190 Test Questions:

1. Which of the following is true about the singleton design pattern?

Answers:
• A singleton pattern means that a class will only have a single method.
• A singleton pattern means that a class can have only one instance object.
• A singleton pattern means that a class has only a single member variable.
• Singletons cannot be implemented in PHP.
2. Which of the following is useful for method overloading?
Answers:
• __call,__get,__set
• _get,_set,_load
• __get,__set,__load
• __overload
3. What is the best practice for running MySQL queries in PHP?
Consider the risk of SQL injection.
Answers:
• Use mysql_query() and variables: for example: $input = $_POST[‘user_input’];
mysql_query(«INSERT INTO table (column) VALUES (‘» . $input . «‘)»);
• Use PDO prepared statements and parameterized queries: for example: $input=
$_POST[«user-input»] $stmt = $pdo->prepare(‘INSERT INTO table (column) VALUES
(«:input»); $stmt->execute(array(‘:input’ => $input));
• Use mysql_query() and string escaped variables: for example: $input= $_POST[«user-
input»] $input_safe = mysql_real_escape_string($input); mysql_query(«INSERT INTO
table (column) VALUES (‘» . $input. «‘)»);
• Use mysql_query() and variables with a blacklisting check: for example: $blacklist =
array(«DROP»,»INSERT»,»DELETE»); $input= $_POST[«user-input»] if
(!$array_search($blacklist))) mysql_query(«INSERT INTO table (column) VALUES (‘» .
$input. «‘)»);
4. Which of the following methods should be used for sending an email
using the variables $to, $subject, and $body?
Answers:
• mail($to,$subject,$body)
• sendmail($to,$subject,$body)
• mail(to,subject,body)
• sendmail(to,subject,body)
5. Which of the following will print out the PHP call stack?
Answers:
• $e = new Exception; var_dump($e->debug());
• $e = new Exception; var_dump($e->getTraceAsString());
• $e = new Exception; var_dump($e->backtrace());
• $e = new Exception; var_dump($e->getString());
6. What will be the output of the following code?
<?php
var_dump (3*4);
?>
Answers:
• int(3*4)
• int(12)
• 3*4
• 12
• None of the above
7. Which of the following will start a session?
Answers:
• session(start);
• session();
• session_start();
• login_sesion();
8. Which of the following is incorrect with respect to separating PHP
code and HTML?
Answers:
• Use an MVC design pattern.
• As PHP is a scripting language, HTML and PHP cannot be separated.
• Use any PHP template engine e.g: smarty to keep the presentation separate from business
logic.
• Create one script containing your (PHP) logic outputting XML and one script produce
the XSL to translate the XML to views.
9. Which of the following will read an object into an array variable?
Answers:
• $array_variable = get_object_vars($object);
• $array_variable = (array)$object;
• $array_variable = array $object;
• $array_variable = get_object_vars $object;
10. Which of the following is correct about Mysqli and PDO?
Answers:
• Mysqli provides the procedural way to access the database while PDO provides the object
oriented way.
• Mysqli can only be used to access MySQL database while PDO can be used to access any
DBMS.
• MySQLi prevents SQL Injection whereas PDO does not.
• MySQLi is used to create prepared statements whereas PDO is not.
11. Which of the following characters are taken care of by
htmlspecialchars?
Answers:
•<
•>
• single quote
• double quote
•&
• All of these
12. Which function can be used to delete a file?
Answers:
• delete()
• delete_file()
• unlink()
• fdelete()
• file_unlink()
13. What would occur if a fatal error was thrown in your PHP program?
Answers:
• The PHP program will stop executing at the point where the error occurred.
• The PHP program will show a warning message and program will continue executing.
• Since PHP is a scripting language so it does not have fatal error.
• Nothing will happen.
14. What is the correct way to send a SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer
Protocol) email using PHP?
Answers:
• s.sendmail($EmailAddress, [$MessageBody], msg.as_string())
• sendmail($EmailAddress, «Subject», $MessageBody);
• mail($EmailAddress, «Subject», $MessageBody);
• <a href=»mailto:$EmailAddress»>$MessageBody</a>
15. Which of the following is not a PHP magic constant?
Answers:
• __FUNCTION__
• __TIME__
• __FILE__
• __NAMESPACE__
• __CLASS__
16. Which of the following is used to maintain the value of a variable
over different pages?
Answers:
• static
• global
• session_register()
• None of these
17. Which of the following is not related to debugging in PHP?
Answers:
• watch
• PDO
• breakpoints
• call stack
18. Should assert() be used to check user input?
Answers:
• Yes
• No
19. Which function will suitably replace ‘X’ if the size of a file needs to
be checked?
$size=X(filename);
Answers:
• filesize
• size
• sizeofFile
• getSize
20. Which of the following is not a predefined constant?
Answers:
• TRUE
• FALSE
• NULL
• __FILE__
• CONSTANT
21. What will be the output of the following code?
<?php
$str=»Hello»;
$test=»lo»;
echo substr_compare($str, $test, -strlen($test), strlen($test)) === 0;
?>
Answers:
• FALSE
• Syntax error
•0
•1
22. Which of the following functions is not used in debugging?
Answers:
• var_dump()
• fprintf()
• print_r()
• var_export()
23. Which of the following cryptographic functions in PHP returns the
longest hash value?
Answers:
• md5()
• sha1()
• crc32()
• All return the same hash value length.
24. Consider the following class:
1 class Insurance
2{
3 function clsName()
4{
5 echo get_class($this);
6}
7}
8 $cl = new Insurance();
9 $cl->clsName();
10 Insurance::clsName();
Which of the following lines should be commented to print the class
name without errors?
Answers:
• Line 8 and 9
• Line 10
• Line 9 and 10
• All the three lines 8,9, and 10 should be left as it is.
25. Without introducing a non-class member variable, which of the
following can be used to keep an eye on the existing number of objects of
a given class?
Answers:
• Adding a member variable that gets incremented in the default constructor and
decremented in the destructor.
• Adding a local variable that gets incremented in each constructor and decremented in the
destructor.
