Ingles III Semestre Silabo - Honestidad

POLICÍA NACIONAL DEL PERÚ
ESCUELA DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR TÉCNICO

PROFESIONAL - PNP – CHARCANI - AREQUIPA
SILABO DESARROLLADO
INGLÉS
III SEMESTRE DE FORMACIÓN GENERAL
DE LOS ESTUDIANTES PNP
XIX PROMOCIÓN 2017-I-2019
AREQUIPA – PERÚ
2018
1
PRÓLOGO
Las teorías que establecen la proficiencia cognoscitiva y académica del idioma y las que afirman
que el aprender un segundo idioma requiere de la modificación de los parámetros del primer
idioma, junto a las teorías que reconocen la influencia del ambiente y enfatizan la importancia
del contexto para promulgar el aprendizaje y entendimiento del idioma, son las que han hecho
posible la transformación de los los marcos conceptuales para la enseñanza del inglés como
segundo idioma.
Las teorías socio-pedagógicas reconocen que el aula escolar es el ambiente social más
relevante para el estudiante. La interacción social que surge en el ambiente académico natural
del aula es esencial para
que los estudiantes intercambien conocimientos e interactúen en su idioma. Es en el aula
escolar donde los estudiantes pasan la mayor parte de su tiempo haciendo lo que se espera de
ellos: "aprender".
El aprendizaje significativo de los estudiantes depende en gran parte del conocimiento previo.
El esquema mental previo es la base para el procesamiento y el entendimiento (Rummelhart,
1980) del nuevo conocimiento. Durante el proceso de aprendizaje de conceptos de
una materia dada el estudiante utiliza los esquemas desarrollados en aprendizajes anteriores
para construir nuevos esquemas mentales o ampliar los ya existentes. Esto podría considerarse
cierto tanto en el aprendizaje del contenido de las materias como en el aprendizaje del idioma.
En el caso de un estudiante que ingresa en el nivel preescolar, el conocimiento previo depende
de las bases sentadas en el hogar. Respecto a los estudiantes en otros niveles escolares el
conocimiento previo representa sus experiencias adquiridas a través de las actividades
educativas que incluyen contenido, destrezas de las materias, de pensamiento y del idioma.
El estudiante que aprende, tanto un idioma como una materia académica, necesita una
representación mental de la relación entre su conocimiento previo y los atributos del
conocimiento que va a adquirir. Durante el proceso de aprendizaje, los estudiantes necesitan
tanto esquemas apropiados del idioma como de las materias académicas. Estos esquemas
representan la base del aprendizaje. El aprendiz de un segundo idioma necesita activar el
"esquema" apropiado para incorporar el nuevo conocimiento. Si asumimos que el estudiante
trae consigo el esquema apropiado corremos el riesgo de encontrar que el esquema del idioma,
del ambiente o de la cultura del estudiante o la falta de éstos interfiera con el entendimiento de
la materia. Asumir que el estudiante tiene un conocimiento básico previo de la materia puede
resultar en otro tipo de interferencia con el aprendizaje. El proceso de interpretación de la
materia, del idioma o de ambos puede ser interrumpido por la falta de esquemas apropiados.
Los procesos de recordar la información necesaria, de organizar las ideas, de interpretar, de
hacer inferencias, de identificar y de aplicar conceptos pueden ser interrumpidos a causa de la
falta de esquemas apropiados.
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Estas teorías con bases cognoscitivas también asumen que el entendimiento de la materia
requiere un dominio básico del idioma.
Cuando el estudiante no posee las destrezas básicas del idioma, la instrucción debe proveer
los estímulos requeridos para el entendimiento a través del contexto. El contexto de enseñanza
debe incluir actividades que incorporen esquemas que provean estímulos académicos,
lingüísticos, culturales y sociales apropiados y que sean adecuados para la edad y el desarrollo
físico y mental del estudiante.
La enseñanza de un segundo idioma require el desarrollo de actividades basadas en
experiencias concretas que activen los esquemas de conocimiento de las materias de estudio
y del idioma para promulgar tanto la adquisición del segundo idioma como el aprendizaje de
conceptos de ciencia . En otras palabras,
este enfoque multidisciplinario requiere la integración sistemática de las actividades para la
enzeñanza del inglés como segundo idioma con actividades concretas.
Arequipa, Agosto 2018
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PRESENTACIÓN
Tal vez la razón fundamental para estudiar inglés es porque es fundamental en nuestro
desempeño académico y laboral. Nuestras oportunidades laborales se multiplicarán en cuanto
dominemos el idioma. Tanto en áreas gubernamentales como en empresas multinacionales, en
este caso específicamente en el desempeño de la labor policial además de otros campos de
trabajo, el inglés te aportará siempre ventajas comunicativas en diversas situaciones. Asimismo
conocer un idioma permite incrementar nuestro bagaje cultural, ampliar nuevos horizontes y
acceder a otras fuentes de información.
El curso de Inglés en este II semestre está destinado a desarrollar y consolidar el dominio del
Inglés Básico en sus cuatro habilidades listening, speaking, writing y reading tanto en
estructura y funcionamiento. La asignatura de Inglés es de naturaleza teórico-práctico, permite
que el estudiante pueda comunicarse desde un principio. El curso tiene como objetivo general
comprender y producir mensajes orales y escritos a un nivel básico de Inglés
En el silabo desarrollado de Inglés, se consideran los diversos contenidos teórico – prácticos

con la finalidad de desarrollar las capacidades y desempeños de los estudiantes de la EESTP-
PNP/Arequipa en aprendizajes significativos y aplicables a su trabajo policial, llevando a la
práctica sus destrezas imaginativas y creadoras, con valores morales de libertad, tolerancia,
respeto y justicia para lograr cumplir las misión policial establecida.
Una de estas exigencias es que los ciudadanos debemos ser competentes en el idioma Inglés
pues el conocimiento de este idioma permite mejorar la calidad de vida. Podemos afirmar que
se trata de la lengua del mundo actual, una gran lengua internacional. Comunicarse en Inglés
hoy es una necesidad más, quien no domina esta lengua está en clara desventaja. El idioma
Inglés se ha convertido en el idioma global de comunicación por excelencia, uno de los de mayor
uso en el mundo es por eso que los estudiantes de la EESTP- PNP deben asumir una actitud
favorable para su aprendizaje.
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ESCUELA DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR TÉCNICO PROFESIONAL - PNP
CHARCANI - AREQUIPA
SÍLABO
I. INFORMACION GENERAL:
o CARRERA PROFESIONAL : Cs. ADMINISTRATIVAS Y

POLICIALES
o SEMESTRE ACADEMICO : 2018 - III
o MODULO : FORMACION GENERAL
o UNIDAD DIDACTICA : IDIOMA INGLES
o CREDITOS : 02
o PERIODO : III SEMESTRE
o FECHA DE INICIO : 27 AGOSTO 2018
o FECHA DE FINALIZACION : 15 DICIEMBRE 2018
o HORAS SEMESTRALES : 32 HORAS ACADÉMICAS
o HORAS SEMANALES : 02 HORAS ACADÉMICAS
o EQUIPO DOCENTE :
* PROF. ANDREINA CORNEJO PINTO

* MAY. S PNP TANIA ESTHER CARDENAS VILCA
* MG. ADRIANA CARNERO HERRAN
* PROF. ESTHER TERESA DIAZ GALDOS
* ABOG. KATIA REYES LOAIZA.
* PROF. RITA CRUZ RAMOS
* LIC. LORENA LANDEO ROMERO
* ING. SILVIA VERONICA ARAPA ACRUTA
* ING. LUZ MERY PINTO ARANIBAR
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II. COMPETENCIA GENERAL DEL MODULO:
UNIDAD DE COMPETENCIA CAPACIDAD TERMINAL PRODUCTO DE LA

ASOCIADA AL MODULO DE LA UNIDAD UNIDAD DIDACTICA
COMUNICARSE EN FORMA PLANTEA DIVERSAS SITUACIONES

ORAL Y ESCRITA EN FORMAS DE COMUNICATIVAS DE
INGLES EN DIFERENTES COMUNICACIÓN JUEGO DE ROLES EN
SITUACIONES DE LA VIDA VERBAL Y NO VERBAL DIVERSAS
COTIDIANA Y LABORAL. EN INGLES EN EL SITUACIONES
DESARROLLO DEL POLICIALES
SERVICIO POLICIAL.
III. ORGANIZACIÓN DE ACTIVIDADES Y CONTENIDOS BASICOS:
SEMANAS CAPACIDADES INDICADOR DE ACTIVIDADES DE

FECHA LOGRO APRENDIZAJE
1. Obtiene información 1.1 Recupera y
de textos orales. reúne información
16 SEMANAS 2. Escribe diversos tipos de textos orales
de textos breves que escucha.
adecuados a su 2.1 Adecua el texto
experiencia. que escribe en
32 HORAS 3. Se comunica ingles a la situación
oralmente mediante comunicativa.
textos orales sencillos. 3.1 Opina en ingles
4. Lee diversos tipos de de manera oral.
texto en inglés con 4.1 Identifica
estructuras simples. información en
textos escritos.
SEMANA 1:
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30 – 08 – 2018 Usa adecuadamente la Escribe textos I´M GOING TO RELAX
estructura gramatical del usando estructuras BY THE POOL
tiempo futuro, y el del tiempo futuro y -FUTURE WILL/WON´T
vocabulario aprendido. con el vocabulario -BE GOING TO
adecuado. -VOCABULARY: HOTEL
FACITILIES
-THE VERB GET
Usa adecuadamente la SEMANA 2:
06 – 09 – 2018 estructura gramatical del Construye oraciones A VERY BAD TRIP
tiempo pasado continuo, usando was y were -PAST CONTINUOUS
y el vocabulario para describir WAS/WERE
aprendido. acciones pasadas. -VOCABULARY:
TRAVEL PROBLEMS
SEMANA 3:
13 – 09 – 2018 Usa correctamente el Utiliza SHOULD I OR
verbo modal should y adecuadamente SHOULDN´T I?
shouldn´t . should en diferentes -SHOULD/SHOULDN´T
situaciones para -VOCABULARY:
sugerir diversas AGREEING AND
acciones.
DISAGREEING
SEMANA 4:
20 – 09 – 2018 Construye adjetivos Utiliza los adjetivos WHICH MOVIE IS
comparativos. comparativos en BETTER
estructuras -COMPARATIVES THAN
gramaticales -VOCABULARY:
permitiendo ADJECTIVES
diferenciar
caracteristicas
propias.
SEMANA 5:
27 – 09 – 2018 Usa el presente Escribe en presente PRESENT PERFECT
perfecto. perfecto diferentes -VOCABULARY: VERBS
acciones usando PRESENT PARTICIPLE
adecuadamente los TIME EXPRESSIONS
verbos en p. .
participio.
04 – 10 – 2018 Construye adjetivos Utiliza los adjetivos SEMANA 6:

superlativos. superlativos en DO YOU HAVE YOUR
estructuras COMPUTER?
gramaticales -SUPERLATIVES –EST
diferenciando
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caracteristicas VOCABULARY:
propias. COMPUTERS
11 – 10 – 2018 SEMANA 7:
1ST. TEST
18 – 10 – 2018 Usa los verbos modales Elabora estructuras SEMANA 8:

must/ have to/ must not/ donde usa must/ I HAVE TO GET UP
don´t have to. have to/ must not/ EARLY TOMORROW
don´t have to/ para -MUST/ HAVE TO/ MUST
referirse a reglas u NOT/ DON´T HAVE TO/
obligaciones. VOCABULARY: VERBS
ADJECTIVES AND
PREPOSITIONS
25 – 10 – 2018 Usa pronombres Reconoce SEMANA 9:

indefinidos. pronombres HOW GOOD IS YOUR
indefinidos en VOCABULARY?
diversos textos. ANYBODY/
EVERYBODY/ NOBODY/
SOMEBODY/ WHO/
WHICH/ THAT
01 – 11 – 2018 Aprende phrasal verbs. Escribe oraciones SEMANA 10:
usando phrasal I GAVE UP SMOKING
verbs comunes, LAST YEAR
diferenciando su -PHRASALVERBS
significado.
08– 11– 2018 Reconoce el uso de Emplea SEMANA 11:

ing- verbs + adjective adecuadamente la MEMORABLE
y verb + prepositions estructura propuesta MOMENTS
para mencionar -ING FORM
diversas -VERBS, ADJECTIVES
actividades. AND PREPOSITIONS
15 – 11 – 2018 SEMANA 12:

