Introduction

- Wireless technology has widely spread lately and you can get connected almost
anywhere; at home, at work, in libraries, schools, airports, hotels and even in some
restaurants.
- Wireless technology is an alternative to wired technology, which is commonly used, for
connecting devices in wireless mode.
- Wi-Fi network connect computers to each other, to the internet and to the wired network.
- Wi-Fi works on physical and data link layer.

What is Wi-Fi?

• Short for wireless fidelity.

• Wi-Fi is a way of connecting to a computer network using radio waves instead of wires.
• A Wi-Fi device can work with any Wi-Fi network anywhere the world.
• There are many types of Wi-Fi standards, known as 802.11 a, b, g, n, and recently ac &
ad.
Purpose
- The purpose of Wi-Fi is to hide complexity by enabling wireless access to applications
and data, media and streams.
- The main aims of Wi-Fi are:
Make access to information easier.
Ensure compatibility and co-existence of devices.
Eliminate complex cabling.
Eliminate switches, adapters, plugs, pins and connectors.

Wi-Fi Alliance

Wi-Fi Alliance is a global non-profit standards

organization. Wi-Fi Alliance is the worldwide
network of companies that brings you Wi-Fi and
created the Wi-Fi brand name.
In 1999, several visionary companies came together
to form a global non-profit association with the goal
of driving the best user experience with a new
wireless networking technology. Formerly the
Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance.
As of 2009 the Wi-Fi Alliance consisted of more than 300 companies from around the world. Wi-
Fi Alliance has certified more than 30,000 products.

Wi-Fi Technology
- The technology used in Wi-Fi is easiest to understand in terms of radio. It is quite similar
to walkie-talkies, the only difference being in the strength of signals.
- An ordinary walkie-talkie can handle only limited data in the range of 1000 bps, and
operate at 49 MHz. In the case of Wi-Fi radios, the signal strength is much more, so they
can handle much higher data rates.
Elements of a Wi-Fi Network
• Access Point (AP) - The AP is a wireless LAN transceiver or “base station” that can
connect one or many wireless devices simultaneously to the Internet.
• Wi-Fi cards - They accept the wireless signal and relay information. They can be internal
and external. (e.g PCMCIA Card and PCI Card)

PCMCIA Card for Laptop PCI Card for Desktop PC

• Safeguards - Firewalls and anti-virus software protect networks from uninvited users and
keep information secure.

Advantages
• Flexible Working
Access the internet, do file transfers, even print from anywhere within 100 meters of the
Wi-Fi Access Point.
• Setup Cost
Save the cost of cabling and the cost on network sockets
• Reduce Cable Clutter
Reduce the clutter of wires and cables behind your notebook or no cabling required.
• No Worries
A wireless networking system that is secure, easy to manage, and built to grow with you.

Disadvantages
• Password and Security
Password is protecting your Wi-Fi connection otherwise, anyone with a Wi-Fi enabled
computer can access your data and internet connection.
• Limited Range
Wi-Fi networks have limited range. A typical Wi-Fi home with stock antenna might have
a range of 45 m indoors and 90 m outdoors.
• Signal Strength Sensitivity
Wi-Fi networks are sensitive to signal strength. To ensure good connectivity, you must
ensure that all computers and gadgets receive enough signal strength.
• High Power Consumption
Power consumption is fairly high compared to some other standards, making battery life
and heat concern.