• Add a static member variable that gets incremented in each constructor and decremented
in the destructor.
• This cannot be accomplished since the creation of objects is being done dynamically via
«new.»
26. Which of these is not a valid PHP XML API?
Answers:
• a.libxml_clear_errors()
• b.libXMLError()
• c.libxml_get_errors()
• d.libxml_use_internal_errors()
27. Which of the following is not a valid API?
Answers:
• trigger_print_error()
• trigger_error()
• debug_backtrace()
• debug_print_backtrace()
28. Which of the following is true about posting data using cURL in
PHP?
Answers:
• Data can be posted using only the POST method.
• Data can be posted using only the GET method.
• Data can be posted using both GET and POST methods.
• Data cannot be posted using cURL.
29. Which of the following is the correct way to check if a session has
already been started?
Answers:
• if ($_SERVER[«session_id»]) echo ‘session started’;
• if (session_id()) echo ‘session started’;
• if ($_SESSION[«session_id»]) echo ‘session started’;
• if ($GLOBALS[«session_id»]) echo ‘session started’;
30. Which statement will return true?
Note: There may be more than one right answer
Answers:
• a. is_numeric («200»)
• b. is_numeric («20,0»)
• c. is_numeric («$200»)
• d. is_numeric («.25e4»)
• e. None
31. Which of the the following are PHP file upload-related functions?
Answers:
• upload_file()
• is_uploaded_file()
• move_uploaded_file()
• None of these
32. Which of the following statements regarding PHP forms, are correct?
Note: There may be more than one right answer
Answers:
• In PHP, the predefined $_POST variable is used to collect values in a form with
method=»post».
• In PHP, the predefined $_GET variable is used to collect values in a form with
method=»get».
• In PHP, the predefined $_REQUEST variable contains the contents of both $_GET,
$_POST, and $_COOKIE.
• Information sent from a form with the POST method is invisible to others and has an
8MB limit on the amount of information to send, which cannot be changed.
33. What is the output of the following code?
<?php
$array = array(«1″,»2″,»3″,»4»);
$variable = end(array_keys($array));
echo $variable;
?>
Answers:
•1
•2
•3
•4
34. What would be the output of the following code?
<?php
$arr = array(«foo»,
«bar»,
«baz»);
for ($i = 0; $i < count($arr); $i++) {
$item = $arr[$i];
}
echo «<pre>»;
print_r($item);
echo «</pre>»;
?>
Answers:
• Array ( [0] => foo [1] => bar [2] => baz )
• foo
• bar
• baz
35. Which of the following is not a valid php.ini parameter with respect
to file uploading?
Answers:
• upload_max_filesize
• allow_url_fopen
• upload_tmp_dir
• post_max_size
36. What is the correct syntax of mail() function in PHP?
Answers:
• mail($to,$subject,$message,$headers)
• mail($from,$to,$subject,$message)
• mail($to,$from,$subject,$message)
• mail($to,$from,$message,$headers)
37. What is the correct PHP command to use to catch any error
messages within the code?
Answers:
• set_error(‘set_error’);
• set_error_handler(‘error_handler’);
• set_handler(‘set_handler’);
• set_exception(‘set_exception’);
38. Which of the following is not a valid xdebug configuration setting?
Answers:
• xdebug.var_display_max_depth
• xdebug.var_display_max_children
• xdebug.var_display_max_data
• xdebug.trace
39. What is wrong with the following code?
<?php
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, «http://www.example.com/»);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
?>
Answers:
• There is nothing wrong with the code.
• The cURL resource $ch has not been created using the curl_init() method.
• The $ch variable needs to be initialized as $ch=null;.
• The code will cause a parse error.
40. What is the difference between die() and exit() in PHP?
Answers:
• die() is an alias for exit().
• exit() is a function, die() is a language construct and cannot be called using variable
functions.
• die() accepts a string as its optional parameter which is printed before the application
terminates; exit() accepts an integer as its optional parameter which is passed to the
operating system as the exit code.
• die() terminates the script immediately, exit() calls shutdown functions and object
destructors first.
41. Which of the following will check if a function exists?
Answers:
• function_exists()
• has_function()
• $a = «function to check»; if ($a ()) // then function exists
• None of these
42. Which of the following is not a file-related function in PHP?
Answers:
• fclose
• fopen
• fwrite
• fgets
• fappend
43. Which of the following variable declarations within a class is invalid
in PHP?
Answers:
• private $type = ‘moderate’;
• internal $term = 3;
• public $amnt = ‘500’;
• protected $name = ‘Quantas Private Limited’;
44. For the following code:
<?php
function Expenses()
{
function Salary()
{
}
function Loan()
{
function Balance()
{}
}
}
?>
Which of the following sequence will run successfully?
Answers:
• Expenses();Salary();Loan();Balance();
• Salary();Expenses();Loan();Balance();
• Expenses();Salary();Balance();Loan();
• Balance();Loan();Salary();Expenses();
45. What enctype is required for file uploads to work?
Answers:
• multipart/form-data
• multipart
• file
• application/octect-stream
• None of these
46. Which one of the following is not an encryption method in PHP?
Answers:
• crypt()
• md5()
• sha1()
• bcrypt()
47. What function should you use to join array elements with a glue
string?
Answers:
• join_st
• implode
• connect
• make_array
• None of these
48. What is the string concatenation operator in PHP?
Answers:
•+
• ||
•.
• |||
• None of these
49. Which of the following will store order number (34) in an
‘OrderCookie’?
Answers:
• setcookie(«OrderCookie»,34);
• makeCookie(«OrderCookie»,34);
• Cookie(«OrderCookie»,34);
• OrderCookie(34);
50. What is the correct line to use within the php.ini file, to specify that
128MB would be the maximum amount of memory that a script may
use?
Answers:
• memory_limit = 128M
• limit_memory = 128M
• memory_limit: 128M
• limit_memory: 128M
51. What is the best way to change the key without changing the value of
a PHP array element?