2ND. TEST
22– 11 – 2018 Diferencia el uso de Escribe oraciones, SEMANA 13:
cuantificadores. usando I EARN TOO MUCH
correctamente
much, a Little a lot.
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Usando vocabulario MUCH, A LOT, A
aprendido. LITTLE+
COMPARATIVES-
VOCABULARY:
DESCRIBING JOBS.
29 – 11 – 2018 Aprende el uso y SEMANA 14:

estructura del primer Escribe oraciones, FIRST CONDITIONAL
condicional. usando -VOVABULARY:
correctamente la FRIENDSHIP
estructura del -MORE VERBS AND
primer condicional PREPOSITIONS
con el vocabulario
aprendido.
06 – 12 – 2018 Se comunica oralmente Crea diálogos en SEMANA 15:

según la situación dada. diversas situaciones ORAL TEST,
Escribe diversos tipos de policiales. GERENAL REVIEW.
textos y estructuras. Resuelve diversos
ejercicios con
diversas formas
gramaticales.
SEMANA 16:
13– 12 – 2018 FINAL TEST
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METODOLOGIA:
Esta nueva propuesta se sustenta en los enfoques metodológicos de la enseñanza del idioma
Inglés:
A. Enfoque comunicativo.- Busca desarrollar la competencia comunicativa, la cual

se sustenta en un conjunto de procesos y conocimientos lingüísticos, discursivos,
socioculturales y estratégicos que el hablante-oyente de una lengua pone en juego
para producir o comprender discursos adecuados a la situación y el contexto de
comunicación.
B. Enfoque centrado en la acción.- Adoptado por el Marco Común Europeo de

Referencia para las Lenguas. Considera a los usuarios y estudiantes como
miembros de una sociedad, que deben realizar tareas de manera individual o
grupal, empleando sus competencias específicas para obtener un resultado
concreto en un determinado contexto.
C. Enfoque intercultural.- Adoptado en contextos europeos en un marco curricular

coherente entre lengua y cultura, centrado en el aprendizaje de inglés como
lengua extranjera, con conceptos como actitud intercultural, habilidad de
interpretar, relacionar, descubrir, interactuar, y conciencia crítica cultural.
D. Enfoque neurocientífico.- Se basa en los estudios sobre la forma cómo el

cerebro adquiere lenguaje, y según los cuales se configura como un proceso
automático subconsciente, por lo que adquirir cualquier lengua sigue un proceso
similar al de adquirir la lengua materna. Al respecto, Knowles, en su teoría
“Reconocimiento jerárquico y recurrente – RHR”, sostiene que el cerebro
reconoce patrones para agrupar y procesar los inputs de lenguaje en fragmentos
cada vez mayores, lo que constituye la base para lograr la fluidez oral de una
lengua y las competencias de comunicación. La secuencia de aprendizaje es:
familiarización – reconocimiento – comprensión – práctica – dominio – revisión –
automaticidad.
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V.- MATRIZ DE EVALUACIÓN:
CAPACIDAD PRODUCTO DE INSTRUMENTOS

CAPACIDAD
1. Obtiene información de 1.1 Recupera y reúne

textos orales. información de textos Lista de cotejo
orales que escucha.
Rubrica
2. Escribe diversos tipos 2.1 Adecua el texto que
de textos breves escribe en ingles a la Ficha de observación
adecuados a su situación comunicativa.
experiencia. Ficha de autoevaluación
3. Se comunica oralmente 3.1 Opina en inglés de Ficha de coevaluación

mediante textos orales manera oral.
sencillos. Ficha de heteroevaluación
4. Lee diversos tipos de 4.1 Identifica información

texto en inglés con en textos escritos.
estructuras simples.
VI.- RECURSOS Y MATERIALES DIDACTICOS:
A. EQUIPOS
Retroproyector, computadora, proyector multimedia Tv., radio. Video beam, speakers,
camera.
B. MATERIALES
Proveerá separatas a los educandos, Students Handout para reforzar las técnicas de
enseñanza. Flashlight, real objects.
VII.- BIBLIOGRAFÍA:
LIBROS
 New Interchange. English for International Communication, Ed Cambridge, University
Press, New York,USA, 2005
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 Wrigth – McGillivray. Audrey L. Wrigth. Let´s Learn English. By American Book
Company
 American English Course. The New Streamlined English Series.Literacy International.
New York 2007
 Shoenberg, Irene. “Focus on Grammar A basic Course of reference and Practice”. Ed
Addison Wesley Publishing Company, Inc New York, 1994
DICCIONARIOS
 Simon & Schuster´s Ed. R Steiner, USA, 1999

 Longman. Active Study Dictionary of English Ed Longman Group, Essex.
 Longman. Mini dictionary, Opportunities Beginner. England 2005
12
UNIT 1: I´M GOING TO RELAX BY THE POOL
WORK IN PAIRS TO ROLE- PLAY THE FOLLOWING DIALOGUE
Police officer 1: Did you know that a new group of police officers will arrive this month?
Police officer 2: Yes, I heard something about it. Do you know where are they from?
Police officer 1: Yes, they are coming from Lima.
Police officer 2: Will they work with us?
Police officer 1: Yes, they are going to start their job at the Police Station next week.
Police officer 2: I hope some of them will work with me, I need some help with
documents
Police officer 1:Yes, they are going to work in offices, others with patrols. The boss
will tell us more details tomorrow. Are you going to come tomorrow?
Police officer 2: Oh no! Tomorrow I am not going to come, I asked for permission.
Police officer 1: Don’t worry I will call you to tell you the details.
Police officer 2: Thank you I’ll be waiting for your call.
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“Will” and “Be going to”
Will Be
going to
It is used to make a It is used to make a

prediction, there is no prediction if we have an
evidence. evidence.
Example: Maybe it will rain. Example: Look at
(It´s just a prediction) those black clouds . It's
going to rain.
It is used for unplanned It is used to indicate

actions in future. planned actions.
Example: I will fly to Example: I have got a
Canada. ticket. I´m going to fly to
Canada.
(I don't have a ticket)
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Exercises:
Put in the verbs in brackets into the blanks. Don´t forget to use will.
1. They back by 6:30 pm. (to be)
2. you me? (to help)
3. When I you again? (to see)
4. His parents him for being late. (not/to punish)
5. they the contract tonight? (to sign)
6. It us three hours to get there. (to take)
7. The meeting before tomorrow morning. (not/to close)
8. When she me a copy of her essay? (to send)
9. They a new computer. (to get)
10. I think my mother this CD. (to like)
Put the verbs into the correct form (future I simple). Use will.
Jim asked a fortune teller about his future. Here is what she told him:
1. You (earn) a lot of money.
2. You (travel) around the world.
3. You (meet) lots of interesting people.
4. Everybody (adore) you.
5. You (not / have) any problems.
6. Many people (serve) you.
7. They (anticipate) your wishes.
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8. There (not / be) anything left to wish for.
9. Everything (be) perfect.
10. But all these things (happen / only) if you marry me.
Write the verbs in brackets into the blanks and form sentences.
Use going to.
1. He ___________his friend. (to phone)

2. We __________a new computer game. (to play)
3. My sister _________TV. (to watch)
4. You ___________a picnic next Tuesday. (to have)
5. Jane ___________to the office. (to go)
6. They _____________to the bus stop this afternoon. (to walk)
7. His brother ___________a letter to his uncle today. (to write)
8. She___________her aunt. (to visit)
9. I____________my homework after school. (to do)
10. Sophie and Nick ______________their friends. (to meet)
Use be going to in the following sentences.
1. Are you (watch) the ceremony tomorrow?

2. Gary (not visit) his cousin today because he is tired.
3. I (paint) my room on Sunday.
4. The guests (bring) their own food.
5. There are no clouds in the sky. It (not rain) today.
6. My mother (cook) dinner for us later.
7. I'd better sleep. I (get up) early in the morning.
8. Am I (come) with you tomorrow?
9. Your friends (not do) your homework for you.
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Reading Comprehension
Two friends are on the phone, on a Sunday afternoon.
John: “Next Saturday evening Arsenal will play against

Manchester United. I bought two tickets yesterday.
Will you come with me?
Mike: I won’t come, I will work because I’ll take an exam on
Friday.
John: OK… I’ll go with my brother Tom. We will take photos and I’ll show them
to you on Sunday morning.”
Mike: Sounds good! Have fun!
Answer the questions:
1. Which football clubs will play next week?_________________________
2. When did John buy tickets? ___________________________________
3. Will Mike come? Why?________________________________________
4. Who will go to the match with John?_____________________________
5. What will John do on next Sunday?______________________________
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Listening
Listen the following diaogue and complete into the blanks
A: Are you __________the party on Saturday?
B: I was thinking about it. Are you?
A: Yeah, I heard it's _________a lot of fun.
B: Really? Well, what time does it start?
A: It starts at 8:00 pm, and I really think you should

go.
B: Well, who else is going to be there?
A: Everybody from school.
B: How do you know it's going to be so fun?
A: This party ______________ a DJ, food, and drinks.
B: Wow, that does sound like __________ to be fun.
A: So am I going to see you at the party?
B: Yeah, _________ there.
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Learning new vocabulary: Hotel Facilities
Room service servicio de habitación

Wireless Internet Acceso inalámbrico a
Internet
Access
Air conditioning. Aire acondicionado
A single room Una habitación individual
A double room Una habitación doble
A suite Una suite
A twin bed Una cama doble
A queen-size bed Una cama matrimonial
Mini bar minibar
Laundry Lavandería
Bell service Servicio de botones
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The Verb GET
“To get” is a very commonly-used verb in English and has many different uses and
meanings:
 To obtain, to receive, to become, to find:
-Did you get my e-mail? / Did you receive my email?

-Where did you get this information?/ Where did you obtain
or find this information?
 to go, to arrive (expresses movement and travel):
-How can I get there? How can I travel or go to that place?

-to get on (the bus) to enter (the bus)
-to get in (the car) to enter (the car)
-to get away to escape,
 to have something done:
Ivan got his hair cut. / Ivan had his hair cut
 to give, to serve:
Can I get you a drink? / Can I serve you a drink?
 to bring, to take:
I'll get you there on time. / I'll take you there on time.
 to understand:
I didn't get what you just said. / I didn't understand what

you just said.
 followed by an infinitive, to get expresses the idea of an action finally taking place:
Susie and Philip will eventually get to be friends. / Susie

and Philip will eventually have the chance to be friends.said.
 and many other meanings, especially when it is followed by a preposition:
to get up (to arise, to stand)

to get along (to have a good relationship)
to get back (to return, to go back, to arrive home)
to get together (to unite, to link, to meet)
to get down (to to start working on)
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Exercises
Choose the correct preposition and complete the sentences
along / together /down / back / up
1. When we got ______ to the room, she had already left.

2. Students have to get ___ when the teacher comes in.
3. We have to get _________for our presentation on Friday.
4. Does Ken get _______ with his parents?
5. We couldn't get _____what the teacher said.
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UNIT 2: A VERY BAD TRIP
Police 1: I had an accident.

Police 2: I’m so sorry. Are you OK?
Police 1: I´m fine. No one was hurt.
Police 2: Thank goodness. How did it happen?
Police 1: Well, the other driver was driving too closely
behind me, and he hit my patrol
Police 2: Oh no! Was there much damage?
Police 1: No, I’ll only have to replace a taillight.
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PAST CONTINUOUS
We use the past continuous to talk about:
o Background events:
Example: She was working in a elementary school.
o Temporary past actions:

Example: I was wearing a hat because it was sunny.
o Interrupted actions:
Example: He stopped me as I was walking down the
street.
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Exercises
Complete with was or were
1. We _______dancing.
2. The dog _______barking.
3. The printer _______printing a photograph.
4. The students ________ writing a test.
5. Sue and Gab ______ walking up the hill.
Write sentences in past continuous.

