verbo ser o estar

Verbo aprender

Terminación
have/ haber

Traducción
auxiliar
tiempo

sujeto
presente I Learn yo aprender / yo aprendo
pasado I Learn ed yo aprendí
futuro I will Learn yo aprenderé
Simple

condicional I would Learn yo aprendería - If I studied (si yo estudie)

sugerencia I should Learn yo debería aprender
puedo I can Learn yo puedo aprender
obligación I must Learn yo debo/tengo que aprender
Posibilidad I may/might Learn yo tal vez aprenda
Pasado participio terminación ado /ido, terminación ed
Presente perfecto I have Learn ed yo he aprendido
pasado perfecto I had Learn ed yo había aprendido
Perfect

Futuro perfecto I will have Learn ed yo habré aprendido

condicional perfecto I would have Learn ed yo habría aprendido
sugerencia perfecto I should have Learn ed yo debería haber aprendido
obligación perfecto I must have Learn ed Yo debo haber aprendido
Posibilidad perfecto I may/might have Learn ed yo pude haber aprendido
Terminación ando / endo, verbo ser o estar + terminación ing
Presente perfecto I am Learn ing yo estoy aprendiendo
Progresive/Continue

pasado perfecto I was Learn ing yo estaba aprendiendo

Futuro perfecto I will be Learn ing yo estaré aprendiendo
condicional I would be Learn ing yo estaría aprendiendo
sugerencia I should be Learn ing yo debería estar aprendiendo
puedo I can be Learn ing yo puedo estar aprendiendo
obligación I must be Learn ing yo tengo que estar aprendiendo
Posibilidad I may/might be Learn ing yo tal vez podría estar aprendiendo

Presente perfecto I have been Learn ing yo he estado aprendiendo

Perfect Progresive

pasado perfecto I had been Learn ing yo había estado aprendiendo

Futuro perfecto I will have been Learn ing yo habré estado aprendiendo
condicional I would have been Learn ing yo hubiera estado aprendiendo
sugerencia probable I should have been Learn ing yo debería haber estado aprendiendo
puedo I can have been Learn ing yo pude haber estado aprendiendo
obligación I must have been Learn ing yo tengo que haber estado aprendiendo
Posibilidad I may/might have been Learn ing yo tal vez podría haber estado aprendiendo
Resume

Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous

S+V S + To Be + V (ing) S + To Have + V S + To Have + To Be + V (ing)
Present Subject + Verb (v1) Subject + (am/is/are) + subject + (have/has) + Verb Subject + TO HAVE (Have / Has) +
Verb (- ing) (Past Participle V3) been + verb (-ing)

I drink coffee every morning
 Habits and routines
 Facts
Past Subject + verb (past v2)
I am drinking coffee right I have drunk a coffee I have been drinking a coffee
now. since 5:00 p.m.
 Actions Happening now
 Temporary Activities
 Changes takin place
now
Subject + (Was/Were) + subject + (had) + verb (past subject+ had been + verb (-ing)
Verb (-ing) participle / V3)

I drank coffee yesterday I was drinking coffee this I was sick because I had drunk When the phone rang, I had been
morning when I got a call too much coffee the night drinking my coffee for ten
from my boss. before. minutes.
 Completed Actions in the  Unfinished, ongoing  
past action in the past (+
finished action)
Future Subject + TO BE (Am/Is/Are) Subject + will be + verb (-
+ going to + verb (base) ing)

   
Present simple

Form: subject + verb (present v1)

Termina en ‘s’ para he/she/it

Describe Un hecho, hábito o rutinas (acción regular), Ej:

Hechos:

1. She writes books

2. Kathy works as a teacher
3. You sing very well
4. Water boils at 100ºC.

Hábitos o rutinas:

1. She always write in the morning

2. I drink coffee every morning
3. Shawn goes to the beach on Sundays
1. Children often play video games after school.
2. She writes two books a year
Present Continuous

Form: Subject + To Be (am/is/are) + verb (- ing)

Se utiliza para acciones que están ocurriendo en el momento. Ej:

1. I am drinking coffee right now.

2. We are having breakfast.
3. It is raining outside

El segundo uso es para describir actividades temporales que están ocurriendo ahora. Ej:

1. Luis is learning to play guitar.

2. I am watching a really interesting TV series at the moment.
3. My sister is staying with us for a couple of weeks.

También se utiliza para describir cambios que están ocurriendo ahora. Ej:

1. English lessons on youtube are becoming very popular these days.

2. The price of crude oil is falling rapidly.
3. Scientists say that the earth is getting warmer.
Past Simple

Form: Subject + verb (past v2)

Se utiliza para describir acciones completadas en el pasado Ej:

1. I Played soccer with my friends last Saturday

2. Karen gave us a present for our wedding anniversary
3. We received the package this morning
4. My grandfather built this house in 1968
5. Antonio lived in Malaysia for five years

Existen muchos verbos irregulares que deben ser aprendidos de memoria, para el resto utilizamos la
terminación ‘ed’

Past Continuous

Form: Subject + TO BE (Was/Were) + Verb (-ing)

