INSIGHT

Year 12 Trial Exam Paper

2013
MATHEMATICAL
METHODS (CAS)
Written examination 1

Solutions book
This book presents:

 correct solutions with full working

 explanatory notes
 mark allocations
 tips and guidelines.

This trial examination produced by Insight Publications is NOT an official VCAA paper for the 2013
Mathematical Methods CAS Written examination 1.
This examination paper is licensed to be printed, photocopied or placed on the school intranet and used only within
the confines of the purchasing school for examining their students. No trial examination or part thereof may be
issued or passed on to any other party including other schools, practising or non-practising teachers, tutors,
parents, websites or publishing agencies without the written consent of Insight Publications.
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 2

Question 1a.
Worked solution
Using the chain rule gives

1
dy 1 
 (1  e 2 x ) 2 2e 2 x
dx 2
e2 x

1  e2 x

Mark allocation
 1 mark for the correct answer.

Question 1b.
Worked solution
Need to use the quotient rule.

cos( x).1  x.( sin( x)) cos( x)  x sin( x)

This gives f ( x)  
(cos( x)) 2 cos 2 ( x)

1 0
Evaluating at x   , gives f ( )   1 .
1

Mark allocation: 2 marks

 1 mark for the correct derivative f (x) .
 1 mark for the correct answer.

Tip
 Remember to re-read the question before moving on. Many students
differentiate correctly but then forget to evaluate.

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 3

Question 1c.
Worked solution
10
 4
f ( x ) dx  3, gives F (10)  F (4)  3 , where F(x) is the antiderivative of f.
1
 F (3x  1)13
3
 1
f (3x  1) dx 
3
1
 ( F (10)  F (4))
3
1
 (3) from above
3
1

Mark allocation: 2 marks

1
 1 mark for recognising  f (3x  1) dx  3 F (3x  1) .
 1 mark for the correct answer.

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 4

Question 2
Worked solution
To have no solution implies the two lines are parallel. Therefore, they have the same gradient
but different y-intercept value.

Rearranging the lines gives

a a
2 y  ax  a  y  x
2 2

and y  5 x  7

a a
So  5, a  10 and  7, a  14 .
2 2
 a  10 .

An alternative solution involves using matrices and calculating the determinant.

 a 2 
Let A   
5 1 
det A  ad  bc  a  10
Let det A  0  a  10  0
So a  10

Check:
This gives 10 x  2 y  10 or 5 x  y  5
5x  y  7
So lines are parallel, therefore no solution.

Mark allocation: 2 marks

 1 mark for equating gradients or forming the determinant.
 1 mark for the correct answer.

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 5

Question 3a.
Worked solution
Amplitude is 3 and the graph has been shifted up 3 units; therefore, the range is 3  3  [0, 6].
2
Period is  2.


Mark allocation: 2 marks

 1 mark for the range.
 1 mark for the period.

Question 3b.
Worked solution

Mark allocation: 2 marks

 1 mark for showing two cycles.
 1 mark for all correctly labelled axes intercepts and endpoints.

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 6

Question 4a.
Worked solution
1
The graph of y  f ( x) is the reflection of the graph of y  f (x) in the line y  x .

Mark allocation: 2 marks

 1 mark for correct shape of the graph.
 1 mark for intercepts correctly labelled as coordinates.

Question 4b.
Worked solution
Interchange x and y to give

x  3 y  4
x
  y4
3
x2
 y4
9
x2
y 4
9
x2
So f 1 ( x )  4
9

Mark allocation: 2 marks

 1 mark for swapping x and y.
 1 mark for rule written correctly as f 1 ( x) .

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 7

Question 4c.
Worked solution
The domain of the inverse is equal to the range of the original.
The range of f is (, 0] .
Therefore, the domain of f 1 is (, 0] .

Mark allocation
 1 mark for the correct answer.

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 8

Question 5
Worked solution
dh dV dh dV
  , where  6 cm3 min 1
dt dt dV dt

dh
will need to be found by developing a relationship between h and V .
dV

1
For a cone, V   r 2 h.
3
For this cone, the following pair of similar triangles applies.

r h 3h
This gives  , so r  .
15 40 8

3 h 3
2
1 1  3h 
For a cone V   r 2 h , so for this cone V     h  .
3 3  8  64

d V 9 h 2 dh 64
So  and  .
dh 64 d V 9 h 2

dh 64
Therefore,   6 , where at a height of 10 cm
d t 9 h 2
dh 64
 6
d t 900 
64 32
  cm min 1
150 75

Mark allocation: 3 marks

 1 mark for setting up rate equation.
 1 mark for obtaining relationship between h and r.
 1 mark for the correct answer.

