Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Question 4
Fill in the blank. The character table for a C 3v molecule, such
as PCl3, lists three symmetry labels: A 1, A2, and E. The A1
mode transforms z, z2, and x2 + y2. This means that the A1
mode is ________________.
a. IR active only
b. Raman active only
c. Both IR and Raman active
d. Neither IR or Raman active
e. The only spectroscopically active mode in the
molecule
Question 5
Fill in the blank. The character table for a D3h ion, such as
CO32-, lists six symmetry labels: A1', A2', E', A1'', A2'', and E''. The
A2' mode transforms Rz. This means that the A 2' mode is
_________________.
a. IR active only
b. Raman active only
c. Both IR and Raman active
d. Neither IR or Raman active
e. The only spectroscopically active mode in the
molecule
Question 8 Question 11
Using the flow chart provided, determine which point group a Hydrogen and helium both have two electrons (completely
tennis ball would belong to. filled) bonding molecular orbitals. Hydrogen exists as a
diatomic molecule; helium does not. Why?
Question 12
The bond order of a molecule is given by the equation: ½
(bonding electrons - antibonding electrons). What accounts
for the ½?
Question 13
What is the bond order for dinitrogen, N 2?
a. D2d a. 5
b. Cs b. 1
c. C2h c. 1.5
d. S4 d. 2
e. D4 e. 3
Question 9 Question 14
Which of the following has C4v symmetry? When drawing the MO diagram of a heteronuclear diatomic
molecule, at what relative positions should the atomic
a. H2O orbitals appear?
b. BrF5
c. BH3 a. They should be at the same energy to indicate bond
d. PCl6 formation.
e. W(CO)6 b. They should be at the same energy to indicate
allowed symmetry.
Question 10 c. They should be at different energies, relative to their
Which of the following does NOT contain an inversion center? difference in electronegativities.
d. They should be at different energies, relative to their
a. SF6 atomic radii.
b. O2 e. They should be at different energies, relative to the
c. BF3 number of lone pairs of electrons.
d. C2Cl4
e. All of the above Question 15
When filling molecular orbitals, which of the following is c. They counteract bond formation in a molecule.
FALSE?
d. They help hold the molecule together, once it is
a. A maximum of two electrons per orbital is allowed. formed.
e. They are responsible for the formation of sigma
b. The orbitals with the lowest energy are filled first. bonds.
Question 16
Which of the following minimizes nucleus-nucleus repulsion
and promotes electron-nucleus interaction?
Question 17
Which of the following must be true when atomic orbitals
combine to form molecular orbitals?
Question 18
Which of the following statements concerning sigma and pi
molecular orbitals is FALSE?
Question 22
According to valence bond theory (VBT), O 2 has no unpaired 7. d. They increase their transition state energy, making
electrons. MO theory shows two unpaired electrons in a 2π* them useful catalysts.
molecular orbital. Which of the following experiments 8. e. They decrease shielding, allowing
supports the correct electron configuration? spectroscopically forbidden transitions to occur.
a. There is no actual difference; the orbitals involved d. No. Four of the electrons are paired. Only one
are the same, only listed in a different order. electron is unpaired and can only fill the one
b. The complex having d2sp3 hybridization is an "inner remaining orbital. No degeneracy exists.
shell" complex, while the complex with sp 3d2 e. Yes. Four electrons are paired in the lower energy
hybridization is an "outer shell" complex. orbitals. The fifth electron can position itself into any
c. The complex having d2sp3 hybridization is an "outer of the remaining three orbitals, making it triply
shell" complex, while the complex with sp 3d2 degenerate.
hybridization is an "inner shell" complex.
d. The complex having sp3d2 hybridization does not Question 27
exist; the electrons must fill the lowest energy Ferrocene consists of two cyclopentadienyl rings bound
orbitals first. through 5 carbons to an iron center. What is the IUPAC name
e. The complex having d2sp3d2 hybridization does not for ferrocene?
exist; the electrons must fill the orbitals with the
same principle quantum number.
Question 24
Analysis of a high spin d6 complex reveals that it is
diamagnetic. What is the probable molecular geometry of the
complex?
a. Octahedral
b. Tetrahedral
c. Square planar
d. All of the above
e. Both A and C a. mer-bis(cyclopentadienyl)iron(II)
b. fac-bis(cyclopentadienyl)iron(II)
Question 25 c. bis(η5-cyclopentadienyl)iron(II)
Compounds with octahedral molecular geometries d. µ-bis(cyclopentadienyl)iron(II)
sometimes elongate or compress through Jahn-Teller e. (η5-cyclopentadienyl)iron(II)
distortion. In doing so, which of the following occurs?