1. he / was / the car ______________________________________________
2. she / go / home _______________________________________________
3. they / not / watch / the match _____________________________________
4. you / work/ in the shop __________________________________________
5. I / not / read/ a magazine ________________________________________
Write questions in past progressive.

1. she / sit/ on a chair ____________________________________________
2. you / pack/ your bag __________________________________________
3. we / drink/ tea ________________________________________________
4. he / repair / his bike ___________________________________________
5. Elliot / study / for the exam ______________________________________
Put the verbs into the correct form (past progressive).
1. When I phoned my friends, they (play) monopoly.

2. Yesterday at six I (prepare) dinner.
3. The kids (play) in the garden when it suddenly began to rain.
4. I (practise) the guitar when he came home.
5. We (not / cycle) all day.
6. While Aaron (work) in his room, his friends (swim) in the pool.
7. I tried to tell them the truth but they (listen / not) .
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1. Where was Ann playing yesterday?
__________________________________________________________
2. Why wasn´t she playing outside?
__________________________________________________________
3. What was Ann doing before the electricity went out?
__________________________________________________________
4. At the end of the story, the rain stopped. What was Ann doing?
__________________________________________________________
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Listening
Listen the following dialogue and complete into the blanks with past continuous
1. I ________ ________ this morning.
2. What ________ you ________ when I called you?
3. Bill heard about the report as he ________ ________ to the radio.
4. Who ________ ________ all that noise last night?
5. The machines ________ ________ properly.
6. Joe and Lisa ________ ________ in New York in the 1980s.
7. The driver ________ ________ a good job, so he was fired.
8. A security guard ________ ________ us while we were in the store.
9. A woman tripped as she ________ ________ onto the bus.
10. The accident was caused by a man who ________ ________ while he ________
________ .
27
Learning new vocabulary: travel problems
Cancel a reservation Cancelar una reserva

The flight is delayed Vuelo retrasado
Miss the bus Perder el bus
Got stuck in traffic Quedarse atrapado en el trafico
Can´t get a taxi No poder tomar un taxi
don´t have a boarding No tener una ticket de
pass embarque
Lose your passport Perder tu pasaporte
28
UNIT 3: SHOULD I OR SHOULDN´T I?
29
SHOULD / SHOULDN´T
30
Exercises:
Match the statements to the advice. Type the letter in the box.
1. I've got a headache. A. He shouldn't stay up so late.
2. I'm cold. B. You should do some exercise.
3. The game starts at three o'clock. C. You should put on a jumper.
4. He's always tired in the morning. D. You should stay in bed.
5. I don't feel well. E. You shouldn't sit so close to the TV
6. I want to lose weight .F. We should leave at two-thirty.
Complete the sentences. Use should or shouldn´t and the verb in brackets.
1. It's cold. You a cardigan. (wear)
2. She's always tired. She to bed late every night. (go)
3. now? (we / leave)
4. You some fruit or vegetables every day. (eat)
5. The students their mobile phones in the exam. (use)
6. You the teacher to help you if you don't understand the lesson. (ask)
7. People fast in the town centre. (drive)
8. the dress or the skirt? (I / buy)
Complete the sentences using should, shouldn’t and the words in brackets.
1. You have a great job; you (change) it.
2. You (drink) so much coffee; it’s bad for your blood pressure.
31
3. The government (help) people.
4. It’s an incredible film. You (watch) it.
5. It’s a very dangerous area. Tourists (go) there.
6. Do you think (I/apply) for a new job?
7. You (go) to that restaurant. The food is terrible.
8. When someone does you a favour, you (say) thank you.
9. He (study) more if he wants to pass his exam.
10. Children (drink) sugary drinks. It’s not very healthy.
Choose the correct forms to complete the following sentences.
1. What _____ tell Peter?

a. should I b. should I to c. do I should
2. They _____ to go to the police.

a. should b. ought c. shouldn’t
3. I _____ take that course. It’s a waste of time.

a. think you shouldn’t b. think you should not c. don’t think you should
4. People _____ be afraid of their governments.

a. ought not to b. ought to not c. shouldn’t to
5. What _____ do if he doesn’t get a promotion?

a. does Brian should b. should Brian c. should Brian to
32
33
UNIT 4: WHICH MOVIE IS BETTER
WORK IN GROUPS TO ROLE- PLAY THE FOLLOWING DIALOGUE
Erik: Hey, how are you? Welcome to Kuraburi.

Helen: I’m very sleepy but it’s good to be here.
Jamie: How was your journey?
Helen: Long! It was longer than the journey between Ranong and Phuket.
Jamie: Where are you from?
Helen: Scotland. It’s a lot hotter in Thailand than in Scotland.
Jamie: Scotland is one of the coldest countries in Europe isn’t it?
Helen: No it’s not, but it is one of the wettest.
Erik: Is your family in Scotland?
Helen: Yes. I have two older sisters and one older brother, they all live in Scotland. My mother
and father live in Scotland too.
Erik: Well, are you feeling hungry?
Helen: A little bit. Jamie: Would you like some food?
Erik: There are a few restaurants in Kuraburi, they all have good food.
Helen: Yes, that’d be great.
34
COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES
What are Adjectives?
Adjectives are words that describe the qualities or states of being of nouns: enormous, doglike,
silly, yellow, fun, fast. They can also describe the quantity of nouns: many, few, millions, eleven.
Comparative Than
Adjective
The blue car is newer than the gray car.
more expensive
1. Use a comparative adjective + than to Lydia is taller than Alex.

compare two people, places, or things. Gorillas are more intelligent than cows.
You can use a comparative adjective + The bigger house is mine.
noun when the comparison is clear from The more interesting shows are on
context. cable TV.
2. Add -er to the end of most one-syllable small  smaller low  lower
adjectives to form the comparative.* If the large  larger nice  nicer
adjective ends in -e, add -r.
3. Use more before most long Jack is more serious than Nikki.
adjectives (adjectives that have two or Do you think math is more important
more syllables). than music?
4. Some two-syllable adjectives are used quiet  quieter / more quiet
with either -er or more to form the simple  simpler / more simple
comparative.
5. Some adjectives have an irregular good  better
comparative form. far  farther, further
bad  worse
35
*Note:
Words such as a little, a lot, much, and not much, are often used to quantify
comparative adjectives.
Tina is a little taller than Nick.
Complete each sentence with the correct comparative form of the adjective
in parentheses. Add than when necessary.
1. New cars are much more quiet than / quieter than (quiet) old cars.
2. Do you think money is _______________________ (important) good
health?
3. This coat is ______________________________(nice) that one.
4. My old laptop was a lot ______________________________ (big) my new
one.
5. Gas is so expensive! I want a____________________________ (efficient) car.
6. Many people think modern life is ____________________ (good) life in the
past.
7. Communication is a lot _______________________ (easy) it was 50 years
ago.
8. The pollution in my city is much ______________________ (bad) it used to
be.
9. I prefer_____________________(hot) temperatures. That’s why I love
summer.
10. My new school is a little ______________________________ (far) my old
one.
36
Comparative adverbs
Comparative Than
Adjective
Gas prices are higher than electrical
more expensive energy
1. Use a comparative adverb + Mark works harder than Jeff.

than to compare two actions. Carol drives more carefully than
Peter.
2. Add -er to the end of one- Fast faster Hard harder
syllable adverbs to form the Long longer High
comparative. higher
3. Use more before adverbs that Quickly more quickly
end with -ly. Frequently more frequently
4. Some adverbs have an Well better Badly worse
irregular comparative form. Far farther, further
Complete the sentences with the comparative form of the adverbs.

1. My new oven works a lot better than (good) my old oven. It heats up much
________________________ (quick) my old oven, but it also burns food
________________________ (often) my old one!
2. Now that he’s a manager, Gerry works a lot ____________________
(hard) he used to. He also travels _______________________
(frequent) he did before, and his trips last _______________________
(long) they used to.
3. People are creating garbage________________________ (rapid) they
used to. They are throwing away their old things because they can buy
new goods ________________________ (easy) before. In the past,
people treated their belongings ________________________ (careful)
they do now.
37
Use the comparative form of the adverb and the correct form of the verb.
1. This computer works more efficiently than (work / efficiently) that
computer.
2. My new watch ___________________ (keep time / accurately) my old
watch.
3. My sister ___________________ (call / often) my brother.
4. My phone ___________________ (ring / loudly) your phone.
5. Tara ___________________ (shop / frequently) Lori.
6. Brad ___________________ (type / quickly) Lynn.
7. Kate ___________________ (sing / badly) Deb.
8. Lila ___________________ (study / hard) Nora.
Completing comparisons
1. You can use an object pronoun to Ed is six feet tall. Bob is taller than
complete a comparison. But in him. (Object Pronoun)
more formal speaking and writing, Ed is six feet tall. Bob is taller than he
use a subject pronoun + an is. (Subject Pronoun + Aux. Verb)
auxiliary verb.
2. Use an auxiliary verb after than. Do ✓ Ana runs faster than Pat does.
not repeat the main verb. ✗ Ana runs faster than Pat runs.
3. A possessive noun or possessive My car was more expensive than
pronoun can be used after than. Ellen’s.
My car was more expensive than
hers.
4. If the comparison is clear, than and Nowadays, smart phones are
the second part of the comparison cheaper.
are not necessary.
5. Be careful! Use than, not then, in a ✓ I work harder than I used to.
comparison. ✗ I work harder then I used to.
38
Circle the correct word(s) to complete each sentence.
1. My computer is more efficient than your / than yours.
2. The white coat is warmer then / than the gray one.
3. Ellen buys nicer clothes than I do / than I am.
4. Cars are expensive, but houses are more expensive / more expensive
than.
5. Does your new stereo play music more loudly than your old one was / did?
6. Harry’s motorcycle is newer than my / mine.
7. Cho’s package arrived more quickly than Kelly’s did / than Kelly’s was.
8. Dave is 27 years old. His sister is older than he is / than he does.
Complete each comparison using the information in parentheses. Do not

repeat the same noun.
1. Irina’s car is bigger than mine (is) (my car).
2. Tom takes better photos ______________________ (his father).
3. Miguel’s suit is more fashionable ______________________ (Chad’s
suit).
4. You finished your shopping more quickly ___________________(she).
5. Jeff’s kitchen is larger ______________________ (our kitchen).
6. This printer prints more quickly ______________________ (your printer).
7. My apartment is more comfortable ______________________ (their
apartment).
8. Alison studies harder ______________________ (her sister).
Complete the conversation with comparative adjectives or adverbs. In

some cases, more than one answer is possible.
Matt: My phone is working (1) worse than (badly) ever! And it’s (2)
________________ (old) all the other phones I see, too. I want a (3)
________________ (modern) phone.
39
Lara: Take a look at my phone. It was (4) ________________ (cheap) my
last phone, and I’m much (5) ________________ (happy) with it.
When I’m traveling, I listen to music (6) ________________ (often)
I do when I’m at home, so I wanted a phone with a (7)
________________ (big) memory card.
Matt: Wow, it’s much (8) ________________ (nice) mine! The screen is a
lot (9) ________________ (large), too. I want one like that!
Lara: Yeah, you need a big screen, because you watch videos on your
phone (10) ________________ (frequently) I do.
40
The Football Game

Yesterday my brother and I went to see a football game. We watched our two favourite
teams, the Eagles and the Hawks. It was the second week of the season and the day
was much colder than the week before. We arrived at the stadium at 11:30 am, which
is a little earlier than usual. We were excited because I love the Hawks and he loves
the Eagles.
The seats were good, but I wanted something closer to the field. However, we sat and
enjoyed the game. Well, we
enjoyed it until we started arguing. My brother and I both think our team is better than
the other team. He always says to me that the Eagles are faster, stronger, and smarter
than the Hawks. I never agree. On this day, he was wrong. The Hawks played a lot
better than the Eagles. They looked stronger and tougher than the Eagles. The won by
15 points.
One thing I didn’t like was that the food and drinks were much more expensive than
other places, and tasted much worse. I was surprised that a hot dog cost $7, which is
more expensive than the $3 I pay outside the stadium. Also, the hot dog was smaller
than normal hot dogs. So I was a little sad about my meal, but I planned to get
something tastier after the game.
Driving home I talked about how much better my team was than the Eagles. My brother
was getting angry, and I noticed he was driving a lot faster than usual. We were lucky
he didn’t crash. Finally he saw a police car so he started to drive slower. We arrived
home around 7:00 pm, which is later than normal. Usually we get home at about 6:00
pm.
Overall, it was a great day. I love going to the game with my brother. Even though we
argue, I wouldn’t want to watch the game with anyone else!
1. Who won the game?
Eagles Hawks
2. How much did a hot dog cost?
$4 $3 $7
3. What time did they arrive home?
1:30 pm 6:00 pm 7:00 pm
4. What is the brother’s favourite team?