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 9

Question 6a.
Worked solution
The function f (x) can be written as a hybrid. This gives

 x 2  6 x  5, x  0
f ( x)   2
 x  6 x  5, x  0

Although the function is continuous at x  0, it is not smooth and therefore not

differentiable at x  0.

So the function is differentiable for x  R \ 0 .

Mark allocation
 1 mark for the correct answer.

Question 6b.
Worked solution
Using the hybrid form of the function, the derivative is

2 x  6, x  0
f ( x)  
2 x  6, x  0

Mark allocation: 2 marks

 1 mark for writing answer as a hybrid function.
 1 mark for giving correct derivative.

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 10

Question 7
Worked solution
2
The period of the graph is , therefore the x-intercepts of the graph occur
3
 3 
at and  .
6 6 2

 
5
One-third of the shaded area is given by  0
6 k cos(3 x ) dx, so 06 k cos(3x ) dx 
3
.

 06 k cos(3x ) dx

1 6
 k  sin(3x ) 
3 0
k      
  sin     sin(0) 
3   2   
k

3

k 5
  , k  5
3 3

Mark allocation: 3 marks

 1 mark for determining at least one x-intercept.
 1 mark for obtaining the correct antiderivative of k cos (3x ).
 1 mark for the correct answer.

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 11

Question 8
Worked solution
The transition matrix representing this situation is

Ci Li
Ci  1  0.3 0.6 
Li  1 0.7 0.4 

So having cola on the Wednesday could come from two cases, LLC or LCC.

Pr ( LLC )  Pr ( LCC )
 1  0.4  0.6  1  0.6  0.3
 0.24  0.18
 0.42

Mark allocation: 3 marks

 1 mark for identifying other probabilities or writing the transition matrix.
 1 mark for identifying the two cases.
 1 mark for the correct answer.

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 12

Question 9a.
Worked solution
The value of c will be one standard deviation below the mean of X. So c  64.
c  72
Alternatively,  1 , c  64.
8

Mark allocation
 1 mark for the correct answer.

Question 9b.
Worked solution
Since 56 is two standard deviations below the mean of X, then d will be an equivalent value;
that is, two standard deviations above the mean of Z. Hence, d = 2.
Alternatively,
56  72
Pr ( X  56)  Pr ( Z  )
8
 Pr ( Z  2)
 Pr ( Z  2)
 d 2
Mark allocation
 1 mark for the correct answer.

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 13

Question 10a.
Worked solution
To be a probability density function, the area under the graph must equal 1.

So
5 kx
1 12
dx
5
 x2 
k 
 24  1
 25   1  
 k      
 24   24  
 k 1
k

Since the area under the curve equals k, then k  1 .

Mark allocation: 2 marks

 1 mark for setting up the integral to equal 1.
 1 mark for obtaining correct antiderivative, leading to result of k.

Question 10b.
Worked solution
Pr( X  2  X  3)
Pr( X  2 | X  3) 
Pr( X  3)
Pr( X  2)

Pr( X  3)
2
 x2 
 
 24  1
 3
 x2 
 
 24  1
3
3
 24 
8 8
24

Mark allocation: 3 marks

 1 mark for setting up a conditional probability.
 1 mark for evaluating integrals correctly.
 1 mark for the correct answer.

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 14

Question 11a.
Worked solution
b4 b4
The gradient of PB   .
03 3
40 4
The gradient of AP   .
3a 3a

As the gradients are equal, then

4 b4

3 a 3
12
b4 
3 a
12 4a
b 4
3 a a3

Mark allocation: 2 marks

 1 mark for obtaining gradients of PB and AP correctly.
 1 mark for equating the gradients and working to give the required answer.

Question 11b.
Worked solution
1
Area of the triangle is  base × height.
2
1
A a b
2
1 4a
 a
2 a3
2
2a

a3

Mark allocation
 1 mark for the correct answer.

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 15

Question 11c.
Worked solution
dA
Minimum area occurs when 0.
da
Using the quotient rule gives
dA (a  3)4a  2a 2 .1 4a 2  12a  2a 2 2a 2  12a
  
da (a  3) 2 (a  3) 2 (a  3) 2

So
2a 2  12a  0
2a ( a  6)  0
So a  0 or a  6.

Therefore, the minimum area occurs when a  6 .

Mark allocation: 2 marks

dA
 1 mark for using the quotient rule and setting  0.
da
 1 mark for the correct answer.

END OF SOLUTIONS BOOK

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