I

?D
'?0 'uf*^ Ctt, 1a.,.'LbSl ( ' rB + 1A' --)
g'tlb'

1. In whichof the followingronsis the I number ctfprotohsthe same as the total number of
/
9. Boron has two
e-ry+
Y,iy'- ffi
}-1 lvrq/
Withrelativeisotopicmassesof 10 and 11. when 1.00g of boronreacts
r v\.r

1.2789of boronhyd t,i:;.f,jlgi"ed. whichs,unh'hofi"lztl8at

ride,
neutrons.but the totalnumber
A. H- B H.o.
s is more than the total number of electrons?
D. OH- E. OD'
[1/2000]
'6":::T"2
completelywith

2. Which of the andnumberof neutrons

regardto thenumberof electrons =i
h(u)
rn the particles l1t2o02l
Numberof electrons Number
34
of neutrons
44 v/
ir
n(n,}{r)'= k=# L
19 v l=

I
7

10
{f '")
,qt,nj"
t3 At {y'ample
', of magnesiumwhichis contaminated by magnesitrmoxidereactscompletelywith 22.0

"r::4i?" dcidtcievolvd448 cirl" of hydtogehgas at S.t.p.What is the

cm' $f 2.0 mol dm-' hydrochlorlc ?=31
23dto4ptexistsas isotopes
pert'ntage by mass of magnesiumoxidein the sdfiple? _[19/2003] 10. An elerh€iitX wiih the electionicconfiqurationol 1s22s22o
IRe/ativeatomic masses O = 16 Mg = Z4; 1 inol of gas 0ccupiesa volume of 22.4 dm" at s.t.pl
l6e,ifatrve 'X abundanceof'X?
and hevb 38 and 40 neijhons respectively.Whdt

9^'::.' B. 16.67 C. s000 D.83.33

4. An aro^>I*i,n , nucleonnumberof 1I forms X2-ion which is rsoelectronicwitn ,','lNeatom.

AtomX h73 l4t2004l
A 35.0

11
B. 45.5 C. 54.5

which is used as a fertilizercan be

[1/2009]

the laboratory.A 2 0 0 g o f
What is the volume ammonragas
chloridereactswith 2.00 g of calcium hydroxide.
Neutron Proton at roomtemperature? l24t2o09l
10

c 8
'10
12
10
8
o
8
10
12
A. 329cmo
molecull mEssof NHaCIis 53.5and Ca(OH)zis 74.0;molar
temperature
is 24 1
cm3 C. 678 cm3
'
12cm3
of gas at room
eNHa6l
-+
t Cc(od)z
-r-NLls-
i zt/ro
' 35Cl
l)/'
12 The relativeabundanceof 1 6*q1
5. ano ^d^t ^,u isotopes
of carbon.Which of the followingis the same for the
to 3 : 1. Which statementaboutthe mass soectrum sistrue? I1l2O10l
isotopes? [1/2006] A. base peak correspondsto N'ion
A. Stability uclearcharge C. Nucleonnumber D. Relativeisotooicmass B . The m/e value for the last oeak is 123.
'as The numberof peaksfor NCls*ion is 4.
6. The rea s ih the manufactuieof nitricacid by the Ostwald process follows:- The relativeabundanceof N3sCls.ion to N37Clg*
ion is 3 : 1
4NH3+5O2)4NO+6HzO
2NO+Oz)2NO2 13. Urea, (NH2)2CO,is a chemicalfertiliserwhich decomposes carbon dioxide and ammonia
3NO2+H2O)2HNO3+NO gas in the presenceof water. Calculatethe nurnberof gas releasedwhen 5.0 g of urea
What is the theoreticalpercentageyield of nitricacid obtained mol of NH3? 127t20O61 decomposescompletelyin water. l2t2o11l
A. 24o/a B. 31o/o c. s0% 67% '14.0
[The relativeatomicmassesof H, C, N and O are 1.0, 1 and 16.0 respectively;Avogadro
constantis 6.0 x 1023mol'l.'l
7. Tritium, I, is a radioactiveisotopeof hydrogen;slowly tur a heliumisotope,He. Which
r-- A. 5.0 x 1023 6. 1.o x 1023 1.5 x 't023 D. 3.0 x 1023
statementis true of the two isotopes? ? = ,r , t[1l2oo7l
ll't-
.\f and He have the same nuclearcharge. \rrI.{A/oA 1 | - i 1 4 .C isotopeis used as a standardto determinethe atomic mass of an element.Which
)EfX anOHe have the same number of neutralsub-atomicparticles. carbon-12
is true? 11t2O121
(Q)Y-
9/ r - ano He- are
and ne ate oerlecleo the same pornt
deflectedto tne pointIn
in a magnetrc
magneticfteld
fieldwhose
whosestrength
strengthis not varied.
varied.
D f and He- have the same number of chargedsub-atomicparticles.
A Its isotopic
massis 12.01
B It under normal conditions
the most stable isotooeof carbon
B. The percentageof ironin a haemoglobin moleculeis 0.33%. lfa molecule f lt has differentnumber of electron,proton and neutron
ccnsrstsof four iron(ll)ions,what is the relativemolecularmass of 11/20081
[Relativeatomicmass of Fe is 55.8] 15. Sodium reactswith oxygento form sodium peroxide.What is the mass of sodium peroxide
A . 6 . 6 6x 1 0 2 B . 4 . 1 6x 1 0 3 C . 1 . 6 7x 1 0 4 6 . 6 6x 1 0 4 formed when 0.50 g of sodium is completelyoxidised?
[Relativeatomismass of Na and O are 23.0 and 16.0 respectively.] l2ot2o12l
-lNcr*0z-?Nqt0z
t
4U'
 A. 0.67 g 859 C . 1 . 4g D . 1 . 7g n"t"' "*1ogl,f therorrowins
scheme
, :"9fiT"
-, - { - ;f
Y';' -or"-z
16. Tetraethyllea9l{V),(CH:CHz)+Pb,is added to petroteumas an anti-knockagent, (CHgCHe)apb is x v
c preparedfrom.e{hene,CHzCHz, accordingto the followingreactions: a1la113l the followingstatementsare correctregardingthe disintegrationabove? [46/19e9]
CHzCHz+Clz)CHsCHzCl +HCl Y havethe same nucleonnumbery'
4CH1CH2Q!/ + 4NaPb ) (CHgCHz)aPb + 3pb + 4NaCl fV, X, V andZ arefrom differentgroups in the Periodicf ade. /
Which saterlent about the reactionsis not true? The numberof neutronsin Y is the same as the numberof neutronsin Z.
A. One m/e ot Clz producesone mole of CH3CH2C|. /
AFour ofCl2produce
onemoteot <Ci"cirlrpn./ 2. The mass spectrumof an elementX is shown below. From the sDectrumshown. rt can be
\C/ Ond of HCI is formed for each mole off (CH3CHz)oPb
(CH3CHz)4Pbproduced.S(
produced.5( concludedthat
,/
? lgA, molesof CH2CH2 is required mole of (CHsCHz)rPbproduced.
"/
The proton number of ion Y is its nucleonnumberis and it has the same number of
charge of ion Y?
C. +1 D. +2 l1t2014l

18. An elementX with a atomicmass 0f 28.1 of isotopes28X,2ex and 3ox.lf the

percentageabundanceof and 3oXare the sgqre, at is the percentageabundanceof 28X?
A. 0.32 g7 D. 96.7 I2t2O14l / ,/
/delementx
14 15 mass/charge
consistsof two isotopeswith relativeisotopicmass of 14 and '15
30
1 9 . 2 8 ' , o Sai n d
are two isotopesof relativeatomicmass ot Si is 28.1 Which 2. thenucleon
numberof X is 14.5.f/number
statementis these isotopes? 11t201sj 3. the of X have a different of protonsd [46/2000]
2ErqSi
A. is than ^Si Ifiand '-W
14Siare radioactive. ./ 3.A of nitrogengas containsthe i"otopes. Which of the follorving
&il;8ll
D. The
e abundantthan
3o,osi/
number of sub-atomicparticlesin 281aSi
and 301osiis the same.X
r_atioscorrespond(s)to N2' speciesthat could be found in the nrass spectrum of the
141t20051
2. 29 ,/r/ , tq-/
mass spectrumof an element is shown below.
statement(s)is/aretrue of the nuclidesof silicon, ;lSi and ilsi ? [41/2O101
The mass spectrumshows two peaks.
:: :. i:SiCl.and ;lSiCl.moleculeshavedifferentshapes.
lsotopejlsi is more reactivethan isotope;.Si.

5. The mass spectrumfor a diatomicgas W2 is givenbelow [41t2012]

Which statementis true about the element? .^ 12t20151
A. The element has two isotopes. . _ d,rn"
n
is a diatomic molecule AbundanceiTo
B. Peak X is due to a dipositivergD( relativeatomic mass of the element is 38.

21. Lithiumoxideis usedto removewater and carbondioxideexhaledby astronauts

aboard a soace shuttle.The chemicaleoualionfor the reactionsinvolvedare shown below
Li2O(s) + H2O(9) ) 2LiOH(s)
tt-iot-t(s) + lcoz(9) ) zLiHco3(s)
lf 50.0 kg of lithiumoxide is available,what is the maximum number of carbon dioxide r58 160 162 tn/e

which can be removed?

atomic masses of H, Li, C and O are 1.0,6.9, 12.0 and 16.0 respectively;
ttr
t!l is/aretrueof thegas?
ichstatemerit(s)
Therelativeatomicmassof W is 80
11
t I
A
lRelative
tonstant is 6.02 x 1023mol''.1 The elementW has two isotopeswith an abundancethat is almostth9 same
e'W ioD,/
A. 1.0'1x 1024 B-.2.o2x1o2a c. 1.01 x 1027 2.02 x'1o27 The peak at the mass/chargeratio of 162 is producedby 2'
-e--*-*-j----
L----- A--.--I---__ - -c---:I
L_1 9dv is_c9ll99-Ile!-Q-z- e!jv-er9-ciqgg--l-?-e-!gl 9!''!v9!e.-ctreg

2
 lo*'
C0.*3
1. At
- gas constant
D lemperature andvolume,an idealgasX exertsa pressureof P atm whilehydrogen 6. The diagram below shows the crystallinelatticestructureof a compound Which of the following
exertsa pressureof 1.01Patm. Whichof thefollowingbestexplainsthisdifference'ipn691 types of unit cells representsthe latticestructure?
A. Themovement I hydrogen moleculesare random.
j
16[ t13/20051

l^,
B. lntermolecu lq.vAttractiveforces
existbetweenhydrogenmolecules.
fi The collisjs'nsbetweenhydrogenmoleculesand the walls of the containerare not elastic.
(Ql The tW( volume of the hydrogenmoleculescannot be ignoredwhen comparedwith the r
'A-6J
of th6 container
e. ?6e
E. *(e kinetic
kinetic energy
enerov of the
the hydrogen
hvdrooenmolecules
moleculesis higher
hiohercompgred
comoared tg
to the
the kinqtF cnerov qf.tle
kinerh energy 6'
molecules
of the idealgas. y
= y1 = _?!___
"h
C z lrnixture or,B.0s oramonoatomicsasX andan unknow" o#.,nr-fuffi| n"#*f,) 13 {
vvolume
o | u m of
e oVf Vm'at
m 3 as.t.p.
t s . t .When
p . W h20.0
e n ' 2g 0of0gas
s ^ oXI sis? added
: X i s a to
d dlhe
e dmixturelffi
,.tothemixture]-rjffinditions,\/.-gx
thequantity'o\
ihe volumeof the mixtureis 2V m". Calculate gaEY in the mixture. Y
[Relativeatomicmass: X =A Y =1. Assumingthat gas not react with gas Yl - v dtP/ftgo'
12t20001 ry A. Monoclinic Triclinic C. Orthorhombic D. Rhombohedral
A.1s B2g D5g l)q
?V-n &T
Qss
#, k, *t 7.
B 3A.
o
Ammoniais an exampleof a non-idealgas
its moleculeis small.
the in arestrong
k=+ o v ?,={1,r?!'
c. the volume by ammoniacan be ignored.
best describesthe mixtureof gases formed?
D . ammonrars compressedat low temperatureand high pressure. [812007]
12t20011
4. Water iodine are two examplesof simple covalentmolecules. The data on temperatures
&,
d
oxygenthan nitrogenmoleculesare foundin the mixture.*
averagevelocitiesof nitrogenand oxygenmoleculesare the same./
The averagekineticenergiesof nitrogenand oxygenmoleculesare the sarne
and ures at triplepointfor waterand iodineare given in the tablebelow iiiloia $*'t v Thereis no transferof kineticenergywhen nitrogenand oxygenmoleculescollide.X
q
A phasediagramof water is shownbelow.
Pressure/ kPa

,L- -- ,llVll- I l\ { -'z )

Which of the followingstatementsis true of water and iodine? L l--
- A. rWater and iodineare solidsat a temperatureof-0oCand a pressureof 12.0kPa.7 1' t I q
f\/ tce melts and subljnresat a temperaiureof Oof and a pressureof 0.66 kPa.X r. r ,'t
[d\efiniodine
-@ fr6'iiil? when heated at atmosphericpressure. X r, I \ ?
S\rio loof
u, solfo ne merrs
iodine meltsar
at a remperarure
temperatureaoove r 14u-u
above 114 and a pressur?
OoCano rr.u KHa
pressurqpf12.0 kPa. ,,'rov
O,t6l :
tr "t-
is a devicefor measuring
5. A manometer gas pressure.A sampleof r$(ogengal is ptaoeofi aO hat can be deducedfrom the phasediagram? 12t20091
manometer
close-end in its ma-f,ffie diagrambelow
at 25oCuntilthereis an increaseof 0.100g. 9n increasein pressurewill decreasethe freezingpoint of water./
showsthe heightof mercuryin the manometer.Whatis tliFfiluimeof nitrogengas in the B.'An increasein pressurewill decreasethe boilingpointof water.r
manometer? C. lce sublimesat a pressurehigherthan 611 Pa.
17t2oosl
760mm Hg =
[Relativeatomicmass: N = 14.0;molargas constant= 8.31JK'1mol-1; 101kPal
'10.When a
52 g# tlasXis filled with a gas at 200oC,the pressureproducedis 1.29 x 1OsPa. lf the
II fV=nRT c
yr.0 temperature ihen increasedto 400"C;thepressureincre'ases to 3.68 x 1OsPa. which statement
explains observations? [Gas constant,R,, is 8.31J K-' mol''] 17t2o101
I ,A -lo(
'1bv as obeys Boyle's Law
- : 1r oas existsas a dimerat 200oC
500 The number of gas moleculesincreasesby 2.85 times at 400'C
,'rJr.,', D. The numberof collisionsbetweengas moleculesand the Wallof the flaskdoublesat 400oC
lO0 mm
ii;;
',t1 i,
A. 95 cm3 B . 1 1 ' 1c m 3 266 cm3 't+..:lf]." P r ' T?"
-a, 2.
-q ),
i\a.
1 , 1 3 vl a)
t 7 3 rri6r*B
_3
 (

./n
'11. A mixtureof hydfogen ga*6d nitrogengas in a containeris maintainedat a pressureof-200 18. The phase diagramof substanceX is given below
.
.-€!tr and a temperatL'rtof 450"C. Which factor contributesto the deviationfrom an ideal gas PrBsurc/nrn' -'r" "-"-'-'..-""""/
""1
b e h a v i o uur n d e rI 11t2o11 /
A, forces (. Molecularpolarisability tl
I interaction D Kineticenergy
it
12. lffil gas obeys the followinglalvs except
A. Avogadro'slarv B. Charles'slaw C. Boyle's laur-
l2t2o12l
lli ,l-----t' ./
13. Dianrond,graohiteancjfullerenesare allotropesof carbon.Which statementis true of the three
allotrooesof carbon? _il