Eagles Hawks
41
Learning new vocabulary: Adjectives
A Defiant Homeless Q
Adorable Delightful Homely Quant
Adventurous Depressed Horrible R
Aggressive Determined Hungry Real
Agreeable Different Hurt Relieved
Alert Difficult I Repulsive
Alive Disgusted Ill Rich
Amused Distinct Important S
Angry Disturbed Impossible Scary
Annoyed Dizzy Inexpensive Selfish
Annoying Doubtful Innocent Shiny
Anxious Drab Inquisitive Shy
Arrogant Dull Itchy Silly
Ashamed E J Sleepy
Attractive Eager Jealous Smiling
Average Easy Jittery Smoggy
Awful Elated Jolly Sore
B Elegant Joyous Sparkling
Bad Embarrassed K Splendid
Beautiful Enchanting Kind Spotless
Better Encouraging L Stormy
Bewildered Energetic Lazy Strange
Black Enthusiastic Light Stupid
Bloody Envious Lively Successful
Blue Evil Lonely Super
Blue-eyed Excited Long T
Blushing Expensive Lovely Talented
Bored Exuberant Lucky Tame
Brainy F M Tender
Brave Fair Magificent Tense
42
Bright Famous Modern Tasty
Busy Fancy Motionless Thankful
C Fantastic Muddy Thoughtful
Calm Fierce Mushy Thoughtless
Careful Filthy Mysterious Tired
Cautious Fine N Tough
Charming Foolish Nasty Troubled
Cheerful Fragile Naughty U
Clean Frail Nervous Ugliest
Clear Frantic Nice Ugly
Clever Friendly Nutty Uninterested
Cloudy Frightened O Unsightly
Colorful G Obnoxious Upset
Combative Gentle Odd Uptight
Comfortable Gifted Old-fashioned V
Concerned Glamorous Open Vast
Confused Glorious Outstanding Vivacious
Cooperative Good P W
Courageous Gorgeous Panicky Wandering
Crazy Graceful Perfect Weary
Creepy Grieving Plain Wicked
Cruel Grumpy Poised Wild
Curious H Poor Witty
Cute Handsome Powerful Worrisome
D Happy Precious Worried
Dangerous Healthy Prickly Wrong
Dark Helpful Proud Z
Dead Helpless Puzzled Zany
Defeated Hilarious Zealous
43
UNIT 5: PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
The Job Interview
Ms. Green: Have you ever had an interview with us before?

Palmer: No, I haven't.
Ms. Green: Can you drive?
Palmer: Yes,
Ms. Green: Have you ever had an accident?
Palmer: I crashed once while trying to park.
Ms. Green: I see. Have you ever been arrested?
Palmer: I was arrested once for drinking and fighting.
Ms. Green: I see. Mr. Palmer, why do you want to work for us?
Palmer: I've never driven a truck before. I think it might be fun.
Ms. Green: Have you ever been seriously ill?
Palmer: I was in the hospital once after somebody stabbed me with a knife, but I've
never been sick.
Ms. Green: I see. Well, thanks for coming.
Palmer: But we've just started the interview.
Ms. Green: Yes, but I think I've heard enough. We'll let you know if anything becomes
available.
Palmer: I've always been a hard worker.
Ms. Green: I'm sure you have. Thank you for dropping by.
Palmer: I've never missed a day of work, except when I've been in jail.
Ms. Green: I'm sure you're very reliable. It's been a pleasure.
Palmer: I've only been in jail three or four times in my whole life.
Ms. Green: That's wonderful news. Our secretary will help you find the door. Bye-bye!
44
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
The present perfect is a verb tense which is used to show that an action has
taken place once or many times before now. Thepresent perfect is most
frequently used to talk about experiences or changes that have taken place, but
there are other less common uses as well.
The structure of the Present Perfect is:
subject + auxiliary have + main verb
have, has past participle
The Present Perfect Tense is formed using the following structure:

Affirmative: Subject + Have / Has + Past Participle
Negative: Subject + Haven't / Hasn't + Past Participle
Question: Have / Has + Subject + Past Participle
Affirmative Sentences
Past
Subject Have Rest of the Sentence
Participle
I have studied for the exam.

You have bought a new computer.
He has eaten my chocolate.
She has written an e-mail.
It has been cold this month.
We have won the championship.
You have tried to learn a lot.
They have forgotten my birthday.
45
Negative Sentences
The contraction of the perfect tense in negative form is:
Have not = Haven't
Has not = Hasn't
Past
Subject Have Rest of the Sentence
Participle
I haven't studied for the exam.

You haven't bought a new computer.
He hasn't eaten my chocolate.
She hasn't written an e-mail.
It hasn't been cold this month.
We haven't won the championship.
You haven't tried to learn a lot.
They haven't forgotten my birthday.
Questions
Past
Have Subject Rest of the Sentence
Participle
Have I been chosen for the team?

Have you bought a new car?
Has he eaten my sandwich?
Has she written the letter?
Has it started on time?
Have we won a trophy?
Have you kept my secret?
Have they driven there?
46
Exercises:
Write affirmative sentences in present perfect tense.
1) (I / study / French)
………………………………………………
2) (She / eat / octopus)
…………………………………………………
3) (They / go / to Scotland)
…………………………………………………
4) (We / read / that book)
…………………………………………………
5) (He / live / here for three years)

………………………………………………
6) (You / know / David for ten years)
…………………………………………………
7) (We / be / here for two weeks)

……………………………………………………
8) (I / lose / my keys)
……………………………………………………
9) (He / drink / too much coffee)
……………………………………………………….
10) (They / miss / the train)

………………………………………………………..
11) (She / go / to Perú)
47
………………………………………………………..
12) (We / eat / too much chocolate)
…………………………………………………………
13) (I / have / breakfast this morning)
………………………………………………………….
14) (John / miss / the train)

………………………………………………………….
15) (Lucy / cook / breakfast)
……………………………………………………………….
16) (They / write / to the politician)

………………………………………………………………
17) (You / find / your wallet)
…………………………………………………………………..
18) (I / meet / his mother)

……………………………………………………………………..
19) (We / try / roller-skating)

…………………………………………………………………..
20) (She / pass / the exam)
……………………………………………………………………..
Write negative sentences in present perfect tense.
1) (We / not / go / to Paris)

………………………………………………………………….
2) (She / not / see / The Lord of the Rings
48
………………………………………………………………………
3) (He / not / meet / my mother)
……………………………………………………………………..
4) (They / not / visit / St. Paul's)
......................................................................................................
5) (I / not / know / him for three months)
…………………………………………………………………………
6) (You / not / study / French for ten years)
…………………………………………………………………………
7) (They / not / be / in London for six months)
……………………………………………………………………………
8) (He / not / hurt / his leg)
……………………………………………………………………….
9) (She / not / leave / her phone in a taxi)

……………………………………………………………………..
10) (We / not / lose / our tickets)

…………………………………………………………………………..
11) (She / not / make / dinner)
…………………………………………………………………………
12) (They / not / arrive / yet)
………………………………………………………………………….
13) (Lucy / not / do / her homework)
…………………………………………………………………………...
14) (I / not / read / that book)
…………………………………………………………………………….
15) (He / not / live / in Berlin)
…………………………………………………………………………….
16) (John / not / buy / any food)
……………………………………………………………………………..
17) (She / not / clean / the kitchen)
……………………………………………………………………………
49
18) (You / not / call / me)
…………………………………………………………………………..
19) (We / not / find / the book yet)
………………………………………………………………………………
20) (They / not / sleep / well)
……………………………………………………………………………………
Write questions in present perfect tense.
1) (You / read / War and Peace)?

……………………………………………………………………………..
2) (She / be / late for a meeting)?
……………………………………………………………………………..
3) (He / meet / your family yet)?
………………………………………………………………………………..
4) (They / live / here as long as we have)?
………………………………………………………………………………
5) (You / go / to Australia)?
…………………………………………………………………………………
6) (She / miss / the bus)?
…………………………………………………………………………………
7) (I / meet / you before)?
…………………………………………………………………………………
8) (They / take / the exam)?
……………………………………………………………………………………
9) (She / work / in this company for fifteen years)?
………………………………………………………………………………………
10) (How long / she / live in London)?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
11) (Where / you / be)?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
12) (How much coffee / you / drink today)?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
50
13) (What / you / do today)?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
14) (How long / he / work here)?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
15) (Why / you / bring that)?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
16) (How many times / you / visit Scotland)?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
17) (How many books / you / read this week)?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
18) (How long / you study English)?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
19) (How much food / you / buy)?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
20) (They / go / to the USA)?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
51
ADVENTURES
Jack Forrester is one of the most adventurous people from all over the world. In
this article we will take a look at his jobs, personal life and extreme adventures.
Jack has had several jobs, about 30. Among the most interesting jobs we can
highlight the following: he has been an astronaut, a teacher and a dancer.
According to Jack, his most rewarding job has been to be a teacher in Africa,
Europe and South America.
As for his personal life, we can point out that he has had five girlfriends in his
life, but he has only been married once. He hasn’t had children yet, but he wants
to have two daughters.
Jack has lived in more than 15 countries, his favorite country is Japan. He has
gone around the world twice: the first one in 1999 by boat and the second one in
hot air balloon 3 years ago. Some people may wonder how he has paid for these
trips and adventures; well, Jack is an entrepreneur that has created and sold
about 6 successful companies.
Jack Forrester is a role model for his family and friends.
1.- How many times has Jack gone around the world?
a) Three times
b) Once
c)Two times
2.-What happened in 1999?
a) Jack went around the world for the last time.

b) Jack went around the world for the First time.
c) Jack went around the world for the Third time.
52
VERBS IN PAST PARTICIPLE
Infinitivo (sin to) Pasado participio Traducción
Arise Arisen Surgir
Be Been Ser o estar
Beat Beaten Golpear
Become Become Llegar a ser, convertirse
Begin Begun Empezar
Bend Bend Doblar
Bite Biten Morder
Bleed Bled Sangrar
Blow Blown Soplar
Break Broken Romper
Beat Beaten Golpear
Become Become Llegar a ser, convertirse
Begin Begun Empezar
Bend Bend Doblar
Bite Biten Morder
Bleed Bled Sangrar
53
Blow Blown Soplar
Break Broken Romper
Bring Brought Traer
Build Built Construir
Burn Burnt Quemar
Buy Bought Comprar
Cost Cost Costar
Cut Cut Cortar
Do Done Hacer
Draw Drawn Dibujar
Dream Dreamed / Dreamt Soñar
Drink Drunk Beber
Drive Driven Conducir
Eat Eaten Comer
Fall Fallen Caer
Fly Flown Volar
Forbid Forbidden Prohibir
Forbid Forbidden
54
Forget Forgotten Olvidar
Forgive Forgiven Perdonar
Get Got Conseguir, Coger
Give Given Dar
Go Gone Ir
Grow Grown Crecer
Have Had Tener
Hear Heard Oir
Hide Hidden Esconder
Hit Hit Pegar, golpear
Hold Held Agarrar, sostener
Hurt Hurt Herir, dañar
Keep Kept Guardar
Kneel Knelt Arrodillarse
Know Known Saber, conocer
Lay Laid Extender, poner
Lead Led Dirigir
Lean Leaned / Leant Inclinarse
55
Learn Learned / Learnt Aprender
Leave Left Salir, marcharse, dejar
Lend Lent Prestar
Let Let Dejar, permitir
Lie Lain Tumbarse,