Answers:
• $arr[$newkey] = $oldkey; unset($arr[$oldkey]);
• $arr[$newkey] = $arr[$oldkey]; unset($arr[$oldkey]);
• $newkey = $arr[$oldkey]; unset($arr[$oldkey]);
• $arr[$newkey] = $oldkey.GetValue(); unset($arr[$oldkey]);
52. What will be the output of the following code?
<?
echo 5 * 6 / 2 + 2 * 3;
?>
Answers:
•1
• 20
• 21
• 23
• 34
53. Does PHP 5 support exceptions?
Answers:
• Yes
• No
54. What will be the output of the following code?
<?php
echo 30 * 5 . 7;
?>
Answers:
• 150 . 7
• 1507
• 150.7
• Integers can’t be concatenated.
• An error will be thrown.
55. Which of these is not a valid SimpleXML Parser method?
Answers:
• simplexml_import_dom()
• simplexml_import_sax()
• simplexml_load_file()
• simplexml_load_string()
56. Which of the following environment variables is used to fetch the IP
address of the user in a PHP application?
Answers:
• $IP_ADDR
• $REMOTE_ADDR_USER
• $REMOTE_ADDR
• $IP_ADDR_USER
57. Given the following array:
$array = array(0 => ‘blue’, 1 => ‘red’, 2 => ‘green’, 3 => ‘red’);
Which one of the following will print 2?
Answers:
• echo array_search(‘green’, $array);
• echo in_array(‘green’, $array);
• echo array_key_exists(2, $array);
• echo array_search(‘red’,$array);
58. Which of the following will not give the correct date and time in
PHP?
Answers:
• date(«Y-m-d H:i:s»)
• date(«y-m-d H:i:s»)
• date(«f, j Y H:i:s»)
• date(«F, j Y H:i:s»)
59. Which of the following is the right MIME to use as a Content Type
for JSON data?
Answers:
• text/x-json
• text/javascript
• application/json
• application/x-javascript
60. With what encoding does chr() work?
Answers:
• ASCII
• UTF-8
• UTF-16
• Implementation dependent
• None of these
61. What is the output of the following code?
<?php
echo 0x500;
?>
Answers:
• 500
• 0x500
• 0500
• 1280
• 320
62. Which of the following statements is true about the «new» operator
in PHP?
Answers:

• It is used to define a new variable.

• It creates and allocates memory for a new object
• It is used to call the constructor
• The “new” operator does not exist in PHP
63. Which of the following regular expressions can be used to check the
validity of an e-mail address?
Answers:

• ^[^@ ]+@[^@ ]+\.[^@ ]+$

• ^[^@ ]+@[^@ ]+.[^@ ]+$
• $[^@ ]+@[^@ ]+\.[^@ ]+^
• $[^@ ]+@[^@ ]+.[^@ ]+^
64. Which of the following is not a valid DOM method in PHP?
Answers:
• loadXMLFile()
• loadXML()
• loadHTMLFile()
• loadHTML()
65. What is the fastest way to insert an item $item into the specified
position $position of the array $array?
Answers:

• array_insert()
• array_splice()
• array_merge() and array_slice()
• PHP does not have any built-in function that can do this: the source array will have to be
copied, and $item inserted in to the required position:
$n = 0;
foreach ($array as $key => $val) {
if ($n == $position) {
$target[] = $item;
}
++$n;
$target[$key] = $val;
}
66. Consider the following 2D array in PHP:
$array = array(array(141,151,161), 2, 3, array(101, 202, 303));
Which of the following will display all values in the array?
Answers:

• function DisplayArray($array) {
foreach ($array as $value) {
if (array_valid($value)) {
DisplayArray($value);
} else {
echo $value. “ ”;
}
}
}
DisplayArray($array);
• function DisplayArray($array) {
for ($array as $value) {
if (valid_array($value)) {
DisplayArray($value);
} else {
echo $value. “ ”;
}
}
}
DisplayArray($array);
• function DisplayArray($array) {
for ($array as $value) {
if (is_array($value)) {
DisplayArray($value);
} else {
echo $value. “ ”;
}
}
}
DisplayArray($array);
• function DisplayArray($array) {
foreach ($array as $value) {
if (is_array($value)) {
DisplayArray($value);
} else {
echo $value “ ”;
}
}
}
DisplayArray($array);
67. Why is it not recommended to use $_REQUEST when handling form
submissions in PHP?
Answers:
• It’s difficult to determine whether it is a $_POST or $_GET request.
• $_REQUEST is deprecated
• $_REQUEST includes $_COOKIE by default, and parameters from $_COOKIE with the
same name may be overriden with parameters from $_GET or $_POST.
• $_REQUEST does not handle HTTP rquests, it handles database requests.
68. How should a variable be declared in a function, if the value has to be
retained over multiple calls?
Answers:

• local
• global
• static
• None of these
69. Which is the best way to automatically deploy a PHP website using
git push?
Answers:

• It is not possible.
• You should have two copies on your server. A bare copy, that you can push/pull from, to
which you would push your changes to when you are done. Then you would clone this into
your web directory and set up a cronjob to update git pull from your web directory every
day or couple of days.
• Developing from scratch a custom deployment script to manage all the aspects.
• Copy over your git directory to your web server. On your local copy, modify your
.git/config file and add your web server as a remote. On the server, replace .git/hooks/post-
update with an existing script to process the rest of the workflow.
Make the script executable.
70. With what encoding does chr () work?
Answers:
a. ASCII
b. UTF-8
c. UTF-16
d. Implementation dependent
e. None of the above
71. Which of the following file modes is used to write into a file at the end
of the existing content, and create the file if the file does not exist?
Answers:
• r+
• w+
•a
•x
72. What is the output of the following code?
<?php
function abc()
{
return __FUNCTION__;
}
function xyz()
{
return abc();
}
echo xyz();
?>
Answers:
• abc
• __FUNCTION__
• xyz
• <empty output>
73. Which of the following is the operator with the highest precedence?
Answers:
•+
• instanceof
• new
•=
• None of the above
74. Which function is used to remove the first element of an array?
Answers:
• array_remove_first_element
• array_shift
• array_ltrim
• a[0] = nil
• None of these
75. Which of the following functions output text?
Note: There may be more than one right answer.
