Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
12/333357/TK/39738
3.25
A scheme for findind the internal volume VtB of a gas cyilinder consists of the following
steps. The cylunder is filled with a gas to a low pressure P1, and connected through a small
line and valve to an evacuated reference tank of known volume VtA. The valve is opened,
and gas flows through the line into the refference tank. After the system returns to its
initial temperature, a sensitive pressure transducer provides a value for the pressure
change ΔP in the cylinder. Determine the cylinder volume VtB from the following data:
VtA = 256 cm3
ΔP/P1 = -0.0639
Jawab:
VtB = ?
Silinder B dihitung volumenya dengan cara silinder diisi gas bertekanan P1, kemudian gas
dari silinder B dialirkan ke silinder A. Perbedaan tekanan keduanya didapat sebesar ΔP
𝑃1 𝑉 𝑡 𝐵 = 𝑃2 (𝑉 𝑡 𝐴 + 𝑉 𝑡 𝐵)
𝑉𝑡𝐵 𝛥𝑃
𝑡 𝑡
= +1
𝑉 𝐴+ 𝑉 𝐵 𝑃1
𝑉𝑡𝐵
= −0,0639 + 1
256 + 𝑉 𝑡 𝐵
𝑉𝑡𝐵
= 0,9361
256 + 𝑉 𝑡 𝐵
𝑉 𝑡 𝐵 = 239,6416 + 0,9361𝑉 𝑡 𝐵
0,0639𝑉 𝑡 𝐵 = 239,6416
𝑉 𝑡 𝐵 = 3750,26 𝑐𝑚3
3.32
Calculate Z and V for ethylene at 25°C and 12 bar by the following equations:
a) The truncated virial equation [Eq. (3.40)] with the following experimental values
of virial coefficients:
B = -140 cm3 mol-1 C = 7,200 cm6 mol-2
b) The truncated virial equation [Eq. (3.38)], with a value of B from the generalized
Pitzer correlation [Eq. (3.63)].
c) The Redlich/Kwong equation.
d) The Soave/Redlich/Kwong equation.
e) The Peng/Robinson equation
Jawab:
T = 25°C = 298.15 K
P = 12 bar
a. Equation 3.40
𝑃𝑉 𝐵 𝐶
𝑍= = 1+ + 2
𝑅𝑇 𝑉 𝑉
Ditulis kembali:
𝑅𝑇 𝐵 𝐶
𝑉𝑖+1 = (1 + + 2 )
𝑃 𝑉𝑖 𝑉𝑖
Masukkan ke rumus V1
Nilai:
B = -140 cm3 mol-1 C = 7,200 cm6 mol-2
𝑅𝑇 140 7200
𝑉1 = (1 − + )
𝑃 2065,6826 2065,68262
= 2065,6826 (1 − 0,0678 + 1,6874. 10−3 )
= 2065,6826 𝑥 0,9339
3
𝑉1 = 1929,1150 𝑐𝑚 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙
Mencari V2, V3, dan seterusnya dengan cara yang sama hingga diperoleh nilai V dengan
perbedaan Vi+1 dan Vi yang insignifikan
𝑅𝑇 140 7200
𝑉2 = (1 − + )
𝑃 1929,1150 1929,11502
= 2065,6826 (1 − 0,0726 + 1,9347. 10−3 )
= 2065,6826 𝑥 0,9294
3