A. Theyare good conduclors

droxider..'ncclmoletecombustion Which sl about the above phase dragramis true? 17t2O14l
C. They lr hybril;5s6 orbitalsof their carbon atoms X existsas a solidat stp
D. They l; str.rngcovalentbondingand weak van der Waalsforces. 17t2o12l lX sublimesat temperature belowts triplepoint
freezingpointof liquidX clecreasesas pressureincreases{-
14. Gas X is colleclec uta 25O"rf\olrmetri" ftask atZ5o{until the pressureof the gas is /S.S SubstanceX existsas a supercritical above31.1"C
fluidat temperatures
'1
kPa.The mass of ii in the flask is 0.118g at 25'C. What is the mass of mol of X ? ef2o13)
I T h e g a r sc o r ) s t a nR
r . isB 31J K'1mol-'.] py'=nRT. 1 9 . G a s X o f m a s s0 . 1 1 8g w a s f i l l e di n t oa 2 5 0 c m 3 f l a s k a t 2 9 8K a n d 7 3 . 5 is the
A. 7.42 g mass of 1 mol of the gas? [Universalgas constantis 8.31J K-' nrol''.i [st2o15)
B 1 1 . : jg
@r
C . 1 4 . 6g
A. 7.42g B . 1 1 . 3g c. '14.6 g
n
1 5 . 9g
15.The graphcf p\r/RTaoaii"rst
p for one mole of gases L a at 298 K is shown below
20. The phasediagramofsubstanceX is shown below 111t20151

lrt
:00 I .i /
Prssule/kPa
100
I )-/
t- -r00 0 100 100 300
Which staterneritis ir ue ofr6ses L and M ? (712013) l'€mperatur€.j"c
A The compressibility,/fgss M is more than that of gas L at pressureslower than x atm. What could be deducedfrom the phase diagram?
O f ne rep,lsiveyr6es betv;eenL moleculesexist at pressuresgreaterthan x ?tnt.z A. The meltingpoint of X when the oressureincreases.
C. The colliqffi beiu,eenl- moleculesare elasticat pressureslower than x atm
D. The atlracti'ycforces between M moleculesare sionificant $r fne densityof higherthanthe densityof its liquid
C. X existsas a gg,4t standardtemperature andpressuref,
D. X condensgxffhen the pressureincreases at 3OO"C\
16. Fullerence,
Coo, ls one of car'ironallotropesfound in soot.Whch statementaboutfullerenceis
true? (8/2013) --
A. lts carbonatomhas trybridorbitals. C. ltsbondangleis smaller 6- o----l
thanthatof peerrgd
i"-1".dr.dv *;*! 1-,". t;* llZt;daareagrrgq]
€)lts nrolecuiehas electrons. graphite.
D. lts densityis that of diamond. 21. The table below shows the changes In pressurewith temperatureat constantvolume for three
17. Equai s cf 1..|2.
NH3 and N2Oare injectedinto a vacuum to produce a total gasesP, Q and R.
pressure atm Which of the followingis true of the partial of Nz , NHgand NzO ?
A. Pruz = PnHg = Pru:o g, . Pruz < PNzo Gas Pressureiatm
B. Pr'r: . p,ur,s < przo a Prz < PNna at 350K at 400K at 450K
(_y
I.JJ 1.50
1.00 I 1.51 2.10 2.32
m5\4 L_ -- l _* _ 1 . 0 0 i 1.87 2.35 2.93
Whichqa - show deviationfrom the ideal behavior?
s' R
144/20031
h'r fl/--nK

+=+ *
(t;
 il*s
v-'
Lqu
,1 =t
Lb > 3 )ez)sa2pL'
, /s,)rt),Jfus" ?
144t2o061 rundamentar
uncharged
o'ni3)!30?,'''
,K;;:f,9,",i",ff:',"1lffJ::ft"&tfl:T:';li$*v
(6)t{z{zpuls23pu3d c.-1*2s22pu3.sr3p63d+d
B. 1*2s22p63s23p63d4s1 D. 1s22s22p63s23p63d104d
has the electronicconfigurationts22s22p"3s23p6g&J.wnicn ion does not exist?
'/ J,/\,/4nadium -
0J voo' B.I'ot c. vor. D.vo'z- B v.€ . (4t2ool)
At temperatureTl,
7 tF *s +-+
1. the activationenergyis lower* 7 a], '. /Copper(l) sulphideis a component
of chalcociteore which is one of the sourcesof copper
fA more moleculeshave lower energy,,/ 1-' t/ metal. In whichorbitalsare vSlenceelectronso{ goppe(l) ion and sulphideronfound? 'r+e'
t4120101
[g J the totalnumberof moleculesremainsconstant.,/ >a \ coppe(r)ionll surphide
ionll'
A. 3d 3p I,rl?sr^|f
r-Lr- V?- .1, l F - )7J'o
.
A ,lflyL
. )1 Whal is the maximumnumber of emission lines possiblefor a hydrogenatom with electronic g 3sand
3p rs"Is, \fL ?527y*
energy levelsol n = 1. n = 2, and n =X (3/1999) ;:
A 1 8.2 (91 3 D.4 E 5 D. 4s and 3d 3s and 3p

gy'ransitionof electronsbetweenenergylevelsin an atomwill causean absorptionor emissionof

1An edment Z forms the Z2* ion with the electron configurationof 1f 2s2 2p6 3s23p6 3d. lf tne
ulelalive atomic mass of Z is given by the expression2x + 3, where x is its proton nugber, calculate
,/Snt. Which energy level diagramshows the transitronof electronsthat emits lightwith the sLor-iest
the numberof neutronsin the nucleusof the atom of elementZ. g= W I1l20O1) wavelength? (3/2009)
A. 26 8.28 c 29 I
9gr -----. - . _'_ ' ,, : s
t1 ---
4

| ,; 3
hichgraphshowsthat the element,X , is in GrogqlS of the PerioidicTable? [3/2001] __t_,_, ,, _. 2

_L",
At(9 [jncr ts]
-""al

I*-
.:'*."
. ' , t , ,i *, , ' . " ,, r l -"r t '
- i .
i I
""" t- --- tt I

i'i *';ttt,"';r'3'"'
t ',i-S- B

, ..,+;.,a-"--..' .:\,
g +"t.
(. D

Cncrgy

- ', I

,,v,V"l Eleclronsmay fill s, p, dind f orbitals. Which statementis true of p orbitals? (3t2011)
/
Whichof the
+.7Tneprotonnumbersof the elementsX, Y andZ are 14, 19 and 26 respectively. @ o orbitjtscan form o and n bonds.
is truewithreqardtQX, Y AnC'7?
Jdlowing statements (3l2OO2) El 2p orbitalshavethe same energyas 2s orbitals. X
A. Xisa d-brock lii iia'tpC * )5L Sole C. The principalquantumnumbersof p orbitalsstartwith n = 3 X
"r"'"'rragent. (
B. Yis a strongoxidizing D. p orbitalsare filledwith electronsaccordingto the Aufbau principle. FTrrr.r.fi
C. Z exhibitsonly one oxidationstate in its compounds.d
with the formula of Xoa- exists as a polymer. ,'11. Somecompoundsof transitionelementsare paramagnetic due to the presenceof unpaired
@ me oxide of i / efectrons.Which ion has the most number of unpairedelectronsin its d orbitals? ,1 ^ (Q!2O11)
' Il9'
s/nnicn of the followingstatementsis true of the hydrogenline spectrum? (8/2005) [The protonnumberJrfTi, V, Mn and Co are22,23.25 and27 respectivej;\ 7al ^^ -
<-/ e. The number of lines in each series is the same.)< Yo'-o (! tJd.'<n'o't'-.
y'
@ fne first line in each series has the lowest frequency. torzsltle
+rJ)*flrw' "7rt7\\o4r"6
C. The lines in a series become closer when the frequencydecreases.f, 1?/Ai atomM 6assevenvalenceelectronsand fdrmsa stableM2*ion rn an aqueoussolution.
D. The ionizationenergy of hydrogen can be calculatedfrom the frequency of the first line of - configuration
ffin.tis the electronic - '- -' of atom M? - - - ,- (3/2013)
the Lymanseries. i. ;;rrliJ3s,'i;1 lu
s,2pu3s23pu3dl+r'^
X B. 1s22s22p63s'3pu3du D. 1s22s22p63s'3pu3dt4s'14^,
 t-?f I (
9l d
,/ or!
''wt'i*' rv"'"rrl'; tQ4r/2006)
quantum n - 3 ? [3t/2012] orn" torr*ine
r/what ,stheroral.umberorotitarstr4 hasih. pindpal number
Kj",.-";':..-'1";*"a;;,;;i;i.i,-;1';:a!1'.,'".'..'i'i"'|i':ii'.1!:#li!i::fr'l] "r"t"'""t" lryf""g;Ll f"'?

14 The proronnumberof eteoeds x and y is 19 and29 r,;p€cll/etyi I en be deducedthar 3. f1and fsare u*d io cal(l)lett the d
l: : 118Y1:.Y-i:-"-1:1-i::11'-"^" 5"1'-::: 32,,which
3-,.which starem€nr(s)
slalem€nr(s)aboui€rcnEnt
aboui €rcnEnr with an
x $rth er€ctEnic connsuralon
an e€ctronrc 's zr zp Js J,, '
confisulatron1i2d2pt3.*-3p63d4J
?iti i:;;ffil;i ; ;"-".-*niii,Li".r- -""-.,
*",gv (Q41/2oos)
6 i ;;j'i;;;i;; ;;;;;-il;;;;;;;;;;ffi... r5t2o12t
^,rr*:.,i":
1;?. 1 x is^" -,^",-
snualedin-c.ouD rabre.
2ofrh€Penodi.
;: i:H i:a;'fi,#i;:i:iji!'n'iril'i,li"iiJi;;. -'"
z xtons *. ana)e ions.,.,t
basedonHundsrul€?
of eleclron(s) B/20141 ion-
3 x fomsa complex
,ln'"n oanr,o'"n,"t "/
/^-t "novtsthenlling
- ra1-71n
r'
A Thest€.glh o{thefiatallicbonddopendson lhe sizeortheatomol Inemelar''
" F ln 1l1l1l1
@tVITIlJjlU <iiiiiii'"tiii"u""J"""oiesmer€tstoreagoooconouclororhsst.
-
at roomternporature
X
bond,allmetalsa.€ solid
-. Dueto rhemotarric i
in
D. The metallicbond is iormed from the attractionbetweenthe electronsand the nucleus the
ty'tne linesin the Lymanseriesof an emissionspectrumof a hydrogenatom is shownbelow. atom.
--i ,' --i.- a.eromedbecaus€ merarshaver€latively enersv.
hishionizstion

1i
J !'tL.-
f i E. rhe motaicbonds fttesel
p,op€rrie',- D r- a tf I - l' t(
lj I I 2. rh6@varenr moreclrex% hastherorrow,ns
f3l . - t' ' t '3.
whichline
w1,4h rep€senrc
linerep€senEan ere..ontt€ns,lion
t€nsition
anered'onic with
wilh the
the enersy
smatresr
eneEv
smalbsr chanse?
ch€nge? l4no15)
A - I4t2o15) lili ili'"t"]"j*",""
tte!. py,"-,oarsr,.p.. 9b'
Vtb 3 V
E q c | A iiit
A p (y" iiiit rHormsioo,o.ate"*..lond gilbthe{Qrontnftuoidemol€cut6.. .^ T_
foiich of rhorori@.ns srarem€nF(6not tru€-l4rh,egard lo th6 xYl moleuul€? P/19991
_ y'vJhrcl sraremenr $,,or vue abours.Prnd d orb'tars?/ 152015) ii Ei!*"ix 1".",E a"a,"nesalvFri#-etemenri.
(,za TnGe?! crbilalshavelhe sameshap€3.d -enelsv/ / B. EtenEntxis ir Group15 ofth3 pedoorcTaote.
a Thesz€or1so'bt€ is smallerrhantharof 2p obnars / a ;; i ;i.-" , *" h"bddisation - -tormairon
durinqoond --' sih Y atoms.
c. 2soti,alisnon-d{ed,ona $he€as isdned'onar',/
2p^o,bnar "d"d ji#!;;i
-Xii,i!i"1iii"l"l',iiiiJ
-@ $til-
v"""nr:o o,o,r"r" a rowe,enedy avac€nr
reve|lhan 46orbiiar.r( ilxt;;;C;il;llin" pii,or.e"t-".
@ "," "r
18'Acoppelatonrhas29e|ecj@ns'Whicho!bna|diagramsho$/5lheaang€meItofiheva|eice
ereclrcniio,a ion
coppe(rr)
"
''t *tjol5t
tq @-o
,,Jff_!.151 -fYi;fydliifnil,T'qffi'.li,il;i;'iilii;i'
-,zd;!Jlil;,"os;; ili-d;;fiil;;:(a;"d"I"
-,zd;!siil;&;ilid;;fiil]ill10;"d"lo iJio"ji"
'Ji"j 'tiii"-'n'pvorconbu
inu'i
u'. t'q"r
riq"i<"t z .tatesel
"'t'"
ts/1esel
t, ' t IJ:! l It I|, i II tll
i l-TIJ'il1r l_.J .^_a ;il;;i_,ffi;";";t. Ygoiringpoj;i.
Ilt lltlll'.
r-a r.-
l(l ll
--t
lLL l
" y-'q. ,/
v ' rhe ' v " v " " ' pai's
r " violowing whenov€app€d
ofolbiists, lomsthestronsest
wthoneanother
4tr _ ^ ^ | 1 r,v t. r ,tO h. \ A. which6
\ ' t / q'- v
(- lil r | 1r T-aI-fiI-T--_l i _ 1 _ ll
f1 .,-"o(2,11.64/ Y srnole
covab bonds?-- t3/20001
r__L'_Ii i Tr._
_ l _ 1 i - l _ Trr
r _ri r _ Tr_r
_-.=
_l
L__L
=___j
J tlgr}s,2pn
7 c. f
lE'51'7!
.' t 4 c. lswith2p D.lswith3p E2swrth3p
tdtl:;?,"r'iTto%oi3*nnr.
ejrrswm rs b.,swmz
\,>F ,,.lt |1i i1i1]llfl-il
'-',l '
.,1. . .. ... ".1r rslrLeor€lecllon! :1. *-atom? 5. cornpounds prcpertie.
x a.d Y havel!|sfollowins t6/20001
i^tf chofrhe{ollosi.sslare,nents o6upying
- (2nOO4)
basedonths aurbaupincipr;.
r/ .+. etearcnsocc,tpyolbirars lii 3:n if":ffi'::L orintermor*ura,:rmaive rorce.
? fi:'il:':':5fl
T:':ffi[i;#T"T"Y,i""#11" Th;.ompoundsi andY €re
"pe
,/
hydtogen atom
energy-leveidiagram for. a hydrogen
z/The enegylevel
2nhe alom shows :ral electronic.
shows several
s€vetal electronic traNiiionE wtth
eleclronic transitions
transitions wlth
with x y U J
,i u .
. frequencies h, fz, ft, fa and fs t
,,,..rii,..:;i
y ffi: u'',rV/'I
fA
W i ---'---"=-
,:T
't=3 , 'i,*Ji '3 ,l! \r'1I /
i, ",'.'""';;-'i:,,'..i,"'i" l3l ,li]I
a.2 rl E HzO cHr F\}>v
to.
ll--. ' . .' ,l t: ;
''1:-*'ri " -.
..:, ' oI '
ri"*' $ i
r'r(!i:
r. .. fiil^'

(,
 /
{ [h^s Lo* (
6 which of the followla{ propertiesbest characterizesmetalswith metallicbonds? 17t2000)
A High density ,/ B. High mej\ng point C. Low etectronegativity
D High solubiligy'rnwater (e\etectric conductorin the solid state.
-/ \-/
7 - T h e b o i l . i r g p o i n t s o f w a t e r a n d a m m o n i a a r e 3 T 3 K a n d 2 4 0 K r e s p e c t iW
v ehliyc.h o f t h e f o l l o w i n g
statemer*(bestexplainswhy the boilingpointof water is higherthan ttre boilingpointof ammoniai
A. Oy{gen is more electronegativethan nitrogen.
B Vh" bond between oxygen and hydrogenis strongerthanthe bond between nitrogen and
p( hydrogen.
.;p) The hydrogenbonds betweenwater moleculesare strongerthan the hydrogenbonds between 13. The energyband diagramof a substanceis shownas follows,Whichstatementabout the
the ammoniamolecules. substancesis true?
D. Thereare van der Waalsforcesbetweenwater moleculesbut not betweenammoniamolecules. [5/2003]
E. The molecularsize of water is largerthan that of ammonia. lX
[g/2000] Energy
I tlr
'rs band lft
8. Which of the followingexplainswhy magnesiumis a conductorof electricity

l
whereasdiamond | | lconduction
an insulator? lB/20011
A. The conduciionband of diamond is not filled with electrons. Valenceband

ff
q The valencebandof magnesiumis filledwith electrons.
'U1 f he valence
bandand the conductionband in magnesiumoverlapwith one another. G, rn. substance
is a mltattoid
-E[ Tne differencein energy betweenthe conduction
band and the valence band in diamond is small. B lts electricalconductivitydecreaseswith temperature.
C. The elecironsflow from the valencebandto the conductionbandat hioh oressui-e
9. Which of the followingis true about dip{y$en tetraoxide,N2O4?
A. polarized
B- V-shaped
.t$Produced from NOz
" D Containsone unpairedelectron oFd" y'
D.
Yialencc
band comesintocontactwiththe conductionband at high"temperature.

