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NYERI KEPALA PADA ANAK DAN

REMAJA

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Headaches in Children

Common complaint in pediatric population.

All age groups.

Teenagers/Adolescents.

<2 years: uncertain diagnosis.

Prevalence:

7 years old: 35‐50%

15 years old: 60‐80%

Challenging diagnosis in young children.

Limited verbal, language abilities.

Poor localization, quality.

Non‐specific complaint.

Pain rating scale: not helpful.

Associated with other illnesses.

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Impact

Physical

Emotional: stress, anxiety, anger.

Social: parents, employments.

Academic: absenteeism, grades.

Financial: medications, jobs.

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Categories

Vascular
migrain

Musculosceletal
Tension type

Organic
tumor, malformation,
encepalophaty

Psikogenic
depression, conversion

Others
inflammation, arthritis, neuralgia

Common Headache
Mechanisms

Inflammation

Vasodilation.

Displacement.

Traction.

Stretch.

Prolonged muscle contractions.

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Common Clinical Headache

Patterns

Acute Recurrent: migraines

Acute Generalized: systemic illnesses

Acute Localized: OM, sinusitis, trauma

Chronic Progressive: masses, hemorrhage

Chronic Non‐progressive: depression, anxiety

Evaluation of Headaches

Onset: new or chronic

Location

Quality

Frequency

Duration

Pattern

Triggering factors

Function

Severity

Impact

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Umumnya tidak memerlukan uji diagnostik

Kronis dan diagnosis meragukan

pencitraan untuk menyingkirkan kelainan
organik (CT Scan, MRI)

EEG :

Migren klasik : paling sering ditemukan adanya
fokus gelombang lambat di daerah temporal

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SELESAI
TERIMA KASIH

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