SSS™ 1131

www.scc-inc.com
R E M A N U FA C T U R I N G I N S T R U C T I O N S

Lexmark® T650/52/54/56
Lexmark® X651/52/54/56/58 MFP
Ricoh®/IBM® InfoPrint® 1832/1852/1872/1892
Ricoh®/IBM® InfoPrint® 1850/1860/1870/1880 MFP
Dell® 5230/5350/5530/5535 MFP
Okidata® MB780/790
Sindoricoh® LP-5000
Sindoricoh® MF 4400/4500/5400/5500
Source Technologies® ST9630/9650 MICR

SSS™ 1131

Tools and Supplies.............................. 2

Wirelines: Hopper Assembly.................. 3
Wirelines: Waste Bin Assembly............. 4
Separating the Toner Hopper
and the Waste Bin............................. 5

Disassembly of the Toner Hopper........... 7

Assembly of the Toner Hopper. ........... 13
Disassembling the Waste Bin.............. 18
Assembling the Waste Bin................. 21
Assembly of the Cartridge.................. 25
Additional Information..................... 27

V.1.7 - 01.13
Tools & Supplies

• Phillips Screwdriver
• Small Phillips Screwdriver
• Slotted Screwdriver
Small
• Hook End Metal Tool (HTOOL) Phillips
Phillips Screwdriver Screwdriver
• Dry, Filtered, Compressed Air for Cleaning
• 91-99% Isopropyl Alcohol
• Cotton-Tipped Swab (QTIP)
• Angle Blade Knife Tool (ABKTOOL)
• Needle Nose Pliers Hook End
Slotted Screwdriver Metal Tool (HTOOL)
• Lint Free Foam Tipped Swab (LFSWAB)
• Lint Free Cleaning Cloth (LFCCLOTH)
• Cartridge Sealant (CSEALANT)
• 4059 Hopper Fixture (4059HJIG)
91-99%
• Wiper Blade End Foam Dry, Filtered, Isopropyl
Compressed Alcohol
(4059WBEFOAM-2 optional) Air for Cleaning
• Safety Glasses
• Powder-Free Gloves Angle Blade Knife
Tool (ABKTOOL)

Cotton-Tipped Swab (QTIP)

Lint Free Cleaning

Needle Nose Pliers  Lint Free Foam Tip Swab (LFSWAB) Cloth (LFCCLOTH)

optional
Cartridge 4059 Hopper Wiper Blade End
Sealant (CSEALANT) Fixture (4059HJIG) Foam (4059WBEFOAM-2)

Safety Glasses

SSS™ 1131 page 2

 Wirelines

Lexmark® T650 Hopper Assembly

Toner Hopper Core
Encoder
Wheel

Hopper Cap
Doctor Bar Seal-
ing Blade
Toner Adder
Roller Seal Contacts Gears
Toner Adder Roller Developer Roller Inner End Plate
Sealing Blade Toner Adder
Developer Roller Roller Gear
Locking Bearing
Developer
Developer Roller Roller Gear

Doctor Bar
(Stamped Shown)

Leaf
Spring
Doctor Bar
Retaining Tab
Doctor Bar
Developer Roller Retaining Tab
Cover

© 2011 Static Control Components, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. The stylized S is a registered trademark, and Static Control and Multi-Tracker are trademarks of Static Control Components, Inc. All other brand and product names are trademarks or
registered trademarks of their respective companies.

SSS 1131™
page 3
Wirelines

Lexmark® T650 Waste Bin Assembly

OPC Drum
OPC End Cap

OPC Drum
Spring OPC Locking
Bearing

Wiper Chip
Blade

OPC Drum Cartridge

Stabilizer Spring

Recovery
Blade

Waste Bin Core

Cartridge
Spring

© 2011 Static Control Components, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. The stylized S is a registered trademark, and Static Control and Multi-Tracker are trademarks of Static Control Components, Inc. All other brand and product names are trademarks or
registered trademarks of their respective companies.

SSS™ 1131 page 4

 Separating the Waste Bin and Toner Hopper
For Instructional purposes, a T650 (Low Yield, Non-Returnable, T650A21A) 2. Using a hook end metal tool or needle nose pliers, gently release
cartridge is shown. Use of non-powdered latex gloves recommended. the hopper tension springs from the posts on both sides of the toner
Please wear eye protection. hopper as shown in Figure 2a.