ne tablebelowshowsthe protonnumbersof fo.urelementsrepresented

/.,/ lhe us for the elements
by tetterswh ich are not
10. The nitrateion has three resonancestructuresas shownbelow. r _ tl
15t2oo2l P,-of'-, Qr) z
)e' hL \l\1b ld'
Element K S lft
Protonnumber 1e I lll
:9! 11
io:

,N.
I
iO:

,Naa
II
't,/*\,ir I
ti
I ,,, r.,,:.
:"':.n{\
iI$\',
-qi!
Which element
A P
element has the strongegl.metallic
B.Q
B .Q
strongeglmetallicbond?
(C\N
Y,r ''
Q)R
bond? 1, 7P'
D f,*
l7t2}O3l
il
b'!
,// \
)ri: \.-ci -
ij 15.The followingmoleculesundergqthqsame orbitalhybridization
'"'!f ,
A water B. ethane
":"''"""" ( ->vv''""e
except for
' ..1)-,'
D. chloromethane
e [9/2003] li
il
gD) _p)ethene 1P
Which of the followingstatementsis correctwith regardto the nitrateion? ' .. -' \n1-, {- cnL .il'
:tii'
'":." +
A. The nitrogenatom in the nitrateion undergoessp3hybridisation. :r
-.) *: - : : 16.'What,.,n" ,rlpiof other to onecarbcn
atominfuierene? I1ot2oo4l
B. The nitrateion consistsof two co-ordinatebonds. B.4' C 5"*"r$,Nltonded
D.6 g?'

f
C. The nitrateion consistsof two o bonds and one n bond.
*-(43

'/'
- iI ' \o. x, ', " ]I - 17. The protonnumbersof four transitionelementsV. Cr. Fe and Co are shown
in the tablebelow. Which of the followingionsof transitionelementshas two unpairedelectrons?

c The actualstructureof the nitrateion is |

l:il

e followingbest explainswhy the boilingpointof 2-nitrophenol

1 1 . W h i c ho
'i l

is lowerthan that of 4-
c. v3' D. Fe3* 112t2004)
nitro$heryz(
A7 fhV6ize of 2-nitrophenolis smallerthan the size of 4-nitrophenol
[6t2O021 7/"r. €,
"o^
of the followingmoleculespossessespolarbondsbut its overallmoleculardipolemonrent
18. W_hich
hitrophenolexistsas a monomerwhereas4-nitrophenol existsas a dimer
is zeio?
forms intramolecular
2-nitrophenol hydrogenbondingwhereas4-nitrophenol forms intermolecular
hydrogenbonding
c ruH. B. HzS c. cHrcr sicr. 114t2004)
D. The van der Waalsforcesbetween2-nitrophenol moleculesare weakerthan the van der Waals
Q
19. Which of the followinghas van der Waals forces?
forcesbetweenthe 4- nitrophenol molecules.
1ft Sulphur B. Diamond C. Sodiumchlorroe D. Magnesrumoxide t4t2o05l
-<

t
(
L1 1
it"

{ (

20. The bond anglesof a 2-hydroxyethanamrde moleculeare labeledas a, b, c and d as follows 26. Which species is drawn with the correctshape?
Whichof the followingis the arrangementof bondanglesin ascendingorder? [19i2005] LI
a.
.4
HOH
L-b \c L-d
)rt'
rP.*Kj(
- o ()---..4Lr1'
,,, I\'-'. t
04 -,rJ
-i\- |
H--I-O\-C\ Cr N \ H Fut' I'-.,r
t" .--
I:{ }{
/J, --0
n
'{s}a.O,b,c / B {: I}
A a,b,c c C b.d,c,a n
e.
n k^^
v,v,u,o
\J

21. Nitroj.:ndioxjaeancjcjinitrogen
0
tetraoxideexist in equilibriumin gas phase.Which of the
27 llfil is the correctsequenceof N2,N2Haand Nz(CHr)z
accordingto the ascendingorder of their
follow,lrlq
statemenis rs tr-ue? [7t20071
123t200sl N z , N z H a ,N 2 ( C H 3 ) 2 c NzHn,Nz(CHs)2,
Nz
e,'y{tO" ntoi""rL i". t*o dative bonds. }(
B,/l'tOzntolecllelrasone sigmaand one pi bonds. N..
\'
@ N 2 , N 2 ( C H 3 ) 2N
, 2H4 D. N2(CH3)2,
Nz,NzHa
C. The bond angtein r.iOzrnolecuteis 120bC.o( /l
D. The hybridizJrio,r 28.\hfch statementexplainswhy nitrogenand oxygengasesdo not reactundei roonrconditionsbut
of nitrogenatom in N2Oamoleculeis sp3o< 0
6 p6 nitrogenoxidesduring lightningand in the combustionengineof a car? IZ3I2OO71
22. fhe boiiir.;g prrintsof CHgOHand CHSH are 64.5oCand 5.8oCresoectively.What is the causeof _7.2€-\Bondingenergyof nitrogenmoleculeis very high.
tfreCiffererice in ilrc boilingpoints? B. Nitrogenand oxygenare inertdiatomicgases
[3/2006] C. Electronegativiiy
of nitrogenand oxygenelementsis high.
tJi I fhe O-l-lo,:ncj's -cr!cirgertlranthe S-H bond.
D. Nitrogenoxidesare not stableunderroom conditions.
lijl*/(fl| Hydrogenbonosexjst betweenCH3OHmolecules.
C. CH3SHrriolt):-'.,r',,)
Ii is biEgeithan CHrOI-lmolecure.
lri
l;ii
D. The electronegiji;vrry
-lhe
01oxygenis higherthan that of sulphur.
'
"' -,,iu1,
l.

flt{
' t

r''""--'-.
',.
".
'

"
29. The iolic -rag! -olfgr{&!r gle as_fqltorrys:
lon I lonicradius/nm I ?
23. table beiowsilowsthe sizes and chargesof six ions. i;' . it'i i P- 0.095 | ,q, g
'''',irjj e2- 0.031 i' O(tt t
ill lt 2.,' | 0.181
'
+1
ll'.'t,
\'*$\-
'"ri R' |
'
0.136
0.116
:fi n)T*-T 0 .r:s--
o 135 *z
+2 / ,/ _s' I
;il| --
:--- *r\** ! Whichioniccompoundhas bolQingwith tne greatestcovalentcharacter?
[5i2008]
OtSt +2 A. PR B. PS
lfi g OR, D. QS2

imi
rill
[6/2008]

liiir A.which of the following

tJX < UY < \il,/Z
repieielGTnecorrectasienoingoroerorriatti""energy?
uv<ux<wz
l4t2o06) xX
irli @
B. UX<WZ<VY

24
D. VY<UX<WZ

have eithe|onic or covalentbondsor both. Which of the followingstatementsis

Y?0r 32 A gohpound X with a high melting point dissotvesIn water and conductseleclricitvin molten
[7t20081

. .Cornpounds
,onrcbt)nds?
:ot::{of Invorve
the transfei,)ione or more electronsfrom s, p or d orbitals.
[9/2006]
c ffi..
ComOoundX most probabtycoutd be
carbonate B. magnesiumoxide C.Aluminiumchloride D. strontiumsulpirate
[5/2009]
a yy -ffJPotassium
-'

@ F"o strengthof ronrcbonds is proportional

to the size of the ions. (i J't

iii
i!!
9/\n.V Invoiveronswith stableelectronicconfiguration.
b iney riisulrin the formarionct soii.Jcompourids.
33 Polyatornicmoleculesand ions have varietjgeometries.Whichspeciesano gecmetry
correspondcorrectly? rA/?n^cr
ii!l Species Geometry ^X
!til 25. which of ihe fcllowingspe9i.5s
has the nrostnumberof unpairedelectrons? NHz- Linear'( - N-
[16/2006] x^ I,t
n3u TrigonalplanarL
A. rN' 6 l ," JO r . ' vc ,:1'Ig' D. 2tSb sict4 Squareplanar b*
V T lClg T-shaped rh
tszs,)ys lsLrsL 4 t 7s'
ls')s'? 4f 1'1, T t(

|
o O i

o [6t2007]
L:
\,.
, / i\ A. 2.51x 1023 . 5.02 x 1023 C. 2.sl x fi2a D 3 . 0 1x ' 1 0 2 4
[7t20091

8
 (
/ /' I
/
35. Two,l.iQuidsP and Q of the same volume are allowedto evaporate. lt is found that P evaporates ..'--r.' 4
f{ Wlrlcncompound hasan ionicbond?
-C. d.
first b96re Q does. Which statementexplainsthis observation?
A,Phe vapour pressureof P is lower than that of Q.
l2l2o1Tl F.J HCI
\'/ (^r
B.- BeCl2- 6- AtBr:
L;
\a-lgh'yjr'- (4t2013)
f t-
@The intermolecularforces of P is weaker than that of Q. 42.Tie Lewisstructurdsof molecules
HF,HrO , anciNH3are shown respectivelybelow
C. The delslty of Q is higherthan that of P D. Q is moreviscousthan P
z'
H
36.r7ft strengthof intermolecularforces determinesthe boilingpoint of a substance Which hydride } I- F : H-O-H I
bds the lowest boilinqooint? [6/2010] H-T-H
,/@ pHs B.' NHs c. Hzo D. HF Which statementabout the moleculesis not true? (5/2013)
_4. HF and H2Omoleculesare planar. €' d cU o v ./
37. The structuralformulaof sucrose is as follows: B.rtlrO moleculeis a strongerLewis baie tttan ttft, molecule./
\€1me boilingporntsof the molfriG'ii-lrease in the order of H2O,HF, NH3 F
QlThe hydrogenbonds formed by the moleculesdecreasein the order of HF, HzO, NHr.

43. The atomic numberof severalelements representedby letterswhich are not the usual symbols
for the elementconcernedin the PeriodicTabie is shown in the table below
Delow. , bt
- z -JtJ, A
1?
1f )ot 'u--4
I .;o.,/
,c6.$,{6rzotzl
Sucrosereadilydissolvesin water because [8/2010] 44. Which propertyof a diatomicgas explainsits inertngqs? A^pNo{'O\r;? 14/2012)
A.it is a polar molecule. C. it forms a stable complexwith water. A. Smallsize Q) Noblelas configuration
B\it forms hydrogenbonds with water. D. it dissociatesinto simple moleculesin water. Strongcovalentbond Dl Strongintermolecular
forces
v:) CI
38. Which iF the correctsequencefor the compoundsarrangedin order of increasingboilingpoint? .,9 45. TheFometry of a speciescan be deduced from the type of hybridisationof the orbitals of its
@r' (cH3)3cH,cH3cH2cH2cH3,(cil3)2co, cHgcHzcHzoH $
X)ntyrfa|om. Whrchspecies has sp hybridisedorbitalsat its centralatom? f .+ -fJ
- 1612914
V CHgCHzCHaCH3, (CH3)3CH,(CH3)2CO,CHgCHzCHzOH B sicrl X c. so" D..rg-
LI- 1 -
{ (cH3)2co, (cH3)3cH, cHgcHzcHecHg,cHgcHzcHzoH 91"*
D. (CH3)3CH,CHaCHzCHaCHg, CHgCHzCH2OH, (CH3)2CO [61201U / qA.Hydrides of nrtrogenand oxygenare covaienlcompounds.The standardenrhalpiesof
vaporisationoj_loQlyqldes are shown below [aazo12)
39. Which statJxient is not true of the formationof metallicbond? [7120111
A. Ahe delocalisedvalence electronscan move over the whole of the metal lattice. =--@-aH]";xLnrer---
23.40
B"/ The valence orbital of a metal atom is superimposedto form a molecularorbital. 40 67
O Metal atoms which are bigger in size foim a strongermetallicbond. Which sta explainsthe differencesbetweenthe two standardenthalpiesof vaporisation?
D. Atoms in a metalare arrangedclosely. A. The ivity of oxygen atom is higherthan that of the nitrogenatom
B. molecularmass of H2Ois greaterthan that of the NHgmolecule
40. The variationof boilingpointof halogensis shownin the graphbelow H2Omoleculehas a higherdipolemomentthanthat of the NH: molecule
Boiling 200
poinu"C The HzO le has more hydrogenbonds per moleculethanthat of the NH: molecule.

47. tementaccountsfor the inertnessof nitrogengas? 14/2014)

A. a linearmolecule
hasan octetstructure
It has a strongtriplebond
Nitrogenatom uses sp" hybridisedorbitalfor bonding

48. The propertiesof P, Q , R and S are given below.

cl Brt (i) P and Q are conductorswhereas R and S are insulators
,'' (ii) P has higherelectricalconductivity
than Q
Which propertyinfluencesthe variationof boiling^ggilntof the halogens? "o,,'rln. t8t20111 (iii)R has lowerboilingpointthah S.
A. Physicalstate ft Covalentbond
What could P, Q, R and S be? 15t20141
B. Electronafiinity van der Waals forces
P)
/-J
./(
V ,1
7
 oO

?>u ) Rlr s Irij ? ? 1L- tt=o *c\ "0:

O/
L
/P
ts
O
Na
R
Ne
S
Ar
*'$"%I$\"r^ltvb( \\an \ \ 7 . Whichof the followingis/aretrue of carbondioxideand carbonmonoxidemorecules?
u 1 . The moleculesare oolar.
143t20051
B/ Ar Na HzO NH:,X !. 2 . Carbonatomsundergo sphybridizatiog,z' -, f = (\d-
-

' c-- o'

-,L K Ca Brz Clzr( Therc atg o and n bonds between C and O aton{ L \- t<-
lJ Pb Sr HBr HCI l.
rt-
[41t2047]
fp $ctt statementabout the Lewis strucrureof COg'- and NOs- ions is true? 16t20't41
lAl Foth ronsare trigonal-planar
in shape
Bz'Both ions havea iormalchargeon the centralatom [42t20071
., ,,/C. Both ions form two double bonds and one single bondpu
D. Both ionshavecentralarom with one pair of unpairedelectrons.,{
bond angles in methane,ammoniaand water moleculesare shown betow.
50 \a/hichionic cogilQund has rhe highestcovalentcharacter? -/fr.The l44t2OO81
ta/ l7t2115l
A Mgo evo, c. MsF2 petr, I
I
,./@
5'1 Which nl/iieculehas the weakpst inlermolecular force? 18120151
I II
I I
,,,,i\
(.)r
/ -/, \
52 Whi-ch-cornpunci
has the blrorlqestio_nig .'
- - f cSgtd? _ I1Ot2O15l 'r^/-. \ ,,,, ttti
"6--\
i"\
/1tr;.1
v ) N a B\r' \\ q B M r 3 t/) i 2 // /i \
6 nrr. o. xrlff' // u ,,.
n (/ / \ ,) r
a//\

l,V \/ >( .tt {/

li ll il
,/
r -.4- f - P--" t- N./
i r-qdy_Ll rqtgc! i t S1Q_4g!ly q.Le_lglfect I 2 and 3 only are c in the bondanglesin the,threemolecules
is dueto
ffi9-liferelce
1. the numberof lone electrons
oair in the centralatom
f, t Wnrcnof the followingobservatrons can be explarnedfrom the viewpointof intermolecular forces 2. the hybridizationof the centralatom
2ntyI l47t2001l 3. the electroneqativitvof the centralatom
A tne V(H2O)6:-coml:rlexion is vroletwhile the V(HzO)03* complexion is green. :Nv\a
2. CO2is a gas whereasSiO2is a solid. /
ei^r tbO
11./Methane,ammoni-a and waterare threeexamplesof covalenthydrides.Whichstatement(s)
3 Althcughthe size of the sulphuratom is smallerthan the size of the phosphorusatom,the boiling/,/ a/out the bondingin the three moleculesis/arerrue?
p o i n to f s u i p h u irs h i g h e ri h a nt h e b o i t i n gp o i n to f p h o s p h o r u s . n l42lzAOgJ
1)y' me hybridization of C, N and O atoms is sp3/
v 2 The bond lengthin descendingorderisC - H, N - H, O- H.
)V Z W n i c n o ft h e f o l l o v " r i n g s u b s t a n c e s c a n f o r m h y d r o g e n b o n d s w i -atnhdi tw
'1. Ethanat
sei tlhf w a t e r ?l 4 g l 2 } O 1 l 3 The 2umber of lone pair electronsat the centre of their atoms in an ascendingorclerrs C, N, O
2. Ethanot 3.Elhanam|+
) V
l24$itrogen gas is inert. Which statement(s)account(s)for its inertness? I47t201q\
t.tqA,netyrarnmoni,.inr cano" okonnoush acytation whenethanoric Nitrogenmoleculeis non-polar.
"l'.13"1?"".,aNCr,
an:+noniais heaiedlvilh exccss of ammonia in a closed tube. Which of the followingis correct
(/
!/2. Nitrogenmoleculehas a strongtriplebond.
^ ralgarding
relJarotng
tetramethylam,ncn
rerrameltytam,n.nrum
ium ctitonde'1
cliloride? l41l200lJ 3. )tr'trogenatom uses sp3 hybridorbitalfor bonding.
1 Tetramethylarumonium chtoridehas a high meltingpointand a high boilingpoint.
\ -)
2. The chemicy'bondinciudesccvalentbondsand ionicbonds.
3. The catrcfis retrairedral
in shape. '/s- gona angles may be deducedfrom the type of hybridisationof the centraratom Whichion(s)
p has/havea greaterbond angle than that in a CHa molecule?
^ 4 Which 9flthe follovr,rrrg
speciesjlg-not have a tetrahedralshape ? I42t2OO2l 143t20111
PH47 z. tcj; 3. XeFa D1Arcr2.2cos'tao.;'
C1
cl ./
ts?) V / h i c h o f t h e _ f o l l c w i n ga r e p o t a r i z e d m o l e c u t e s ?
_ 2. 3-hexene
I- (
il'iJtr""r,roro,.net'ane(
I
[43/2003]
14.)Vhichstatement(s)
71 l.TEachoxygenatomin the molecule
v 7. lt hasa covalent
is/aretrueof waterin a solidstate?

