalent in the PNP. Senior station inspector of police (SSI)
Station inspector of police (Si)
Non Commercial Officers Senior staff sergeant (SSSGT)
Senior Police Officer IV (SPO4) Staff sergeant
Senior master sergeant/chief Sergeant (SGT)
Master sergeant Corporal (CPL)
Senior police officer III (SPO3) Lance corporal (LC): Gurkha rank.
Master sergeant Special constable (SC): non
Senior police officer II (SPO2) Regulars
Technical sergeant Police constable (PC):
Senior police officer I 9SPO1)
Staff sergeant
Police officer III (PO3) sergeant
Police office II (PO2) Corporal
Police Officer I (PO1) Private
First Class

Sri Lank Spain

Gazetted officers Cuerpo Nacional de Policia

Inspector General of police (IGP) Chief
Senior Deputy Inspector General of police (SDIG) Superintendent (Spanish: Comisari
Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG) o Principal)
Senior Superintendent of police (SSP) Superintendent (Comisario)
Assistant Superintendent of police (ASP) Chief Inspector (Inspector Jefe)
Chief Inspector of police (CIP) Inspector
Inspector of police (IP) Sergeant (Subinspector)
Sub inspector of police (SI) Corporal (Official)
Non-Gazetted officers Constable (Agente)
Police sergeant major (PSM) Guardian Civil – Civil Guard
Police sergeant class 1 (PS) Lieutenant General (Teniente)
Police sergeant class 2 (PS) General
Police constable class I (PC) Division General (General de
Police constable class 2 (PC)
Police constable class 3 (PC)
Police Constable Class 4 (PC)
Taiwan (The Republic of China)
National Police Agency (Republic of China)
Police Supervisor General
Police Supervisor Rank One
Police Supervisor Rank two
Police Supervisor Rank three
Police Supervisor Rank four
Police Officer rank one
Police Officer rank two
Police officer rank three
Police officer rank four
Police rank one
Police rank two
Police rank three
Police rank four
Division)
Brigade General (General de
Brigada )
Colonel (Coronel)
Lieutenant Colonel (Teniente)
Coronel
Major (Comandante)
Captain (Capitan)
Lieutenant (Teniente)
Second Lieutenant (Alferez)
Senior Warrant Officer (Suboficial)
Mayor)
Junior Warrant
Officer (Subteniente)
Sergeant First class (brigada)
Staff sergeant (Sargento Primero)
Sergeant (Sargento)
Master corporal (Cabo Mayor)
Corporal (Cabo Primero)
Lance Corporal (Cabo)
Constable first class (agente de 1st)
Constable (agente)
Thailand
Royal Thai Police
Commissioned officers
Police General (phon tamruat ek)
Police lieutenant general (phon
Tamruat tho)
Police major general (phon
Tamruat tri)
Police brigadier general (not in use
Now (phon tamruat jattawa)
Police senior colonel(phan
Tamruat ek phiset)
Police colonel (phan tamrat ek)
Police lieutenant colonel (phan
Tamruat tho)
Police major (phan tamruat tri)
Police captain (roi tamruat ek)
Police lieutenant (roi tamruat tho)
Police sub-lieutenant (roi tamruat tri)
Non Commissioned Officers
 Police senior sergeant major (dap tamruat)
Police sergeant major (ja sip
Tamruat)
Police sergeant (sip tamruat ek)
Police corporal (sip tamruat tho)
Police lance corporal (sip tamruat tri)
Policeman/constable (phon tamruat)

Turkey United Kingdom

Turkish police Police ranks of the United Kingdom

Director general (emniyet genel muduru) For territorial police
1st degree police chief (1. Sinif emniyet muduru) (detective/uniformed)constable
2nd degree police chief (2. Sinif emniyet muduru) (detective/uniformed)sergeant
3rd degree police chief (3. Sinif emniyet muduru) (detective/uniformed)inspector
4th degree police chief (4. Sinif emniyet muduru) (detective/uniformed)chief
Superintendent (emniyet amiri) Inspector
Chief inspector (baskomiser) (detective/uniformed) superintendent
Inspector (komiser) (detective/uniformed) chief
Sub-inspector (komiser yardimcisi) Superintendent
Police officer (Turkish:polis memuru( Assistant chief constable
Deputy chiefs constable
United States Chief constable
Ranks up to chief superintendent
Chief of police/police Can be held in either a uniformed in either a
Commissioner/superintendent/sheriff uniformed or detective capacity, whereas after
Deputy chief of police/deputy that the “Chief Officer” ranks are concerned with
Commissioner/Deputy the overall management and effective running of
Superintendent/undersheriff the force.
Inspector/commander/colonel Within London’s Metropolitan Police service the
Major/deputy inspector ranks are identical to those outside London, until
Captain chief superintendent. In London the chief ranks
Lieutenant are:
Sergeant Commander
Detective/inspector/investigator Deputy assistant commissioner
Officer/deputy sheriff/corporal Assistant commissioner
Deputy commissioner
Venezuela Commissioner constabulary, which is made up of
Comisario Jefe volunteer police officers with identical powers to
Comisario regular officers, maintains its own ranking
Sub Comisario structure (varies, but most common):
Inspector Jefe Chief officer
Inspector Assistant chief officer
Sub Inspector Special chief inspector
Detective District officer (similar in role to an Inspector)
Agente Section officer(Similar in role to a sergeant)
Officre’ Special constable
Doctor The special constabulary in Scottish police forces
 does not maintain any structure and all members
of the special constabulary are special constable
regardless to length of service/experience, etc.
Special constable are always subordinate to regular
constables.
Traffic wardens and police community support
officers to not have a rank structure.