echarse
Light Lit Prender, encender
Make Made Hacer
Mean Meant Significar
Meet Met Conocer
Pay Paid Pagar
Put Put Poner
Read Read Leer
Ride Riden Montar
Ring Rung Llamar
Rise Risen Subir, crecer
Run Ran Correr
Say Said Decir
56
See Seen Ver
Sell Sold Vender
Send Sent Enviar
Set Set Poner, colocar
Sew Swen Coser
Shake Shaken Agitar
Shine Shone /td> Brillar
Shoot Shot Disparar
Show Shown Mostrar, enseñar
Shrink Shrunk Encoger
Shut Shut Cerrar
Sing Sung Cantar
Sink Sunk Hundir
Sit Sat Sentarse
Sleep Slept Dormir
Slide Slide Deslizar, deslizarse
Smell Smelt Oler
Sow Sown Sembrar
57
Speak Spoken Hablar
Spell Spelt / spelled Deletrear
Spend Spent Gastar
Spill Spilt Derramar, verter
Spit Spat Escupir
Split Split quebrar, dividir
Spoil Spoilt Echar a perder/mimar
Spread Spread Extender, difundir, untar
Spring Sprung Salir, aparecer, brotar
Stand Stood Estar de pie
Steal Stolen Robar
Stick Stuck Clavar, pegar
Sting Stung Picar, escocer
Strike Struck Golpear
Swear Sworn Basfemar/jurar
Sweep Swept Barrer
Swell Swollen Aumentar, crecer
Swim Swum Nadar
58
Swing Swung Balancear, balancearse
Take Taken Coger/llevar/tomar
Teach Taught Enseñar
Tear Torn Rasgar/arrancar
Tell Told Decir/contar
Think Thought Pensar
Throw Thrown Tirar, arrojar
Understand Understood Entender
Wake Woken Despertarse
Wear Worn Llevar puesto(ropa)
Weep Wept Llorar
Win Won Ganar
Write Written Escribir
59
UNIT 6: DO YOU HAVE YOUR COMPUTER?
John: Wow, that was the best James Bond movie I've ever seen.
Paul: Why do you think so? To me, it was the most boring.
John: Well, that's because you were writing the longest text message I've ever
seen
you busy with.
Paul: That's because Teresa is the most beautiful girl I've ever met. She has
the
longest eyelashes, bluest eyes and blackest hair. I'm mad about her.
John: So, didn't you watch any of those most amazing effects?
Paul: I saw Bond had the fastest car, the most modern technology and the best
clothes.
John: And the prettiest girl...
Paul: Well yes.....he is Bond.
John: Well, I hope you get the girl, too.
Paul: Hopefully, if she thinks I'm the best guy!
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SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
GRAMMAR
 USES
Superlative adjectives are used to describe an object which is at the
upper or lower limit of a quality (the tallest, the smallest, the fastest,
the highest). They are used in sentences where a subject is
compared to a group of objects.
 SPELLING RULES
o Adjectives with one syllable: add “the” + “-est” or “-st”
Superlative
adjective Example
adjective
cold the coldest June is the coldest month.
She is the nicest person I
nice the nicest
know.
o Adjectives with two or more syllable: add “the” + “most”

Superlative
adjective Example
adjective
the most It is the most boring movie I
boring
boring see.
We are eating at the most
the most
expensive expensive restaurant in
expensive
town.
o Adjectives with two syllable that end in “-y”: add “the”

+ change “y” to “-i” +“-est” or “-st”
Superlative
adjective Example
adjective
He was the earliest person
early the earliest
to arrive.
the This is the happiest time of
happy
happiest my life.
o Adjectives that end with a vowel and a consonant:

double the final letter before adding “the” + “-est”
Superlative
adjective Example
adjective
Russia is the biggest country
big the biggest
in the world.
February is usually the
hot the hottest
hottest summer month .
o Adjective that are irregular

Superlative
adjective Example
adjective
good the best She is the best student.
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My son’s dead was the worst
bad the worst
moment in my life .
He lives the farthest from my
far the farthest
home.
Exercises:
Complete the sentences with superlative adjectives.
1. I(tall)_________________________ person in my life.

2. Jupiter (big) _________________________ planet in our solar
system.
3. Elephants (large) _________________________ land animals on
earth.
4. We bought (expensive) _________________________TV in
store.
5. Which sports do you think (dangerous)
_________________________?
6. My act (lazy) _________________________ animal I know.
7. This restaurant serves (good) _________________________food
in town.
8. I think math (difficult) _________________________ subject.
9. What (long) _________________________word in English that
you know?
10. He (strange) _________________________man in story.
11. Last week. I had (bad) _________________________ time of my
life!
12. Which place (hot) _________________________place on earth?
13. I think it (funny) _________________________show on
television.
14. My friend (interesting) _________________________ person I
know.
15. Who (famous) _________________________ person in your
country?
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Complete these sentences.
1. Russia is _____country in 6. In my opinion, that

the world. _____comedy show on
a. big television.
b. the biggest
a. Is the funniest
c. the biggest
b. the funny
2. David _____person in our c. the funnier

English class.
a. is the tallest
7. Yesterday was _____ day
b. the most tall
summer.
c. the tallest
a. the hotest
3. I think that “shopping
b. the hottest
mall”_____mall in our city.
c. the hot day
a. best
b. the best 8. That _____ road in the
c. is the best entire country!
a. most danger
4. That restaurant b. is the most dangerous
_____restaurant in our c. most dangerous
town.
a. Is the worst
b. Is bad
c. Worst
5. Noel and David

_____people I know.
a. Is the most interesting
b. Is interested
c. Are the most
interesting
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Choose and adjective from the box and complete the sentences.
Hot – fast – big – heavy – difficult - scary
1. Summer is ________________________ season of the year.

2. Hippopotamus is________________________ land animals.
3. Our English exams are________________________.
4. Don’t watch it! It is ________________________ movie in the world.
5. Jupiter is ________________________ planet in our solar system.
6. The cheetah is ________________________ land animal in the world.
Complete the sentences. Use the superlative form of the adjectives in brackets.
1. Who is the……………….. (tall) person in your family?

2. My mum is the…………………… (good) cook in the world.
3. December is the……………………… (cold) month of the year in my country.
4. What's the……………………….…… (dangerous) animal in the world?
5. Ethan is the……………………… (happy) boy that I know.
6. Where are the……………………… (nice) beaches in your country?
7. She bought the…………………… (big) cake in the shop.
8. Who is the……………………… (famous) singer in your country?
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THE CIRCUS
The Rodriguez Brothers Circus is in town! Every year, the circus arrives and
stays for a week. Then they go to the next town.
There are not many animals in the circus. People told the circus that they
didn't like seeing animals performing. There is an elephant called Jacob and
two old lions, Hattie and Meg.
Most of the performers are human! There is Leopold, The Strongest Man in
The World. His father also worked in the circus, but Leopold is stronger than
him, he has bigger arms and bigger legs too! Leopold performs his act every
night for the town's people who come to watch.
Another performer is Clara. She says she has the longest hair in the world.
It's about 4 meters long! She also has a daughter who works in the circus. Her
name is Sue-Ellen. Her hair is a lot shorter, but she wants to grow it as long
as her mother's. Sue-Ellen helps look after the animals and she's also learning
how to juggle.
The highlight of the circus are the three clowns, Pit, Pot and Pat. They all wear
long red shoes, but Pat's shoes are the longest and sometimes, he falls over
because they're so long! They perform for about twenty minutes and they are
always the most popular act with the audience, especially the children. Many
people think Pit, Pot and Pat are three brothers, but Pat is older than the other
two - he's their father! He's the oldest clown in the country, but he has a lot of
energy.
Tomorrow will be the longest day because the circus is leaving town, and
everything must be packed away into big trucks.
1. The circus comes to the town twice a year. T( ) F( )

2. There are not many animals in the circus. T( ) F( )
3. Leopold and his father work in the circus together. T( ) F( )
5. Leopold's father is the strongest. T( ) F( )
6. Clara's hair is longer than her daughter's hair. T( ) F( )
7. Sue-Ellen wants to be a clown in the circus. T( ) F( )
8. Pit is the father of the other two clowns. T( ) F( )
9. The three clowns wear identical shoes. T( ) F(
65
AT THE POLICE STATION
Tourist : Good morning. I´m John Forbs.

Police Officer: Good morning Sir. What can I do
for you?
Tourist : I´m lost. I don´t know where the
main square is. Could you help
me?
Police Officer: Of course, the easiest way to go
is walking two blocks to the south, then turn to the right
and walk five more blocks.
Tourist : Oh, I see, but according to my map is not that close, is the
best option to go by foot?
Police Officer: I think so Sir, but you could also take a taxi on the
corner.
Tourist : Is that secure?
Police Officer: You always must take your previsions, Lima is the
biggest city of this country and the most dangerous.
Tourist : Thank you, I´m going to go by foot.
Police Officer: Thank you to you. Enjoy your trip.
Now Answer:
1. Why does Mr. Forbs go to the police station?

____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
2. Which city is the biggest in Peru?

____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
66
Learning new vocabulary: Computers
Match the words with the pictures
67
UNIT 7: I HAVE TO GET UP EARLY TOMORROW
Katie: I have to prepare to teach my classes tomorrow.

Pat: What must you do?
Katie: I have to create some activities for my students and make copies.
Pat: Must you do that tonight? Can you wait until morning?
Katie: No, I have to do it tonight. I must finish before 9:00 pm because my
favorite
show will be on TV.
Pat: I hope you don't have to do too much!
68
MODAL VERB MUST & HAVE TO
The Modal Verbs Must (must not) and Have to (not have to)
 Today, we'll look at rules governing the use of the modal verbs must, have to.
 The phrase have to doesn't look like a modal verb, but it performs the same
function.
 Must means that the obligation to do something comes from the speaker.
 We often use have to to say that something is obligatory.
Structure of must
The basic structure for must is: (must for subjective obligation)
subject + auxiliary verb + main verb

must base
The main verb is always the same form: base
Look at these examples:
auxiliary verb main verb

subject must base
I must go home.
You must visit us.
We must stop now.
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Structure of must not (must not for prohibition)
Must is an auxiliary verb. It is followed by a main verb.
The basic structure for must not is:
subject + must not + main verb
The main verb is the base verb.
We often contract must not to mustn't.
Look at these examples:
auxiliary
subject must + not main verb
I mustn't forget my keys.
You mustn't disturb him.
Students must not be late.
Exercises:
Fill in must or mustn't. What do you have to do and what are you not
allowed to do?
1. You .........................................tidy up your room.

2. You ......................................... smoke.
3. You ………………….……….. do your homework.
4. You ..................................... play with fire.
5. You ...................................... be home on time.
6. You …………………………. cheat in a test.
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7. You …………………………. turn the music too loud.
8. You ..................................... help in the house.
9. You …………………………. annoy your little sister.
10. You ………………………….. bite nails.
Fill in must or mustn't
1. It's late. You ……………………….. make so much noise.

2. We …………………. be home by 9 o'clock. The film starts at 9:15.
3. I …………………. finish this essay today. It has to be handed in by
tomorrow.
4. Passengers …………………. talk to the driver while the bus is in motion.
5. This is a dangerous tour. Children …………………. be accompanied by
an adult.
6. People …………………. stand on this bus.
7. We …………………. do more exercise to stay fit.
8. There …………………. be sth wrong with the engine of this car.
9. We …………………. give up when we are so close.
10. This was a nice evening. We …………………. … meet again.
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Structure of have to
subject + auxiliary verb + have + to-infinitive
Look at these examples in the Present Simple tense:
main verb
subject auxiliary verb have to-infinitive
+ She has to work.
- I do not have to see the doctor.
? Did you have to go to school?
Exercises:
Put in don't have to or doesn't have to into the gaps.
1. He................................ work in the evening.