bondanda hydrogen
is bondedto fourotherhydrogqr/6ioms
bond
I43t2O12l
c
o Which of the statementsis true of HF, HzO and NH3molecules? I t h a s a t e t r a h e ds rt a
r ul c t u r e
Nr l43t2O04l .'.1, '' - - ] , ; . . j i : a
All possess hydrogenbonding.,,/
l \ 2 The polarisabilil the moleculesincreasesin the orderNH:. HzOand HF ,'i ''-':"i
"i:'
3 Theborling increasein the order HF, H2Oand NHa. i',';. . ":: \?i
;q '' i.;,.,.
l. . i': ;' ;.
./\ , ,i'
Y\
_ ::$t'
.sli=,"_i
,. F)
,o
 fhnsL* Lulb
TE 6- Chemical

L Whichof the followinEis correctwith regardto the equilibriumconstani,K. of a reversiblereaction?

D B.
Bothhavethe samevalueunderthe samepressure.
A. 'Both
havethe samovalue"fqq gaseoussystemonly.
C. . Bothare constantunderall donditions.
@ eotnwillchangewhen temperature changes.,
E. Bothwill changewhen.theconcentration of the reactan
( 11 / 1g e e )
2 . The graphbgl6wshowsthe variationof concentration
of substanceXwith pressure.

Pressure/atm

Xf iqf'of the followingecluilibrium

reactionscouldgivethe graphabovea constanttempera
Q51I tgl 2w (s)t6 y (s) + z (s) D, W(s\+ 2x (g) =::=
B. 2W
Wh( g + (Xo()9 ) =
\ +) X Es.-- Y ((og\)++7Z( (og\ ) "-
2Y F
E. / / n+
t / . (g)
r/ / n \ -=.*
\ +fY 19;
w (g)+ 2x (g) -=- 2Y (s) + Z (g)v
3. A reversible
reactioncan be represented
by the followingequation.
a +R+s
\- . .Which
, , . f . of
g .the following
statementsis correctwhen
the systemis in equilibrium? /
/
A, Reactionsis in boththe directionsstopped. /
{ The ratesof reactionfor boththe directions are different. /
(Q The concentration of P, Q, R and S are alwaysconstant./ /
D. The concentrationof P, Q, R and S are the same. /
E. The massof P, Q, R and S are the same. (10/2000)
4 . The partialpressuresof nitrogen,hydrogenand ammoniafor the reaction
Nz(g) + 3Hz(g) - -- lNHr (g) are a, b and c respectively.lf the pressureisinereescCto twice its originalvalue,
1 at constanttemperature,the expressionfor the equilibrium
I
constant,Ko,is givenby (11t2000]|
2c2
@ *o=
#
'------; ./ D' Kp= ,,
4ab' r' aD-

B. Ko=
^2
L

,;F
K1= EKp=u
qc'v\
{

2|>"
ab
^J'
ic.)n=
"
".
\-/ -ab'
!\ '/
In whichof the followingequilibrium

d;":,y,,(,':'
will the amountof product pressureof the systemis
increasedat conetanttemperature? + (13/2000)
A. CaCO3(s) - CaO (s) + COz(9) 2Hzo(s)+ 2Cl(9).
B . CaCl,(g) -=- CO (g) + Clz(g) A E.4yfts) +5oz(e) aNo (g)+ 6HzO(9)
H 2( g ) + 1 2( g ) - * 2 H t( g ) q , LO
ln a chemicalprocess,XO3is producedaccordingto the foilowingequation
2Xo2(g) + oz (g) <= B
2Xog (g) aH = -198kJ
L.)
Whichof the followingcombination
Pressure Temperature
will givethe highestyieldof XOg,atequi
Catalyst
fffi1vr
=\semp11ryE
A Low Low '' Absence
\+N--'4zi
@ Hinh I vav, r^ , - , /
u Absence
 :0
-ratl)
r{cl
- ('dS
c, Low High Piesence
D *,y Hish bffit Kp=K.Er)_e,- (1t2oo1)
Al
(?6-''3[ varue?
same
the ( E+=
- - - l

(g) + 2Cl(g) Kc= H='fi*#ve

Cl2ili'g'-'''%BliJiok[ 6 ' rp=?,erl - tYc n4(
A (g)+ (9) 2No clz =
",-
2Nocl(g) 4 a
/ '
) 3Fe(s)+ 4H2O(g) -= Fe3Oa(s)+ 4Hz{g)r X
. cH3cooH (l)+ (l)
cHscF{zoH <- (l)+ H20(i)
cH3coocHzcH3 (13/2001)
x
&z C0
/equitiorium
r equilibrium
constants, aregivenbelovr.
at 823K, fortworeactions t, A,8-J9-
U8-9y- ' '. >, -'-t--
K^
K. -
' m:l#^, - {l:l:i9!91 dr' (Pv
ll1- tpt Az ('Dz-
h)u L0'
Lo'
ffilWn, = €((ji:Hi\i f'1u^7^^i,:\!r,
Calculate
theequilibrium
constant, reaction.
at 823K,forthefollowing Vr) brzrz-'K,'t = t, i- - G C()"
--z (g)
COz \r/ * H,
"e (g)
\vi
=::= CO (g) " ' (g)
\v/ + HzO \r/ - 'l\r-*
.y' v 1 r*.r
L,-I ,60 Fl>
,AO H, M(h U)
L0
A o.tszKrxd'.t- /tf ,.r1, e. 423 D. 557 (2nonz)
tJ,, t+l
Y processfor the manufacturing
The industrial by the equationbelow:
of ammoniais represented
Nz(g/+ 3Hz(g) E- 2NHs (g) LH = -92kJ
IJ
Whichf the followingcan be deducedfor the followingreaction:
=- Nz(g)+ 3Hz(g) AH = r' tVQ- . aAc
reactionis exothermic.
x
B. willincrease the valueof the eouilibrium X
constant.
Theequilibrium
constant
increases
astemperature X
decreases.
(13t2002)

Cn
A- 124t2002)

Crr Which aboutthe effectof a catalvston a reversiblereactionsis true?

A. the rateof the forwardreactionmorethanthat of the reversereaction
B. decreasesthe valueof the equilibrium constantof the fonruard reaction.

I It changesthe mechanismof the chemicalreaction.

collisionvelocitvof the particlesof the reactants.
It increasesthe ef.fective
I
(16/2003)

I tz.24lnichDtl*rg:tg|U'wing
statements reaction
is truewhena reversible equilibrium?
reaches
| \ Q! The'torwar8land reversereactionsarethe same./
B. The concentration of the reactantsand thatof the productsare the same.
A The activationenergy of the forwardreactionand thatof the reversereaciionare the same.
ffi fne ratioof the concentration of the reactantsto thatof the productsis constant. (15n0A4)

A ' 13 Theequiljbrium constant, Kr,'forthedecomposition of calcium carbonate,

Ca9O,(:) =* CaO(s)* CQa(g)
.^ l s 1 6. 611 1 0 -' "' "aat m
t maat 2
t 29988KKaanndd6x6. 3
.130 "- "aat m
t maat 5 . Whhi ci cht hooef f o l [ q w i n g s t a t e m e n t s i tsht reu e o f
t 50000KK. W
2'6rposition? , t.*,o,/.- ? | L
Thbforwardreactionisendothermic/F:|;/F.t,rhusol-0'Q9rlQO}t>
Kodepends on themassof CaCo3. ;: i i 6'a b &-hV -.
Therateoffonruard reaction decreases as thetem-pdrature increases. ov{ u,2 , o,QE ,
The activation
energyof forwardreactionincreasesas the temperature
increases. *'
Thoanlirrafinnanar^r/nffnnrrare|raanlinninnraocacaclha*amnara}ttrainataaeoc
,., (3/2005)
.
'
ur )-7 "'' 0 tq'
l'
h'J r+, Theaequilibrium
O'gq
nr rilihrir rn
reactionlbptween
raanrian .a+r,aan
X and rYcan
r,' ^^A z nan
[e represented
ka raaraaa**an
by the equation
Frrr +ha aar ralian

\,\9 2x (g)+ y (syo'rg ii @1o'wV

r!:r lf 1.6 mol of X and 1.0 mol of Y are placedin a coniainerof volu$e 2.0 Um,3'e1ldleftto reachequilibrium at T "C, it
,:--) is found.that the concentration of Z at is
equilibrium 0.45mol dm-:lWhat iftiie valle of the constant
equilibrium K.
' '
C")'J;*'ctionattlttou, c22 @.r PrDbla^^
'rv--v'
(18/200s)
\_-/

C ,U At 2.0 dm3stopperedflaskat T "C contains0.50rnolof SO2,0.010mol of 02 and 4,6 mol of SOeat equilibrium,
CalculateK" for the followingequllibriurn at T "C. (13/2006)
2 S O z( g ) + O z( 9 ) = = 2 S O r( g )
A . 5 . 9x 1 0 - ' m o l ' d m - '
B. 9.2 x 1A2mol3dm-1 ,'$1,:
1 0 3m o l 3d m - 1
1 0 4m o l 3d m - 1 :
z
 l,l, t, 2 >uL.
16. Hydrogenand iodinevapourare mixedat 425'C, Whatare the s, in moldm-",of hydrogen,iodine
anOnyUrogen iodideat equilibrium?
'A| K",at 425'C is 57.71
[Theequilibrium
constant,
Hydrogen lodine Hydrogen iodide
@ 0.030 0.020 0 . 18 6
B . 0.120 0 . 11 0 0.761
0.646 0 . 15 0 0.041
D. 0.893 0.646 0.010 (13t2007)
A
ttl \ - . - 1q a l, ,r,,{lL n
- r\'\//
4( -17) -'"-'::'*-'r":;';;-;'i_.;;:.;;;;"'"
ydrideis hydrolysed
Ethanoicanhydride hvdrolvsedaccordinq
according
to the equatio
equation
i =r.0 | -' -ffi-t0.ot*:\
.I OA'J-
| ' + H2o-----+2cH3cooH -11J,_, "9((qtzOoz)
. .(gH3co)2o ..T_'. '
0.0500moleof ethanoic thesolution
is addedto 1.00dm3of water.AftertherfJctionis cbmpleted,
anhydride
fqrmedhas pH valueof 2.87.What'isthe valueof thl€otd dissociation - of the solutionformed?
constant,K^, , ,
(a)stl x 104 a sJr4} (' c. jl#t' , / x 10-8
l,gr/toJ vfrgtl /,3juto-L^,
I \ -/ 1,6>rro-s// l:.
)v t A. tn aqueous solution, chlorate (l) ions,CIO-,arehydrdfsedaccording $r{heequation |t ',f).K
J - ^ ' tfrf ^ - r
c l o -( a q ) +H z o( 9 ) = - - H C l o( a q ) +o H - ( a q )
Whatis thepHvatueof a z.dox to-zmotor:'rof rtionoi sodium , , 1 , - , , \ r , _ A ,
g(torate(l),NaClO,at25"C?n 1 ^ r 6 ^ ^ X
t -" t
[At25 "C,base djssociationoconstant, Ks,of CIO is 3.30x rc] rtl dm-3and ionicproduct of water, A[)Yl\J")
K* is 1.00x '19-ra molzdm-01 / 05120071_- - '
A. 4.09 B. 7.52 c. ,22 9.91

The equilibrium 'C.lf 1 0 cim3of an

, K", for ,$rron betweenethanoland ethanoicacidis@pl25
constant
aqueoussolution
solulroncontaining
contarnlng
92.u "
92.0gretnanol
g(ethanoland
dllul iand
t l l U 12C.0
lzu.u g eetnanolc
laU.|tJ g ethanoic
UlallUlU l u l u lrs
acid
cacro l t left1o
is llenlo
t i l l . ! ( J lreaerunlil
edu-1 Ulltll E t { u l l l t J l l u l l l l D is
reaet/unfilequilibrium
equlllDnum rsoall?lne(
attgineQat
ttgrrlcY sr ill h
f-
1-
25"C,whatisthemasso'fethany(teft? i-
2- b4AgOU
fut[tE)U CLll(0o14. )
+ CLttrcoL( (,Lt7tor{7114;Wzv
tt4ttocS2t!
-) .IRelative
,!(elativemolecularmasses
massesy'[dthanol Fthanoicacidare 46.0and 60.0 respectivelyl
and ethanoic (11l2q0g)
(1112909
$re +s,0,N
$te I 7sl 0.bU-\
, c. 613s b" g' /" 6
D zs.o
iO'V ,W30
20. ln whichit:?tio[\!" valileof &g.gpr9 thevalueof Kr? (12/2008;)
@'
{
Nro+€L
Cb-,*(d.C5=
q':;i,3,'r';n,p,
-lc6tgl
2Noz(g)
- .t c,LlsL
C>A60L|
c>Hb}l-ltcns%, tlLylooc>l.tg
nai *ffl;niil-# ,(.,(Qrf.a-nrum; ,6'
erYntuR:",?l^'':"n""1:?:,,hvdrosen
rerli:?iFti$"-"r,T:'
sases y" -gu$rn''u 'r,
tgt'- au='L
zNH'
which,*J;]".J"ri,liil?,"""1J,*/
[i!,nruy$,
.i,: ,,-ffi !
#3,r*%
''-::.':-'.'-" ' \ 'U .
,a-'-, ,.
N (\)f he reactron is endothermic
|,\ -E=Jhe reactionoccurs throughthreesteps.
, \ (C 'fhe valueof theequilibriumconstant morethan500oC.
is lowerat a temperature
'Olfne percentage yieldof ammoniaincreaseswhenthepressure is reduced.{ i23l20081
22, A mixtureof 0,60mol of carboxvlicacidX, 0 50 mol of alcoholy, 0.60mol of esterZ and 0,40mol of waterof total
f volumeV dm3is refluredin the presenceof hydrochloric only0.40 mol of X remains.What is
acid.At equilibrium,
\-. +h6 ^rra^.i^^t .,^t,,^ ^t u 1^.lt-^,^^^r;^a

(i) Decreasing pressureat a constanttemperature

(ii) lncreasingtemperature at a constantpressure
Theequilibriumsystemwhose reactionploductwll_lrcrcase-inquantitywhen subjectedto the abovechangeis

A H = negative
A l-f = negative
4 11=positive../
A H = negative (11/2009)

'\'a)
'..,).-/'
 24. Whichequilibrium
systemandtheexpression
of equilibrium of partialpressure,
constant Ko.do not correspond
correctly?
Equilibrium
sysfem Expressionof equilibriumconstantof paftialpressure

o
B.
3Oz(g)* 2O.(g)

2Hz(il + Oa(g) =- 2H2O(r)

"
p2
l\'^ = ----;
pn"

J__
(/1

p2

P 'u' 7'tP
'2
n
p
'(:o
COz(g)+ Hr(g'=- CO(g) + HzO(l)
Pr.u.xPr,.