Answers:
• echo()
• print()
• println()
• display()
76. What is the best way to load a file that contains necessary functions
and classes?
Answers:
• include($filename);
• require($filename);
• include_once($filename);
• require_once($filename);
77. With regard to abstract classes, which of the following statements is
false?
Answers:
• Abstract classes are not available in PHP.
• A class with a single abstract method must be declared abstract.
• An abstract class can contain non-abstract methods.
• An abstract method must have a method definition and can have optional empty braces
following it.
78. What is the output of the following code?
<?php
function
vec_add (&amp;$a, $b)
{
$a[‘x’] += $b[‘x’];
$a[‘y’] += $b[‘y’];
$a[‘z’] += $b[‘z’];
}
$a = array (x =&gt; 3, y =&gt; 2, z =&gt; 5);
$b = array (x =&gt; 9, y =&gt; 3, z =&gt; -7);
vec_add (&amp;$a, $b);
print_r ($a);
?>
Answers:
• Array
(
[x] =&gt; 9
[y] =&gt; 3
[z] =&gt; -7
)
• Array
(
[x] =&gt; 3
[y] =&gt; 2
[z] =&gt; 5
)
• Array
(
[x] =&gt; 12
[y] =&gt; 5
[z] =&gt; -2
)
• Error
• None of the above
79. Which of the following are not considered as Boolean false?
Answers:
• FALSE
•0
• «0»
• «FALSE»
•4
• -4
• NULL
80. Which of the following code snippets has the most appropriate
headers to force the browser to download a CSV file?
Answers:
• header(«Content-type: text/csv»);
header(«Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=file.csv»);
header(«Pragma: no-cache»);
header(«Expires: 0»);
• header(‘Content-Type: application/download’);
header(«Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=file.csv»);
header(«Pragma: no-cache»);
header(«Expires: 0»);
• header(‘Content-Type: application/csv’);
header(«Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=file.csv»);
header(«Pragma: no-cache»);
header(«Expires: 0»);
• header(‘Content-Type: application/octet-stream’);
header(«Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=file.csv»);
header(«Pragma: no-cache»);
header(«Expires: 0»);
81.What is the output of the following code?
<?php
echo «<pre>»;
$array = array(«red»,»green»,»blue»);
$last_key = end(array_keys($array));
foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
if ($key == $last_key) {
echo «a<br>»;
} else {
echo «b<br>»;
}
}
?>
Answers:
•b
a
b
•b
a
a
•b
a
a
•b
b
b
82. With regards to the «static» keyword in PHP, which of the following
statements is false?
Answers:
• The $this variable can be used inside any static method.
• Static properties may only be initialized using a literal or a constant.
• A property declared as static can not be accessed with an instantiated class object.
• A static variable or method can be accessed without requiring instantiation of the class.
83. What is «empty()»?
Answers:
• A function
• A language construct
• A variable
• A reference
• None of these
84. Which of the following is not a valid cURL parameter in PHP?
Answers:
• CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER
• CURLOPT_GET
• CURLOPT_POST
• CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS
85. What is the output of the following code?
<?
$a = 0;
echo ~$a;
?>
Answers:
• -1
•0
•1
• 10
• Syntax error
86.When comparing two arrays, what is the difference between «==» and
«===»?
Answers:
• «==» compares keys while «===» compares keys and values.
• «===» also compares the order and types of the objects.
• «===» compares the array references.
• They are identical.
• None of these.
87. With the following code, will the word Hello be printed?
<?
//?>Hello
Answers:
• yes
• no
88. Which of the following features are supported in PHP5?
Note: There may be more than one right answer.
Answers:
• Multiple Inheritance
• Embedded Database with SQLite
• Exceptions and Iterators
• Interoperable XML Tools
89. Consider the following statements:
I : while (expr) statement
II : while (expr): statement … endwhile;
Answers:
• I is correct and II is wrong.
• I is wrong and II is correct.
• Both I and II are wrong.
• Both I and II are correct.
90. Which of the following type cast is not correct?
<?php
$fig = 23;
$varb1 = (real) $fig;
$varb2 = (double) $fig;
$varb3 = (decimal) $fig;
$varb4 = (bool) $fig;
?>
Answers:
• real
• double
• decimal
• boolean
91. Which of the following printing construct/function accepts multiple
parameters?
Note: There may be more than one right answer.
Answers:
• echo
• print
• printf
• All of these
92. Which of the following is false about cURL?
Answers:
• cURL can be used to send plain text data to a remote server.
• cURL can be used to send both text as well as files using a single request.
• cURL can be used to send files to a remote server.
• Files cannot be sent using cURL.
93. What is the proper definition of stdClass?
Answers:
• stdClass is php’s generic base class, kind of like Object in Java or object in Python
• stdClass is a generic ’empty’ class that’s used when casting other types to objects.
• stdClass is a C++ construct used in the std:: libraries
• stdClass the base class which must be used to create anonymous classes.
94. Which of the following are valid PHP data types?
Answers:
• resource
• null
• boolean
• string
• All of these
95. Which of the following variables are supported by ‘str_replace()’
function?
Answers:
• Integer
• String
• Boolean
• Array
96. Which of the following methods is used to check if an array is
associative or numeric?
Answers:
• is_Assoc().
• isAssoc().
• is_assoc()
• None of the above.
97. What will be the output of the following code?
<?php
$xmlFile = «<root><css><element><csstag><title>background-
color</title><value>#FFF</value></csstag><csstag><title>color</title><value>#333
</value></csstag><csstag><title>font-family</title><value>Verdana, Geneva, sans-
serif</value></csstag></element></css></root>»;
$xml = simplexml_load_string($xmlFile);
foreach($xml->css as $css) {
echo (string) $css->element[‘id’].»{«;
foreach($xml->css->element->csstag as $tag) {
$temp = $tag->title.»: «.$tag->value.»;»;
echo $temp;
}
echo «}»;
}
?>
Answers:
• syntax error
• background-color: #FFF;color: #333;font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;
• parse error;
• {background-color: #FFF;color: #333;font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;}
98. Which of the following statements is incorrect, with regards to
inheritance in PHP?
