STUDY GUIDE: TRADEMARKS LAW

1. What is a Trademark?
o Legal Definition of Trademarks (tradename, servicemark, trademark)
2. How to protect your mark thru trademark registration with the Intellectual
Property Office (IPO)
4. How do you acquire trademark rights? (Sec. 122, RA 8293)
5. What mark may or may not be registered? (Sec. 123.1, R.A. 8283)
o How to apply for TM registration - Exercise; Print TM Application Form from - www.ipophil.gov.ph
6. What are the requirements to apply for TM registration?
7. What is the term of a certificate of TM registration; how is it renewed? (Sec. 145
– 146, R.A. 8293)

8. What are the rights of the owner of a registered mark? (Sec. 147. Rights
conferred)

9. What are the remedies available to the owner in case his trademark is copied, or
used by others without authority?

o Civil Action Remedies:

a.) Trademark Infringement (Sec. 155 in relation to Sec. 163 of R.A. 8293),
b.) Unfair Competition (Sec. 168 in relation to Sec. 163),
c.) Actions concerning trademark license contracts (Sec.150 in relation to Sec.163),
d.) Importation of merchandise or goods bearing infringing marks or trade names (Sec.
166 in relation to Sec. 163),
e.) False Designations of Origin; False Description or Representation (Sec. 169 in
relation to Sec. 163),
f.) Cancellation of the registration of a collective mark

o Criminal Action:
a.) Trademark Infringement (Sec 155 in relation to Sec 170)
b.) Unfair Competition (Sec 168 in relation to Sec 170)
c.) False Designations of Origin; False Description or Representation (Sec. 169 in
relation to Sec. 170),

o Administrative Action:
a.) Petition for Cancellation of TM Registration with the Bureau of Legal Affairs of the
IPO (RA 8293 Sec. 155);

10. What are some of the Limitations to the rights of a trademark owner relative to
infringement or to the use by others of the same mark? (Secs. 158, 159)
11. How is TM Notice Given? What is the relevance of a trademark notice? (Sec.
158)

12. What are the Dominancy and Holistic Tests used to determine TM infringement
and unfair competition? Differentiate.

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 Study Legal Remedies & Cases:

i. Administrative Remedy: PETITION for CANCELLATION of TM REGISTRATION

with Bureau of Legal Affairs of the IPO (RA 8293 Sec. 155);

ii. Judicial Remedies: File CIVIL ACTION and/or CRIMINAL ACTIONS in the RTC
under RA 8293, Sections 155, 166, 168, 169, 162, in relation to Sec. 170 such
as:

a. Infringement,
b. Unfair Competition,
c. Importation of goods bearing infringing marks/name, and,
d. False Designation of Origin; False Description of Representation
e. False or Fraudulent Declaration in obtaining TM registration in IPO.

iii. SUPREME COURT A.M. No. 10-3-10-SC, October 18, 2011 - “RULES OF
PROCEDURE FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS CASES”:

a. Trademark Infringement (Section 155 in relation to Sec. 170),

b. Unfair Competition (Section 168 in relation to Section 170),
c. False Designations of Origin; False Description or Representation (Section
169.1 in relation to Section 170)

iv. STUDY & DO CASE DIGEST: Facts, Issues and SC Rulings on the following -

1. STERLING PRODUCTS INTERNATIONAL, INCORPORATED, vs. FARBENFABRIKEN

BAYER AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, and ALLIED MANUFACTURING AND TRADING CO.,
INC., G.R. No. L-19906 April 30, 1969

2. CONVERSE RUBBER CORP. vs. UNIVERSAL RUBBER PRODUCTS INDUSTRIES,

147 SCRA 154, 8 January 1987
3. EMERALD GARMENT MANUFACTURING CORP. vs. COURT OF APPEALS, GR
No. 100098, December 29, 1995
4. FABERGE INCORPORATED v. IAC AND CO BENG KAY, GR No. 71189, 4
November 1992
5. DEL MONTE vs. C.A. and SUNSHINE SAUCE G.R. No. L-78325 January 25, 1990
6. ASIA BREWERY vs. C.A. and SAN MIGUEL CORP. G.R. No. 103543 July 5, 1993, 493
SCRA 333.
7. MIRPURI vs. C.A, DIR.OF PATENTS & BARBIZON, G.R. No. 114508,Nov.19, 1999
8. AMIGO vs. CLUETT PEABODY INC., G.R. No. 139300. March 14, 2001
9. PHILIP MORRIS, et al vs. FORTUNE TOBACCO, G.R. No. 158589, June 27, 2006
10. McDONALD’S CORP. vs. MACJOY FASTFOOD,G.R. No. 166115 Feb. 2, 2007
11. MCDONALD’S CORPORATION vs. L.C. BIG MAK BURGER, G.R. No. 143993,
Aug. 18, 2004, 437 SCRA 10.
12. FREDCO vs. HARVARD UNIVERSITY, G.R. No. 185917, June 01, 2011

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 13. BIRKENSTOCK ORTHOPAEDIE GMBH AND CO. KG (formerly BIRKENSTOCK
ORTHOPAEDIE GMBH) vs. PHILIPPINE SHOE EXPO MARKETING
CORPORATION, G.R. No. 194307, November 20, 2013

14. TANDUAY DISTILLERS, INC. v. GINEBRA SAN MIGUEL, INC., 596 SCRA 114
15. PROSOURCE INTERNATIONAL, INC. vs. HORPHAG RESEARCH MANAGEMENT
SA, 605 SCRA 523

REFERENCES:
1. RA 8293 – Intelllectual Property Code of the Philippines
2. Essentials of Intellectual Property Law – Atty. Ernesto Salao
3. Intellectual Property Office website –www.ipophil.gov.ph
4. Supreme Court Decisions
o SCRA;
o Supreme Court website - sc.judiciary.gov.ph
o LawPhil website - www.lawphil.net