2. We …............................... go shopping.
3. The friends............................... get up early.
4. Mandy ............................... read the instructions.
5. You............................... do the project.
6. I …............................... play the guitar.
7. They............................... carry the buckets.
8. She ............................... wash my T-shirt.
9. Mum............................... make sandwiches.
10. Frank and Joel …............................... draw a picture.
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Choose have to / has to or don't have to / doesn't have to.
1. Every man ............................... do military service in my country. It's

obligatory.
2. When do we ............................... pay for the next term?
3. Policemen............................... wear a uniform.
4. A pilot............................... train for many years.
5. Does Susan............................... work long hours?
6. I............................... get up early on Sundays. I can stay in bed.
7. You …............................... have a visa to come to Ukraine.
8. You............................... to do it if you don't want to.
9. My daughter............................... to cook, because I cook for the whole

family.
10. We …............................... pay. It's free.
Unscramble the sentences.
1 now. leave got Sorry, to but I've
2 early. has up postman get A to
3 have to phone calls. of I answer lots
4 has The diet. on says a doctor she to go
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5 get up hate I having early. to
6 go you do home? have When to
7 I've there by to six. be got
8 to has mistake. be This a
9 to You work to have mad here. be
10 my say was I it to have fault.
74
School rules
School rules
75
Learning new vocabulary:
Adjectives + prepositions
Verbs + prepositions
76
UNIT 8: HOW GOOD IS YOUR VOCABULARY?
77
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
We use indefinite pronouns to refer to people or things without saying exactly
who or what they are. We use pronouns ending in -body or -one for people,
and pronouns ending in -thing for things:
Everybody enjoyed the concert.
I opened the door but there was no one at home.
It was a very clear day. We could see everything.
We use a singular verb after an indefinite pronoun:
Everybody loves Sally.
Everything was ready for the party.
When we refer back to an indefinite pronoun we normally use a plural
pronoun:
Everybody enjoyed the concert. They stood up and clapped.
I will tell somebody that dinner is ready. They have been waiting a long
time.
We can add -'s to an indefinite pronoun to make a possessive.
They were staying in somebody’s house.
Is this anybody’s coat?
We use indefinite pronouns with no- as the subject in negative clauses (not
pronouns with any.)
Anybody didn’t come >> Nobody came.
We do not use another negative in a clause with nobody, no one or nothing:
Nobody came.
Nothing happened.
We use else after indefinite pronouns to refer to people or things in addition
to the ones we already mentioned.
All the family came, but no one else.
If Michael can’t come we’ll ask somebody else.
So that's eggs, peas and chips. Do you want anything else?
Person Place Thing
All everyone everywhere everything

everybody
Part (positive) someone somewhere something

somebody
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Person Place Thing
Part (negative) anyone anywhere anything

anybody
None no one nowhere nothing

nobody
AFFIRMATIVE
In affirmative sentences, indefinite pronouns using some are used to describe an
indefinite quantity, the indefinite pronouns with every are used to describe a
complete quantity, and the pronouns with no are used to describe an absence.
Examples:
Everyone is sleeping in my bed.
No one is sleeping in my bed.
He saw something in the garden.
NEGATIVE SENTENCES
Negative sentences can only be formed with the indefinite pronouns that
include any.
Examples:
I don't have anything to eat.
She didn't go anywhere last week.
I can't find anyone to come with me.
QUESTIONS
Indefinite pronouns with every, some, and any can be used to form questions
These questions can usually be answered with a "yes" or a "no"
Examples:
Is there anything to eat?
Did you go anywhere last night?
Is everyone here?
Have you looked everywhere?
79
Exercises:
Choose the correct answer.
1. I didn't see Max at the gym. In fact, I didn't see __________. The place was
empty.
a. anybody.
b. somebody.
c. Nobody
2. Please tell the salesman at the door that we don't want to buy ___________.
a. something.
b. nothing.
c. anything.
3. Bob, __________ is here to see you.
a. anyone.
b. noone.
c. someone.
4. Your secret is safe with me. I won't tell __________.
a. nobody.
b. someone.
c. anyone
5. in that bag. I bought you __________
a. something.
b. anything.
c. nothing
6. If the phone call is for me, I'm not here. I'm not talking to __________ this
weekend.
a. anybody.
b. somebody.
c. nobody
7. I need __________ to talk to. I am very lonely.
a. someone.
b. noone.
c. anyone
8. I don't care who it is. It can be __________
a. anybody.
b. nobody.
c. somebody
9. At that restaurant, you can't buy __________ for less than $20.
a. something.
b. anything.
c. nothing
10. You should take __________ for that cough.
80
a. anything.
b. nothing.
c. something
Complete with an indefinite pronoun.
1. Would you like ……………… to eat?

2. It was really dark and I couldn't see...........................
3. Does........................... live in that house?
4. It doesn't matter where we go. We can go........................... we want to.
5. This is boring. There's........................... to do.
6. The shop is closed. ..................................... has gone home.
7. ...........................done their homework?
8. The guidebook says there's a goodhotel........................... near here.
Complete with an indefinite

pronoun. everybody, everywhere and everything.
1. It's the biggest shop in the city – they sell ……………………..
2. …………………….is hungry because it's dinner time.
3. Do you have ………………………….you need for your holiday?
4. The party was great............................... enjoyed it.
5. My brother knows ……………… about football. He loves it.
6. The centre of Prague is beautiful but there are

tourists............................ .
7. London's a brilliant city, but ……………….. is quite expensive.
8. Their garden is full of flowers. There are roses and

tulips…………………………
9. I like my new job. The work is interesting and…………………….is very

friendly.
10. I haven't got a car. I travel…………………. by public transport.
81
Write something, someone, somewhere or anything, anyone, anywhere.
1. I've got in my eye.
2. There is at the door.
3. We haven't heard about Peter. Is he ill?
4. Do you live near Mandy?
5. wants to see you.
6. Has seen my bag?
7. My teacher asked me .
8. Can I have to drink?
9. Don't worry. can tell you where the post-office in this town is.
10. I don't know about it.
Complete the text with the correct indefinite pronouns.
……………………………..I had heard about Harrods was just great. So when our
trip to London was coming to an end we decided to visit the world's most famous
department store. When we entered it, we couldn't believe what we saw. We've
been ……………….…in the world, but …………………… was as good as this.
My wife wanted to buy ……………………... special for some friends , and there
was so much to chose from. Harrods sells ……………..……., from seafood to
Swiss chocolate. However, the only problem is that ………………………..is
cheap here.
Still, we wanted to eat at Harrods -………… it didn't matter what. So, in the end
we decided to have an exotic ice cream and it really tasted fantastic. The
salespeople there are good too. We asked …….………….for some information
and she turned out to be very helpful. The only annoying thing about the place is
that it was really crowded. It seemed that …………….in London was shopping a
Harrods that day !
82
83
UNIT 9: I GAVE UP SMOKING LAST YEAR
Classmate 1: Congratulations on finishing the marathon!

Classmate 2: Thanks! I can’t believe I pulled it off.
Classmate 1: Did you find it difficult?
Classmate 2: My legs started hurting during the last five miles – but all the people
cheering us on definitely helped me to reach the finish line.
Key Vocabulary:
PULL OFF (AN ACCOMPLISHMENT) = TO SUCCEED IN DOING SOMETHING

DESPITE DIFFICULTIES OR OBSTACLES.
“PULL OFF” REFERS TO THE SUCCESS
Example:
I pulled off an 85% on the test even though I didn’t study!
84
Exercises
Complete the sentences with across, along, away, by, down (to), in, off,
on, out, over, through or up.
1. My daughter is an early bird. She gets _ _ _ _ _ _ at 7 every day of the

week.
2. How can Tom get _ _ _ _ _ _ on his poor salary?
3. Patty usually fails to get her jokes _ _ _ _ _ _.
4. Jim got _ _ _ _ _ _ his exams without much effort.
5. You’d better get _ _ _ _ _ _ the back seat. I’ve got my son’s safety seat in
the front.
6. I’ve never got _ _ _ _ _ _ with my brother-in-law.
7. If this secret gets _ _ _ _ _ _ , you’ll be in trouble.
8. We’ve climbed the fence easily, but now we can’t get _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
9. You should get _ _ _ _ _ _ with your homework right now.
10. Kate hasn’t got _ _ _ _ _ _ her separation with Mark.
11. The burglar got _ _ _ _ _ _ before we came back home.
12. When Moly got _ _ _ _ _ _ the plane, she saw all her family waiting for her.
85
Exercises
Complete the sentences with after, ahead, away, back, down, for, in(to),
off, on, our, over or up.
1. George went _ _ _ _ _ to the cellar to bring a bottle of wine.

2. Go _ _ _ _ _! I can’t talk to you right now I’m very busy.
3. My parents have gone _ _ _ _ _ _ for dinner. They’ll be back in an hour.
4. Jack tried to go _ _ _ _ _ _ the robber but he failed to catch him.
5. New apartments are going _ _ _ _ _ _ all over the west coast.
6. The bomb went _ _ _ _ _ _ but fortunately no one was seriously injured.
7. We can’t go _ _ _ _ _ _ with the project without them. They are a crucial
part.
8. Mr. Stevenson doesn’t go much _ _ _ _ _ _ modern architecture.
9. When the headmaster entered, the teacher went _ _ _ _ _ _ explaining
the new topic.
10. Every morning my mum goes _ _ _ _ _ _ my bedroom to say “Hello”.
11. You should go _ _ _ _ _ _ your essay before you hand it in to your
teacher.
12. Let’s go _ _ _ _ _ _ to the hotel. I’m exhausted after five hours of
sightseeing.
86
UNIT 10: MEMORABLE MOMENTS
Kim: I miss talking with my best friend. I remember going with him everywhere!
Ron: Why did you stop talking?
Kim: We celebrated turning 30 at the same time, but then he got a new job
and moved to a new city.
Ron: I remember hearing that. Have you talked to him recently?
Kim: Yes, but I regret not calling him more often.
Ron: I imagine being far apart is difficult.
Kim: It is. I enjoy spending time with him!
87
VERBS + ING (I enjoy doing)
enjoy stop
suggest + -ing (doing/ working/ being, etc)
mind finish
Examples
 I enjoy dancing. (not enjoy to dance)

 I don’t mind getting up early.
 Did it stop raining?
 Tara suggested going to the movies.
88
Exercises
Put the verb in the right form
1. I enjoy _______________ (dance)

2. Did you finish ____________ the kitchen? (clean)
3. Do you enjoy _____________ other countries? (visit)
4. The weather was nice, so I suggested ____________ for a walk by the
river. (go)
5. I’m not hurry. I don’t mind _____________. (wait)
6. I’m not going out until it stops ____________. (rain)
7. She’s finished ____________ her homework. (do)
8. Nicole has a lot of books. She enjoys ____________. (read)
Fill the gaps with an –ing form.
having remembering doing

making being stung coming
buying arriving
asking going
1. I got into trouble for __________ at school late.

