MEDICAL/SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
COMMON :
 chest physiotherapy, postural drainage,
incentive spirometry, and high-low
nebulizer treatments
 Oxygen therapy with intubation and
mechanical ventilation, if needed
 Monitoring vital signs, ABG values, and
I/O
 Dietary recommendation: encourage
fluids
 Position: semi-Fowler’s (PROMOTE
LUNG EXPANSION)
 Activity: bed rest, active and passive
ROM
 Diet: high-carbohydrate, high-protein,
high-calorie
NURSING MANAGEMENT
COMMON :
 Administer oxygen
 Assess respiratory status
 Monitor and record vital signs, I/O,
laboratory studies, and pulse oximetry
 Administer medications as prescribed
 Monitor and record color, consistency,
and amount of sputum
 Keep the patient in semi- Fowler’s
position
 Use of negative pressure isolation room
 Use of Personal Protective Equipment
 Reposition the patient every 2 hours;
encourage coughing, deep breathing, and
use of incentive spirometry
 Maintain the patient’s diet
 Encourage fluids to 3-4 qt (3-4L)/day
 Administer I.V. fluids
 Test all stools for blood and report its
presence.
 Encourage the patient to express his
feelings about difficulty breathing
 Provide emotional support to allay the
patient’s anxiety
 Prevent spread of infection
 Provide oral hygiene
 Individualize home care instructions
 Know about the disorder and its
implications
 Follow instructions for medication use
and be aware of possible adverse effects
 Recognize the signs and symptoms of
respiratory infection
 Avoid exposure to people with infections
 Increase fluid intake 3L/day