1. Place the cartridge on your work surface with the top of the cartridge Note: Do not overstretch or deform the springs. For easier
face down, the OPC facing up as shown in Figure 1. reassembly the springs can be hooked onto the existing
opening on the waste section as shown in Figure 2b.

Figure 1
Figure 2a

Figure 2b

SSS™ 1131 page 5

Separating the Waste Bin and Toner Hopper

3. Carefully pull the contact side of the waste bin away from the hopper 5. Once the hopper posts are no longer in the waste bin receptacles,
and lift the hopper so that the post is no longer in the waste bin separate the two sections. See Figure 5.
receptacle (Figure 3).

Post

Receptacle
Figure 3
Figure 5
4. On the gear side, repeat the process (Figure 4).

Post

Receptacle

Figure 4

page 6 SSS™ 1131

 Disassembly of the Toner Hopper
1. If present, remove the developer roller cover by releasing the locking 2. While keeping the feet of the leaf spring in place, gently press down
tab (Figure 6a), and sliding the cover toward the contact side as on the center of the spring to release from the spring seat as shown
shown in Figure 6b. in Figures 7a and 7b.

Note: Be careful not to let the leaf spring snap into the
developer roller. Also, be sure not to overbend the leaf
Locking Tab spring when removing it. If leaf spring is damaged it will
need to be replaced.

Spring Seat

Developer
Roller Cover
Figure 6a

Figure 7a

Foot Foot
Figure 6b

Figure 7b

SSS™ 1131 page 7

Disassembly of the Toner Hopper

3. Remove the doctor bar retaining tabs from each side of the toner
hopper as shown in Figure 8a and 8b.
Note: A slotted screwdriver may be needed to help pry the
retaining tabs from the toner hopper.
4. Remove the doctor bar from the toner hopper as shown in Figure 9a.
If reusing the doctor bar then clean using dry, filtered, compressed air
and wipe the working surface from the center outward with a lint free
cloth.

Slotted Screw- Doctor Bar Re-

driver taining Tab

Figure 9a

Figure 8a
Note: There are three different styles of doctor bars: steel
Slotted Screw- (Figure 9b), steel with foam (Figure 9c) and stamped
Doctor Bar Re- (Figure 9d). Mark the side of the bar that was facing
taining Tab driver outward for reference later if reusing the OEM steel
doctor bar.

Solid Steel
Figure 8b
(no foam) Figure 9b

Solid Steel
(with foam) Figure 9c

Stamped
Figure 9d

page 8 SSS™ 1131

 Disassembly of the Toner Hopper
5. Use a slotted screwdriver to rotate the developer roller contact 6. Using needle nose pliers, grasp the developer roller shaft on
bushing counterclockwise and slide away from the toner hopper as the contact side to prevent the roller from spinning while removing the
shown in Figure 10. Clean the bushing using a lint free cloth. developer roller gear (Figure 11a). Rotate the developer roller gear
clockwise by hand as shown in Figure 11b. Use a slotted screwdriver
to gently pry the developer roller gear off the developer roller shaft
Note: Some bushings are brass and others are plastic. Use (Figure 11c).
care not to damage or break the plastic version, they
can be very brittle.
Needle Nose
Slotted Pliers
Screwdriver

Developer Roller

Developer Roller Con- Figure 11a

tact Bushing Figure 10

Developer Roller

Developer Roller
Gear Figure 11b

Slotted Screw-
driver

Developer
Roller Gear

Figure 11c

SSS™ 1131 page 9

Disassembly of the Toner Hopper

7. Push down and away from the toner hopper on the contact side 8. Clean the developer roller with dry, filtered, compressed air and wipe
developer roller shaft, then slide the drive side developer roller shaft from the center outward using a lint free cloth (Figure 13).
out of the toner hopper (Figure 12a , Figure 12b).

Note: If needed, the roller can also be cleaned by first wiping

with a lint free cloth dampened with 91-99% isopropyl
Developer alcohol, then wiping with a lint free cloth dampened
with de-ionized water, then blown dry with dry, filtered,
Roller compressed air.

Warning: DO NOT touch the developer roller surface with your

bare hands.