2. You can lose weight by ___________ exercise.
3. How about ___________ out for a meal tonight?
4. How dare you take my money without ___________ me?
5. I’m fed up with ____________ no money.
6. This machine is used for ____________ pasta.
7. I’m hopeless at ______________ people’s names.
8. I’m thinking of ____________ a new car. A Renault, maybe.
9. Thank you for ____________ to see me.
10. Yuk! Monday morning! I don’t feel like ____________ to work.
11. I’m always afraid of __________________ by a wasp.
89
PARTICIPLES IN ADJECTIVES OR ADVERBS
 When present participles (-ing) are used like adjectives or adverbs, they
are active in meaning.
Example:
Modern art is interesting.
Pour boiling water onto the pasta.
 When past participles (-ed) are used like adjectives or adverbs, they are
passive in meaning.
Example:
I’m interested in modern art.
Look at that broken doll.
Exercises
Complete the dialogues with –ing or –ed forms of the verb in brackets.
1. A: Why were you ______________? (terrify)

B: Flying is always _______________ don’t you think?
2. A: I find flying extremely _____________. (tire)

B: Yes, I get _____________ on long flights.
3. A: Airport security is ______________ , isn’t it? (annoy)

B: Is it? I only feel _______________ if I have to queue.
4. A: I’m never ________________ in the departure lounge. (relax)

B: No, I agree. Waiting to board isn’t _____________.
5. A: And foreign airports are particularly ______________. (confuse)

B: I know what you mean. I felt really ______________ on
my first visit to Nigeria.
90
Martial Arts
The martial arts consist of a series of hand-to-hand

unarmed combat tactics. The most popular are
karate, judo, jujitsu, and kung fu. Many experts
believe kung fu does not belong in the category of
unarmed self-defense because it can become a
killer art in its most violent form.
Chinese jujitsu and its offshoot, judo, are

thousands of years old. They began in China and
Japan. During the Middle Ages in Japan, common
people were not allowed to carry weapons. They
devised a self-defense technique that involved a series of holds, trips,
strangles, and falls. By the 1700's, judo and jujitsu were no longer required for
self-defense, but these sports survived stressing grace, physical discipline,
and spiritual concentration.
Jigaro Kano, a Japanese man, founded the first judo school in 1882. He
introduced the system of "belts," with a white belt for a novice and a black belt
for an expert. This system has been extended to karate as well. Judo came
to America in 1902.
Karate was introduced in an Okinawa school in 1905. By the year 1922, it

had spread to Japan, and eventually was practiced worldwide. Today, the
World Union of Karatedo (Karate) Organization sets the rules governing the
use of striking, punching, and kicking on various parts of the body. Matches
last from two to three minutes and points are scored for blows to the neck,
face, kidneys, and midsection of an opponent. The blows are not actually
landed: if they were, they could disable or even kill.
Answer the questions below
1. According to this passage which of the martial arts are thousands of years
old?
karate and judo.
Chinese jujitsu and judo.
jujitsu and kung fu.
91
2. During the Middle Ages in Japan, common people were not allowed to
carry .
3. By the 1700's judo and jujitsu became sports stressing grace, physical discipline,
and concentration.
4. The first judo school was founded in 1882 by a man, named Jigaro
Kano.
5. Judo came to in 1902.
6. Many experts believe does not belong in the category of unarmed

self-defense.
7. Judo and jujitsu began in China and .
8. While a white belt stands for a novice, a black belt stands for a/an
intermediate.
trainer.
expert.
9. How long does a karate match last?

one hour
two to three minutes
fifteen minutes
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Listening
STOP WASTING TIME
Write a number (1–6) to put these tips in the order that you hear them.
…………. Turn off your music.
…………. Take away the things that stop you working.
…………. Turn off your phone.
…………. Have something to eat and drink on your desk.
…………. Put your pet outside.
…………. Turn off your instant messages.
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UNIT 11: I EARN TOO MUCH
Policeman: Excuse me. Stop. The light is red.

Student: I'm sorry. I did not notice.
P: Most of the people are in hurry.
S: If a man is in a hurry, he has to violate a signal.
P: The signals are for you people.
S: But sometimes, they are very long.
P: It depends. Laws are for every body.
S: I don't agree. Laws are usually for the poor.
P: No one is rich or poor in the eyes of a law. It is equal to all.
S: But it usually does not happen. The poor are challenged and fined, not the
rich.
P: You are mistaken. Throughout my service, I have treated equally.
S: Exceptions are there. You may do your duty honestly.
P: It is the same with everybody. If you are good, everyone is good.
S: It is not a general practice. I have different experience. If you do a good turn,
you get a bad one.
P: No. Always keep in mind. Do good and have good.
S: It is an old saying now.
P: This is universal truth. It is ever green. It never becomes old.
S: O.K. If you say, I agree.
P: Thank you. One thing always keep in mind. Don't find fault with others.
Always sweep before your own door.
S: Thanks for your advice. Good-bye.
P: Good-bye.
94
MUCH, A LOT, A LITTLE & COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES
When we want to talk about similarities and differences we can use adjectives
in their comparative forms …
A big difference – much, a lot
We can modify comparative adjectives to show that there is a big difference

between things.
Examples:
 Sales in July were much higher than sales in June.

 She’s a lot taller than you.
 This one’s much more expensive than the blue one.
A small difference – a little
We can show there is a small difference.
Examples:
 Sales in August were a little lower than sales in July.

 You’re a little younger than me.
95
Exercises:
Complete with much, a lot, a little and the comparative adjective
1. Bikes are than cars (cheap)
2. January is than June (cold)
3. My sister is than my brother (thin)
4. Sue is at English than me (good)
5. Hares are than tortoises (fast)
6. My shirt is than hers (colourful)
7. Alan's eyes are than Peter's (big)
8. Mount Everest is than K2 (high)
9. Football is than tennis (popular)
10. Paula's hair is than Martha's (long)
11. My girlfriend is than Rose (pretty)
12. Elephants are than giraffes (heavy)
Complete with much, a lot, a little and the comparative adjective
1. My sister thinks she's (intelligent) than me.

2. Avatar is probably (bad) film I've seen!
3. What is (wet) month of the year in England?
4. Do you think the Harry Potter films are (good) than the
books?
5. Who is (powerful) person in your country?
6. I think Men in Black 1 was (funny) than Men in Black 3.
7. Is Angelina Jolie (old) than Sandra Bullock?
8. John is (nice) person that I know.
96
I'm Tomas and I live in Vienna with my parents and my sisters. I'm the youngest
in my family. I turned 13 last month. My sisters are Martina, 16, and Betta, 19.
Betta's very serious and she always tells me what to do, I guess because she's
the oldest. I go to a nice school not too far from our home and I really enjoy it. I
have a lot of friends there and I enjoy studying. My best subject is Geography,
probably because it's the easiest too! My most difficult subject is Math - I'm terrible
and I don't like my teacher. I love playing sports, especially basketball. I'm the
tallest player on the school team and I usually play really well. It's the happiest
part of my day. My coach says that one day I could play professional basketball!
On the weekend I spend a lot of time with my friends Ralf and Kurt. We do
everything together and they are the most important people in my life, apart from
my family of course!
1. Tomas is older than Martina.

True
False
2. Betta is the oldest.

True
False
3. Geography is the easiest subject.

True
False
4. English is more difficult than Math.

True
False
5. Tomas is the tallest on the team.

True
False
6. Kurt is more important than Betta.

True
False
97
Learning new vocabulary: Describing Jobs
 A butcher is a person who sells meat in a shop * Bacon is thin slices of
meat from the back or sides of a pig which is often eaten fried
 A doctor Needle is a perwson who vhelps sick people.
 Painter is someone whose job is to paint surfaces, such as walls and doors
 Nurse is a person whose job is to care for people who are ill or injured,
especially in a hospital
 Farmer Someone who owns or takes care of a farm
 Fireman Fire extinguisher A man whose job is to stop fires from burning.
 Painter Someone whose job is to paint surfaces, such as walls and doors.
 Train driver is someone who drives a vehicle.
 Dress maker is someone who makes women's clothes, especially as a job.
 Postman someone whose job is to deliver and collect letters and parcels
that are sent by post.
 Vet person with a medical degree trained to take care of the health of
animals.
 Roof builder mend= arreglar someone who builds roofs or the covering
that forms the top of a building.
 Gardener someone who works in a garden, growing and taking care of
plants.
 Secretary someone who works in an office, writing letters, making
telephone calls and arranging meetings for a person or for an organization.
 Sailor a person who works on a ship, especially one who is not an officer.
 Fisherman someone who catches fish, especially as their job.
 Mechanic someone whose job is repairing the engines of vehicles and
other machines.
 Taxi driver a person who drives a car.
 Photographer a person who takes photographs, either as a job or hobby.
 Astronaut a person who has been trained for travelling in spacecraft.
 Teacher someone whose job is to teach in a school or college.
 Pilot a person who flies an aircraft.
 Waitress a woman whose job is to bring the food to customers at their
tables in a restaurant.
 Dentist a person whose job is treating people's teeth.
 Police officer a male or female member of the police force.
 Cook a person who prepares food to be eating.
 Journalist a person who writes news stories or articles for a newspaper or
magazine or broadcasts them on radio or televisión.
 Musician someone who is skilled in playing music, usually as their job.
98
UNIT 12: FIRST CONDITIONAL
A: Hello Adam! Are you free this weekend?

B. If I have time on Saturday, I’ll visit my parents.
A. That sounds good.
B: If I visit them, they’ll be very happy.
A: You’ll bring some groceries if Iyou visit them.
B: If you go to their house, they’ll make a big dinner for you.
A. You will have a nice day if you spend some family time.
A: If I don’t have time this Saturday, I’ll go there next weekend.
B: They’ll be glad whenever you can visit them.
99
FIRST CONDITIONAL
It's used to talk about things which might happen in the future. Of course, we
can't know what will happen in the future, but this describes possible things,
which could easily come true.
The first conditional has the present simple after 'if', then the future simple in
the other clause:
IF + PRESENT SIMPLE, ... WILL + INFINITIVE
Examples:
 If it rains, I won't go to the park.

 If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight.
 If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes.
 She'll be late if the train is delayed.
 She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.
 If I see her, I'll tell her.
100
Exercises
Complete the sentences

1. If you (to dive) into this river, you (to hurt) yourself.
2. If the sun (to shine), the children (to play) outside.
3. Richard (to walk) to school if he (to miss) the bus.
4. Emily (to buy) a Pepsi if you (to pack) the picnic

basket.
5. If I (to be) in Venice, I (to rent) a boat.
6. Michael's teacher (to phone) his parents if he (to

text) in the lesson.
7. If she (to answer) this question correctly, she (to

get) an extra point.
8. My sister (to be) angry if I (to turn) on the music too

loud.
9. Your room (to look) much tidier if you (to keep) your
hamster in the cage.
10. If we (to surf) the Internet, we (to find) a lot of

information about Loch Ness.
Complete the following sentences with the words in brackets.
1. Her father will be angry if she to this party. (go)
2. If he so hard, he will ruin his health. (work)
3. He English quicker if he goes to England. (learn)
4. Will her ticket still be valid if she the plane? (miss)
5. I will phone you if I . (not / forget)
6. My parent me if I am in financial troubles. (not / help)
7. I will allow you to take my car if you slowly. (drive)
8. She will come if she busy. (not / be)
101
9. If we in groups, we will finish it quicker. (work)
10. You this problem if you read his paper. (solve)
11. They will not work properly unless you them good wages. (pay)
12. What if he does not send the money? (they / do)
13. Unless you are careful you the job. (lose)
14. You will lose all your money if you cards with them. (play)
15. If you the radio like that you will damage it. (use)
16. He will produce the film if we him money. (lend)
17. You your fingers unless you use gloves. (burn)
18. If you what I told you, you'll find the place easily. (remember)
19. He if you continue turning the radio up so loud. (be angry)
102
103
LIST OF VERBS (Basic)
Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle Spanish

answer answered answered responder
arrive arrived arrived llegar
ask asked asked preguntar
be i was / were been ser
borrow borrowed borrowed tomar prestado
break i broke broken romper
buy i bought bought comprar
catch i caught caught atrapar
clean cleaned cleaned limpiar
climb climbed climbed escalar
collect collected collected colleccionar
come i came come venir
compose composed composed componer
cook cooked cooked cocinar
cut i cut cut cortar
dance danced danced bailar
describe described described describir
discover discovered discovered descubrir
do i did done hacer
drink i drank drunk beber
drive i drove driven conducir
eat i ate eaten comer
enjoy enjoyed enjoyed disfrutar
fall i fell fallen caer
feel i felt felt sentir
find i found found encontrar
fly i flew flown volar
forget i forgot forgotten olvidar
give i gave given dar
go i went gone ir
happen happened happened suceder
have i had had tener
help helped helped ayudar
hurt i hurt hurt herir, doler
invent invented invented inventar
invite invited invited invitar
kill killed killed matar
know i knew known saber
lend i lent lent prestar
leave i left left dejar
104
lie i lay lain yacer
like liked liked gustar
live lived lived vivir
look looked looked mirar
love loved loved amar
make i made made hacer
meet i met met conocer, encontrar
miss missed missed perder, extrañar
open opened opened abrir
pack packed packed empacar
pay i paid paid pagar
phone phoned phoned llamar por teléfono
play played played jugar
prefer preferred preferred preferir
prepare prepared prepared preparar
push pushed pushed empujar
put i put put poner
rain rained rained llover
read i read read leer
remember remembered remembered recordar
rent rented rented alquilar
rescue rescued rescued rescatar
return returned returned volver, devolver
ring i rang rung llamar por teléfono
save saved saved ahorrar
say i said said decir
search searched searched buscar
see i saw seen ver
sell i sold sold vender
sit i sat sat sentarse
skate skated skated patinar
ski skied skied esquiar
sleep i slept slept dormir
smell smelled smelled oler
speak i spoke spoken hablar
spend i spent spent gastar
start started started comenzar
stay stayed stayed quedarse
stop stopped stopped detener
study studied studied estudiar
survive survived survived sobrevivir
swim i swam swum nadar
take i took taken tomar
talk talked talked hablar
105
teach i taught taught enseñar
tell i told told decir
think i thought thought pensar
throw i threw thrown lanzar
touch touched touched tocar
try tried tried intentar
understand i understood understood entender
use used used usar
visit visited visited visitar
wait waited waited esperar
walk walked walked caminar
want wanted wanted querer
wash washed washed lavar
watch watched watched mirar
wear i wore worn llevar puesto
work worked worked trabajar
write i wrote written escribir
IRREGULAR VERBS
Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle Spanish