Question 28
a. They increase their ionization potential, rendering How would the complexes Λ-[Co(en)3]3+ and Δ-[Co(en)3]3+
them most useful electrochemically. differ?
5. b. They reduce degenerate molecular orbitals,
allowing a more stable molecule to exist. a. One would be a solid at room temperature, while the
6. c. They undergo a strong magnetic transition, other would be a liquid.
allowing easier detection by NMR and EPR.
b. One would be highly colored, while the other would d. A d2 tetrahedral complex
be colorless. e. A d5 square planar complex
9. c. One would be paramagnetic, while the other
would be diamagnetic. Question 33
10. d. One would rotate plane-polarized light clockwise, Using the valence bond theory and the 18 electron rule,
while the other would rotate it counterclockwise. which of the following would you predict to be the most
stable?
11. e. All of the above
a. Fe(CO)5
12. b. Ni(CO)5
13. c. Mo(CO)6
14. d. Re(CO)6
15. e. Ir(CO)5
Question 29 Question 34
In chromium and copper, the 3d orbital fills before the 4s What happens when the electron pairing energy is larger than
orbital is filled. Why? the octahedral field splitting energy?
a. Because the stability gained from having a fully-filled a. The result is a low-spin complex, where electrons will
or evenly, half-filled set of d orbitals is greater than pair up and fill the lowest energy level.
the need to fill all lower energy orbitals first b. The result is a high-spin complex, where electrons
b. Because the 3d orbital is actually lower in energy will be promoted to the next energy level before
than the 4s, so it fills first pairing.
c. Because copper and chromium only exist as ions; c. The result is an unstable complex, where electrons
never as neutral elements can either pair or be promoted to the next energy
d. Because the atomic radii are so large that no effect is level.
felt by the nucleus d. The result is a high-spin complex, where electrons
e. None of the above will pair up and fill the lowest energy level.
e. The result is a low-spin complex, where electrons will
Question 30 be promoted to the next energy level before pairing.
Phosphines are often used as molecular bridges between two
metal centers. How should these phosphines be notated
according to IUPAC nomenclature? Question 35
Which of the following has T-shaped molecular geometry?
a. mu (µ)
b. eta (η) a. BF3
c. chi (χ) b. ClF3
d. xi (ξ) c. PF6
e. zeta (ζ) d. IF5
e. SbF5
Question 31
Transition metals exhibit all of the following general Question 36
characteristics, EXCEPT: Which of the following influences the amount of crystal field
splitting in a metal complex?
a. They are malleable and ductile.
b. They have high melting points. a. Charge of the metal ion
c. They conduct heat and electricity. b. Nature of the ligands
d. They are lustrous. c. Geometry of the complex
e. They undergo irreversible oxidation. d. Size of the ligands
e. All of the above
Question 32
Using ligand field theory, which of the following would you Question 37
predict to be the most paramagnetic? Which of the following sets of complexes represents a set of
stereoisomerism (not structural isomerism)?
a. A low spin, d5 octahedral complex
b. A high spin, d8 octahedral complex a. [PtCl(H2O)3]Br and [Pt(Br)(H2O)3]Cl
c. A low spin, d3 octahedral complex b. cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2] and trans-[PtCl2(NH3)2]
c. [CrCl2(H2O)4]Cl•2H2O and [CrCl3(H2O)3]•3H2O absorption at 654 nm. If equal quantities of the two solutions
d. [Co(NH3)6] [Cr(ac)3] and [Co(ac)3] [Cr(NH3)6] of metal complexes are mixed, what would the resulting UV
e. [Co(SCN)(NH3)5]- and [Co(NCS)(NH3)5]- spectrum look like?
Question 40
Which of the following would have the highest melting point?
a. Silver
b. Rhodium
c. Cadmium
d. Molybdenum
e. The melting points would be equivalent, because
they are in the same period.