-
CHsoH(i) co(g) + 2Hz(9) K, = Pc,x Pr,' J
111t20101
25.Thepercentage mixtureof the reactionX(g) + v1g;
volumesof a gas Z in the equilibrium in
Z(g)areshown
the tablebelow:
volumeof
Pressure
/ atm
10 14,7 1.2
100 52.5 /0.6
300 71.0 24.4
600 84.2 42.2

n Whichstatementis true of th'eeouilibrium

' reaction?
\2r/ fne reactionis exothermic.I .
B. The production of gas Z is followedby an increasein volume.
G. The.pfoduction of gas Z iircreaseswhen 5 caialystis added.
D. The optimumconditionsfor the production of gas Z are20A"C 600atm. fi2t2A1Al
26.' Nitrogenmonoxideis producedin internalcombustion to thefollowing
enginesand from lightni according
'equation; Nz(g)+ oz(g) =- 2NO(g), 611= positive

Whichstatementis true aboutthe productionof nitrogenmonoxide?

A. The reactibnof formationof nitrooenmonoxidereleasesheat.
B^Highpressure
intheenginepromotes
theformation
of nitrogen ir{a

F,Figh temperature
dueto petrol in
combustion theenginepromr production
of nitrogen
V/monoxide.
D. Highconcentrations
of nitrogenand oxygenare due to lightni whichoromotethe
production
of nitrogenmonoxide. P4t2A1Al
27. Forthe equilibrium reaction
C(g) + o(g) *, E(s) + P(g) _AH= *tu
percentage yieldof F at pressurep atm are 88% at 200oCand
Whichstatementis true of the equilibrium?

I The reactionshiftsto the rightwiththe releaseof heat.

The reactionshiftsto the leftwith the decreasein volume.
Thevaluesof K. and Koarethe sarne.I
D. The yieldof F can be increasedby the additionof a catalyst.l 112t20111

f Zg. Oneof theequations

of thereactions
in themanufacture process
acidby Contact
of sulphuric is asfoliows:
L-/
2soz(g)+ oz(g)::=2sos(g)
- **3F
)xroi"' f Xr-09'-"-. (
Whena ratioof 2 . 1 of SOeand 02 at a )e of 3.00x 105Pa is passedovera cataivstat 400oC.the
percentageof conversionof SO2into E"ih^enffie;iE;l valuebt r, ior the equilibriumat 400oc?
A. 1.22x 10'5 9.00x 10-a
B. 2 . 2 2x 1 O s 8 . 1 0x 1 0
3 /.gvto9 [13/2011]
: S02 r?) .l*\* ? &or D
:l
,b
l":t,At L
f@
lAt li.y-
\
5m Jx0tl i-(rxo,9rf) o,1vL D )),1vl
C,L Orl /,V 4-
4i-t' ),1
 29. The reforming of methaneis the principalcommercialsourceof hydrogengas eouation
. for the
__endothermic
reactioninvolvedis as follows:
CHq(g) + Hzo(g) e;* co(g) + 3Hz(9)
the quantityof hydrobngas formedcan be increasedby
At equilibrium,
A. addinga suitablecatalyst C. addinga dehydratingagent
4) increa-sing the temperature D. reducingthe volumeof the (12t2012M)
IJ X
30. The conversion of coalto combustiblegasesis representedby equation:
following
u.
C(s) + HzO(g) J& co(g) + Hz(9) AH=+131kJ
q*{*$#
t.
.r 'N rt,l
K-l
^J,9lz\z
' -
Whenthe temperature of the reactionis increasedat equilibrium, t-3 r'o;
A. the valueof K. decreases tli
B. the valueof K^and K are the same 0,b I
l\l.
l,v
Q tne pressure6t tne systemincreases./ t.
lv'
llJ

the increasein the valueof k-r is greaterthanthatof k1 3 l12t2o12l

N'
I
31. A mixtureof nitrogenand hydrogengasesin the moleratioof 1 : 3 is allowedto reactuntilequilibriumis reached.
- At equilibrium, of the nitrogenhas reacted.lf the pressureof the gasesmixtureis 1.0 atm at equilibrium,
50o/o
113t20121

rs correct Arecorrect _ i 2 and re correct 2 and 3 are correct

32.Whichof the followi changeswill increasethe yieldof hydrogengas in the followingreaction? (43t2002)
Co (s)+ t'l g) <-- CO2+ l-1rig; AFf = -4i kJ
1. Increasing pressure 2. Decreasing the temperalure/ 3. Additionof water vapaur,/

reached.lt is foundthat at equilibrium,B0%of ethanoicacidhas reacted.When 0.5 mol of ethanoicacid is added

\ to the mixture,a new equilibrium is reached
At the newequilibrium,
1. the quantityof wateriri the containerincreases/ W -z-
0J oJ_'
tl t

ll,+
1- 2-
2. the valueof equilibrium constantK" is 4.6 X
3. the concentration of ethanolis 0.48mo[dm-3 o.l 0,3h 0,q . (4sl2ooi)
34 The equilibrium
constantK" for the reactionP (aq).+Q (aq) R (aq)+ S (aQ)determinedat vartous
temperatures
are as follows. (:vqiltt € /c{3f00(21'l
-,\ 6
- [lltoop,
t1 ) - o,T
.' n
:rymol
.^
0 r1- ,-z^- o,T 0,v o,y
n {./
n.9

K.-'q,A
zdJ 0.142
zvJ 0.142 $iilt)
0.142
Basedon the abovedata,it can be concludedthat /
1. the reactionhappenswithoutheatchanges"
energy
2. the forwardand reversereactionshavethe sameactivation
(45t2004)
3. the fonruard
and reversereactionshavethe sameorder
-taYE
The graphbelowshowsthe effectof temperaturef on the equilibrium K, for the reaction
cOnstant,
x(g) + Y(g) ==> z (s)

t\ \,.
I
l\
t\ '=-- ,,,?\
I
I
l7
T 5
 --AH
lnk = AT
I
IC

Whichof thefollowing
conclusions
t{out tn/gr aphis/arecorrect?
SrmicY{ /
of Z intheequilibriummixtureincreases.
nt of Z in the equilibrium
mixtureincreases (43i2006)

36. In the reaction,the equilibrium

positionis unaffected
by the changein temperature.
Which statement(s)
the reactionislaretrue? --:- .

@ ttWalw Kc doer, nvt

"( '- Jrrrttt,
-- '--' -J
enthafpychangeof the reactionis negetive (44t2007)
;e"O
37. A reversible
reactionat a cert'ain
temperaturecanbe represented
by thefollowingequation: , - tL\
0 A(g)+B(gI. <=> c(g) tf'f =negative t.)-lv'v/
f/ Whichstatement(s) aboutthereaction is/aretruewhenthetemperature is increased? t{*
?11.Theincreasesintheva|ueofk-1ismorethanthatofk1%,.n,(\
u
U(. U
Z:+[:Y:iffiJ:il,'yr::Lryrq"r*.( {u,[r[K\) ,43,200e)
1
38.Theequitibrium6ifi;il".lion tt, (g)+ oz (g) =.- 2No(g)varies
withtemperature
ras shown
in the graph below. r \ \ - k{ t-, ^ns'
E-*t

'-.{
(a Whichstatement(s)
is/aretrueof the aboverpaction?
::.4'
f: ./

b l +ffi1"#ilij3::1i[J'r",:ff:?"^H:#ffiffia*k*,n0",'"tu,"in",",(
3 The percentage
of the productNO incrciases pressure whenthe increases. (44t2OOg)

39. Threereactionsbelowhaveequilibrium
constant, Kr , Kzand K3.

Oz (g) -E.--
?N-t
/XO 191 K1
_W\gl g) + ozOz (9)
(9) _.*
:-.=---- zJ!Ot('g)
ffi1s1- K2
K2
Zttolgl + !!to-zG) )iNro, l(3
wouldbe the expression
for the equilibrium
constantK for the followingreaction,in termsof K1, K2and Ks ?
2 N 2 O 3( g ) + 2Nz(g) + 3 O z( g ) K

A. 1 / (Kl K2K3)^ 'ir K, Kr, .-\

q K', v :
N3 .L
c r rtr,r,'(.'?1 g iiil x,k,'l u--
.{0. Sulphur
S t t f n h r r r rdioxide
' l i n v i r { e rreacts with
aan}c u r i t l r oxygen
- lto
nvrrnan n fform sulphur
nrm o rrtnhrrr lriaviAa
trioxideiin
n a ra,arair.t^
a reversible:reaction
^^^ri^^ ^^ J^r^,^,^.
as follows: -*b
/^ I

\ ) 2sor1g;+ oz(g) =- 2sos(g)

.a.-bc
( a 2 dm'vessel,the numberof molesof sulphurdioxide,ilygin and sulphurtrioxidein an equilibrium mixtureare a,
ln
\-. b and c respectively.The expression
for the equilibrium
constant,K"forthe abovereactionwill be:
r /1
A.c2t4a2b B.c2tza?b ( ; ) '
G\rl"ro D.2c2ta2b
\J
41. Methanereactswithwaterto form carbonmonoxideand hydrogenas shownbelow: / 9 lL/ h \
C H q ( g )+ H z o ( 9 ) -- + jHr(g) (,Zl
co(s) \1)

dr.
0,\ 3. 6
 When6.0 molesof methanereactwith 1.2molesof waterin a 1 dm3vessel,0.2 molesof waterare present
at
constant,]G 2
eouilibrium. What is the valueof the equilibrium
B. 19. 1A 27
DA
42. Whichof the followingreactionswill increasein yieldwhenthe is decreasedat a constanttemperature? nN
A. Nz(g) + 3Hz(g) 2NHg(g)
- iil"
B. Hz(g) + coz(s) + co(s), '
.rb n Nilr
n HzO(g)
V q2soz(g) +oz(g) 2SOg(g) r
n'stgl i l2(s) 2Hl(g) + S(
&
43. Equalmassesof Nz.NHgand NzOare injectedintoa vacuumcontainerto. a totalpressure
of 3 atm.
Whichof the followingis trueof the partialpressuresof Nz , NHsand NzO?
D
A.
B.
PNz
PNz
= PNHe
PNH3
=
<
PNzO
PNzO
C P N H3
6)
PNz
.
< PN2O
pNz
PNHg a
44. The equilibriumconstantl$ for the followingreactionis 319 Pay' 298 K and 1.8x 10" Pa at 5500K.
caco3(s) rF-* pao(s) * Fo, ( g ) A h = *
r Whigh.plthe followingstatementis correct? ,,/
'\
A. hme forwardreactionis endothermif
r )Bl lncreasing pressurewill increasethe yieldof CO2
C. The valuiof Kodependson the amountof CaCp
D. The amountof COzproducedis not affectedbyttdmperature

45. Considerthe followingreaction:

Hz(g) + lz(g) =: 2Hl (g) A H = -9.6KJ
What is the effectof increasingpressure?
A. Increasesthe rateof the forwardreactiononly
B. lncreasesthe rateof the reversereactiononly
O\ Increasesthe rate of both fonryardand reversert by the factor
t/ ln"r""r"s the rateof forwardreactionmorethan e rate of t reversereacton.

46. In the reaction2Aq * B, + 2AzB, that Giventhat

3,36x 1018.
[Az]"q= 0.0224moldm-"and [A2B]uo = 0.54 moldm . Whatis I 2
A . 7 . 9 1 x1 0 - ' m
' oldm-' A ) 2 . 1 2 x1 0 - 1 6m o l
B 2 . 1 2x 1 0 t sm o ld m - 3 D . 1 . 4 5x 10-8nrol

47. A mixtureof nitrogenand chlorinegaseswas keptat a certain

Nz(g) + 3Cl2(g) -- 2NClg(g)
r Whenthe equilibrium mixturewas analysed,it contains0.0070mol N2,0.0020mol of Clzand 0.95molof NCls.
Calculatethe equilibriumconstant( for lbq
thr$reactron.
reaction
\ 2 a . 4 . 0x 1 0 1 m
1 oldm-3 Q 4 . 0x 1 0 1 1d m 6
B. 4.0x 1012 moldm-3 D. +.0 i to'2 dmomol-z

in fn enclosedsystem:
48.Thefollowingreactionis allowedto attainequilibrium
Ir
CaCOg(s) -- CaO(s) t Coz(g) AH=-17B,3kJmol-' l.p
A. the initialamountof CO2(g) I
-- of A willcausethe
49. In the system AB(s) - A(g) + B(g),doubling eouilibrimconcentration
equilibrium of B to changeto
concentration
A. twiceitsoriginalvalue. one-th its originalvalue
naritsoriginalu.'r" h its originalvalue
@
* nA
o,Fi"2-
\(/
lt c,,

o .F
 ,h
o'0[ 0.0$ C)^s Lo- 7,/
t4.I0rr tlKOH l,'1rO-bae

tu
-ln
( | I r l n a t i s t h e p H o f t h e s o l u t i o n o b t a i n e d w h e n 3 o 0 c m 30o.f2 m o ld m ' 3 s u l p h u r i c a c i d i s a d d e d t o 2 0 0 c m 3 o f which of the following equation does the OH' ion act as a conjugateacid?. (Q14/2ool)
.f
\-Z r0{mol dm'" aqueous potassium hydroxide? A. HS'(aq) + HzO0) t' HzS(aq) + OH'(aq)
A.L1jo B.6.88 c. s.sl D.12.60 E.13.30 (fl13/1ess)
_, ( , f o .Dzr L B. HSO3'(aq)+ HzO(l) . - HzSOr(aq) + OH'(aQ)
- \ o1 3J '
t. V*", ionizes accordingto the equation 00;d' -L -
J + - OH-(aq)+ OH-(aq)
Hzo (l) r=+ nt(rqi * orit ("q) @ o'- ("q) HzO(D .
lf the concentration of water is c iihd its degree of dissociation is c, which of the following expression is
D . N H r ( a q )+ H 2 O( l ) . t N H i ( a q )+ O H - ( a q )
not correct? (Q14/1999)
A. tH'l = toHl . looo
o. motdm3 8. A6 aqueouS solution of ethanedioic acid contains H2C2O1, HC2O4',C2O42',H3O' and HzO with different
\ l{'l= ca,./ "= t8 concentrations.Which of the followiqg\speciegis the strongest base? q10/2002)
G) x"= co' A. Hrcroo B. Hc2o1' (b)'croo'' D. Hro
E . 6 -= [ H ' ] [ o H ] ,
[Hro] "/ 9. The ilensity of glacial ethanoic acid is 1.05 g cmo. What is the pH of the_solutiontofi-medilfre-n2.0'cm3of

3. What is the pH of the buffer solution formed when 500 cm3 of .q.?-mol
o,l
dm'3 ethanoic acid, CH3COOH,is
th'eacid is dissolved in distilled water and tht volume made up to 200 cm3? (q14t2002)
lRefative atomic mass: C,12,H,1, O.16;Theacid dissociation cons'tant,K",of ethanoic acid = 1.8x 1d'5mol dryrsl
a d d e d t o 5 0 0 c m 3 0 . 3 3 m o l d m 3 s o d i u m e t h a n o a t e , c H r c O O N0a. l?b b
[ A c i d d i s s o c i a t i o nc o n s t a n to f e t h a n o i c. y 4 , K ^ = 1 . 7 5 r 1 0 ' 5m o l d m i l
A. 4.00 B. 4.20 C. 4.sl (g/ 4.97 E. 5.33
(015/1999)
A. 0.76
Ne{g) + 3Hr (g)r--l
B. 2.4s
}lHs
(g)
2.7s
9
aH - 93 &J
D. 2.s0 *ffit'
10. Barigfi.hiqtgxide iS a strong base. Which bdt chart representsthe presence of species in 0.1 mol dmJ
4 . T h e g r a p b b e l o w i s t h e t i t r e t i o n c u r v e o b t a i h e d . w h e h 5 0 b i r0i r. o
1ml oldm-3ethanoicacldlstitrEitedwithri
aqu6ouSbaridrhhydroxide? [11/2OO3l
0.1 mol dm"'sodium hydroxidd solutioh. [bft. o] ethanoic acid = 4.8j

'
\-/" nrolrln
{no{ lo ierlcl

.-';;it;'Tl:-.
,t:
//
-
!.-ir'jr.'i.

