What is an SFD?

Bijnor, Uttar Pradesh

GANGA IN PERIL, 2017 Muzaffarpur, Bihar
Date: 3rd July 2017 Date: 8th July 2017
SFD Level: 3 – Comprehensive SFD SFD Level: 3 – Comprehensive SFD An excreta flow diagram
Containment Emptying Transport Treatment Containment Emptying Transport Treatment (also often described as shit
Offsite sanitation WW not contained: 6%
Offsite sanitation
flow diagram, SFD) is a tool
Under Namami Gange, the government Load of Swachh Bharat Mission to readily understand and
SN not contained: 45% will check the flow of untreated sewage Faecal sludge to be produced by states along SN not contained: 44%
communicate visualizing
the Ganga on going open defecation-free how excreta physically flows
into the river from 118 towns and cities. 2% FS contained
through a city or town. It
7.38 MLD
Onsite sanitation – not emptied
Onsite sanitation Uttarakhand FS delivered to

CSE visited 10 towns and cities along the

7% FS contained 8% FS treated
FS contained – not emptied: 7% treatement: 10%
– not emptied FS contained: 22% FS contained – emptied: 20%
shows how excreta is or is
FS contained: 49% FS contained – emptied: 42% Ganga and found that the authorities Uttar Pradesh 72.73 MLD not contained as it moves
from defecation to disposal
FS not contained: 23% FS not contained – emptied: 20%

have miserably failed to manage faecal Bihar 30.89 MLD or end-use, and the fate
sludge, which is only going to increase in
Open defecation 11%
Open defecation
of all excreta generated.
7% Jharkhand 0.31 MLD 10%
42% FS not 45% SN not 6% WW not
volume with the implementation of on-site 11% 3% 30% FS not 44% SN not 2%
An accompanying report
delivered delivered
93% 69.05 MLD Open FS not delivered delivered FS not
90% describes the service
sanitation under Swachh Bharat Mission
delivered to
treatment to treatment to treatment West Bengal defecation contained to treatment to treatment treated

Local area Neighbourhood City Local area Neighbourhood City delivery context of the city
Key: WW: Wastewater, FS: Faecal Sludge, SN: Supernatant Safely managed Unsafely managed Key: WW: Wastewater, FS: Faecal Sludge, SN: Supernatant Safely managed Unsafely managed or town.
UT TARAKHAND

BIJNOR
SFD is
Gangaghat, Uttar Pradesh Date: 7th July 2017
SFD Level: 3 – Comprehensive SFD 93,297 Katihar, Bihar Date: 10th July 2017
SFD Level: 3 – Comprehensive SFD A tool for engineers,
Containment Emptying Transport Treatment 71,528 Containment Emptying Transport Treatment planners and decision-
Offsite sanitation Offsite sanitation
makers
Based on contributing
SN not contained: 15%
2% FS contained
SN not contained: 38% – not emptied
FS contained: 15% FS contained – emptied: 13% populations and an
3% FS contained UT TAR Onsite sanitation
FS not contained – emptied: 19%
indication of where their
FS contained – not emptied: 3%
excreta (septage or sewage)
– not emptied
Onsite sanitation
GANGA RIVER PRADESH FS not contained: 42%
FS contained: 35% FS contained – emptied: 32% goes
A representation of public
FS not contained: 11% FS not contained – emptied: 6% GANGAGHAT health hazard
MUZAFFARPUR
84,072 Open defecation 28%
An effective
Open defecation 14%

64,455 354,462 communications and

3% 271,754 2%
BUXAR advocacy tool
102,861 An overview from which
14% 5% 38% FS not 38% SN not 2% WW not 28% 23% 32% FS not 15% SN not
Open
defecation
FS not
contained
delivered
to treatment
delivered
to treatment
delivered to
treatment
97% RAMNAGAR
Open
defecation
FS not
contained
delivered
to treatment
delivered
to treatment 98%
78,860 sanitation priorities are
14,947
Local area Neighbourhood City Local area Neighbourhood City

Key: WW: Wastewater, FS: Faecal Sludge, SN: Supernatant Safely managed Unsafely managed Key: WW: Wastewater, FS: Faecal Sludge, SN: Supernatant Safely managed Unsafely managed developed
11,459 KATIHAR
BODHGAYA 240,838
SFD is NOT
CHUNAR 38,439 184,642 Based on actual volumes/
37,185 29,470
Chunar, Uttar Pradesh Date: 6th July 2017
SFD Level: 3 – Comprehensive SFD
28,509 Bongaon, West Bengal Date: 4th July 2017
SFD Level: 3 – Comprehensive SFD
mass – these are determined
Containment Emptying Transport Treatment
by other related factors
Containment Emptying Transport Treatment
Offsite sanitation JHARKHAND A representation of public
Offsite sanitation 1% FS contained
– not emptied health risk
WEST BONGAON (risk = hazard x behavior)
SN not contained: 28%