𝑉2 = 1919,7681 𝑐𝑚 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑅𝑇 140 7200
𝑉3 = (1 − + )
𝑃 1919,7681 1919,76812
= 2065,6826 (1 − 0,0729 + 1,9536. 10−3 )
= 2065,6826 𝑥 0,9290
3
𝑉3 = 1919,0772 𝑐𝑚 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑅𝑇 140 7200
𝑉3 = (1 − + )
𝑃 1919,0772 1919,0772 2
= 2065,6826 (1,0730 − + 1,9550. 10−3 )
= 2065,6826 𝑥 0,9290
3
𝑉3 = 1919,0772 𝑐𝑚 ⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑃𝑉 𝐵𝑃 𝑃𝑟
𝑍= = 1+ = 1+ Ḃ
𝑅𝑇 𝑅𝑇 𝑇𝑟
𝐵𝑃𝑐
Ḃ=
𝑅𝑇𝑐
Dengan
0,422
𝐵° = 0,083 −
𝑇𝑟 1,6
0,172
𝐵1 = 0,139 −
𝑇𝑟 4,2
𝑇
𝑇𝑟 =
𝑇𝐶
𝑃
𝑃𝑟 =
𝑃𝐶
𝑍𝑅𝑇
𝑉=
𝑃
3
0,9316 𝑥 83,14 𝑐𝑚 . 𝑏𝑎𝑟⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙. 𝐾 𝑥 298,15 𝐾
=
12 𝑏𝑎𝑟
𝟑
𝑽 = 𝟏𝟗𝟐𝟒, 𝟑𝟔 𝒄𝒎 ⁄𝒎𝒐𝒍
c. Redlich/Kwong equation
Nilai Z dicari dengan persamaan 3.52
(𝑍 − 𝛽)
𝑍 = 1 + 𝛽 − 𝑞𝛽
(𝑍 + ԑ𝛽)(𝑍 + 𝜎𝛽)
q dan β dicari dengan persamaan 3.53 dan 3.54
𝛹𝛼(𝑇𝑟 )
𝑞=
𝛺𝑇𝑟
𝑃𝑟
𝛽= 𝛺
𝑇𝑟
e. Peng/Robinson equation
Cara serta persamaan yang sama seperti nomor c), namun nilai parameter-parameter di
persamaannya berbeda
Untuk Soave/Redlich/Kwong:
α(Tr) = [1+(0,37464 – 1,54226ω – 0,26992ω2)(1 – 1,0561/2)]2
= [1+(0,37464 – 1,54226(0,087) – 0,26992(0,0872))(1 – 1,0561/2)]2
α(Tr) = 0,9722
σ = 1 + √2
ԑ = 1 - √2
Ω = 0,07780
Ψ = 0,45724
Zc = 0,30740
0,45724 𝑥 0,9722
𝑞=
0,07779 𝑥 1,056
𝑞 = 5,4114
0,238
𝛽 = 0,07779
1,056
𝛽 = 0,0175
(𝑍 − 𝛽)
𝑍 = 1 + 𝛽 − 𝑞𝛽
(𝑍 + ԑ𝛽)(𝑍 + 𝜎𝛽)
(𝑍 − 𝛽)
𝑍 = 1 + 𝛽 − 𝑞𝛽
[𝑍 + (1 − √2)𝛽][𝑍 + (1 + √2)𝛽]
(𝑍𝑖 − 𝛽)
𝑍𝑖+1 = 1 + 𝛽 − 𝑞𝛽
[𝑍𝑖 + (1 − √2)𝛽][𝑍𝑖 + (1 + √2)𝛽]
Dengan asumsi Z0 = 1
𝑍1 = 1 + 0,0175
(1 − 0,0175)
− 5,4114 𝑥 0,0175
[1 + (1 − √2)0,0175][1 + (1 + √2)0,0175]
𝑍1 = 0,9276
Dengan menggunakan iterasi perhitungan, iterasi ke-4 didapat nilai Z = 0,9202
𝑍𝑅𝑇
𝑉=
𝑃
3
0,9202 𝑥 83,14 𝑐𝑚 . 𝑏𝑎𝑟⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙. 𝐾 𝑥 298,15 𝐾
=
12 𝑏𝑎𝑟
𝟑
𝑽 = 𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟎, 𝟖𝟒 𝒄𝒎 ⁄𝒎𝒐𝒍
Summary
Metode Z V, cm3/mol
Virial equation 3.40 0,9290 1919,08
Virial equation 3.38 0,9316 1924,36
The Redlich/Kwong equation 0,9279 1916,75
The Soave/Redlich/Kwong equation 0,9289 1918,81
The Peng/Robinson equation 0,9202 1900,85