Habla de una acción en curso y no finalizada en el pasado. Por lo que normalmente se menciona otra
acción que interrumpe la primera. La otra acción generalmente se encuentra en Past Simple. Ej:

1. I was having dinner with my family when the doorbell rang.

2. It was raining when Priya left for work.
3. The power went out while the children were studying.
4. While we are waiting at the bus stop, we saw a car accident.
Present Perfect
Form: subject + TO HAVE (have/has) + Verb (Past Participle V3)

En Present Perfect no importa el cuándo lo importante es que ahora la acción esta echa, no se debe
especificar el cuándo, si especificamos el cuando, la oración debe estar en Past Simple; 2 son los
principales usos

a) Hablar de nuestras experiencias

1. I have taught English to many students. (Habla de mi Carrera como profesor de inglés)
I taught many students when I was a teacher.
2. Ashley has visited France four times. (Habla de la vida de Ashley)
Ashley visited France in 2015.
3. We have seen tow movies this week. (Habla de la semana que aún no ha terminado)
We saw two movies last week.
b) Hablar de acciones o eventos recientes
1. I have finished my homework.
I finished my homework at 6:30 p.m.
2. Arthur has lost his glasses.
Arthur lost his glasses at the party.
3. The police have arrested a young man in connection with the robbery.
The police arrested a young man last night in connection with the robbery.
Present Perfect Continuous

Form: subject + TO HAVE (Have / Has) + been + verb (-ing)

 Habla de acciones que comenzaron en el pasado y todavía continúan ejecutándose.

 Generalmente está acompañado de FOR / SINCE. Es un error común tratar de utilizar estos términos
con Present Continuos. Ej:
1. I have been waiting to see the doctor for two hours / since 5:00 p.m.
I am waiting to see the doctor for two hours.
2. He has been playing tennis for 20 years. / since he was a child
He is playing tennis for 20 years.
3. She has been learning English for 8 months/ since last Octuber.
4. We have been living in this town for a very long time / since 1980.
5. It has been raining all morning / since 4:00 a.m.
Past Perfect
Form: subject + TO HAVE (had) + verb (past participle / V3)

Se utiliza cuando hay 2 o más acciones en el pasado, y se desea dejar en claro cuál ocurrió primero. Ej:

1. When we got to the theater, the movie started. (Past Simple)

When we got to the theater, the movie had started. (Past perfect)

2. I was sick because I had eaten too much the previous night.
3. The girl looked very familiar, I had seen her somewhere before.
4. Joel Rushed to his boss’s office, but she had gone home already.
Past Perfect Continuous
Form: subject+ had been + verb (-ing)

 Se utiliza para hablar acerca de una acción continua en el pasado, antes de otra acción que la
finalice.
 Es parecido a Past Perfect, excepto que la primera acción está en Past Continuous. Ej:
1. I felt really tired because I had been driving all day.
2. She had been waiting for two hours when the doctor finally arrived.
3. The ground was wet because it had been raining.
4. When he quit his job at the factory, he had been working there for 12 years.
Future Simple
Three forms:

1. Going to
Form: Subject + TO BE (Am/Is/Are) + going to + verb (base)
Se utiliza para expresar planes e intenciones. También se utiliza para realizar predicciones
basadas en el presente (algo que podemos ver ahora así que podemos estar seguros). Ej:
1. We are going to buy a car. (plan)
2. I am going to start exercising regularly.
3. Raul is going to take a vacation from work.
4. Look at the sky. It is going to rain soon. (Prediction)

2. Present continuous
Form: Subject + TO BE (am/is/are) + verb (-ing) + (WHEN/WHERE Clause)
Se utiliza para expresar arreglos fijos, cosas que están confirmadas. Ej:
1. I am having lunch with my parents on Saturday. (arrangement)
2. We are flying to Brasil the day after tomorrow.
3. Jose is giving a presentation to the board of directors on the 10th.

3. Will
Form: Subject + Will + verb (base)
Se utiliza para expresar decisiones del momento, ofertas, promesas; También se utiliza para
realizar predicciones basadas en el conocimiento o experiencias personales. Ej:
1. “The phone is ringing.” => I will get it. (instant decision)
2. “these files are really heavy” => I will help you with them. (offer)
3. Can you lend me $us 200? I will pay you back next week. (promise)
4. I think Brazil will win the 2018 world cup. (Prediction)
Future Continuous
Form: subject + will be + verb (-ing)

Se utiliza para expresar acciones que estarán sucediendo en un determinado momento en el futuro… Ej:

1. At 11 a.m. tomorrow, I Will be driving to Portland.

2. “Do you want to come with us to the movies on Saturday evening?” => I can’t. I will be working
until late.

También se utiliza para expresar eventos fijos o rutinarios que pasaran en el futuro.

1. I Will be staying at the Hilton hotel in Portland. (fixed)

I am staying at the Hilton hotel in Portland tomorrow. (Present Continuous for future)
I am going to stay at the Hilton hotel in Portland. (Future Simple)
2. “I’m going to the cafeteria. Do you want me to bring you a Coffee?” =>
No, thanks. I will be going there in a little while myself. (Routine)
I am going there in a little while myself. (Present Continuous for future)