Question 41
If a complex has a maximum absorption at 423 nm, what
color would the complex appear to the human eye?
a. Violet
b. Blue
c. Green
d. Yellow
e. Red
Question 42
Some tetrahedral metal complexes exhibit weak electronic
transitions even though they are symmetry forbidden. Why?
a. Jahn-Teller distortion
b. Mixing of the p and d orbitals
c. MLCT
a. The ligand field stabilization energy (LFSE) is
d. LMCT
insufficient to allow transitions to the left of the line.
e. All of the above
Question 45
Using the spin selection rules and the Tanabe-Sugano diagram Question 47
provided, how many electronic transitions would you expect Which of the following would be a spin allowed transition?
to see in the spectrum of a d8 complex if Δ/B = 1.5?
a. 3
T1 → 1T1
b. 5
E → 2E
c. 3
T1 → 3A2
d. 1
A2 → 3A2
e. 4
T2 → 2T4
Question 48
Why are the hexaaqua complexes of Sc3+ and Zn2+ colorless,
while the hexaaqua complexes of Fe 2+, Cr3+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Cu2+
are intensely colored?
Question 49
Why does a high spin d5 octahedral complex exhibit a very
pale color, while a low spin d5 octahedral complex is more
highly colored?
a. Dynamic fluxionality
b. Spin-spin coupling interactions
c. Integer quantum spin numbers (I = 1,2,3…)
d. Fractional quantum spin numbers (I = 1/2, 3/2, 5/2)
d. All of the above d. It depends on the nature of the ligands involved and
e. A and B only whether they are mono or multi-dentate.
f. All of the above
Question 60
Why does Re(CO)5Cl exhibit lower carbonyl stretching Question 64
frequencies (νco) than [Re(CO)5(py)]+? Using the neutral (covalent) method of electron counting,
how many electrons are donated to a metal center by a
a. Cationic metal complexes experience less π cyclopentadiene ring?
backbonding than their neutral or anionic analogs.
a. 2
b. 5
c. 6 Question 70
d. 8 The interaction between the metal and ligands in
e. 10 coordination complexes can best be described as which of the
following?
Question 65
What is the coordination number of [Cu(NH 3)4][Cl-]2? a. Hydrophilic interactions
b. Hydrophobic interactions
a. 2 c. Van der Waals interactions
b. 3 d. Lewis acid-base interactions
c. 4 e. Hydrogen bonding interactions
d. 5
e. 6 Question 71
A natural spring containing manganese is found to be highly
Question 66 acidic. Using the diagram below, what form of iron would you
What is the oxidation state of chromium in [Cr(NH3)2(C2O4)2]- ? predict to be most abundant?
a. +3
b. +2
c. +4
d. +7
e. +6
Question 67
What is true about coordinative unsaturation?
Question 68 a. Fe(s)
Which compound will react with Ag + ion in water: b. Fe3+(aq)
[Co(NH3)6]Cl3 or [Co(Cl3)](NH3)6? What is formed? c. Fe(OH)2(s)
d. Fe2+(aq)
a. [Co(Cl3)](NH3)6; AgCl is formed. e. Fe(OH)3(s)
b. [Co(Cl3)](NH3)6; NH4Cl is formed.
c. [Co(NH3)6]Cl3; AgCl is formed. Question 72
d. [Co(NH3)6]Cl3; NH4Cl is formed. In Latimer diagrams, what does a large positive standard
e. Both will react with silver in water; AgCl and NH 4Cl reduction potential indicate?
are formed.
a. The species on the left is readily reduced to the
Question 69 species on the right side of the arrow.
Which of the following is an ambidentate ligand? b. The species on the lef tis a good reducing agent.
d. The free energy of electron transfer a. Cr2O72- + 8 H+ + 3 H2C2O4 → 2 Cr3+ + 7 H2O + 6 CO2
e. All of the above
b. 12 H+ + 5 I- + IO3- → 3 I2 + 6H2O
Question 74 c. 2 Fe(OH)2 + H2O2 → 2 Fe(OH)3
What happens to an outer sphere redox reaction, if the spin d. 3 Cd + 8 H+ + 2 NO3- → 3 Cd2+ + 2 NO + 8 H2O
multiplicity is different?
e. 2 Au3+ + 6I- → 2 Au + 3 I2
a. The reaction does not proceed.
b. The reaction is drastically slowed, requiring a spin flip Question 79
to occur. Which of the following is a properly balanced half reaction in
c. The reaction proceeds quicker, because different spin basic media?
states allow faster electron transfer.
d. The reaction will proceed as inner sphere instead, a. Cr2O72- + 8 H+ + 3 H2C2O4 → 2 Cr3+ + 7 H2O + 6 CO2
because electrons with different spin will pair and
form a bond. b. 12 OH- + 5 I- + IO3- → 3 I2 + 6H2O
e. None of the above c. Fe(OH)2 + OH- → Fe(OH)3
d. 2 Cr(OH)3 + ClO3− + 4 OH− → 2 CrO42− + Cl− + 5 H2O
Question 75
What implication does overpotential have on a redox e. 2 Au3+ + 6I− → 2 Au + 3 I2
reaction?
