Rankine Cycle

Rankine Cycle (Two-phase Power

Cycle)

Simple steam power plant which

1-2: Reversible adiabatic pumping (pump)
2-3: Constant pressure heat addition (boiler)
3-4: Reversible adiabatic expansion (turbine)
4-1: Constant pressure heat rejection (condenser)

Heat and work may be represented by various areas

in the T-s diagram. PE and KE negligible.

Carnot Cycle;
Pumping of two-phase mixture – difficult !!
Superheating at dropping pressure – difficult !!

-> R ankine cycle is the ideal cycle that can be

approximated in practice
Rankine Cycle
 Qin
1
1
W net= 100 mW

8 MPa
T
2 4

Qout
3 8 kPa 2

4
3
W in
s
x T (oC) P (MPa) v (m3/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kg-K)
1 480 8 3348.4 6.6586
2 0.7944 0.008 2082.9 6.6586

3 0 0.008 0.0010084 173.88

4 8 181.94

Steam enters an ideal rankine cycle at 480 oC and 8 MPa and exits the turbine at
8kPa. The fluid leaving the condenser is saturated water. The cycle produces a net
work of 100 MW. Analyze
Stream Actual Energy Percent
1 – h In 3230.9 99.61
1 – KE in 12.8 0.39
Total In 3243.7 100
2 – h out 2676.1 82.50
2 – KE out 5 0.15
Q 22.6 0.70
W 540 16.65
Total - Out 3243.7 100
 KE 2
KE 1
W

h1 h2

Qlost
Stream Actual Energy Percent
Energy 562.6 100
Change 1-2

Q 22.6 4.02
W 540 95.98
Total - Out 562.6 100
 W
DE

Qlost
Stream Actual Energy Percent
1 – h In 298.18 56.45
1 – Wc in 230 43.55
Total In 528.18 100
2 – h out 434.48 82.25
Q 93.69 17.74
Total - Out 528.18 100
Stream Actual Energy Percent
Wc in 230 43.55
Total In 528.18 100
h change 136.31 59.27
Q 93.69 40.73
Total - Out 230 100
 Qin
1
1
W net= 100 mW

8 MPa
T
2 4

Qout
3 8 kPa 2

4
3
W in
s
x T (oC) P (MPa) v (m3/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kg-K)
1 480 8 3348.4 6.6586
2 0.7944 0.008 2082.9 6.6586

3 0 0.008 0.0010084 173.88

4 8 181.94

Steam enters an ideal rankine cycle at 480 oC and 8 MPa and exits the turbine at
8kPa. The fluid leaving the condenser is saturated water. The cycle produces a net
work of 100 MW. Analyze
 Wnet = mdot[(h1-h2)-(h4-h3)] mdot=79.53 kg/s

Qin = mdot(h1-h4) = 251818 kJ Qout = mdot(h2-h3) = 151818 kJ

Qin
1
W net= 100 mW

Win

2
641

Qout
Wout Wnet
Qin 4
100641 3
100000
H1-H4
251818
251818
H2-H4 OUT = 251818 kJ Wnet
Qout
151177 100000
151818
Qin
641 251818 Qout
151818
H3-H4
 Win

641
Wout Wnet
100641
100000
Qin H1-H4
251818 251818
H2-H4 OUT = 251818 kJ
Qout
151177
151818

641

H3-H4
 Wnet
100000
Qin
251818

Qout
151818