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MANAGEMENT
EARNED VALUE MANAGEMENT
What are the BCWS, ACWP, and BCWP (PV, AC, and EV)?
Answer
BCWS is $500,000.
ACWP is $486,000.
BCWP is $480,000.
From these figures we can see that the accomplishments of the project as
of today are somewhat less than what was planned for. This is the
difference between the earned value and the planned value to date. The
planned value is the BCWS and the earned value is the BCWP. This means
that we are $20,000 behind schedule.
We can also see that the actual cost is $14,000 less than the planned
expenditures to date. This means that we are somewhat under budget.
Unfortunately we are $14,000 under budget but also $20,000 behind
schedule. If we add the $20,000 of work that should have been completed
but was not, we find ourselves projecting a $6,000 over budget condition. It
could be that things are actually worse than they appear at first glance. If
the performance to date continues, the amount over budget will probably
be even higher at the end of the project. This is usually considered a bad
situation.
Variances & Indices
Variances:
CV = BCWP – ACWP (Cost variance=Earned-Actual)
SV = BCWP – BCWS (Schedule variance=Earned-Planned)
Indices:
CPI=(BCWP/ ACWP)
Cost Performance Index=(Earned/ Actual)
Cost variance related as a ratio instead of a dollar amount.
A ratio less than 1.0 indicates that the value of the work that has
been accomplished is less than the amount of money spent.
SPI=(BCWP/ BCWS)
Schedule Performance Index=(Earned/Planned)
Schedule variance related as a ratio instead of a dollar
amount.
A ratio less than 1.0 indicates that work is being completed
Variances & Indices
Ratios are used in the earned value system to predict the
cost to complete a project.
The CPI is used to predict the magnitude of a possible cost
overrun or under run. It adjusts the budget based on past
performance.
The SPI is used to predict the magnitude of a possible time
advance or delay. It adjusts the schedule based on past
performance.
In the schedule below, Project A has a CPI greater than 1.00. This
shows us that the project has been earning value faster than it has
been accruing costs.
However, Project A also has a SPI value that is less than 1.00.
Although Actual Costs are low, Task 1 is behind schedule, so the
project has not earned as much value as was planned.
Forecasting