' Ar\,
t.s'
!atotl)z
/t':t .
,lrr
l : # "ir .. . " - , , ' *...r,,t ; ' j
ii
'.r, .-r- t- /
, . 1 . , i r . . - . _ . e-Al
.j..:l
+ : ,
nrol rlm-r

:0s170&90

At what pH is the buffer capacitythe

A. At the neutralizationpoint, that is at pH = 7.0
f,E'l When the pH = pka,that is at pH = 4.8 -, ,til(oil): uur' ot{- l.t'
Y B e f o r et h e a d d i t i o no f s o d i F m h y d r o x i d e t, h a t i s a t p H = 4 . 2 Spccrcs
D . A f t e r t h e a d d i t i o no f 1 0 c m " o f s o d i u m h y d r o x i d e , t h a it s a t p H = 1 0 . 6
E. After the addition of excess sodium hydroxide,that is at pH = 10.6 (o14/2900)
C
I
5. Which of the following graphs correctly shows the variation of pH when 20.0 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm'3aoueous 11. In an acid-basetitration, a 1.0 inol dm{ solution of an acid. The graph below shows the variation of pH
sodiuin carbollate is titrated with a 0.2 mol dm{ of hitric acid using phenolphthaleinand methyl orange. value of the solution with the volume of the base added.
(o16/2000)

t--
l\
l4
tl
l2

.li
ll
,l l
ll
lo

tl

1){
l'----
n*---l;---T-
i\
li
,-__l_____il.=
pH7
tt

6
5
.l
Volumc
ol llIO rtmr
l
2
6. What is the pH of the solution_formedwhen excess ammonium chloride is shaken with aqueous ammonia
of concentration
0.1 n/Slctmr?[The
basedigs4ciation
constantof ammoniais t.g xr0'3mliil1,i;;/r0i;1j o
A.1to4 €! 4to7 ,i-C..lztorr
\r-D .1 1 t o 1 4 I r ,q c'V Vbluure of base aclcled./cml

!MJ'^n
=Fku*11
rol.i
tJ
 sb*a.
what are the acid and base used in the titration which produced the above graph?
(Q14/2003)
Acid Base
HN03 KOH
B. HCI NH.
q. cH3cooH NH;
A+. cH3cOoH NaoH
l2r,Aydrazine, NzHr,i9
12,Hydrazine, Nz[r, is a weak
weakbase.
base.The dissociation constant Kr ofthis base is 3.00 x 10€ mol dmr. What is
,/. the pH value of a 0.100mol dmr aqueous solution of hvdrazine?-
A. 3.26 B. 7.50 [1s/20031
(_/ c. s.46 rc]
@
13' Hydrogensutphide reacts with water according to the following equilibrium equation.

_,.
H2s(aq)+2Hzo(t)i--2t-t3o'(aq)+s2-(aq)
H tS + aH t+ E-
Which aqueous solutlon would rot influence the conc;ntration of 52- lons when added /,/ Which of the following ls the base? ,O*k -il
strongest (o2/2006)
to the above A. HCOO-
e-quilibrlum.mixturgl g"lvble
A. Am_rnonla I1B/zoO3I ts. cH3coo-
lB.,Ammo"niirri'idlntrate G) carbonate D. tead (tt) ethanoate
"ooirr A\
14. WSttchof the fottowing is not an acid-base reaction? (J cL"
,/ A. Ar(oH)3+oH-l- Ar(oH)i D' o>*-'
B. C6H5OH+ OH-f- C6H5O-+ HrO v/
"/ '19'.
_C. [Fe(HrO)6]3'+HzO -r +H|O.J
[Fe(H2O]5oHt2' r.futf9t solutions .ale u9y lmportant to chemical and biological systems. catcutate the pH of buffer
sglftion formed by mixing ioo cm3 of 0.0s0 mor dmi ethanoic icio ariJ io cmt;i;rd ;;1 ;;.i'J;l;
+ GHroH :
Q cH3coocH3 + H2o (o9/2004) r-'/,,Cthanoate.[l(. for ethanoicacid ls 1.2 x 10-5mol dmil
i.-e.t B. 4.s
+^
70 19 .
""."oo" D. s.4 (e15/zoo6)
15. The graph below shows the variation of pH forthe titration of 25.0 cm3of 0,2 mol dm-3aqueous ammonia / /u\ / O..t
solution wlth 0.2 mol dm-3hydrochloric acid. z0.)xfihichunderlined_molecule
reacts as a Lewis base? (a1o/2008)
(e19/2004)
,4. Kro+SQ!------'
!f9. g+ c.oH-+g1_-+ H6s,'
,-/ A, BF3!!!---+H3N.BF3 D.cH3cr_-1 E SL; + Fectr.
g-arrtftr
21'An aqu€ous solution of monobasic acid has pH 3.5. 25.00cm3volume of an aqueousffti"
sotution of the acid
4
i>^ompletely neutralizedby 27.50cmJ of a 0.10 mol dmr sodium hydroxidesolution. The value of the
acid
- - - - -
/,/dissociation- ; . - i . i
constant s l ' i o a
of ; ;
ther ; ; i
acid' - is
€/ @ r . o u' 1 0 'm
7 ordm.
,, B.J.4ax 10's
moldm. o. g.sg, ro. moiJ,n. (otslzooai
DLc'jf,J d ammonium chloride is added in excess to an aqueous sotution of ammonia containing
?-I["::?1i,9
fqenotp-hthatein,asan indicator. (e14/2008t
toJutlon.isformed c. the plnk colour of the sotution remains unchanged
-'//LL^)?b:!::
B. hyclrogenchloride gas is evolved D. a solution with a pH less than Z is formed
oirori:bislor{4iio
23, The equilibrium constants of two equilibriumsystems are as follows:
Volume
ofHClodded,/cd
(CH3)rNH(aq) + H2O(t) := + OH-(aq) Kb = S.4 x .tO{
(CH3)2NH2'(aq)
Which part of the graph shows the mixture of ammonia and hydrochloric acid that can be used as'buffer
solution? NHrOH(aq) + HzO(l) i- NH3OH'(aq)+ OH'(aq)
, Ko = 9.1 x 10.e
(\c B'q c'r 0- V
OYll:1,:ld9r:"ts
about the spectesin the above reactionis true? (a12/ZOO9)
9t NH39H' is a stronger acid than (CH3)2NH2'. C.NH2OHls a stronger acid than H2O.
"'-- ll- " ' '-
16. WhlcMf the following solutions can retain its pH when a few drops of aqueous sodium hydroxide is B.NH2OHis a stronger base than (cHtrNH. D.(_cH3)lNHi:: base thanbH-
added? oiil-,crNa :troiger
i. Aqueous 2-chloroethanoicacid Qr Aqueous sodium ethanoate ? 24. Which pair of solutions will yield a buffer solutions.witha pH value ,!
of about i _wnen,th$sotutions
.I ., f n$\ ' AD W a of equal
-3. Aqueous amino-ethanoicacio -1)a t ^,"- o. Aqueous phenot (e12/200s)"u o volurrF and concentration with a pH value of about it-whert{he€otutfons of equal volume and concentration
A ild apillxedtogeth?.r?---
-... fu
17. Hln is an acid-baseindicatorwhich is blue in the rnolecularform and yellowln the ionic form. The _/ A. CH3COOHand CH3COONa C_. C2H5NH2 and HCI
dlsg6ciation
constantof this indicatoris 1 x 10{ mol dm'3.Whatis the colourof this indicatorin a solution B. CH3COOHand NaOH 6) Crgrruff, and CzHsNH3rpt-
gilh pH 7? (1s/2005) a^25.#'tnixture
(
N Afin/L aiz- tvb
$f,Yellow B. Purple C. Btue D. Green of citric acid and sodium citrate acts as a buffer in foodiiun. uitrictr statement is not true of the
rcy'ction of this mixture? ./ te13t211}l
Jiu.Thevaluesof ,Gof severat
substancesaregiveninthefouowingtabte. Hln + In- + H+ A. The dissociationmixture of citrlc acid increasesin the presenceof an alkali.r'
v ,/
B. Citric acld reactswith OH' ions In the presenceof an alkali.r,/
b\.re $l\o' C. Citrate ions react with H* lons in the piesenceof an acld.y
t"- Ht q' Na* ions react with OH' ions in the pr'esenceof an alkall,
K=
k =.>
Frn'
lr.- -_ trto-e
ztooo' R-coox
^Jd:ee+.t
J

.-\. 'A.
I
: RTCOONa
H. I'lh l{ro
 26. The pH of blood of a healthy person is in the range of 7.35 to 7.45.Which statementexplains how the
human blood system mdintains its FH within that range if t}{e ls an excess of H'ions? (O11/2013) What is the solubility_product, Kspof silver ethaneqioate at thgrsame temPerature? ^ (16/1999)
bysweatins.
A.rheyareeliminatad @'frheydreneutralised
t A . 2 . 3x 1 0 { m o l d m ' 8 . 5 . 3x 1 0 ' m o l ' d m - ' C . } 6 . 1x 1 0 ' ' ' m o l ' d m ' "
B. They are neutralisedby H2CO3in the blood. are neutralised6f RSffi"J|Eg!99t.- D. 1.2 x 10-1rmol3dm'e x10'11mol3dm4 \--l
-)fneV Q.4.9
27, The buffdr capacity of a Solutionis a measure of the amount of acid or base that the solution can absorb 2. Silvgr sulphate, Ag2SOl, and strontium sulphate, SrSO4 are added to water. Which of the following
without a significant ihange in pH. Wnat are the concentrationsof NH.(aq)an-dNH4-(aq)that will produce the sita{ementsis trtte regardingthe saturatedsolution obtained? (15/2000)
(014/2013) 'tsotuUitity =
maximyrf buffer capacity?[Basedissociation constant, Kr, of NHr is 1.8 ; 10-"moldm'] ,, product, Kse: Ag2SO{ = 1.5 110€ mol3 dm'e and SrSOa 2.8 x 10'7 mol2 dmr at 298 Kl

a./
tNH3r ili'l rl kPL%kQnb ' --'4. SrSOnis more soluble than Ag2SOa./
B. The sulphate ions in the saturatedsolution come from SrSOn.
d o.s o . s4 t W . C- The concentrationof the sulphate ions fiom Ag2SOlcan be ignored.l _ /
-4. 1.0 2.0 6J nddition of a little silver nitrate will decreasethe solubility of Ag2SOa. | 6 /
D. 2.0 1.0 E tnesulphateionconcentrationatequilibriumw i nicl lr e a s g o n t h e a d d i t i o n o f a q u e o u s s i l v e r n i t r a t e t o t h e
saturated solution. l.
28. The eduation for the autoionisationof methanol is shown below. lQ'|4t20121
.,4n,on + cH:oH i"q,*:* cH3o- + cHroH:- JVr. ,nu graph below shows the concentration of the /l,f' and )f- ions in a saturated solutions of MX at a
Whlr6 statement is true of the reaclion? l- certaintem'erature' {\'
A/cHtOH is a Lewis acid c. cH3o- ion is a weak conjugate base
D. CH.OHi ion is a weaker acid than CH3OH sffi {al . ^f
@ CH,OU has an amphoteric behaviour .\
29. Pherrolphthaleinis a suitable indicator foi the titrdtlon of
G, tyloxt"gl with Hcl(aq) c. NH3(aq)with cH3cooH(aq) 2:
_pTf,lHdad
with H2SO4(aq) D. KMnO4(aq)with (COOH)r(aq)

30. WI'ich statementexplains why aminonla acts as a base? 1424t20121

lo15/2012I

dm!
,M""x,o.rm. I.N
@ f6 molecule has one lone pair of bleclrons
B, lt is made up of non-metallicelemdhts
C. lts molecule has a pyramidalshape
D. lt dissolves easily in water
I,ffi
r'€1--:'t1i"
M
.W
o * ^.tt7- _1tffi'aroe
'qo
.,.
C. A suitable indicator used i5 methyl orangef
$ , i z . o - - 1 A 1 ) L U 3- ' / r .
(q A buffer solution is formed at ihe end point of the Irrrzot4 I 1.I [x'-l / x lo-5rrroldm-r (, .1C
vl
a |
32. An equal number of moles off two solutions together.Which pair of solutions will yield a buffer Which of the followinq stater'lentsdsnot correct Wilh resoectto the qraoh above?
A. The solubility pioduct, K,ool\*)a*ffi7fo mol2'dm6./ 7.^'!,p lu\Ll,, -.t
solution? t
- 8 . The
ll T h e solubilitv
s o l u b i l i t vof
o fMX n opure
M X iin urew a t e r iis
water s 22.0
. 0 x 10-'
1 0 - 'moldm'€
mo \ rv
and NaHSOT (aq)
6
04(aq) NaOH(aq) and CH3COONa(aq)
and NaOH(aq)
H3COOH(aq) CH:COOH(aq) and CHTCOONa(aq) 114t20141 r- c) rne solubility ot MXini solution containing 1.0 x 10'smol dm3 of f-ion is::d 10-smol dm3.
\€f The 6haded area below the curvg Q represents the unsatdrated solution of /trlX. (1512002)
FL(O+.
@,/nu
-7 solubility product Kpof sitver cIrUon&e is 6.30 x 10'12rhol3dnr-sat 298 K. What is the concentration of
silver lons in a saturatedsolution of silver carbonateaLlhis temperature? (13/2003)
.,-,/ A.fr{-xTdo mol dm'3 B. 1.16 x l0{ mol dm'3 10" mol dm. D.1]7 x 10{ mol dmn
1. The reaction betweenlactic acid, HOCH(CH3)COOH, and the hydrogen phosphate ion, HPOr2',is simllar to W,
the reaction between lactic acid and ammonia. Befbie being transported to the kidney to be eliminated,the
5, IW, MY, and MZ.ate sparingly soluble salts, When aqueous MNO3 is added dropwise to an aqueous
A/t lactic acid produc-edin human tissue first reacts with the hydrogen phosphate ion in the blood. In this sglution containing X, Yand Z ions, MX is preclpitated.When aqueous NaZ is added to a small amount of My
reaction,the HPOr''ion
1. regcts as a base y' _/recipitate, My dissolves and MZ is precipitated. The sequence of MX, MY and MZ according to the
A descending order of their solubility product i\ (8/2006)
f f 2. rg6ctswith lactic acid to produce the -OCH(CHs)COO'ion
HzPO4-ion _,2
a. rltx, MY, Mz B. Mx, Mz, My MY, MZ, MX D. MZ, My, MX
l./eacts with lactic acid to produce the (046/2001)
I
2. Cprbonic acid, HzCOg,and hydrogen carbonate ion, HCO3',are agents of the buffer system in blood. Which 6 . t - e a d l l l )c h r o m a t e , P b C r O 4 , i s a y e l l o w p i g m e n t . T h e s o l u b i l i t y p r o d u c t o
Pfb C r O a a t 2 5 " C i s 2 . 8 x 1 0 - 1 3 m o l 2
regttions bccur when the levei of acidity in blood increases? dm''. What will happenif a few drops of an aqueous solution of lead (ll) nitrate is added to a saturatedsolution
f / 1. HCO3'-+ H- + COr'' j?f:"""i,t*=oridorpbcro4dissorves. Pb Crg+ ) Pb++ Lt)t^
- -3:li:!311,"'1il[1''"1'"J,'J.;[:l,i;311""'i"rtl'.?ti;".
V z. Hco3-+ H'- Hzcor
, " 3. H2co3 ----) co2+ H2o (Q41/2003) fr6lfne concentrationof CrO4-ions is less than 5.29 x 10'7mol dmr.

