PHYSICAL SCIENCE

Physical science, the systematic study of the inorganic

world, as distinct from the study of the organic world, which
is the province of biological science. Physical science is
ordinarily thought of as consisting of four broad
areas: astronomy, physics, chemistry, and the Earth
sciences. Each of these is in turn divided into fields and
subfield

BRANCHES OF
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Anthology: this is the science that deals with the
study of flowers.

Araneology: the branch of science that deals with the

study of spiders.
Anatomy: The science of the shape and structure of
organisms and their parts.
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Physical science is a branch of
natural science that studies non-living
systems, in contrast to life science. It in turn
has many branches, each referred to as a
"physical science", together called the
"physical sciences".

BRANCHES OF PHYSICAL
SCIENCE .

Chemistry - Matter, what it is made of and how it

reacts.
Astronomy - Study of universe or totality of matter,
energy, space and time.
Meteorology - Atmospheric study including
everythinfrom the Earth's surface to the end of the
Earth's atmosphere.
Geology - Study of the Earth including its history
and composition
BIG BANG THEORY
IS the prevailing cosmological model for the universe[1] from
the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale
evolution.[2][3][4] The model describes how the
universe expanded from a very high-density and high-temperature
state,[5][6]and offers a comprehensive explanation for a broad range
of phenomena, including the abundance of light elements,
the cosmic microwave background (CMB), large scale
structure and Hubble's law.[7]
BIG BANG THEORY
The Big Bang Theory is the leading explanation
about how the universe began. At its simplest, it
says the universe as we know it started with a
small singularity, then inflated over the next 13.8
billion years to the cosmos that we know today
THE ORIGIN OF
ELEMENT
Immediately after its formation, it began to expand and
cool. The radiant energy produced quark-antiquarks
and electron-positrons, and other particle-antiparticle
pairs
THE ORIGIN OF
ELEMENT
It spans an enormous range in distances and time
scales. It joins astronomers at telescopes on
mountains with physicists in accelerators
underground
THE FORMATION OF LIGHT
AND HEAVY ELEMENT
Through Nuclear Fusion, the light
elements- Hydrogen (H), Helium
(He), and small amounts of lithium
(Li) and beryllium (Be) were formed.
THE FORMATION OF LIGHT
AND HEAVY ELEMENT
The formation of heavy elements
by fusion of lighter nuclei in the
interior of stars is called “stellar
nucleosynthesis”.
NUCLEAR FUSHION
REACTION
Fusion is the process by which the sun and other stars generate
light and heat. It is a nuclear process, where energy is produced by
smashing together light atoms. It is the
opposite reaction to fission, where heavy isotopes are split apart.
NUCLEAR FUSHION
REACTION
In nuclear physics, nuclear fusion is a reaction in
which two or more atomic nuclei are combined
to form one or more different atomic nuclei and
subatomic particles (neutrons or protons).
 THE IDEA OF ANCIENT
GREEKS ON THE ELEMENT
AND ATOM
The idea that these four elements – earth, water, air, and
fire – made up all matter was the cornerstone of
philosophy, science, and medicine for two thousand years.
ATOM- Atom These thinkers held that, in addition to being too
small to be seen, unchangeable, and indestructible, atoms were
also completely solid, with no internal structure, and came in
an infinite variety of shapes and sizes,
THE IDEA OF ANCIENT GREEKS
ON THE ELEMENT AND ATOM
ELEMENTS- Although the Greeks believed that the four
elements were unchanging in nature, everything was made up
of different elements,
ATOM-is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the
properties of a chemical element. Every solid, liquid, gas,
and plasmais composed of neutral or ionized atoms. Atoms are
extremely small; typical sizes are around 100 picometers (a ten-
billionth of a meter, in the short scale).
 THE CONTRIBUTION OF
ALCHEMIST TO THE SCIENCE
CHEMISRTY
 THE CONTRIBUTION OF
ALCHEMIST TO THE SCIENCE
CHEMISRTY
THE DISCOVERY OF THE STRUCTURE OF
THE ATOM AND ITS SUB-ATOMIC
PARTICLES
Subatomic particles are particles smaller than an atom: they
may be elementary or composite. Both particle and nuclear
physics have been experimenting, researching on these
miniscule subjects.
 THE DISCOVERY OF THE STRUCTURE OF
THE ATOM AND ITS SUB-ATOMIC
PARTICLES
The limitations of Dalton’s atomic model to explain
certain observations formed the base for the discovery of
electrons and protons. Further investigations revealed the
existence of neutrons. The components of atoms are called
subatomic particles.
 THE CONTRIBUTION AND THE
WAVE MODEL TO THE
UNDERSTANDING OF THE ATOM
Erwin Schrödinger- an Austrian physicist, took the Bohr atom model one step further. Schrödinger
used mathematical equations to describe the likelihood of finding an electron in a certain position
Bohr -model, the quantum mechanical model does not define the exact path of an electron, but
rather, predicts the odds of the location of the electron. This model can be portrayed as a nucleus
surrounded by an electron cloud.
Schrödinger -combined the equations for the behavior of waves with the de Broglie equation to
generate a mathematical model for the distribution of electrons in an atom

Jj Thomson bohr model schrodinger

 THE CONTRIBUTION AND THE
WAVE MODEL TO THE
UNDERSTANDING OF THE ATOM
Bohr -model, the quantum mechanical model does not define the exact path of an electron, but
rather, predicts the odds of the location of the electron. This model can be portrayed as a nucleus
surrounded by an electron cloud.
Schrödinger -combined the equations for the behavior of waves with the de Broglie equation to
generate a mathematical model for the distribution of electrons in an atom
Erwin Schrödinger- an Austrian physicist, took the Bohr atom model one step further. Schrödinger
used mathematical equations to describe the likelihood of finding an electron in a certain position
 THE CONCEPT OF ATOMIC NUMBER TO
THE SYNTHESIS OF NEW ELEMENTS
Law of octaves, in chemistry, the generalization made by the English
chemist J.A.R. Newlands in 1865 that, if the chemical elements are
arranged according to increasing atomic weight, those with similar
physical and chemical properties occur after each interval of seven
elements.
PERIODICITY- the quality or character of being periodic; the tendency
to recur at intervals.
 THE CONCEPT OF ATOMIC NUMBER TO
THE SYNTHESIS OF NEW ELEMENTS
LAW OF OCTAVES Newlands was one of the first to detect a periodic pattern in
the properties of the elements and anticipated later developments of the
periodic law

PERIODICITY- Periodicity refers to the recurring trends that are

seen in the element properties
 POLARITY MOLECULES
polarity is a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule
or its chemical groups having an electric dipole moment, with
a negatively charged end and a positively charged end.

POLARITY RELATED TO PROPERTIES OF MOLECULES

Polarity is a physical property of compounds whichrelates other
physical properties such as melting and boiling points,
solubility, and intermolecular interactions between molecules.
 POLARITY MOLECULES
Polar molecules must containpolar bonds
due to a difference in electronegativity between
the bonded atoms.

POLARITY RELATED TO PROPERTIES OF MOLECULES

A molecule may be polar either as a result of an asymmetric
arrangement of polarbonds or as a result