arise arose arisen surgir
be was / were been ser
beat beat beaten golpear
become became become convertirse
begin began begun comenzar
bet bet/betted bet/betted apostar
bite bit bitten morder
bleed bled bled sangrar
blow blew blown soplar
break broke broken romper
bring brought brought traer
build built built construir
buy bought bought comprar
catch caught caught atrapar
choose chose chosen elegir
106
come came come venir
cost cost cost costar
creep crept crept arrastrarse
cut cut cut cortar
deal dealt dealt dar, repartir
do did done hacer
draw drew drawn dibujar
dream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed soñar
drink drank drunk beber
drive drove driven conducir
eat ate eaten comer
fall fell fallen caer
feed fed fed alimentar
feel felt felt sentir
fight fought fought pelear
find found found encontrar
flee fled fled huir
fly flew flown volar
forget forgot forgotten olvidar
forgive forgave forgiven perdonar
forsake forsook forsaken abandonar
freeze froze frozen congelar
get got got tener, obtener
give gave given dar
go went gone ir
grind ground ground moler
grow grew grown crecer
hang hung hung colgar
have had had tener
hear heard heard oír
hide hid hidden esconderse
hit hit hit golpear
hold held held tener, mantener
hurt hurt hurt herir, doler
keep kept kept guardar
kneel knelt knelt arrodillarse
know knew known saber
lead led led encabezar
learn learnt/learned learnt/learned aprender
leave left left dejar
lend lent lent prestar
let let let dejar
lie lay lain yacer
lose lost lost perder
107
make made made hacer
mean meant meant significar
meet met met conocer, encontrar
pay paid paid pagar
put put put poner
quit quit/quitted quit/quitted abandonar
read read read leer
ride rode ridden montar, ir
ring rang rung llamar por teléfono
rise rose risen elevar
run ran run correr
say said said decir
see saw seen ver
sell sold sold vender
send sent sent enviar
set set set fijar
sew sewed sewn/sewed coser
shake shook shaken sacudir
shine shone shone brillar
shoot shot shot disparar
show showed shown/showed mostrar
shrink shrank/shrunk shrunk encoger
shut shut shut cerrar
sing sang sung cantar
sink sank sunk hundir
sit sat sat sentarse
sleep slept slept dormir
slide slid slid deslizar
sow sowed sown/sowed sembrar
speak spoke spoken hablar
spell spelt/spelled spelt/spelled deletrear
spend spent spent gastar
spill spilt/spilled spilt/spilled derramar
split split split partir
spoil spoilt/spoiled spoilt/spoiled estropear
spread spread spread extenderse
stand stood stood estar de pie
steal stole stolen robar
sting stung stung picar
stink stank/stunk stunk apestar
strike struck struck golpear
swear swore sworn jurar
sweep swept swept barrer
swim swam swum nadar
108
take took taken tomar
teach taught taught enseñar
tear tore torn romper
tell told told decir
think thought thought pensar
throw threw thrown lanzar
tread trode trodden/trod pisar
understand understood understood entender
wake woke woken despertarse
wear wore worn llevar puesto
weave wove woven tejer
weep wept wept llorar
win won won ganar
wring wrung wrung retorcer
write wrote written escribir
add added added agregar

answer answered answered responder
apologise apologised apologised disculparse
arrest arrested arrested arrestar
arrive arrived arrived llegar
ask asked asked preguntar
attack attacked attacked atacar
be i was / were been ser
become i became become convertirse
begin i began begun comenzar
believe believed believed creer
boil boiled boiled hervir
book booked booked reservar
borrow borrowed borrowed tomar prestado
break i broke broken romper
bring i brought brought traer
build i built built construir
buy i bought bought comprar
catch i caught caught atrapar
carry carried carried llevar
change changed changed cambiar
chop chopped chopped picar
clean cleaned cleaned limpiar
climb climbed climbed escalar
collect collected collected colleccionar
come i came come venir
compose composed composed componer
109
cook cooked cooked cocinar
copy copied copied copiar
cut i cut cut cortar
dance danced danced bailar
describe described described describir
destroy destroyed destroyed destruir
die died died morir
discover discovered discovered descubrir
discuss discussed discussed discutir
do i did done hacer
draw i drew drawn dibujar
dream i dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed soñar
drink i drank drunk beber
drive i drove driven conducir
dye dyed dyed teñir
eat i ate eaten comer
enjoy enjoyed enjoyed disfrutar
explode exploded exploded explotar
extinguish extinguished extinguished extinguirse
fall i fell fallen caer
feed i fed fed alimentar
feel i felt felt sentir
fight i fought fought pelear
find i found found encontrar
fly i flew flown volar
forget i forgot forgotten olvidar
freeze i froze frozen congelar
fry fried fried freír
give i gave given dar
go i went gone ir
grow i grew grown crecer
happen happened happened suceder
hate hated hated odiar
have i had had tener
hear i heard heard oír
help helped helped ayudar
hire hired hired alquilar
hope hoped hoped esperar
hunt hunted hunted cazar
hurt i hurt hurt herir, doler
imagine imagined imagined imaginar
invent invented invented inventar
invite invited invited invitar
jump jumped jumped saltar
110
keep i kept kept guardar
kill killed killed matar
know i knew known saber
leave i left left dejar
lend i lent lent prestar
lie i lay lain yacer
lie lied lied mentir
lift lifted lifted levantar
like liked liked gustar
listen listened listened escuchar
live lived lived vivir
look looked looked mirar
lose i lost lost perder
love loved loved amar
make i made made hacer
meet i met met conocer, encontrar
miss missed missed perder, extrañar
offer offered offered ofrecer
open opened opened abrir
pack packed packed empacar
pass passed passed pasar, aprobar
pay i paid paid pagar
peel peeled peeled pelar
phone phoned phoned llamar por teléfono
plan planned planned planificar
play played played jugar
pour poured poured verter
prefer preferred preferred preferir
prepare prepared prepared preparar
push pushed pushed empujar
put i put put poner
rain rained rained llover
read i read read leer
reduce reduced reduced reducir
remember remembered remembered recordar
rent rented rented alquilar
rescue rescued rescued rescatar
return returned returned volver, devolver
ring i rang rung llamar por teléfono
run i ran run correr
save saved saved ahorrar
say i said said decir
search searched searched buscar
send i sent sent enviar
111
scream screamed screamed gritar
see i saw seen ver
sell i sold sold vender
shine i shone shone brillar
shoot i shot shot disparar
shut i shut shut cerrar
sing i sang sung cantar
sit i sat sat sentarse
skate skated skated patinar
ski skied skied esquiar
sleep i slept slept dormir
smell smelled smelled oler
snore snored snored roncar
speak i spoke spoken hablar
spend i spent spent gastar
start started started comenzar
stay stayed stayed quedarse
steal i stole stolen robar
stop stopped stopped detener
study studied studied estudiar
survive survived survived sobrevivir
swim i swam swum nadar
take i took taken tomar
talk talked talked hablar
teach i taught taught enseñar
tell i told told decir
thank thanked thanked agradecer
think i thought thought pensar
throw i threw thrown lanzar
touch touched touched tocar
try tried tried intentar
use used used usar
understand i understood understood entender
visit visited visited visitar
wait waited waited esperar
walk walked walked caminar
want wanted wanted querer
warn warned warned advertir
wash washed washed lavar
watch watched watched mirar
wear i wore worn llevar puesto
win i won won ganar
work worked worked trabajar
write i wrote written escribir
112
113

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POLICÍA NACIONAL DEL PERÚ

ESCUELA DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR TÉCNICO

Arequipa, Agosto 2018

En el silabo desarrollado de Inglés, se consideran los diversos contenidos teórico – prácticos

o CARRERA PROFESIONAL : Cs. ADMINISTRATIVAS Y

o SEMESTRE ACADEMICO : 2018 - III

o MODULO : FORMACION GENERAL

o UNIDAD DIDACTICA : IDIOMA INGLES

o PERIODO : III SEMESTRE

o FECHA DE INICIO : 27 AGOSTO 2018

o FECHA DE FINALIZACION : 15 DICIEMBRE 2018

o HORAS SEMESTRALES : 32 HORAS ACADÉMICAS

o HORAS SEMANALES : 02 HORAS ACADÉMICAS

* PROF. ANDREINA CORNEJO PINTO

UNIDAD DE COMPETENCIA CAPACIDAD TERMINAL PRODUCTO DE LA

COMUNICARSE EN FORMA PLANTEA DIVERSAS SITUACIONES

III. ORGANIZACIÓN DE ACTIVIDADES Y CONTENIDOS BASICOS:

SEMANAS CAPACIDADES INDICADOR DE ACTIVIDADES DE

04 – 10 – 2018 Construye adjetivos Utiliza los adjetivos SEMANA 6:

18 – 10 – 2018 Usa los verbos modales Elabora estructuras SEMANA 8:

25 – 10 – 2018 Usa pronombres Reconoce SEMANA 9:

08– 11– 2018 Reconoce el uso de Emplea SEMANA 11:

15 – 11 – 2018 SEMANA 12:

29 – 11 – 2018 Aprende el uso y SEMANA 14:

06 – 12 – 2018 Se comunica oralmente Crea diálogos en SEMANA 15:

A. Enfoque comunicativo.- Busca desarrollar la competencia comunicativa, la cual

B. Enfoque centrado en la acción.- Adoptado por el Marco Común Europeo de

C. Enfoque intercultural.- Adoptado en contextos europeos en un marco curricular

D. Enfoque neurocientífico.- Se basa en los estudios sobre la forma cómo el

CAPACIDAD PRODUCTO DE INSTRUMENTOS

1. Obtiene información de 1.1 Recupera y reúne

3. Se comunica oralmente 3.1 Opina en inglés de Ficha de coevaluación

4. Lee diversos tipos de 4.1 Identifica información

VI.- RECURSOS Y MATERIALES DIDACTICOS:

 Simon & Schuster´s Ed. R Steiner, USA, 1999

WORK IN PAIRS TO ROLE- PLAY THE FOLLOWING DIALOGUE

It is used to make a It is used to make a

It is used for unplanned It is used to indicate

1. They back by 6:30 pm. (to be)

2. you me? (to help)

3. When I you again? (to see)

4. His parents him for being late. (not/to punish)

5. they the contract tonight? (to sign)

6. It us three hours to get there. (to take)

7. The meeting before tomorrow morning. (not/to close)

8. When she me a copy of her essay? (to send)

9. They a new computer. (to get)

10. I think my mother this CD. (to like)

1. You (earn) a lot of money.

2. You (travel) around the world.

3. You (meet) lots of interesting people.

4. Everybody (adore) you.

5. You (not / have) any problems.

6. Many people (serve) you.

7. They (anticipate) your wishes.

9. Everything (be) perfect.

1. He ___________his friend. (to phone)

Use be going to in the following sentences.

1. Are you (watch) the ceremony tomorrow?

Two friends are on the phone, on a Sunday afternoon.

John: “Next Saturday evening Arsenal will play against

Answer the questions:

1. I this morning.

2. What you when I called you?

3. Bill heard about the report as he to the radio.

4. Who all that noise last night?

5. The machines properly.

6. Joe and Lisa in New York in the 1980s.

7. The driver a good job, so he was fired.

8. A security guard us while we were in the store.

9. A woman tripped as she onto the bus.