BENGAL
3% FS contained
– not emptied
108,864 FS not contained – emptied: 44%
A precise scientific
Onsite sanitation
FS contained: 28% FS contained – emptied: 25% BANSBERIA 83,462 analytical tool
FS not contained – emptied: 6%
103,920 Onsite sanitation FS not contained: 98%

FS not contained: 13%

SFD Promotion Initiative - Consortium Partners 79,672

Open defecation 31% Effective Population Purpose of an SFD
Faecal Sludge/ Septage SFDs are a useful tool to
3%
generation per day in litres
Open defecation
inform urban sanitation
1%
31% 7% 31% FS not 28% SN not ■ Unsafely managed 53% FS not 45% FS not 1% SN not
programming. They offer
Open
defecation
FS not
contained
delivered
to treatment
delivered
to treatment 97% ■ Safely managed contained delivered
to treatment
delivered
to treatment 99% an innovative way to
Open defecation free
Local area Neighbourhood City
Local area Neighbourhood City engage city stakeholders
Key: WW: Wastewater, FS: Faecal Sludge, SN: Supernatant Safely managed Unsafely managed WW: Wastewater; FS: Faecal Sludge Key: WW: Wastewater, FS: Faecal Sludge, SN: Supernatant Safely managed Unsafely managed like political leaders,
SN: Supernatant or effluent from on-site sanitation system
sanitation experts and civil
society organizations in
a coordinated dialogue
Ramnagar, Uttar Pradesh Date: 7th July 2017
SFD Level: 3 – Comprehensive SFD Buxar, Bihar Date: 5th July 2017
SFD Level: 3 – Comprehensive SFD Bodhgaya, Bihar Date: 4th July 2017
SFD Level: 3 – Comprehensive SFD Bansberia, West Bengal Date: 9th July 2017
SFD Level: 3 – Comprehensive SFD
about excreta management.
Containment Emptying Transport Treatment
They can also be used for
Containment Emptying Transport Treatment Treatment Containment Emptying Transport Treatment
Containment Emptying Transport advocacy.
Offsite sanitation WW not contained: 4% Offsite sanitation Offsite sanitation
FS contained: 6% FS contained – emptied: 5% 1% FS contained
– not emptied
SN not contained: 24% SN not contained: 25%
27% FS treated
2% FS contained
2% FS contained
Contact for further
– not emptied FS not contained – emptied: 42% FS delivered to treatment: 47%
– not emptied Onsite sanitation
Offsite sanitation WW contained: 70%
Onsite sanitation FS contained: 24% FS contained – emptied: 22% FS contained: 24% FS contained – emptied: 22%
information
Onsite sanitation
FS not contained – emptied: 8% FS not contained: 13%
FS not contained – emptied: 6% FS not contained: 92% SFD Initiative co-ordinator
FS not contained: 18%
(sfdhelpdesk@cseindia.org)
Onsite sanitation
SN not contained: 7%
1% FS contained
– not emptied Open defecation
Centre for Science and
Environment, 41-Tughlakabad
FS contained: 8% FS contained – emptied: 7% 30% 38%
Open defecation

Open defecation 13%

Institutional Area,
Open defecation

1% 2% New Delhi–110062
2% 28%
13% 1% 7% FS not 7% SN not 71% WW not
30% 10% 30% FS not 24% SN not 4% WW not 38% Open 7% FS not 28% FS not 25% SN not
Tel. 91- 11 -40616000 Fax.
99%
50% 2% SN not 20% FS not
Open
defecation
FS not
contained
delivered
to treatment
delivered
to treatment
delivered
to treatment
Open
defecation
FS not
contained
delivered
to treatment
delivered
to treatment
delivered
to treatment 98% defecation contained delivered
to treatment
delivered
to treatment 98% FS not
contained
delivered
to treatment
treatment 72% 91-11-29955879
Local area Neighbourhood City Local area Neighbourhood City Local area Neighbourhood City Local area Neighbourhood City Website: www.cseindia.org
Key: WW: Wastewater, FS: Faecal Sludge, SN: Supernatant Safely managed Unsafely managed Key: WW: Wastewater, FS: Faecal Sludge, SN: Supernatant Safely managed Unsafely managed Key: WW: Wastewater, FS: Faecal Sludge, SN: Supernatant Safely managed Unsafely managed Key: WW: Wastewater, FS: Faecal Sludge, SN: Supernatant Safely managed Unsafely managed
Prepared under SFD promotion initiative, Phase II