: Voltage, current and power

: Resistance, ohm’s Law

MODULE 2-
CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE,
CURRENT & POWER

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LEARNING OUTCOME
• At the end the Module, learners should be able to:
• Understand the full meaning of voltage, current and power

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 CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE, CURRENT AND POWER

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 CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE , CURRENT AND POWER

VOLTAGE
The amount of current flowing through a conductor depends
upon the difference in pressure between the two ends of the
conductor. This difference in pressure is called the potential
difference or voltage. To measure the voltage between two ends,
a voltmeter is commended across the ends voltage is measured
in volts. Its symbols V.

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 CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE , CURRENT AND
POWER
VOLTAGE

• It is also the driving force

that compels current to
flow.

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POWER
CURRENT:
Voltage makes electrons move through a circuit and this movement of
electrons is called current. Current does the work in an electric circuit.
Its symbol is I and measured in Ampere. The instrument used to
measure its value is called Ammeter.

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POWER
CURRENT FLOW:
Current is also the flow of free electrons in a material from one atom to
the next in the same general direction.

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POWER
CONDUCTORS:
These are materials that permit free electrons to move without
restriction.

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POWER
INSULATORS:
These are materials that do not have free electron and therefore restrict
their movement.

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 CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE , CURRENT AND
POWER
INSULATORS AND CONDUTORS:

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POWER
RESISTANCE
All material that impede the flow of current to some extent are said to
have a property called resistance. The unit of resistance is ohm ( ).it
increases with increase in length and decreases with decrease in
length. Insulator have a very high resistance while conductor have low
resistance and thus allow current to flow freely

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POWER
RESISTANCE

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POWER
OHMS LAW

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 CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE , CURRENT AND
POWER

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POWER

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 CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE , CURRENT AND POWER

• RESISTANCE IN SERIES

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 CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE , CURRENT AND
POWER

Voltage drop
across resistance
in series

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 CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE , CURRENT AND
POWER

• RESISTANCE IN PARALLEL

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POWER

• RESISTANCE IN PARALLEL

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• VOLTAGE ACROSS RESISTANCE IN PARALLEL

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• VOLTAGE ACROSS RESISTANCE IN PARALLEL

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 CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE , CURRENT AND POWER

• COMPOUND CIRCIUT

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 CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE , CURRENT AND
POWER

 POWER
Work is accomplish when an applied force causes motion in an
electric circuit , voltage is the applied force and current is the
motion. The rate at which work is done is called power. The power
consumed in an electric circuit depends on the amount of current
that passes through a resistance for a given voltage.

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 CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE , CURRENT AND
POWER

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POWER

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