Developer Roller Contact Figure 12a

Figure 13

9. Using a slotted screwdriver, gently pry the encoder wheel off by the
base of the wheel as shown in Figure 14.
Figure 12b

Slotted
Screwdriver

Encoder Wheel
Figure 14

page 10 SSS™ 1131

 Disassembly of the Toner Hopper

10. Using a slotted screwdriver, remove the hopper cap as shown in 12. Inspect the developer roller and doctor bar sealing blades (Noted in
Figure 15. Figure 17) for damage. Replace if necessary.

Slotted Doctor Bar

Screwdriver Sealing Blade

Developer Roller
Hopper Cap Figure 15 Sealing Blade Figure 17

11. Dump any remaining toner from the toner hopper and clean using dry, 13. Using a lint free foam tipped swab, clean toner from the developer
filtered, compressed air as shown in Figure 16. roller end seals at each end of the toner hopper as shown in Figures
18a and 18b.

Note: Thoroughly clean the toner adder roller. Rotate the toner
adder roller using the gears while blowing the roller Note: It is important to completely clean the developer roller
clean with dry, filtered, compressed air. end seals. This is important for a leak free cartridge.

Developer Roller
End Seal

Lint Free Foam

Tipped Swab

Figure 16 Figure 18a

Developer Roller
End Seal

Figure 18b

SSS™ 1131 page 11

Disassembly of the Toner Hopper

14. Using a cotton tipped swab dampened with 91-99% isopropyl alcohol,
clean the toner hopper contacts noted in Figure 19.

Cotton
Tipped
Contacts Swab

Figure 19

page 12 SSS™ 1131

 Assembly of the Toner Hopper
1. Using a lint free tipped swab, apply a thin coat of cartridge sealant 2. Insert the “T” shaped end of the developer roller shaft (Figure 21a)
to the left and right developer roller end seals and the seal walls as into the drive side of the toner hopper, then insert the contact side of
shown in Figure 20a and 20b. the developer roller shaft into the contact side of the toner hopper as
shown in Figure 21b.

Note: Too much sealant will cause print defects and

cause premature cartridge failure, too little will
allow toner to leak. “T” End

Developer Roller
End Seal
Figure 21a

Figure 20a
“T” End

Lint Free
Swab with Figure 21b
Developer Roller Cartridge Sealant
End Seal
Figure 20b 3. Slide the developer roller gear onto the drive side of the developer
roller shaft as shown in Figure 22. Be sure that the gear is completely
slid on to the shaft. The gear may need to be rotated to be
completely seated.

Developer Seated Gear

Roller Figure 22

SSS™ 1131 page 13

Assembly of the Toner Hopper

4. Using needle nose pliers, grasp the developer roller shaft on the 5. Install the developer roller contact bushing and rotate it clockwise
contact side to prevent the roller from spinning (Figure 23a). Rotate to lock in place (a slotted screwdriver may be needed as shown
the developer roller gear counterclockwise by hand until it is locked in Figure 24). Ensure that the developer roller bushing is making good
on to the developer roller shaft as shown in Figure 23b. contact with the developer roller contact on the toner hopper.

Needle Nose
Slotted
Pliers
Screwdriver

Developer Roller
Developer Roller Contact Bushing
Developer
Figure 23a Roller Contact
Figure 24

Developer Roller

Developer Roller
Gear Figure 23b

page 14 SSS™ 1131

 Assembly of the Toner Hopper

6. Install the doctor bar into the toner hopper as shown in Figure 25a. 7. Install the left and right doctor bar retaining tabs as shown in Figures
Make sure the working edge (dull finish) is facing the direction of the 26a and 26b.
developer roller. See Figures 25b, 25c and 25d for clarification.

Retaining Tab

Figure 26a
Figure 25a

Retaining Tab
Note: If reusing the OEM steel doctor bar without the foam
on the back, make sure the side marked earlier is now
facing inward. This rotates the bar to a new working
surface. The leaf spring foot retention pads will need
to be moved to the other side of the doctor bar (Figure
25b). The OEM “stamped” doctor bar (Figure 25c) and
the doctor bar with the foam on the back (Figure 25d)
cannot be rotated.

Figure 26b

Leaf Spring Foot 8. Confirm the doctor bar contacts are touching the doctor
Retention Pads bar (Figure 27).

