Lesson Guide in Earth Science

I. OBJECTIVES

A. Content Standards The Internal Structure of the Earth

B. Performance Make a 3D model of the layers of the Earth.

Standards

At the end of the session, students are expected to:

1. Identify the layers of the earth (Crust, mantle, core). S11ES-IID-32

C. Learning
Competencies/ 1.1 . Identify the different layers of the Earth
Objectives 1.2 . Compare and contrast the Earth’s crust, mantle, and core
including temperature, density, and composition.
1.3 . Appreciate the importance of these layers in sustaining life on
Earth

II. CONTENT LAYERS OF THE EARTH

III. LEARNING RESOURCES

A. References www.google.com
1. Teacher’s Guide
pages
2. Learner’s Manual
pages
3. Textbook pages Earth Science (Rex, s.2016), pp. 109 - 115
4. Additional
Materials from Power point presentation.
Learning Resource
(LR) portal
B. Other Learning https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rQx2wLyagk4
Resources Journey to the center of the Earth

IV. PROCEDURES
A. Reviewing previous
Review on the contributions of personalities/people on the understanding
lesson or presenting
of the Earth system.
new lesson
(REVIEW)
Let the students relate the previous lecture on the layers of the Earth.

Watch the movie trailer about “The Journey to the Center of the Earth. “
B. Establishing a purpose
of the lesson Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rQx2wLyagk4
(MOTIVATION)

Guide Question:

1
 1. Identify characteristics that you think are true and those you
think are not true. Be prepared to share.
.

Activity:1
The students will divide into 5 groups. Each group will chooose two
materials specialists. Those people will need to prepare the following:

 A plastic baggie which contains graham

crackers and sugar.
 A container of raspberry Jell-O
 A container of black cherry Jell-O
 A container of lemon Jell-O
 A spoon
 A bowl

Procedures:
1) First, students will need the plastic baggie containing graham crackers
and sugar. Break the graham crackers with the sugar in the bag.
C. Presenting
Note:
examples/instances of
DO NOT POUND TOO HARD!
the new lesson
2) After the graham crackers are broken up into crumbs, mix the butter in
(PRE-ACTIVITY)
the baggie.
3) Now, take the graham crackers out and press the mixture on the sides
of the bowl to form the crust.
4) Now take the black cherry Jell-O and spoon it into the bowl that you
have put the crust in. Form it so there is a pocket in the middle left open.
5) Take the lemon Jell-O and put it in the bowl where you left the pocket,
but make sure you leave a hole in the middle for your raspberry Jell-O.
6) Finally, put the raspberry Jell-O in the center.

Guide Questions:
1. What have you observed?
2. Describe each layer.

Note: Teacher may use an Apple or Avocado fruit to illustrate the layers
of the Earth.

Present the subject on Layers of the Earth based on the following

categories:
1. Composition
D. Discussing new 2. Tempearture
concepts and 3. Thickness
practicing new skills 1
(ACTIVITY PROPER) Divide the class into three (3) groups. Students will complete the table
below on the Layers of the Earth.

2
Attribute Crust Mantle Outer Inner Core
s Core
Compositi Rocky, Semisolid, Made of Solid ball of
on sediments. It molten iron and iron and
contains rock. It nickel, nickel. It
more silica flows very liquid (be should be
than the slowly, sure to liquid, but
mantle. like hot stress that because of
asphalt. the outer the great
This layer core is not pressure it
is made of made of is solid.
oxygen, water).
silicon,
aluminum,
and
magnesiu
m. 870-
3700
degrees
F.
Temperat The 870-3700 3700- 4300-7200
ure temperature degrees 4300 degrees F.
of the crust F. degrees
of the Earth F.
is the same
temperature
as the air.
So, it might
be as hot as
35 °C in the
desert and
below
freezing in
Antarctica. If
you dig
down, the
temperature
goes up.
Thickness The crust is 2900 km 200 km 1250 km
very thin, just thick. thick. thick.
5-70 km.
Summary: As you dig down the temperature and pressure
increases from the Crust to the Inner Core. The thicker layer is the
Mantle; the differences in density in the mantle cause it to flow
slowly forming convection currents. The upper Mantle is cooler
than the lower Mantle. The Outer Core is the only liquid layer of the
Earth.

3
E. Discussing new Analysis of Theories, Concepts and Principles
concepts and 1. What causes the thickness of the crust to vary?
practicing new skills 2 2. What is the primary composition of each layer?
(DEEPENING) 3. How do each Earth's layers compare to each other?
___________________________________________________

Group Activity: Earth’s Layers Model

Materials: Modelling Clay, String

Procedure: Make a model using the picture below as a reference. Pay

special attention to the color and thickness of the layers. Add one layer at
a time and keep the model in a ball shape as you add each layer.
Once you are completely finished, use the fishing line to cut the ball open
to expose the layers.

F. Developing mastery
(POST-ACTIVITY)

Please see attached Rubric.

G. Finding practical The student will answer the following questions;
applications of
concepts and skills in 1. What are the importance of earth’s layers in sustaining life?
daily living
(APPLICATION)

H. Making generalizations Based on the objectives stated previously, ask the following questions:
and abstractions about 1) What are the layers of the Earth?
the lesson 2) Differentiate the layers of the earth based on thickness, temperature
(GENERALIZATION) and composition.
3) Give the importance of the layers of the earth in sustaining life?

I. Essay Question: Answer the following questions briefly.

I. Evaluating learning
1. Which layer of the Earth has the greatest temperature, pressure,
(ASSESSMENT)
and density?
2. How each layer different from the other?

4
 Rubrics:

(5 points) Exceptional – student responses far exceed what is expected

(4 points) Excellent – information is factually accurate and offers extra
supporting facts.
(3 points) Good – The student somewhat responds beyond the basic
level of the question to provide supporting details and or interpretation.
(2 points) Fair – student responses, although somewhat correct, are
lacking in relevant details and supporting examples and or interpretation.
(1 point) Not Mastered - student responses are largely incorrect

II. Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which layer of the Earth do we live on?

a. Inner Core b. Mantle c. Lithosphere d. Outer Core

2. Which layer is the hottest and is the innermost layer of Earth?

a. Inner Core b. Mantle c. Lithosphere d. Interior Core

3. Which layer is the thickest and right below the Lithosphere?

a. Inner Core b. Mantle c. Lithosphere d. Outer Core

4. Which layer surrounds the inner core and is made up of liquid Nickel
and Iron?

a. Exterior Core b. Mantle c. Lithosphere d. Outer Core

J. Additional activities for Ask the students to make their own Model of the layers of the earth
application or using indigenous materials..
remediation
(REMEDIAL) Please see attached rubric.