PROPOSAL HEARING FORMAT

2018
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

INTRODUCTION

Rationale
Scope and Delimitation
Theoretical Background/ Literature Review

THE PROBLEM

Statement of the Problem

Statement of Assumptions
Statement of Hypothesis
Significance of the Study

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Environment
Respondents
Instruments
Procedures

Gathering of Data
Treatment of Data

DEFINITION OF TERMS

ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDICES

A
B
C
D

CURRICULUM VITAE
 INTRODUCTION

Rationale of the Study

• gives an overview of the chosen study/ topic

• presents a situation
• explains the reason for choosing the research topic
• creates the need for the study

Scope and Delimitation

• Scope and delimitation are two elements of a research paper.

Scope
• The scope identifies what topic the researcher intends to cover. The
scope names the information or subject matter that the individual plans
to evaluate. For instance, a person might choose to study the impact of
deforestation on species loss in the Amazon. However, it is not
possible for the researcher to cover every aspect of the chosen
subject. In this case, the scope might be narrowed down to a select
group of species or an evaluation of population decline over a certain
period of time. Delimitations define what factors the researcher
consciously controls for and why they have been eliminated from the
study.
The Role of Delimitations
• Delimitations are parameters that the researcher makes to narrow his
or her scope of research. Delimitations are a conscious choice to
control for certain factors in the study. Since the study cannot address
all relevant elements, delimitations narrow the scope and purpose to
focus on certain aspects. Common delimitations are population or
sample size, the setting in which the study takes place, and the design
or setup of the study, along with an explanation for its structure. An
individual might also choose to use some research tools and
methodologies to collect data but not others. The researcher might
impose delimitations for practical reasons, such as lack of time or
financial resources to carry out a more thorough investigation. For
each delimiting factor, the researcher discusses why he or she made
those exclusions and explains how they might affect the outcome of
the research. Delimitations should be stated clearly so that the
audience understands why certain elements were excluded from the
study.
The Theoretical and the Conceptual Frameworks

• both provide explicit explanations why the problems under study exist
by showing how the variables involved in the problem are related to
each other;
• theoretical framework makes use of a theory or theories in explaining
why a certain phenomenon, the subject of the study, occurred. A
researcher may adapt existing theories on which to anchor or link his
particular study.
• In cases where no applicable theory exists, the researcher is
compelled to formulate one. This task is facilitated by reviewing related
literature and studies.
• While the theoretical framework makes use of abstract concepts, the
conceptual framework utilizes specific or well-defined ones which are
called constructs.

Literature Review

• A literature review is an evaluative report of information found in the

literature related to your selected area of study. The review should
describe, summarize, evaluate and clarify this literature. It should give
a theoretical base for the research and help you (the author) determine
the nature of your research. Works which are irrelevant should be
discarded and those which are peripheral should be looked at critically.

• A literature review is more than the search for information, and goes
beyond being a descriptive annotated bibliography. All works included
in the review must be read, evaluated and analysed. Relationships
between the literature must also be identified and articulated, in
relation to your field of research.

"In writing the literature review, the purpose is to convey to the reader
what knowledge and ideas have been established on a topic, and what
their strengths and weaknesses are. The literature review must be
defined by a guiding concept (e.g. your research objective, the problem
or issue you are discussing, or your argumentative thesis). It is not just
a descriptive list of the material available, or a set of summaries".
 THE PROBLEM

Statement of the Problem

• contains the main problem or general objective

• states the sub-problems or specific objectives

Statement of Assumptions

• optional
• states propositions which the researcher asserts based on his/ her own
intuition, experience and observations

Statement of Hypotheses

• optional
• states the null hypotheses that require statistical testing

Significance of the Study

• mentions who are to benefit from the study and how each may be
benefited
• discusses the value of the study to individuals, groups, institutions and
to the discipline

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This introductory paragraph specifies and justifies the type of research

used. The research process or flow of research may be presented here in a
schematic diagram.

Environment

• describes the locale/ venue of the research

• includes a map, if necessary

Respondents or Subjects, where appropriate

 • explains the sampling procedure used
• specifies the number of respondents involved which may be presented
in a table
• describes the type and characteristics of the respondents

Instruments and Other Sources of Data where appropriate

• mentions the research instrument(s) tools for gathering data

• describes the content and preparation of each instrument

Procedures (may be deleted depending upon the need of the study)

Gathering of Data. This section describes the details of data gathering

employing the research tools described earlier.

Treatment of Data. This part explains the statistical procedures used.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Another important section of the research report is that in which important

or key terms are clearly defined. This section facilitates understanding of the
problem investigated for here the key concepts are defined according to how
they are used.

Types
There are two major types of definitions:
1. Conceptual definition – is universal in that it is the meaning understood
by people. It is abstract and most general in nature. The usual source
of this type of definition is the dictionary, which is the reference book of
everyday language.

2. Operational definition – is the meaning of the concept or term as used

in a particular study. It is concrete in that it is subject to measurement.

• The researcher has the option to use both types or just the operational
type.
• The usual practice when using both types of definition is to state first
the conceptual followed by the operational, although the researcher
may decide to use only the latter type.
 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY

• presents the number of chapters and the content of each chapter.