Name: Tayla Barbas

Student Number: 32007547

Assignment Number: 5

Assignment Title: Essay Formatting

Unit: EDUC1113
 Introduction to ICT Tayla Barbas 32007547

Contents
American Psychological Association Style Sample .............................................................. 2

Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 2

Discussion ................................................................................................................................ 2

Examples ................................................................................................................................. 2

Format...................................................................................................................................... 3

Summary ................................................................................................................................. 3

Assignment 5 Essay Formatting 1

 Introduction to ICT Tayla Barbas 32007547

American Psychological Association Style Sample

Introduction
The American Psychological Association (APA) style is primarily used in the social

science disciplines. It is formatted like Modern Language Association (MLA), and shows

many similarities, but is unique in several key points. This paper discusses the APA in detail.

Addressing plagiarism has become a major challenge in education and educating students in

referencing correctly with the APA 6th is one way of trying to overcome the problem

(Bretag, 2013; Manar & Shameem, 2014).

Discussion

APA uses parenthetical (or in-text) citations within sentences, but rather than indicating

the author's name and page number, APA includes author's name and date of publication.

The page number, represented with a p. or a pp., is only added to the citation when using a

direct quote (not a summary or paraphrase). If the author's name is mentioned in the

sentence, then place the date of publication in parentheses directly after the name. If the

name is not mentioned include the author's name and date in parentheses at the end of the

source material. And, if you use a direct quote, place the page number after the publication

date within the parentheses.

Examples
Note the difference between the following three examples:

Terrence (1999) has presented poignant examples from 150 interviews. However, it has

been pointed out that the research was conducted in a selective, highly biased, way (Strong

& Porter, 1998). All of the interviewees have been called “exceptions to the norm” (Strong

& Porter, 1998, p. 5).

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 Introduction to ICT Tayla Barbas 32007547

Note the first example paraphrases an author that is named in the sentence, the second

example paraphrases authors that are not named in the sentence, and the third example

provides a direct quote (thus the inclusion of the page numbers) but also does not identify the

authors within the sentence. If the authors were identified within the sentence in the third

example, the authors' names would be followed by the year of publication and only the page

numbers would be in the parentheses at the end of the quote.

Format
Finally, the bibliographic page in APA style differs from MLA, what APA calls the

Reference page. You will notice a few immediate differences from the MLA Works Cited

format. With APA you include the initial of the author's first name rather than the complete

name, the publication date immediately follows the author's name in parentheses, and titles

of articles are not surrounded with quotation marks. The lists are still alphabetized by

author's last name (or title in the absence of an author) and the first line is flush left while

subsequent lines in the same entry are indented in (approximately 5 spaces or one tab). A

good resource to help you with referencing is Notre Dame’s referencing guide at

http://library.nd.edu.au/referencing/apa#s-lg-box-3040351. There is also a summary

downloadable help document available at:

http://library.nd.edu.au/ld.php?content_id=8053459. In APA Style, you include a reference

list rather than a bibliography with your paper (APA, 2017). A reference list consists of all

sources cited in the text of a paper whereas a bibliography may include resources that were

consulted but not cited in the text as well as an annotated description of each one.

Summary
The School of Education, University of Notre Dame Australia, uses the APA 6th

referencing style for all written documents. In addition to in text referencing and the

reference list there are a number of formatting requirements to ensure your essay complies

with APA standards. Get to know the APA 6th

Assignment 5 Essay Formatting 3

 Introduction to ICT Tayla Barbas 32007547

References
APA. (2017) Bibliography versus reference list. Retrieved from http://www.apastyle.org/learn/quick-
guide-on-references.aspx#Bibliography

Bretag, T. (2013). Challenges in addressing plagiarism in education. PLoS Med, 10(12), e1001574.

Manar, H., & Shameem, F. (2014). Attitude of students towards cheating and plagiarism: University
case study. Journal of Applied Sciences, 14(8), 748-757. doi:10.3923/jas.2014.748.757

Strong, R. L., Porter, M. (1998), Grammatical Combinations. In S. Parker & K. Gibson (Eds.),
Language and Literacy (p 540-578) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Terrence, H. S. (2007, November 1). Student Success in Community Colleges. The West Australian, p.
6-7

Assignment 5 Essay Formatting 4