Answers:
• A class can only have a single parent, i.e. it cannot extend more than one class.
• A class can both extend another class as well as implement an interface.
• A class can implement more than one interface.
• A class can extend more than one class.
99. Which of the following is the correct way to convert a variable from a
string to an integer?
Answers:
• $number_variable = int_val $string_variable;
• $number_variable = (int_val)$string_variable;
• $number_variable = int($string_variable);
• $number_variable = (int)$string_variable;
100. What is the correct way to read-in multiple values from an array?
Answers:
• $x,$y,$z = array(7,8,9);
• ($x,$y,$z) = array(7,8,9);
• array($x,$y,$z) = array(7,8,9);
• list($x,$y,$z) = array(7,8,9);
101. Which MIME type need to be used to send attachment in mail?
Answers:
• text/html
• text/plain
• application/mixed
• multipart/mixed
102. Which of the following data type can not be directly manipulated by
the Client?
Answers:
• Cookie Data
• referrer
• User Agent
• Session data
103. What is the output of the following code?
<?php
$a = 123;
$b = «123»;
if ($a == $b) echo ‘A’;
if ($a === $b) echo ‘B’;
?>
Answers:
• <empty output>
•A
•B
• AB
104. Which of the following will return the complete URL of the
requested PHP page?
Answers:
• apache_getenv(«HTTP_HOST»)
• $_SERVER[‘HTTP_HOST’]
• $_SERVER[‘HTTP_HOST’].$_SERVER[‘REQUEST_URI’];
• $_SERVER[‘REQUEST_URI’];
105. Which of the following is false about foreach loop in PHP?
Answers:
• The foreach construct provides an easy way to iterate over arrays.
• foreach works only on arrays and objects.
• foreach loop can be used with a variable of any type.
• foreach does not support the ability to suppress error messages using ‘@’.
106. What is the output of the following code?
<?php
function y($v) {
echo $v;
}
$w = «y»;
$w(«z»);
$w = «x»;
?>
Answers:
•x
•y
•z
• <error>
107. Which of the following statement is correct?
Answers:
• Interfaces can extend more than one interface
• Interfaces can extend only one interface
• Interfaces can inherit a method from different interfaces
• Interfaces can re-declare inherited methods
108. Which of the following is true regarding the str_replace() function
in PHP?
Answers:
• It requires a minimum of 2 parameters.
• The first argument is the string or array being searched and replaced.
• The second argument is the the replacement value that replaces found search values.
• It will replace only the first matched string.
109. Which of the following is incorrect way to take a PHP variable
named $name and reassign it to a javascript variable var name?
Answers:
• <script>
var name = «<?php echo $name;?>»;
</script>
• <script>
var name =<?php echo $name;?>;
</script>
• <script>
var name = <?php echo json_encode($name);?>;
</script>
• <script>
var name = «<?php echo addslashes($name);?>»;
</script>
110. Which is true about the curl_setopt() API?
Answers:
• PHP does not provide such an API.
• It sets multiple options for a cURL transfer.
• It executes the curl command.
• It sets one option for a cURL transfer.
111. Which of the following is the best way to convert one date format
into another; portable for all PHP versions?
Answers:
• $myDateTime = DateTime::createFromFormat(‘Y-m-d’, $dateString);
$newDateString = $myDateTime->format(‘m/d/Y’);
• $old_date = date(‘l, F d y h:i:s’);
$old_date_timestamp = strtotime($old_date);
$new_date = date(‘Y-m-d H:i:s’, $old_date_timestamp);
• implode(‘-‘, array_reverse(explode(‘-‘, $date)));
• $old_date = date(‘y-m-d-h-i-s’);
preg_match_all(‘/(\.+)-(\d+)-(\w+)-(\d+)-(\w+)-(\w+)/’, $old_date, $out);
$out = $out[0];
$time = mktime($out[4], $out[5], $out[6], $out[2], $out[3], $out[1]);
$new_date = date(‘Y-m-d H:i:s’, $time);
112. In mail($param1, $param2, $param3, $param4); the $param2
contains:
Answers:
• The message
• The subject
• The header
• The recipient
113. Which code snippet outputs a random string?
Answers:
• <?php
Function RandomString()
{
$characters =
’0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ’;
$randstring = »;
for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++)
{
$randstring = $characters[rand(0, strlen($characters))];
}
return $randstring;
}
RandomString();
echo $randstring; ?>
• function generateRandomString($length = 10) {
$characters =
‘0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ’;
$randomString = »;
for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) {
$randomString .= $characters[rand(0, strlen($characters) — 1)];
}
return $randomString;
}
• function generateRandomString($length = 15)
{
return substr(sha1(rand()), 0, 0);
}
•function RandomString($length) {
$keys = array_merge(range(0,9), range(‘a’, ‘z’));
for($i=0; $i < $length; $i++) {
$key = $keys[array_rand($keys)];
}
return $key;
}
114. Which is the best approach to parse HTML and extract structured
information from it?
Answers:
• Use an existing LibXML based library like DOM or phpQuery.
• String searching and extraction.
• Use an XML parser (as simpleXML) and XPath queries if available.
• Use specific regular expressions.
115. Which of the following is incorrect about empty()?
Answers:
• empty() checks if a variable is empty.
• empty() can check expressions.
• empty() can only check variables.
• empty() returns false if a variable exists and has a non-empty value.
116. Which of the following is incorrect about the Common Gateway
Interface (CGI)?
Answers:
• CGI is a standard method for web server software to delegate the generation of web
content to executable files.
• CGI is the part of the Web server that can communicate with other programs running on
the server.
• A CGI program is any program designed to accept and return data that conforms to the
CGI specification. The program can only be written in PHP.
• A CGI program is any program designed to accept and return data that conforms to the
CGI specification. The program could be written in any programming language C, Perl,
Java etc.