Confirm
Contact
Figure 25b

Solid Steel
Figure 27
(with foam) Figure 25c

Stamped
Figure 25d
SSS™ 1131 page 15
Assembly of the Toner Hopper

9. First, orient the leaf spring. The “V” on the spring should 11. To install the developer roller cover, begin by sliding the cover pin
point toward you with the number upright as shown in Figures into the doctor bar retaining tab (engaging the locking tab) as shown
28a and 28b. in Figure 30a. Continue to slide the cover on until it slides onto the
doctor bar retaining tab on the contact side (Figure 30b).

Locking Tab

Fig. 28b Slide On

Pin

Figure 28a

10. While holding each end of the leaf spring, insert the center bend into Figure 30a
the plastic seat on the toner hopper as shown in Figure 29a. Using
minimal pressure, push up on the leaf spring feet until they can be
positioned onto the top of the doctor bar as shown in Figure 29b.

Slide On

Figure 30b

Figure 29a 12. Rotate the developer roller drive gear counterclockwise 2-3 rotations
to smooth out the cartridge sealant added earlier and create a
complete seal.

Leaf Spring Feet on Note: Cartridge sealant should be present on each end of
Rention Pads the developer roller, but out of the paper path after this
step. If no thin coating of sealant is present, leaking may
occur.

Figure 29b

page 16 SSS™ 1131

 Assembly of the Toner Hopper

13. Fill the toner hopper with approved toner as shown in Figure 31.
Note: Overfilling the toner hopper can cause premature “Toner
Low” and/or cartridge failure.
15. To install the encoder wheel, align the key of the axle with the
key in the base of the wheel and push the encoder wheel onto
the toner agitator paddle axle. Press on the center of the wheel to
ensure the wheel is completely seated (Figure 33)

Figure 33
Figure 31

14. Install the hopper cap as shown in Figure 32.

Figure 32

SSS™ 1131 page 17

 Disassembling the Waste Bin
1. Using a small Phillips screwdriver, remove the two screws from the
gear side OPC shaft bearing and remove the bearing from the waste
bin as shown in Figure 34a.
Note: A slotted screwdriver may be needed to help pry the
bearing away from the waste section (Figure 34b).
2. Note the tabs on the hub side OPC locking bearing and the openings
on the waste bin (Figure 35a). Using a slotted screwdriver, rotate the
hub side OPC locking bearing counterclockwise until the tabs on
the bearing line up with the openings on the waste bin as shown
in Figure 35b.

Tabs

Openings

Screws

Drum
Figure 35a
Figure 34a

Plate
Slotted Screw-
driver

Figure 35b
Figure 34b

page 18 SSS™ 1131

 Disassembling the Waste Bin

3. Using a slotted screwdriver, pry between the OPC hub and the OPC 5. Remove the torsion spring from the OPC drum by rotating the spring
locking bearing until the OPC end cap and shaft bearing slide off the arm clockwise while pulling it from the OPC gear (Figure 38).
OPC shaft (Figure 36).

Spring
Slotted Arm
Screwdriver

Drum Hub
Waste Bin

Figure 38
Figure 36

6. Remove the screws from each end of the wiper blade as shown in
4. Remove the OPC from the waste bin by first removing the hub side Figure 39.
(Figure 37a) then sliding the OPC gear side from the waste section as
shown in Figure 37b.
Screws

Figure 39
Figure 37a
7. Turn the waste section over and, using an angle blade knife, cut
through the thin foam between the wiper blade and the waste bin as
shown in Figure 40.

Angle Blade Knife

Figure 37b
Foam
Figure 40

SSS™ 1131 page 19

Disassembling the Waste Bin

8. Turn the waste bin on end, hold the laser port shutter open and 9. Dump remaining toner from the waste section and clean using dry,
remove the wiper blade as shown in Figure 41a. Be careful not to filtered, compressed air as shown in Figure 42.
damage the wiper blade contacts (noted in Figure 41b).

Note: Waste toner may be melted in the bottom of the

Note: While removing the wiper blade, it may be possible that waste bin. Using a slotted screwdriver, lightly scrape
the wiper blade end foams (noted in Figure 41b) are until all toner is loose and can be removed using
removed as well. If they are damaged, replace them, compressed air.
otherwise reinstall them into the waste section.