3 . A n i l i n e , C 6 H 5 N H 2 , i s a n o r g a n i c b a s e u s e d i n t h e m a n u f a c t u r edoyfe s . A s o l u t i o n o f 0 . l 5 m o l d m ' 3 C u H s N H , ,,,"ioo'

has pH 8.9. Which statement(s)is/aretrue of aniline?
7. The solubility of aluminium hydroxide,Al(OHh, is x mol dm3. What is the expressionof the solubility
2 1 l t i s a n A r r h e n i u sb a s e .
lJ 2 lts value of base dissociation constant,Ks, is 4.2 x 10'10mol dmr. nrodffi.p' ofA(OH)3? [14/20101
3 lts degree of dissociation,o, is 5.3 x 10'".
B. 3x' 3x2

--// \--'
la,|4/20101
/ 1
D '/
-_/ *\{o$)l € -t* +46V-
kl9l
Yf
 + lPLr"')o4,rt'
?b7(f04). f l"',,,)u-u
,
g,1".ru,.t"o orr""a1r,,
W,
"o,u,ion ,no.Onr", t'n'e"tut'
tr"' r'*
r''TTiY'if*" Pt,(Po.)n'o
"oU-.U,"ofil"_P* irirliiuror
-, "'3:rubrritvre'T+"1or xro* @ er,ro-
t ,4 u
,,,1Xg.r.atutatearor'nron
otc.tciudhyddrde,caloH):,ho ! pHvatu.ottz4. )t,iarbrhe nuncdcarEtu.
tntj\ = Gq+zo:H'
h(oill € /-v+rtt?'
/p;nUf'""tn:tff;lS:',"dil1",,.,'-;,,]'"Htz'hasapHvaTll"i,.{{iiil!e::"'':il,;;',ti'
'',li;'
or t N-*
r'o
vapourpressure/atrn
| \,/
+'gs
xt[i"
e
10. A small amount of selid silver chlorido is mixed with.an aqueous solution of potassium iodideAi test :_ _::: ." irr . c uor.?6- "
i[",i1fl"1;H'i?i]3.S#-" S"'5y[#ii;{1"9:lii1*;rlo,2dm€ respect,";; .r' I I i
\d,rl S o l i d s i l v e r c h l o rdrsds
sm.{Erchbnd. i d e d i s s oInl vrh.
e s.qu.our
i n t h e a q.otu{on
u e o u sof
s opotr.Btum
t u t i o n o t----
todid..
Aa-ci-
p o t a s s i u' lm)tza
-trof d i ' J J .
,4
,j,otb6onl o tj
^ 4U'vwv-"' ,.// ,
'\e, \ n6
r'{ p.clpli.r.tom.darga*".r'cn aci,ei*!iii,i;ti;;;;;: KIA^[rH
ay.r* pr*rptt i. io.m.d. *4It!\^)- ./
n J ^ 6;;;idi;;i;;-- - *n,* eqr" .,s,"*or/n,." * *,r;;f.,.11"Ji5,i:';l"fo%
Aq,t0S ,41, nsnorrru'- w ,n{Eybo
"u*nn ra.r6,np,.1ue,. "
tt lhe 3otubttttprcduct, B MLIUG:lt r llquldtt l' atn'
&, , ro a:o r r o' mor!dn. at 206K wh.r t. t F c Mliuc..:irb.! vlpour.tl0.h.
/conc.nt60oG ot.flv.r
" "^ ta!. in not"ir*-t
";";ti dnr, ""ttonicli
br...tuEt d,ptlnionofr{v.r Erhonrt .t0Ett hpentuc? n at t mpedtuEt rh. vrpdr cdpqrton oth|nuE yot in! moEnt
Ji i.i';i;. iiif "-;:1'jixlo- ,Dt2.32xlo- (air,,oo4)
12.rhesolubilityproductof masnesium-carboiaieis ,- ."" mot2
-J-. dm4.what
*-,- is the
-^ mass
-"-- -. -----,..- 2 w.t r ad rodlm.E two *.Dle *.r.pr. enrc*.or*r... rr,. dataon r*rE6tres and p*..oe d
i.oox 10'5 of masnesium ijJ'iili,ii'iililliJr;"0:H,;:1;'&?"?,X[?i;ili:ilt;
c a r } o n a t e p r e c i p i t a t e d w h"-
e n 2 5 .".*"*t".-:-,
0cm,ofanaqueousso|utionofo.5oomo|dm{magnesiumnitrateisaddedtoffi
sodium
carbonate?
gSScm"ofanaqueoussolutionof0.500moldm3sodiumcarbonate?
-rr lt ).^r,l*1.
lt,rlr*; I
rupsratce
3r"T;?i":H,:::H;'i::"J;il!'c3il#\|i- ?.lbxro-'r
A. 0.0s33s B.0.250s (SJr.oss D.1.05s (.-'\ r----1x.-----i-r----___l--ii'o-_--l
V Which of the following statemgdtsl:.true of water and iodine?
\ ; A W a t e r a n d i o d i n e f r e s o t i d s a t t e m p e r a t u r e o f 0 . C a n da p r e s s u r o o f 1 Z . 0 k p a .
'
_-/" B lce melts and sublimes at a temperatureof 0"C and a gdpsure of 0.66 kpa.
,3. Whlch ol tn. followlng talr. ol lohnion! wlll fom . whtl. precrrittte wten nir.d .t rem temD.6tuB? !, lce ?iil' ioci ne iiffiwhen n heated
ncw d m6pmn
at atm os pnerig./es!re3uE.y ure../
v trh6 3orubirrryproducror crsor, ar @m rMphtuE, t! 6 r lo I moi dn.l {D}
Sofid iodine melts at a temperature p.rttue.b@o above114c9lnd.
1't4/nd ptt.u4 of 12,0kP..
a pressurc (013/200.)
-&\
- ' i.5ocm'gro.lnordn'r!:sorand5oc#ig.rmordmt.rrlH,li ',/ !. ,.,..--:,..-,^,,_..,__
whlch ol lho lollowlng -_.-_--.-.-
,.t m.nG r. -.
,,'
tu. ol .n {.9!r6tc mtrtue ot . .dLnion d$ . n.grl|w devtatiohfrm
I z tm dt of o.oi nol dmr H,so. lnd too cnrot o,oi dot dm.cdNo.l, v
3 1socm'or
o'ot nordn'i*o' *a ieo oooi'oia'tin-iiri' {ctexees) fiiJ*ol?#"* t dr!d'r,.on. .
"''"t G ,,,v.p*,-o rro -.*ou-"
r( h.-lorubJnty pPducrsorx4 " " "r".r "*(fi30*::
" nol' dn- .nd 3 " l0 ' mol' dn_ Bpe.tiwty. Which of rh. foltdtng n|It!rc. wfll prodEo a
.._ Propanone
:'opononc.no
:: ot- i4 u'sed
./l
t\ /rrect.nt? ,-r1 - . 4nyrethanoate
and ethyl Mrno4.Eare organic
org.nrcliquids
||qurcwhich
wmcnrEare otS6 u..d..as solvents.
sotwni..ar !0.c, the
At 30.C, thev.pou.
vapour
,l{ ,a/ i5 .;, oro.ooo3.or dmr F.so, .nd 75mr ot o,ooolmordn. .oH 6( = a, }ZX tO . pEsuE. or pbt6non. .nd .oryl dthrnorc .rc 37,5rP. ard'15.5*P. Gspecriv.ry,wh.t I. th€ Epour
r' 2. 50cm'olo.Ootnotdm.MssO..hdzs.m,or0,oo2dotdn.!.rco:4:rti{4XrO.1 pE$uo ori.olutioncol|.lnlns0.a0mol9lpron on..n{tt20 moror.rhyrefiano.r.Er30 !c?
3, 2s.nr
2scd olorooot
ooorfrot
hor dn{
dn' AgNo:
asNor.n.t
m.r 26cn'
cnr of
oro.OOo1
o.ooo1
mordm'
d.' &cro.
r<,bo. 1..
;.,_ Ijif
. -if to&/2ool)
tO&/2oor) a. 13kP. B.
E r3kPa
akPa ll]! glsorx
6,!U9t D. j2kP6 trl
D.32kPE 1r_l (otl/2005)
rotr/2005'
15,Tlleenqty ponrefor@ct ton &=uor" s, th. wpour!r.*u.! or pu.ltquiox.nd vat2o !c.E 4srip..nd 3Ekp. Gpecrivety, Th€ror.rv.pour
^,
-\\
p|Fle ---
or. nirtuE of th. iwo llqul& ulih . O30mololnctld of Xlt the --i1;41-"-.,
ri:it--- sn. t dar.tuE -i-;,;f
is 39.6|{P..
/ l-B:}- i'vhrch
rrrh"r.r';"s "d;;;l;;!6arh;; ;.t :
-r.-shqln
/ - - - - lb.td.
"<
s..F6cilon.ldi.till.tondr96mlttubr.rd.Yath.distirr'ret\''Y.- --..\ \ /
(& rh. mrrur..ho6. it$i\{.vl.tlon rromR.dri Brtu '-l rt-Uu \
It,r/201q ,:
/ | /A
//- t::i;';.t,
> :',.... //
.. c. rnc
c, v.our p.""u.
Th.vapo,r dl/ tn
DEllur &4 th. mtrtire.t
Inth. mlrtre rr 2s.c
2s.c rs
|3ro.s
10,3kpa.
kPa,x
t \-- )
/ I n //"=/. .. \tb\ D. rh. dr€nsth.
ol Intfrd*d.rtoEd orxDd vaE.bor4the.rne. (ars/2006)

."] 'fi:1,.*,n*:ff:;:::fl,.jfr:n$*#;";m:*;.Jut,or.r,mo,a,rhewht
p.c,ph!
/ \ li=F*"d;l
li'"-/ \_L_ fui#' bltHii,ftHliH{{il"i.ff$rr,i^",",
D. NH.'ron. d.cH.. lne @n6nltaud or ori bn.rn$e$rudon. iQzt2oo3,
Thl. @ction may be endotherfrrciebthsnlc or lrr.don.utnr. whrch d.tment B tru. ot the @.tion?
s wrth t mp.nruE, X dd 102.0g of Y rE mlred tog.lher, r .olulton with a v6pour p|!$UE of /ts3 rPa b prodled .t lht.
dnd c .r. rh6 .ano ar su tbriu., t no.6uc whrch 3tatcnstn.bod th. @c{on r. notrru.?
O ;;;-;;;i ;;;-"ii r., iiii, r;;;;ii* b dd.d.
".,r.ry.i
D. Tho a.riv.rion energyror rh. rotu.rd c.d|on r. r@.r th.n lhat .l o. E@Ee @ton. lR'ltdE mot'cultr nts of x andY tE !2 0 'nd 46'0 Elp'cllv'lvl '
r'
+' "'::T1':fr"lT"J('ndY't5ot'e3{6*P!'ndl;?*P'Ee€crrErv
\ rV4. --,\
il/Y' ^- r \ot
|
,1\ "11 "t\'
 ( It
tr X and Y can be separatectfrom the mixture by fractlonal disti.,!a(i6n.
D. EnthalpyJrfange, AH = 0.
1 2 . T h eb o i l i n gp o i n t so f e t h a n o la n d t o l u e n ea r e 7 8 ' C a n d 1 1 0 ' Cr e s p e c t i v e l yA. s o l u t i o no f e t h a n o li n t o l u e n e

U An azeotropicmixture is formed.
I./
8. The vapour pressure-compositiongraph of a solution consisti0gl.€d'two
[Q16/20101 formed an azeotropewith a composition of 68% ethanol and a boiling point of 76'C. lf a solution containing 20%
ethanol is fractionally distilled, which staternent about the process is true?
tiquid components A and B is shown A. The highest temperatureof the distillationlocess is 78^C
below. Q The percentageof toluene in the vapou?dhasedecreases
vanour
nrcssfe/ kPa C. The distillatecontains 80% toluene
D. The residueis pure alcohol 112t20147
phase diagram for a solution cor.cainingliquiC rnixtrrreof X and Y is shown

A '
l' 0
Which statement about the graph is true?
A. The bolling point of A ls lower than that of 8.1
B. The value of the enthalpy of solution is positive.
A Liquld A ls the first distillateobtained during fractio\tffistillation. *
(9l Liguid A could be water and liquid B could be methanol- 11'll2o11l oo of.nntrosi.i6n

Which statementis about above?

L The liquid-vapourphase diagram of a mixture of liquids Z and Y is shown below. (Q't3/2013) A. Fractional
The solution shows
Boiling pointPC

14. The diagram below shows the vapour pressure-compositiongraph for an ideal mixture of henzene and
toluene at 20"C.

o/n Conrposition

Itrlhatcoutd be deduced from the phase diagram?

CA?Liquid X could be ethanol and liquid Y could be methanol.
-/
o
B. The attraction between X *- Y is stronger than that of X -- X and Y *- Y.
C. The liquid mixture of composition Q can be separatedinto liquids X and Y by fractional distiilation.
D. When the liquid mixturE of composition P is fractlonallydistilled, the distillate is the liquid mirlure of
is liqui|{
Q andtheresidue
2ryosition rr. sqllqh.o'
/ lO.Jsampteof bromobenzenewassteamdistilleYatl0l.OkPaandg5.2"C.Atthistempcrature,thevapour
L_gpsbure of water is 85.0 kPa. Wh?itlSTfiFFE EEmSgiEoYbromobenzene by mass in the distillate?
i The retativemolecular mass of bromobenzetqis 157.]
'l 2,Thevapour pressureoftoluene is 1.8 kPa. y'
B. 37.8% o. s't.2% lQ11t2o12l 3.Thevapour pressureofthe mixture of benzeneand toluene is 13 kPa (olK/2004)
A. 15.8%
ej62.1% |
1't. The bolling point-compositiondiagram for the liquid mixture of J and 15. The phasediagram of a mixture of two liquids P and Q is as follows: (Q41/2008)

\nr 8"8
,lF--".*-;-- A . .A 4 ) A " ' B >
X,
wtratcor,/top*or"z
Atn ot
-r,Sr,"J*a ,,,,A c!v*. A . . . 8. L
;;;;";;
-)Ja"rvrutlvir"ni"n"
h.;";.,{,".*;i*-. .*las)
what will be obtained vrhenthe mixture with composition G is fractionallydistilled? QX --+ ldpql
C. J and K D. K anc F [o16/2012] etn"not t
A. F only /AJ .l anU F
\t f\ WO
 )1 teg = 55
-1 al
TopicaiTest C[''^'.Lo,t Lbs3
SectionA : Answerall thequestions
et
btl
| |

'
lD
B pressurc
I . Whena 52 cmi flaskis filled with a gasat 2UioC,thepressure
increasesto 3.68x 105pa. Whichstarement
producedis I .29x 105Pa. If thetemperature
explainsthe/observationsJ [Gasconstant,
is thenincreased
R,.i; S.3I J K-r mol-r1
to 400'C,the
[7t20t0]
'
(.'; i.;=;'u"'r'\o-s
D. Thenumberof collisionsbef,rieen gasmolecules ^ | ' rA
'
uny't" wall of theflask
A uvuut'r
doublesor
at {vv
400oC.
v' . c\[r] ar r "
\,/ g citul'
6 z.
B t' t\
O mrxrurc
mixtureor
of hydrogen
nyorogengasano nitrogengasln
and nltrogen in a contalner
containerrs
is malntalned a9,epressure
maintaineda9,a of Zuu
ot 200 atmLnd
anda temperature 450oC.Which
of 45u"c. which tact(
factor
contributesto thedeviationfro;qanidealgasbehaviour underthe conditio/s? [l/201l]
A. Attractiveforces (lr)Repulsive interaction C. Molec;.1|a;( polarisability D. Kinetic energy

D , 9^ X is collectedin a 250cmr volumetricflaskat 25"Cuntilh{ressure of thegasis 73.5kPa.Themassof X in theflaskis 0.I l8 g at

25"C.Whatis themassof I mol of X ? [ Thegasconstant/ is 8.3JJK-rmol-r.] ' ,
A.7.42g B. il.3g c.'r4.6;* @j i5.;;' p,j'nRT elzot2M)
7
[ +. fft. graphof pV/RT againstp for onemoleof gasesL andM at 298 K is shownbelow. (7/2012M)
t\
pY
RT

)(hich statementis true of gasesL and M ?

@ tt. compressibilityofgas M is morethanthatof gasL at pressures lorverthanx atm./
fBJ lt. repulsiveforcesbetweenL moleculesexistat pressures greaterthanr atm.
t. ThecollisionsbetweenL molecules areelasticat pressures
lowerthanx atm
D. Theattractive forcesbetweenM molecules aresignificant.y

$ S.nult.r.nce,C6s,is oneof carbonallotrfs foundin soot.Whchstatement

aboutfullerence is true? (g/2012M)
A. Its carbonatomhassp' hybridorbigl6. Y C. lts bondangleis smallerthanthat of graphite.
@ fts moleculehasdelocaliied, ele:cydns. D. Its densityis higherthanthat of diamond.F

I o.loeatgaso-beys
thefoltowinffis excepr ,/ ,A. I2t20l2l
A. Avogadro'slaw B, charles'slaw
/6oyre'sraw (?)Raoult's law
\_/
-$ Z. Oiamond,
graphiteandfullerenes
areallotropes
of carbon.Whichstatement
is trueof thethreeallotropes
of carbon? 17l20l2l

61ffiil:iL',l'iii::1!:"#::Hfi.,J.o,"uu,,ion
/
C.Theyhavesp'hybridisedorbitalsoftheircarbonatgfisX -rv\
A ,* M r') xi> ?,
3 x- <b.
D. Theyhavestrongcovalent
bondingandweakly/der waalsforces. vI < U
-- tr i, +,
h- It
fquufmasses
of N2,-NH1
andN2Oareinjected
intoa vacuum to produce
container a totalpressure
of 3 atm.Whichof thefollowingis trueof
-; portialpressures
of N2, NH3andN2O?
A. Pxz = PNur PHzo C. Prz < PNzo
B. Pr.rz a Pm+
r)
Puzo
@ PNz t ,*t
/
[ 9. Thephasediagranr
ofsubstance
X is givenbelow. ut20t4l
P,usure/aun73.0

Whichstatement aboutthe abovephasediagramis true?