117. What will be the output of the following code?
<?php
$x = 10;
if ($x == 10):
?>
<p>Hi!</p>
<?php else:?>
<p>Bye!</p>
<?php endif; ?>
Answers:
• Hi!
• Bye!
• The code will throw an error, as there is no curly brace after the if statement, and it has a
misplaced colon(:).
• The code will throw an error, as there is no curly brace after the else statement, and it has
a misplaced colon(:).
118. What is the output of the following code?
<?php
echo «<pre>»;
$array1 = array(
«1»=>»a»,
«2»=>»b»,
«3»=>»c»
);
$array = array_flip($array1);
print_r($array);
echo «</pre>»;
?>
Answers:
• Array
(
[1] => a
[2] => b
[3] => c
)
• Array
(
[a] => 1
[b] => 2
[c] => 3
)
• Array
(
[0] => c
[1] => b
[2] => a
)
• Array
(
[0] => 1
[1] => 2
[2] => 3
)
119. Given a statement
«While sending a long string in PHP mail() a special character (!) is
automatically inserted»
Which one of the following is true with respect to above statement?
Answers:
• There is a limit to the number of characters in a line of an email.
• The statement given is false and this never happens.
• This in a well known problem of PHP’s mail() function and can not be solved.
• None of the above.
120. What will be the output of the following code?
<?php
$numbers=array();
$numbers[1] = 1;
$numbers[2] = 2;
$numbers[3] = 3;
$numbers[4] = 4;
$key= array_search(3,$numbers);
unset($numbers[$key]);
print_r($numbers);
?>
Answers:
• Array ( [1] => 1 [2] => 2 [3] => 4 )
• Array ( [1] => 1 [2] => 2 [4] => 4 )
• Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 4 )
• Array ( [0] => 1 [2] => 2 [3] => 4 )
121. Which of the following options may be a reason for the error —
«Call to undefined function curl_init()»?
Answers:
• cURL is not enabled.
• curl_init() is not a valid API.
• cURL only works on Linux.
• All of these.
122. What is the use of memory_get_peak_usage()?
Answers:
• Returns the available memory on RAM
• Returns the peak of memory allocated by PHP
• Returns the peak of memory allocated by OS
• No such function exist
123. What is true about ini_set(‘memory_limit’,’-1′)?
Answers:
• The script will have no memory limit.
• The script will have 1 MB memory
• The script will have 1 KB memory
• parse error
124. What is the correct way to read the result of a variable dump into a
string?
Answers:
• $string = explode($variable);
• $string = print_r($variable);
• $string = serialize($variable);
• $string = var_dump($variable);
125. Which of the following is a possible way to prevent Session
Hijacking?
Answers:
• Use enough random input for generating the session ID
• Use HTTPS to protect the session ID during transmission
• Set the cookie with the HttpOnly and Secure attributes to forbid access via JavaScript
• Regenerating the session ID after successful login
126. What is the use of the CDATA section in XML?
Answers:
• CDATA is used to store the content of an XML node.
• CDATA is used to skip invalid characters.
• XML does not have any CDATA section.
• CDATA is used when PHP is used to update the content of an XML file.
127. Which of the following is not a valid PHP debugger?
Answers:
• PHPTracer
• Zend Debugger
• APD
• Xdebug
128. Why simple mail() function should not be used to send bulk mails in
PHP?
Answers:
• There is a limit to number of mails can be send using mail() function.
• mail() function can not be used in a loop.
• mail() function opens and closes an SMTP socket for each email, which is not very
efficient.
• There is no problem in using mail() function to send bulk mails.
129. Given the following code:-
Class Registry {
private $vars = array();
public function __set($key, $val) {
$this->vars($key) = $val;
}
public function __get($key) {
return $this->vars($key);
}
}
$registry = new Registry;
$registry->foo = “foo”;
echo $registry->foo;
What will be the output of the following code?
Answers:
• fatal error : undefined property foo
• foo
• nothing
• can not access the property foo outside the class Registry
130. Which method is used to sort multidimensional arrays in PHP?
Answers:
• krsort
• rsort
• array_multisort
• usort
131. Suppose after successful login following values are stored in session
as per the given code:-
session_start();
$_SESSION[‘logged’] = 1;
$_SESSION[‘id’] = $id;
$_SESSION[‘name’] = $contact_name;
$_SESSION[’email’] = $email;
Now how will you remove the email value from the session?
Answers:
• unset($_SESSION)
• unset($_SESSION[’email’])
• session_destory($_SESSION)
• All of the above.
132. Some databases support the LIMIT clause. It is a method to ensure
that:
Answers:
• Only certain rows are deleted in DELETE queries.
• Only a defined subset of rows are read in SELECT queries.
• Only certain users can access the database.
133. Which of the following is false with respect to Bridge pattern in
PHP?
Answers:
• Bridge is designed up-front to let the abstraction and the implementation vary
independently.
• Decouple an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can vary independently.
• Publish interface in an inheritance hierarchy, and bury implementation in its own
inheritance hierarchy.
• Use bridge when you do not want to share an implementation among multiple objects.
134. You can extend the exception base class, but you can not override
any of the preceding methods because they are declared as:
Answers:
• protected
• final
• static
• private
135. Which one of the following is not a valid argument to
error_reporting?
Answers:
• E_STRICT
• E_ALL
• E_STRICT
• E_PARSE_ERROR
136. Suppose $var=1;
Which of the following will produce a Boolean value of true?