Laser Port
Shutter

Wiper Blade Figure 41a

Figure 42

10. Inspect the recovery blade for damage. If the recovery blade is
damaged (showing signs of wear or torn), then it should be replaced.

Wiper Blade Wiper Blade

Contacts Foams

Figure 41b

page 20 SSS™ 1131

 Assembling the Waste Bin
1. Dip the working edge of the wiper blade in qualified toner 2. Position the waste bin on end. Open the laser port shutter and set the
before installing it in the waste bin. Ensure even coverage. wiper blade in place as shown in Figure 44a and Figure 44b. Ensure
See Figure 43. that the wiper blade contacts are on top of the wiper blade and are
making good contact with the wiper blade as shown in Figure 44c.

Figure 43 Wiper Blade

Figure 44a

Wiper
Blade
under
Contacts

Figure 44b

Wiper Blade
Contacts

Figure 44c

SSS™ 1131 page 21

Assembling the Waste Bin

3. Secure the wiper blade using two screws as shown in Figure 45. 5. Position the waste bin on your work surface as shown
in Figure 47.

Screws

Figure 45
Figure 47

4. Install the torsion spring onto the new OPC by carefully twisting
clockwise and pushing on to the hub of the OPC gear as shown in 6. Before installing the OPC drum, note the spring arm recess
Figure 46. in Figure 48.

Spring Spring Arm

Arm Recess

Figure 46 Figure 48

page 22 SSS™ 1131

 Assembling the Waste Bin

7. To install the OPC drum, first insert the OPC’s gear side axle into the
waste bin as shown in Figure 49a (make sure the torsion spring’s arm
is in the recess) then slide the hub side of the OPC into the waste bin
as shown in Figure 49b.
Axle
OPC Drum - A
Installation Instruction
9. Place the locking bearing that is included with the Static Control
OPC drum, onto the hub side of the OPC drum (Figure 51a). Using
a slotted screwdriver, rotate the locking bearing clockwise until it is
securely locked into place on the waste bin (Figure 51b).

Waste Bin
OPC Drum

Spring Arm
Locking Bear-
ing
Figure 49a
Figure
51a

Figure 49b Locking Bear-

Slotted ing
Figure
Screwdriver
8. SCC offers two different OPC drums. See Figure 50 to determine
which OPC drum is being installed. For OPC drum A installation go to
51b
step 9. For OPC drum B installation instructions see steps 10 - 11.

Note: The OEM hub side OPC end cap and OPC locking
bearing is not needed for installation of OPC drum A.
OPC Drum - A

OPC Drum - B

Figure 50

SSS™ 1131 page 23

Assembling the Waste Bin

OPC Drum - B 12. For both OPC A and B, install the gear side OPC shaft bearing on to
the waste bin using two small screws as shown in Figure 54.
Installation Instruction
10. Place the OEM locking bearing onto the hub side of the OPC drum
(Figure 52a). Using a slotted screwdriver, rotate the locking bearing
clockwise until it is locked into place on the waste bin (Figure 52b).

Locking Bear- Figure

ing 54

Figure 13. Without touching the OPC’s coated surface, place fingers on the gear
52a and hub side of the OPC drum and rotate at least three full rotations
to lubricate the drum (Figure 55).

Note: Verify free rotation of the OPC before moving on to

the next step. Be careful not to get any finger prints or
smudges on the OPC when rotating it.

Locking Bear-
Slotted ing
Figure
Screwdriver
52b

11. Press the OPC end cap that is included with the Static Control OPC
drum onto the end of the OPC shaft as shown in Figure 53.

Figure 55

End
Cap

Figure
53
Note: The OEM OPC drum end cap is not needed for
installation of OPC drum - B.

page 24 SSS™ 1131

 Assembling the Cartridge
1. Position the waste bin on your work surface with the drum facing up 3. Being careful not to scratch the OPC, install the drive side toner
as shown in Figure 56. hopper stabilizer post into the receptacle in the waste bin by carefully
pulling outward on the waste bin as shown in Figure 58.

Post

Receptacle

Figure 56
Figure 58
2. Set the toner hopper onto the waste bin, aligning the
posts (Figure 57). 4. Install the contact side toner hopper stabilizer post into the receptacle
in the waste bin by carefully pulling outward
on the waste bin as shown in Figure 59.