SubsranceX.existsasa solidat s.r.p.> ,aA / ,
;\.
($. SolidX sublimesarremperarure belowitirriplcpyfi /
C. Thefreezingpointofliquid X decreases aspregs(reincreases
D. SubstanceX existsasa supercriticalfluidat t/mperaturesabove3 r . I oc
,
D
- g wasfilled intoa 250cm3flaskat 2e8 K and l3./pa.What is themassof I mot of thegas?
l9:,9:I :j^1T-t^9:]18
gas
[Universal constantis 8.3I J K't mol-r.] ,/ [e/20I 5]
A. 7.42c B. lt.3g { t+.og D.. 15.99
 f7 f t. fn. phasediagramofsubstanceX is shownbelow. ll r/20r
5l

Pressure./kPn

-r00 0 t00 200 300

TcmperaturefC
Whatcouldbe deducedfrom the phasediagram? , ,*
A. The meltingpointof X decreases
whenlhe pressureincreases.
f \b)X e*istsasa gasat standardtemperature
andpressure.
(9 Th.densityofsolidXishigherthanthedensityofitstiquidT FXcondenseswhenthepressureincreasesat300'C.X

fl tZ. fne reactionbetweenMnOa-ionsandC2Oalionsis catalysedby Mn2*ions. WhenandC2Oa2- ionsaretitratedwith MnO4-ions,which

graphrepresents ' \
" the variation ofthe rate of reactionwith the votumeof the MnOa ions? l9l20l}l

ffil -\a *,V *"'..:rln,

L,',*- n.-* l\4 ,- ,,go,r
V z,^s4
N/1 ^ c (p/ / ,-.(
V
[(l:.)rnrrateconsrantforthereaction CH3COOCF3 + H2O === CH,COOH+ CHrOH at2loCistf,lgx l0'ss-r. Whatistheh
rffgf.tfrisreaction?
. ^\ [t0t20t0]
@,.+0 x l0{ minutes B. 8.79x l0's minutes Q) l.SOx 102minutes D. 4.94x 103minutes
-)
potassium
b | 4.Aqueous iodidereacts
withaqueous peroxide
hydrogen in acidicsolution
according
tothefollowing
mechanism:
H2O2+f )H2O+lQ* slow
.LO-* H. ) lqt .fast
OI+F|'+l-)L+H"O
H-A>Oz+U4**iJ- fast
+ Y >A"++!>
Whichstatement is true of the reactioninvolved? t9l20lll
A, Thereactioninvolvesthe transferof electronfrom H2O2to I-. Q. The reactionis secondorderwith respectto I- ions.X
-r
@)fn. reactioninvolvesacid asa catalyst. v *. overallreactionis not reversible.
O
Nt co,-
f S.wnitn graphshowsthe Boltzrnannspeeddistributioncurvesfor onemoleof nitrogengasandonemoleof carbondioxidegasat thesam€
'fl ' remperature?
X [lo/2ol U

Numbcr of Numbcr'of
moleules molccules

Moleculsr spced

Numbcr of
molecul€s ffi' Numurof
molccules

--K%?
Molecular spccd

DofI 6.theThefollowing
decompositionof hydrogenperoxide2H2O2 )
graphsis conectif T2 is
2H2O+ Ozwhich is a first orderreactionis conductedat temperature
T1 andT2. Which
higherthanT1? tglliggl
Tr>-1,

= )ft'lr0"1
kF.Lo,J E, 2
 17. Tt:eraectionof acidifiedaqueous potassiumiodidewith aqueous h-vdrogen peroxideis asfollows: (9/20t2M)
2!-1aq)
1] 'i + HrO2(aq) + 2 H* (aq) ) llaq) + 2HzO(l)
v he followingstepsmaybe involvedin themechanism of thereaction.
HzOz + l- ) HzO + 9l_ slow t/'0'1fTl
.q\p-'k
.ol- + H*
HOf + H" + I- )
) Hql
lz + HzOt fast
fast fr-.
Whatcouldbetheunitof thelateconstant,X?
A. s-r ( sJ or' mol s-' c. dm6mol-2s'r D. mol dm-3s'l
\-,
,-/
abouttheactivationenergyof an endothermig reactionis true? (10/2012M)
)- tt. Wt'icttstatement
A. Th" activation energl,ofthereactionvarieJryittrte*leraitd- fL-
B. Therateof thereactionis higherif theactit'tion energyof thereactionis larger.X J
C The presence ofa catalysthasno effectoy'theactivationenergyofthe reaction.l
activationenergyfor the forward ryiction is largerthanthatof the backwardreaction.
@)fne

7^ Gl)" thenitrationof benzene,the ratXtermining stepis lgl20l2l

L fftrrfiil;*;';i* electrophile @the eliminationof a hydrogenion from a carboniumion
[9) ttreformationof a carboniumion of sulphuricacid
D. the regeneration

O 20. The reactionX + Y t Z is first orderwith respectto X andzeroorderwith respectto Y. The rateconstantfor the reactiondoubles
Y rvithan increasein thetemperature
by' l0oC.Whichsetof conditions,gives the lowestrateof reaction? Il0l20l2l
[X]/ mor ' tYl/ mor
dm-r .
A. tl ,/')" 8:ffW v&zz k txl
.& b., 0.3 ,,' ;,i jo VrW
c. 0.3 0.5 0.b 20 I ,-c
@ 0.4 0.7 ,_/, o,t ro V-.8.
tVhichgraphrepresents
Charles'law for a fixed massof a gas? I8/20r41

initial rateof reactionbetweenP and O at differentconcentrationsis given in the tablebelow

lPlmoldm-3 lQl / mol dm-3 Initialrateof reaction/ mol dm-3s-l
x r
4x v 2r
l6x 2y 8r
Whatis the initial rateof reacAn in termsof r if the ofP andQ is 4x and3y r let20t4l
A.2r (9 6' l2r D. 48r
n
Z:. Whichstatement aboutthe collisiontheoryis true?
vqts: k [?] tcx ll0/20r41
D
A. A catalystlowersthe activationenergyof a reactiol ry\{ n=1. rr
An activatedcomplexis formedwhenmoleculeydollide
lia r=k ^i! Ksq .
lThe frequency of collisionis proportional to t/dconcentration andproducts
of reactants
@ An effectivecollision
l s l o n involvesreactants
reactantswitfi cenatn
/ certainmlnlmum
wufl minimumenergy
energyandthecorTect
conectorrentallon
o pzur es.
ofparticl
v
..{te.-t ht'
{**t ( 3:)
t 24. ThekineticdataforreactionP
+ O ) R + Sisshownbelow l2/20r5l
DT Experiment [P]/molOt-r $J [Q] /moldm-3
L Initial rate/ mol dm-3s-l
I 0.5 0.4 1.2x l0-'
2 I 0.8 4.8x l0''
I t.6 1.92x l0-'
Whatis theratelaw for the reaction?
A. Rate= klPl2 nut.=ktel' C. Rate= klPllQl' D. Rate= k[P]
@
i)
V
25. TheMaxwelldistributioncurvesfor a gaseous
mixturereactionunderdifferentconditions
areshownbelow. lr 3/20r
5l

Numberof
pa.rticles
rvitlr
energyf

!ftrat conclusioncanbe madefrom the curves?

QJfh. productundergoes dissociation. C. An additionof a catalystto the reactionmixture.
B. Theconcentrations ofthe reactants
increase. fn. pressureof the re'actionmixtureincreases.
Q
3
 A B C D
I onlv is correcl I and2 only arccorrect 2 urd 3 only arecorrect t2 ard 3 arecot ct =

D,uThegraphbelowshowsthe variationof energyagainstextentof reactionfor the reversiblereaction:2A + 2B =.* AzBz

\-/
thereaction?
Whichof thefollowingarecorrectregarding 149/20001
l. Thereactionis exoihermicby theimouni of E1- \1/
2. CurveIl refersto theenergyprofile for the catalysedreaction.t/
3. Theactivationenergyfor thereverse, uncatalysed reaction,isEz-!1. './

{ 27.j SO3is produced by thefollowingprocess.

\-/ 2SozG)+02(g) =-.- 2Sor(g) AH=-t90u
percentage by curveI in the graphbelow.
of SO2remainingwith time is represented
1, The variationof the
k\+ l(n

Pcrctnarte of
Sq tcmlining

Which of thefollowingstatements aretrue f/gwdingthd graphabove? [5r/2000]

l. CurveII represents
the resultsobtained,&hen a catalystis addedto theaboveprocess.
the resultsobtaild whenthe processis caniedout at a highertemperature.
2. CurveIII represents
3. CurvelV representsthe resultsdbt/rnedwhenargongasis addedto theaboveprocess. {

28.In a chemicalreaction,a catalyst /

Dr. increases therateofthe forwardreactionandthe rategf therevcrse bythesamefactor./
reaction
rJ 2. decreases theactivationenerry.J ,/
J . aflectstheenthalpyofreaction. I42t200tl
* ,/
\-/
29. The reactionbetweenthe X(ll iodideion andthcperoxodisulphate(Vl thefollowingsteps.
2* (aq) + (aq)
2X3t(aq)+ 2l'( 12 StepI
2X2'1aq1 + (aq) ) 2Xr* (aq)+ 2SO42-(aq)
Whichof ng statements arecorrect reaction?
l . T h eX ( l l ) i the intermediate. 2. TheX( 3. Heterogeneous

[ :0. fne reactionbetweenthe X(lll) ion, iodideion andthe peroxodisulphate(Vl)

ion follows the following steps.
f \ ZX'* (aq)+ 2l- (aq) ) 2X2*(aq)+ 12(aq) StepI
D zx" (aq)+ S2os2-(aq) ) 2X3*(aq)+ 2So42-(aq) Step2
D Whichof the following statementsarecorrectregardingthereaction?
l. TheX(ll) ion is theintermediate..,/
2. The X(lll) ion actsasa catalyst. f.+'/--li{
gl s{*qu\
3. Heterogeneous catalysisoccurs.X *.\s+r*u*d I47t200tl

@
f.
2.
3.
platir;ynlpalladium/rodium
,n .uru,r,icconverters,
theoxidationof sulphurdioy'deto sulphurtrioxide.
is usedto catalyse

theoxidationof hydrocar/onsto carbondioxideandwater.

thereductionof theoyltllesof nitrogento nitrogenandoxygen.
s# 147D0031

B 32. The reactionof iodinewith propanone

ionsandtheconcentration
l. Theunitof theratecffiis
't
dm3mr "min't.y
" " ' z t/
-
solutionis acidcatalysed.It is firstorderwith respect
ofpropanone.phich statement(s) is/aretrue?
/. /
of hydrogen
to theconcentration

2. Therateof reactionat pH l is tenl fasterthanthatat oH 2. y'

3. The rate-determining
stepi of iodinewith propanone. l42t20t0l

D i3fh: r?le.::n^stanj for a reaction

is 6.93ylO-3| Whichstatement(s)
aboutthe reactionis/aretrue?
half-lifefor the.reaction
is t$^i V
b 2:ii;;rate;il*.reJ;;i;;.d;l-0;;rfrr-t
I lh. . ./. _ when concentration
of thereactantis 0.t mol am''./
su the
3. The activationenergyof the reactionit fow. [44/20tr1

+
 lr(
- ?-
34. Th:; rateequationfor the reactionbetweenX andY is asfollows:

c r.,,.hen0.20m
statement(s)
Rate= tJxl Jv12
o fogl a s X a n d 0 . l 0 m ool f g a s y a r e m i y d i n a 2 . 0 d m 3 v e s s e l a t 3 0 0 o c , t h e i rnai t ieai ls 3 . 2 x l O a m o l d m - 3 s - r . w h i c h o f t h e
is/aretrueofthe reaction? //
| . The numerical valueof k at 300oCis 0.16 / a
2. Theunitofkisdm6mol-2s'ry / , ? V -"
= n R l' .
1 v " t44l20l2l
3. The rateof reactionis eighttimesslowerjr/a 4.0dnrr vesselr/

35. The table helnw shnws the at constantvolumefor threegasesP, Q andR.

with temoerature
Gas Pressure/atm
at 300K at 350K at 400K at 450K
P t.00 / l . l 7 r . 3 3 1.50 J-ar*
a r.00 1 . I
5 2.10 2.32x
/ 2.93X
R t.00 / 1.87 2.35
Whichgasesshow deviationt'romthe ideal L- nR
l. P 2.O a T-V
T1andT2areshownbelow.
curvesat temperatures
The Bolzmanndistribution 144t20061
Ot6

Fnction of
moleculca

.FrtenlperatureTt,
l. the activationenerg/is lower / i /
2. moremolecules havelowerenergy/ / /
v
3. the total numberof moleculesremainscony'ant.
\-/
SectionB: Answerall thequestions.
to scale.
l. (a) The phasediagramofwatergivenbelowis drawnnot according
kPir
Ilrcssurel

2.2x l0{

?73.r 6
/ ./
by 1ffepointsO r
erstand

i$,.kwrySrg..eS
,ffir l

(iii) An atypicalproperty
051
tofrf+-
ot*o:,Ji Lbtfuiltsrreezi,,'g *M
lxw+!g?r F *fs€/-fhol sutidv$AXl fs;tT {o**p lp* eS*{ *srS,-ffi!
ilrl
,r&r**twtlk
poi"=tKr.or"..lowerat higherpressure.
Explainthisstatement. / /

'b,abitt?[
lowe-f ,

r{4s9-
 -Kd5
L^
plP

,y
K&(
+ .q aas
.K' v\ Qtk
\' -J', ,,4
o
ont
to

'ad\
.*r4KVll.!4 yp.lv.rn-a.d*t nqr^tr*
...gd..d*t..ny1^tr*
itV. , {oorr"ol dfudionatd rep,&siott'
npP.ty.l*
r.fi.r:t,d
" " " ; ^ ; "" " " " ' z ' \ " " " " " " " " " ' " f " " " " "
P...'.v..H...il-Hl.'l;1.'.::;....-.y.'.Y..'.::;....;t::...:.';-.:f..'.lY,y.L:::-
(b) Woul8you expectthelasYnthe canisterto behave* u" idy(e4? Explainyour answer.
"11.e
ms tn {he ranisfur r^rill1oq Vhqv|-'6 a,n'd€r.lqashqrrce

//-
Wn
laai.Qosrrrdaale lt*'
fvedl nobcub Aolds {onml,Wd.
""""""r"""'
{hal sref
Yr.
A0nqt .&:de.: /n!e,.r. t^.P. fiXob - aduc,d 4.fllg
Wqvfi.,
(e) A canisterwasconnected
W
to a gassyringeandthevalveopenedslightlyto allowsomeofthe
of 20.0oCanda pressure
thegastook up a volumeof 96.0cm' at a temperature of 1.02x I Usethe generalgasequationpV =

t
(f) Suggesta reasonasto why propaneis usedinsteadofbutanein gasstovesin cold climatesduringthe winter. lU
Forces.{.3gs$:.?t..kl*l b.rtanemu\erJe.
...?ptrg,.y.y.t9.9/y...19...nska..$*1..{.r*l.yf..qLfg*'9.!...b.
3. (a) The mechanism
for the reactionbetweennitrogenmonoxideandoxygento form nitrogendioxide it ;;;;;;;K.'
2,tys j*.v-o- SteF :1.(Fe$t, 0
l-_r

o"
r\ru(), +. a-n" , ?hr()r st€,a 2 (Sloztt)

wherek1, k-1 andk2arerateconstantsfor the reactions.

Write the equationfor theoverallreactionandd?rivetG,rateequationfor thereactionbetweenNO andOz. [6]

)N 0 + or -t eNOr
(b)rhekineticsortne,eaJon'
;1.i66 ; ;;;@ ; ;Nil;Gj ;ii:-; u ;;i;';;;;;;;il;;;;;; ;;'l andfirst order
with respectto [Br2].The reactionhasan activgtfo{energyof 5.6 kf mol-r.
'ffi
=[ilo]' [e;"j" ";
(i) Write the rateequationfor the reactionw(d stab the unitsof therateconstant[2] t

;;:;',+*+n,:;J;i' ;i nffi s4t

./
I1
(ii) Sketchandlabela tioqpathwaydiagramfor the reactionshowingall relevantenergychanges.[4]
hot' ,--_. a

1& 19)

rN0& ?
"fli[Ti','r
(c) The decomposition

ry)*r:fu %.7,,
of peroxyacetylnitrate(PAN) in

miA
, If the half-life for the decomposition
is 3.2 minutes,

///
6