Answers:
• var_dump(isset($var))
• var_dump(is_null($var))
• var_dump(empty($var))
• var_dump(defined($var))
137. What will be the output of the following code?
<?php
class FormBuilder
{
private $elements = array();
public function label($text) {
$this->elements[] = «<label>$text</label>»;
return $this;
}
public function input($type, $name, $value = ») {
$this->elements[] = «<input type=\»$type\» name=\»$name\» value=\»$value\» />»;
return $this;
}
public function textarea($name, $value = ») {
$this->elements[] = «<textarea name=\»$name\»>$value</textarea>»;
return $this;
}
public function __toString() {
return join(«\n», $this->elements);
}
}
$b = new FormBuilder();
echo $b->label(‘Name’)->input(‘text’, ‘name’)->textarea(‘message’, ‘My message’);
Answers:
• <label>Name</label>
• <label>Name</label>
<input type=»text» name=»name»/>
<textarea name=»message»>My message</textarea>
• <label>Name</label>
<input type=»text» name=»name» value=»» />
<textarea name=»message»>My message</textarea>
• Fatar error on the last line since calling of class methods can not be nested.
138. How to get information from a form that is submitted using the
“get” method?
Answers:
• Request.Form;
• $_GET();
• Request.Get;
• $_GET[];
139. Which of the following is the correct way to create an array in PHP?
Answers:
• $animals = array (Cat, Dog, Horse);
• $animals = array (“Cat”, “Dog”, “Horse”);
• $animals = array [Cat, Dog, Horse];
• $animals = “Cat”, “Dog”, “Horse”;
140. Which of the following magic constant of PHP returns function
name?
Answers:
• __LINE__
• __FILE__
• __FUNCTION__
• __CLASS__
141. By which delimiters are PHP scripts enclosed?
Answers:
• <script…/script>
• <?php>…</?>
• <?php…?>
• <&>…</&>
142. What of the listed below are correct magic methods?
Answers:
• __construct(), __destruct(), __put(), __post()
• __construct(), __destruct(), __get(), __set()
• __init(), __final(), __get(), __set()
• __init(), __final(), __put(), __post()
143. How do you create a connection to MySQL database in PHP?
Answers:
• mysqliconnect()
• mysqli-connect()
• mysqli_connect()
• sql_connect()
144. Which of the following is used to execute a prepared statement in
PHP-MySQL?
Answers:
• mysqli_stmt_execute()
• mysqli_execute_stmt()
• mysqli_query()
• mysqli_stmt_bind_param()
145. What is the output of the following code?
$a = “b”;
$b = 22;
echo $$a + 40
Answers:
• 22
• 40
• 62
•0
146. How to get client IP address in a PHP script?
Answers:
• $_DOMAIN[‘REMOTE_ADDR’]
• $_SERVER[‘REMOTE_ADDR’]
• $_SERVER[‘REMOTE_IP_ADRESS’]
• $_ENV
147. What is the output of the following code?
try {
$a = 10/0;
echo $a;
} catch (Exception $e) {
echo ‘You cannot divide by ZERO!!’ ;
}
Answers:
• You cannot divide by ZERO!!
• 10
• Warning: Division by zero
•0
148. What is the output of the following code run using PHP 5.6.0 or
higher?
const ONE = 1;
class foo {
const TWO = ONE * 2;
const THREE = ONE + self::TWO;
const SENTENCE = ‘The value of THREE is ’.self::THREE;
}
echo foo::SENTENCE . “\n”;
Answers:
• The value of THREE is 1
• The value of THREE is 12
• The value of THREE is 3
• The value of THREE is 13
149. Which of these are not a valid data type?
Answers:
• String
• Bool
• Char
• Integer
• UInt
150. Pick the correct PHP function to rewind the internal array pointer
Answers:
• last()
• before()
• prev()
• previous()
151. Which of the following is the correct keyword in SQL?
Answers:
• SELECT
• Select
• select
• SeLeCt
• All of the above
152. Which function is used to read a file removing the HTML and PHP
tags in it?
Answers:
• fgetss()
• fgets()
• fopen()
• file_strip_tags()
153. Which of the following is the correct way to open the file
«sample.txt» as read only?
Answers:
• open(«sample.txt»);
• open(«sample.txt», «read»);
• fopen(«sample.txt», «r+»);
• fopen(«sample.txt», «r»);
154. Which of the following will return true keeping in view the following
code?
function validateDate($date, $format = ‘Y-m-d H:i:s’)
{
$d = DateTime::createFromFormat($format, $date);
return $d && $d->format($format) == $date;
}
Answers:
• validateDate(‘2012-02-30 12:12:12’)
• validateDate(’30/02/2012′, ‘d/m/Y’)
• validateDate(’14:77′, ‘H:i’)
• validateDate(‘2012-02-28 12:12:12’)
155. Which function can be used to determine if a file exists?
Note: There may be more than one right answer.
Answers:
• is_readable()
• file_exists()
• feof()
• is_file_exists()
156. What is the output of the following code?
class foo {
public $bar = <<<‘EOT’
bar
line1
line2
EOT;
public function printbar(){
echo $this->bar;
}
}
$myobj = new foo;
$myobj->printbar();
Answers:
• bar
• bar
line1
line2
• bar line1 line2
• Error
157. Which function is used to delete a file from the server using PHP?
Answers:
• unlink()
• unset()
• delete()
• remove_file()
158. What is the output of the following code?
session_start();
$_SESSION[‘logged_in’] = true;
$_SESSION[‘name’] = ‘Jane’;
$_SESSION[‘level’] = 4;
echo session_encode();
Answers:
• logged_in|b:1;name|s:4:»Jane»;level|i:4;
• Array ( [logged_in] => 1 [name] => Jane [level] => 4
• {«logged_in»:true,»name»:»Jane»,»level»:4}
• You cannot encode session variables.
159. Which of the following PHP predefined constant is not related to
Fatal errors?
Answers:
• E_PARSE
• E_CORE_ERROR
• E_ERROR
• E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR
160. What the operator «instanceof» is used for?
Answers:
• to determine how many instances a PHP variable has
• to determine whether a PHP variable is an instantiated object of a certain class
• to make a copy of a PHP variable
• none of all listed above
161. Mysqli::autocommit does not work with which of the following table
types?
Answers:
• InnoDB
• BDB
• NDB Cluster
• MyISAM
162. How do you throw an exception in PHP?
Answers:
• throw new Exception(message);
• throw Exception(message);
• throws new Exception(message);
• None of these
163. What is the correct way to add 1 to the $a variable?
Note: There may be more than one right answer.
