EX.

5: ABO SOLUBLE
ANTIGENS

BSMT 3B
GROUP 9
BACANI, RONALINE ANNE L.
JOCSON, JANCY R.
OCAMPO, KARL A.
VELASCO, PRINCESS
ROCHELLE S.
INTRODUCTION

• integral parts of the membranes of RBCs, endothelial cells, platelets,

lymphocytes, and epithelial cells
• found in all body secretions
• presence is dependent on the ABO genes inherited
• 80% of the random US population
GUIDE QUESTIONS:

Why is there a need to inactivate the saliva?

• The saliva must be boil for about 5-10 minutes to destroy the enzymes
so that the saliva must consist mainly of water so an equal saline
should be added to ensure that that red cell are not hemolyzed. And in
using the saliva you can indicate if a patient is a secretor or non-
secretor through agglutination.
GUIDE QUESTIONS:

Why is there a need to dilute the anti-sera?

• It will be necessary to dilute the Anti-A and the Anti-B to a point where
only a one plus reaction is obtained against the appropriate red cells.
And anti sera must be diluted so that its antibody titer is more closely
matches the antigen level in the saliva.
GUIDE QUESTIONS:

What is the principle of the test?

• Certain blood group substances occur in soluble form in a large proportion
(78%) of individuals in secretions such as saliva and gastric juice. These
individuals are termed secretors (they possess the Se gene) and secrete
antihuman globulin (ABH)–soluble antigens. These water soluble blood group
substances are readily detected in very minute quantities because they have
the property of reacting with their corresponding antibodies and thereby
neutralizing or inhibiting the capacity of the antibody to agglutinate erythrocytes
possessing the corresponding antigen. The reaction is termed hemagglutination
inhibition and provides a means of assaying the relative activity or potency of
these water-soluble blood group substances.
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
POST-LAB CONFERENCE QUESTIONS:

How are ABH substances formed?

• The formation of ABH antigens results from the interaction of genes at
three separate loci. These genes do not actually code for the
production of antigens but rather produce specific glycosyltransferase
that add sugar to a basic precursor substance, A B H antigens are
formed from the same precursor material to which sugar are attached
in response to specific enzyme transferases elicited by an inherited
gene.
POST-LAB CONFERENCE QUESTIONS:

What is the importance of testing for ABH substances?

• To know if the person in secretor or non-secretor
POST-LAB CONFERENCE QUESTIONS:

Are there any other applications of this procedure?

• In the past, test for ABH secretion have been used to establish the
true ABO group of an individual whose RBC antigens are poorly
developed.
REFENCES:

• Harmening, D.M. (2012). Modern Blood Banking & Transfusion Practices 6th Edition.
F.A. Davis. Page 126-127
• http://faculty.madisoncollege.edu/mljensen/BloodBank/Lab_Manual/determining_sec
retor_status.htm
• http://exa.unne.edu.ar/bioquimica/inmunoclinica/documentos/Biotec_Anti_H_Lectin.
pdf
• http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mayer/rx-12.jpg
• http://davisplus.fadavis.com/product/modern-blood-banking-transfusion-practices-
harmening