Question 80
a. Even though a reaction is thermodynamically Given the Frost diagram for phosphorus and nitrogen in acidic
favorable, the reaction may be slow kinetically. conditions, which of the following species is the most
thermodynamically favored?
b. All redox reactions are favorable at in alkaline media.
Question 76
What is considered the rate determining step in an outer
sphere redox reaction?
Question 83 Question 87
The effect of a coordinated ligand upon the rate of Which of the following is about the trans influence is FALSE?
substitution of ligands opposite it is referred to as which of
the following? a. It is a kinetic phenomenon.
b. It can influence M-L bond lengths.
a. The trans influence c. It can result in changes in NMR coupling constants.
b. The trans effect
c. The biphilic effect d. It can affect the vibrational frequency.
d. The solvolysis effect e. It is purely thermodynamic.
e. The anation effect
Question 88
Question 84 Which of the following is true of substitutions at square
What is responsible for the increased stability of formation of planar metal centers?
a complex containing two chelating ligands as compared to
four monodentate ligands? a. They occur via an associative mechanism with a five
coordinate intermediate.
a. Enthalpy of reaction b. They only proceed when bond formation is the rate
b. Decreased activation energy determining step.
c. Formation of dimeric species (bridging ligands) c. They only proceed when bond breaking is the rate
determining step.
d. Entropy of reaction d. They only proceed when the transition energies of
e. Outer sphere electron transfer bond formation and bond breaking are similar.
Question 89
Which of the following rate laws indicates a dissociative
mechanism?
Question 85
When hexaaqua complexes of cobalt react with chloride ion, a. k = [A][B]
they undergo a change in the coordination chemistry. Why is b. k = [A]
this NOT the case when they react with ammonia? c. k = [A]2[B]
d. Both A and C
a. The chloride ions are larger than the water e. The mechanism cannot be determined from the rate
molecules, only allowing four to coordinate around law.
The anticancer drug cisplatin is a platinum based complex,
Question 90 which works by destroying the DNA within cancer cells. Which
Fill in the blank to complete the following analogy. of the following transition metals have anticancer
Thermodynamics : free energy :: kinetics : applications?
________________.
a. Ru
a. Activation energy b. Ti
b. Thermal energy c. V
c. Electron transfer d. Fe
d. Entropy e. All of the above
e. Enthalpy
Question 96
Question 91 What advantage does doping an LED with a transition metal
Fill in the blank. The Haber process is used for the production have?
of _______________.
a. Doping allows the LED to harvest light from triplet
a. Ammonia states, increasing quantum efficiency.
b. Sulfur trioxide b. Doping increases the overall number of singlet to
c. Sulfuric acid singlet emission pathways.
d. Margarine c. It reduces the overall cost of producing an LED; the
e. Nitric acid inorganic dopants are inexpensive.
d. All of the above
Question 92 1. None of the above
What is the end product of the Contact Process?
Question 97
a. Ammonia Which of the following describes a challenge in the
b. Sulfur trioxide production of effective metal-based dye-sensitized solar cell?
c. Sulfuric acid
d. Margarine a. Metal ion complexes are unable to harvest light
e. Nitric acid energy.
b. The cost of the metal ion complexes is prohibitive.
Question 93
What is the role of a catalyst in a reaction? c. The storage of energy occurs by thermal or chemical
means.
a. It shifts the equilibrium toward the products based d. The energy produced can only be utilized in electrical
on LeChatlier's principle. grids.
b. It provides an alternate route with a lower activation e. All of the above
energy for the reaction to proceed.
c. It donates electrons to break or form bonds as Question 98
needed until it is entirely consumed. Which of the following is NOT an application of a secondary
d. It forms bridging complexes which align the cell battery?
molecular orbitals of the reactants.
e. All of the above a. Nickel-cadmium in portable electronics and toys
Question 95
b. The organometallic complexes are less toxic and
more effective in lowering blood glucose levels.
Question 100
Which of the following is true of organometallic
pharmaceuticals as antimicrobials?