Answers:
• $a=+1
• $a++
• ++$a
• a++
164. What is the output of the following code?
$sentence = «ThiS iS a SenTEnCe»;
echo ucwords($sentence);
Answers:
• This Is A Sentence
• THIS IS A SENTENCE
• this is a sentence
• ThiS IS A SenTEnCe
165. Which of the following is true when mail() function returns true?
Answers:
• The email is reached to the client’s mail server.
• The local mail server (or the SMTP configured in php.ini) accepted the outgoing email for
delivery.
• The local mail server (or the SMTP configured in php.ini) has sent the email.
• None of the above.
166. If you do not want to serialize any of the properties of an object,
which PHP function is used to accomplish this task?
Answers:
• unserialize()
• __wakeup
• __sleep
167. What is the problem with the following code?
<?php
$size =$_POST[‘size’];
$query = «SELECT id, name, inserted, size FROM products WHERE size =
‘$size'»;
$result = pg_query($conn, $query);
?>
Answers:
• SQL query syntax is not correct as a result database error will be thrown
• Variable $size is not validated and escaped therefore SQL Injection can be executed
• «pg_query» is not a PHP operator
• $_POST is not correct a Superglobal variable
168. Which of the following statements invoke the exception class?
Answers:
• throws new Exception();
• throw new Exception();
• new Exception();
• new throws Exception();
169. Which directive determines how the session information will be
stored?
Answers:
• save_data
• session_save
• session.save_data
• session.save_handler
170. Which Content Type header need to be set to send an HTML mail
in PHP?
Answers:
• ‘Content-type: html; charset=iso-8859-1’ . «\r\n»;
• ‘MIME-Version: 1.0’ . «\r\n» — пока это
• ‘Content-type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1’ . «\r\n»
• ‘Content-type: application/html; charset=iso-8859-1’ . «\r\n»
171. What does the following statement do with respect to the errors that
will get displayed?
error_reporting(E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE);
Answers:
• Report all errors
• Report only NOTICE messages
• Report all errors other than NOTICE messages
172. What will be the output of executing the following code?
<?php
class Foo {
private function printName($name) {
print_r($name);
}
}
$a = new Foo();
$a->printName(‘James’);
?>
Answers:
• James
• Fatal error: Call to private method Foo::printName() from context …
• Notice: Undefined variable: a
• Fatal error: Call to undefined method Foo::printName()
173. Which of the following has Object Oriented and Procedural support
as well as supports prepared statements?
Answers:
• PDO
• MYSQLi
• MYSQL
174. Which of the following is used to pick one or more random entries
out of an array?
Answers:
• array_random()
• array_rand()
• shuffle()
• rand()
175. Which of the following function is used to read the content of a file?
Answers:
• fopen()
• fread()
• filesize()
• file_exists()
176. Which function is used to get the number of arguments passed to
the function?
Answers:
• func_num_args()
• $_GET
• func_get_args_num()
• func_get_arg()
177. Which of the following is not a valid keyword with respect to
exception handling in PHP?
Answers:
• try
• catch
• throw
• throws
178. What is the output of the following code?
$foo = 10;
$bar = ’10’;
if ($foo === $bar){
echo ‘I ran’;
}
Answers:
• I ran
• Nothing is output
• TRUE
• Error
179. What piece of code would you use to obtain an array of response
headers for a given URL, indexed by their respective names?
Answers:
• get_headers($url);
• get_header($url);
• get_headers($url,1);
180. Which of the following is true with respect to Flyweight design
pattern in PHP?
Answers:
• All the methods of the class should be private.
• This pattern is used when you need only a small number of instances of same type.
• Using this pattern consumes a lot of memory.
• Instances of a class which are identical are shared in an implementation instead of
creating a new instance of that class for every instance.
181. What is true about get_defined_vars() function?
Answers:
• It returns the array of all the defined variables.
• It returns the array of all the defined variables of a function.
• It returns all the $_POST variables only.
• It returns all the $_GET variables only
182. How many elements are in the array created by the following line of
code:
$array = array (true => ‘5’, 1 => ‘6’);
Answers:
•1
•2
•3
•4
183. Which function can convert a comma separated string into an array
using a single call?
Answers:
• strtoarray
• explode
• extract
• substr
184. Which is the correct way to profile a PHP function (without relying
on 3rd party libraries and/or PHP extensions)?
Answers:
• $start = microtime();
functionToProfile();
$end = microtime();
$duration = $end — start;
• $start = time();
functionToProfile();
$end = time();
$duration = $end — start;
• $start = microtime(true);
functionToProfile();
$end = microtime(true);
$duration = $end — start;
• $start = date(‘U’);
functionToProfile();
$end = date(‘U’);
$duration = $end — start;
185. Which of the following are valid in PHP?
Note: There may be more than one right answer.
Answers:
• $_23
• ${«foobar»}
• &$foo
• $23_foobar
• $foobar
186. What will be the output of the following code?
$time = strtotime (‘2016-01-01’);
echo date (‘d-m-y H:i:s:u’, $time);
Answers:
• 16-01-01 00:00:00:00
• 01-01-16 00:00:00:000000
• 01-01-2016 00:00:00:000000
• 01-01-16 00:00:00:00
187. Which of the following is not related with respect to calculating the
size of a file?
Answers:
• filesize()
• cURL
• file_exists()
• stat()
188. After the following query is executed using PHP, which function can
be used to count the number of rows returned?
SELECT * from students
Note: There may be more than one right answer.
Answers:
• mysqli_affected_rows()
• mysqli_num_rows()
• mysqli_use_result()
• mysqli_fetch_lengths()
189. Which of the following is not correct with respect to Authentication
using CURL?
Answers:
• CURL can be used to authenticate a user.
• CURL can be used to send form data using both GET and POST methods.
• CURL can not be used to authenticate a user as it can only be used to access and read
webpage data.
• CURL can be used for HTTP Basic Authentication.
190. Which of the following method of Exception class returns source
filename ?
Answers:
• getMessage()
• getCode()
• getFile()
• getLine()