NUTRIENT DEFISIENCY

Plant Nutrients
• Plants require 16 essential elements
for plant growth.
– Macronutrients :
a. C, H, O : come from air and water
b. N, P , K : primary macronutrients
c. Ca, Mg, S : Secondary macronutrients
– Micronutrients
• Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, B, Cl, Mo
-Unsur hara
esensial

-Unsur hara
Fungsional

-Unsur hara
makro

- Unsur hara
mikro
 Nutrient Cycle
•Soil And Plant Relations
–Uptake of the essential elements is
controlled by the availability of the
nutrients and by the proximity to the
root surface
–Nutrients are supplied to the root
surface in 3 ways
•Root Interception
•Mass flow
•Diffusion
 Nutrient Absorb
•Root Interception
– root moves through the soil and comes into contact with the
nutrient on the colloid.
– generally not very important because the root only comes into
contact with 1-2% of the total soil volume.
•Mass flow
– nutrients move to the root with water.
– most important with nutrients that will easily flow with the water.
N may be taken up by mass flow
•Diffusion
– concentration gradients are set up around the root surfaces and
the soil farther away. In response to this gradient the nutrients
move towards the plant root. For most cations this is the most
important form of movement.
•for nutrients like P and K this is the most important form of
uptake.
•the addition of fertilizer will increase the gradient and increase
uptake.
 Carbon (C)

•In plant tissue 40 – 50 %

•Carbohydrate essential structure
•Absorbed as CO2 (stomata)
•Principle ring of organic synthesis
 Nitrogen (N)
• Plant tissue contains 1 – 5% N
• Absorbed as NO3- and NH4+
• Constituent of protein (DNA and RNA)
• The important part of chlorophyle (porphyrine
ring system)
• Principle role of Vegetative Growth
• Synthesis of carbohydrate
• Mobile in soil and plant
Nitrogen (N) Deficiency
 Nitrogen (N): 1-5%
•Deficiency symptom
–Tanaman menjadi
kerdil dan/atau
menjadi kuning pada
daun yang tua
–N bersifat lincah
(mobile) dalam dan
tanaman, jadi daun
baru dapat tetap hijau
–Kelebihan N
menghambat
pemasakan, tanaman
sukulen dan mudah
terserang hama-
penyakit
 Phosphorous (P)
1. Plant tissue contains 0,1 – 0,4 % P
2. Absorbed as H2PO4- and HPO42-
3. Constituent of ADP and ATP
4. Energy Supply of Biochemistry
process
5. Root growth
6. Seed and fruit maturity
7. Accelerate plant maturity
8. Seed and fruit quality
9. Less Relatively mobile
Kekurangan Phosporus (P)
 Fosfor (P) : 0.1-0.5 % P
•Deficiency
symptom
–Reduksi
pertumbuhan,
kerdil
–Warna hijau tua
– becak ungu
pada daun
jagung,
–Menunda
pemasakan
–Penbentukan
biji gagal