Group VII (AS)

Physical Properties Chemical Properties

Halogens = Salt Makers

 State (RTP) Electronic configuration: Displacement reactions F2  Oxidising ability of

F2  Atomic radii  Colour halogens
Cl2(g) + KBr(aq) 
 Ionic radii 17
Cl : Cl2 Explanation:
F2 ( ) =
Cl2  Vdws’ Redox ..............................................
 m.p & b.p Cl2 ( )
35
Br : OIL:............................................ ..............................................
= Br2
Br2  Electronegativity RIG:............................................ ..............................................
 I.E. Br2 ( ) = 53
I : OXIDANT:................................... ..............................................
I2
I2  Electron affinity REDUCTANT:................................ ..............................................
I2 ( s ) =
 Bond length 2 5
..............................................
Δ
 Bond strength KCl KBr KI ..............................................
 Bond enthalpies  Manufacture of Bromine Chlorine
I2 ( g ) =  Uses of chlorine
..............................................
 Solubility Bromine
I2 ( aq) = Read textbook page ______________
Iodine 7
 Reactivity 4 3 and make notes in point form. 13
6

Definition Halogen + Hydrogen Halide salts + Conc. H2SO4 : NaCl + H2SO4 ...............................
 Electronegativity:........................................................... X2(g) + H2(g)  2HX(g) Depends on how easily the halide
...................................................................................... Polar bonds ions is oxidised (reducing ability)
 1stI.E:.............................................................................. H F*  Reactivity NaBr + H2SO4 ...............................
....................................................................................... H Cl  Thermal F-  Reducing ability of
 1st Electron affinity:....................................................... H Br stability halide ions ...........................................................
....................................................................................... H I  Acidic Cl- Explanation:
 Bond enthalpy:............................................................. strength .............................................
..................................................................................... * = Hydrogen bond  b.p.* Br- .............................................NaI + H2SO4 .................................
1 9 .............................................
I- ........................................................................................................
Test for Halide ions with AgNO3(aq) : .............................................
Disproportionation reactions Ion Ppt Formula dil. conc. ...........................................................
NH3(aq) NH3(aq)
.............................................
(species is simultaneously oxidised and reduced)
Cl2 + H2O  Cl- ........................................................................................................
0 .............................................
Br- 8 11

Cl2 + NaOH  ........

0 I-
12 10
Syasana Faye Abdullah KYUEM 2011
This mind map focuses on:

(i) physical properties and

(ii) chemical reactions.

For (iii) uses of Group VII elements, students are encouraged to do their own research.

Suggestion on how to use this mind map

 The order of use is indicated by the NUMBERED CIRCLES (make it easier for students to follow). This can be changed to suit your style of teaching.
 Use arrows to indicate increase or decrease in trends (all trends are down the group as indicated by the huge black arrow next to the elements or ions).
e.g. Atomic radius

Reactivity
 Everything in RED relates to chemical properties.

Suggested activities that can be used with this mind map

 Show the states and discuss the colours of chlorine, bromine and iodine.
Opportunity to discuss uses
 Demonstrate sublimation and recrystallisation of iodine.
 Demonstrate displacement reaction.
 Demonstrate test for halide ions.
 Discuss thermal stability of hydrogen halides using suitable data (the ones below might be useful).
 BOILING POINTS OF HYDRIDES
100 H2O

The higher than expected boiling

points of NH3, H2O and HF are due to
intermolecular HYDROGEN BONDING

BOILING POINT / C°
HF

0 Mr
50 100 140

NH3

GROUP IV
GROUP V
GROUP VI
GROUP VII
Source: www.Chemguide.co.uk -160

Source: Unknown (with sincere apology!)

Just an observation: Students appreciate Large A3 size coloured printout of this mind map!