Post

Receptacle
Figure 59
Figure 57

SSS™ 1131 page 25

Assembly of the Cartridge

5. Using a hook-end metal tool or needle nose pliers, attach the tension
springs to the spring posts on each side of the toner hopper as shown
in Figure 60.

Note: Be careful not to over stretch the tension springs. If one

or both are over stretched then replace both springs.

Figure 60

Note: Refer to SSS™ 1135 for chip installation instructions.

page 26 SSS™ 1131

 Additional Information
Use of Compressed Air
As of April 28, 1971, the Occupational Safety & Health Administration
(OSHA) Standard, 29 CFR 1910.242 paragraphs a & b for general industry
requires effective chip guarding and personal protective equipment (PPE)
when using compressed air. When cleaning residual toner particles from
cartridges using a compressed air system, you must use air nozzles
meeting OSHA requirements. Air nozzles that regulate air pressure to
a maximum of 30 psi comply with this standard. Refer to the OSHA
publication for any updates or changes that have occurred since the
date noted above.
Use of Isopropyl Alcohol
For best results 91-99% isopropyl alcohol should be used for cleaning
as directed in this instruction. 91% isopropyl alcohol is available at
most major drug stores; 99% isopropyl alcohol is available through
distributors of chemical products. Follow the alcohol manufacturer’s
safety instructions.
Illustrations
The illustrations and photos in this document might differ slightly from your
cartridge. Every effort is made to include the most up to date photos and
illustrations at the time of printing. However, the OEM may make changes
which were not available at the time of printing.
Safety Information
• Always wear eye protection while operating
power tools.
• A
 lways wear eye protection and protective clothing while working with
toner and or other chemicals.
• D
 o not swallow or ingest toner, isopropyl alcohol, toner dust, or any
chemicals or materials used in the process of remanufacturing.

SSS™ 1131 page 27

 DEDICATION TO TRAINING

In order to produce consistent high quality prints that are virtually indistinguishable from the OEM, it
is essential to follow Static Control’s remanufacturing instructions exactly as directed. Static Control
is dedicated to informing customers of the latest innovations in training and knowledge. Access
to these instructions, our technical support staff and View on Demand Webinars is available to all
customers in good standing.

ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHICALLY MATCHED COMPONENTS

We provide these critical components that have been electrophotographically matched for use in
remanufactured toner cartridges. It is vital that the critical components be replaced as a system
to ensure consistent high quality performance. We provide additional components such as felts,
foams and recovery blades, should you decide they are necessary. Using Static Control’s system
of components allows you to use less expensive non-virgin cartridges and create remanufactured
cartridges that provide high quality prints virtually indistinguishable from the OEM.

INDUSTRY LEADER

Static Control is the global leader in aftermarket imaging and remanufacturing technology. Offices
are located worldwide and all research, development, manufacturing and engineering takes place
at their Sanford, North Carolina, USA world headquarters. Currently, Static Control manufactures
in-house over 10,000 imaging products and supplies over 14,000 imaging products to the
aftermarket industry.

Static Control Components (USA - World Headquarters)
3010 Lee Avenue PO Box 152 Sanford, NC 27331
US/Canada Tel: +1 800.488.2426 • Fax: +1 800.488.2452
Int’l Tel: +1 919.774.3808 • Fax: +1 919.774.1287
Email: info@scc-inc.com
Static Control Components (Europe) Limited
Unit 30, Worton Grange
Reading, Berkshire RG2 0TG, United Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0) 118.923.8800 Fax: +44 (0) 118.923.8811
Email: info@scceurope.co.uk

Static Control (Hong Kong) Limited Static Control (Johannesburg) Limited

Unit 2602-03, 26F Tower II, Metroplaza The Warehouse, Unit 1&2 - Corner of Deodar Road &
223 Hing Fong Road, Kwai Fong, Hong Kong Constantia Avenue, Pomona 1619 PO Box 7288
Tel: +852.2427.6011 Fax: +852.2427.6677 Bonaero Park 1622, South Africa
Email: info@scchongkong.hk Tel: +27.11.570.2300 Fax: +27.11.973.2130
Email: info@sccafrica.co.za

© Static Control Components, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. The stylized S, Static Control and Odyssey are registered trademarks of Static Control Components,
Inc. All other brand or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.