Vietnam

Dai tuong cong an-police

General
Thu tuong cong an-police
Senior lieutenant general
Trung tuong cong an –police
Lieutenant general
Thieu tuong cong an –police
Major general
Middle rank
Dai ta cong an – police colonel
Thu ong ta Cong an – Police senior
Lieutenant colonel
Trung ta Cong an – police
Lieutenant colonel
Thieu ta Cong an – Police Major
Low rank
Dai uy cong-an – police captain
Thuong uy cong an – police
Senior lieutenant
Trung uy cong an – police lieutenant
Thieu uy cog an – police sub-lieutenant
 Chapter V

Types of Police

This chapter enumerates and summarizes the different types of police of various countries.

Afghanistan

1. Afghan Boarder Police ABP

2. Afghan National Civil Order Police (ANCOP)
3. Afghan National Police – ANP
4. Afghan Special Narcotics Force (ASNF)
5. Counter Narcoutics Police of Afghanistan (CNPA)
6. Khadamat – e Etela’at-e Dawlati
7. National Directorate of Security (NDS,
8. Ring of Steel
9. The Sarandoy
10. Vice and Virtue Ministry

Australia

2 Major Types of Police Australia

1. Australian Federal Police (AFP) is responsible for the investigation of crimes against
Commonwealth law which occurs throughout the nation. The AFP also have responsibility for a
community policing role (similar to the state police) in Commonwealth territories such as the
Australian Capital Territory.

2. Various State Police

The state police forces are responsible for enforcing state law within their own states (including
cities within the states)

China

1. Public Security Police. It makes up to 86% of all police personnel in China. It provides not only
basic uniformed patrol but also twelve other specialized functions including criminal
investigations, fire control border patrol, and monitoring of all modes of transportation.

2. State Security Police. Established in 1983, it is responsible for preventing espionage, sabotage,
and conspiracies.

3. Prison Police. It is responsible for supervision of convicted offenders in prison.

4. Judicial Procuratorates Police. They escort suspects in cases investigated by the procuratorates
(prosecutors in the Phils.).
 5. Judicial People’s Court Police. They maintain security and order in the various courts and also
may carryout death sentence.

Japan

1. Koban
2. Chuzaisho
3. Kidotai
4. Kempetai
5. Prefectural

Germany

1. Bundespolizie/Federal police
2. Landespolizie/state police

2.1 Schutzpolizei. This is the equivalent of municipal police particularly patrol officers in the
Philippines, they are the first to arrive at the scene of most crime and handle all general
aspects of law enforcement and simple investigations.

2.2 Kriminalpolizei. This is also called Kripo. They are plainclothes police who handle serious
crime investigation and situations that require developing case against the suspect.

2.3 Bereitschaftspolize. These are officers – in training living in barracks, but they serve as civil
police when situation arises.

2.4 Kommunen/local

The Verkehrspolize (traffic police) was the traffic-law enforcement agency and road safety
administration of Germany.

The Wsserschutzpolizei (water protection police) was the coast guard of the third reich.
Tasked with the safety and security of Germany’s rivers, harbors, and inland waterways.

The Bahnschutzpolizei (railway police) was made up of part time police officers who were
also employees of the Reichbahn (state railway). The Bahnchutzpolizei was tasked with
railway safety and also preventing espionage and sabotage of railway property.

Postal police (Postchutz) was tasked with security at Germany’s post offices and ensuring the
security of other communications media such as telephone and telegraph lines.

The Feuerschutzpolizei fire protection police) thus consisted of all professional fire
departments under a national command structure. The Orpo Hauptamt had also authority
over the Freiwillige Feuerwehren, the local volunteer civilian fire brigades.
 The security and assistance Service (Sicherheits and Hilfsdienst or SHD) was created in 1935
as air protection police. It was the civil protection service in charge of air raid defense and
rescue victims of bombings in connection with the Technische Nothilfe (Technical Emergency
Service) and the Feuerschutzpolizei (FireBrigades).

United Kingdom

1. Terrotorial police forces

2. Special police forces,
2. Non-police law enforcement agencies
4. Miscellaneous police forces

USA

1. Federal
2. State Police, State Patrol or Highway Patrol
3. Country Police
4. Sheriffs’ department
5. Municipal
6. Special district police

Guidelines in reviewing

How to fail the board examination?

1. Read once in a while.

2. Do not buy or gather review materials. Be satisfied with what you have
3. Do not attend or join review classes. Attend review class irregularly.
4. Dot not believe on the result of your mock board examination.
5. Do not pray. Do not believe in God.
6. Sleep while others are reading.

How to pass the board examination?

1. Read 3 hours a day.

2. Gather review materials.
3. Attend the review lectures regularly.
4. Believe on the result of your mock board examination.
5. Depend on God.
6. Spend more time in reading than relaxing.
How to top the board examination?

1. Read and understand what you are reading.

2. Buy or gather review materials as many as you can.
3. Attend review classes regularly. Take down notes.
4. Believing and improving the result of your mock board examination.
5. Put Go first in everything you do.
6. Read more than 8 hours in 24 hours.