Table 8.1.

Calibration of Cannon-Fenske viscometer for 1-propanol

Flow times

η
Calibration ŋ, ρt
, cm2/s2
1 2
liquid Trial 1 Trial 2 Average g/cm-s ρ, g/cm3 t2
, 1/s
ethyl
acetate

acetone

water

Table 8.2. Calibration of Cannon-Fenske viscometer for 2-propanol

Flow times

η
Calibration ŋ, , cm2/s2
1 ρt
liquid Trial 1 Trial 2 Ave g/cm-s ρ, g/cm3 , 1/s2
t2
ethyl
acetate

acetone

water

Table 8.3. Experimental A and B constants of Cannon-Fenske viscometer used for 1-propanol
and 2-propanol.

test liquid constant

A, cm2/s2 B, cm2
1-propanol
2-propanol
 Table 8.4. Observations on the effect of concentration on the viscosity of 1-propanol.
flow times mass,g density, g/cm3 ŋ, g/cm-s

mass mass water solution

mass pyc+H2 pyc+sol'
pyc O water n solution
concentration Trial 1 Trial 2 Ave

0.95

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.1

Table 8.5. Observations on the effect of concentration on the viscosity of 2-propanol.

flow times mass,g density, g/cm3 ŋ, g/cm-s

water solution
pyc pyc+H2O water pyc+sol'n solution
concentration Trial 1 Trial 2 Ave

0.95

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.1

Table 8.6. Data on the effect of temperature on the viscosity of 1-propanol.

flow time, s constants
T, K T, oC ρ, g/cm3 ŋ, g/cm- ΔG, J/mol
trial 1 trial 2 Ave A B s
293.15 20
298.15 25
303.15 30
308.15 35
313.15 40
318.15 45
323.15 50

Table 8.7. Data on the effect of temperature on the viscosity of 2-propanol.

flow time, s constants
o 3
T, K T, C ρ, g/cm ŋ, g/cm- ΔG, J/mol
trial 1 trial 2 Ave A B s
293.15 20
298.15 25
303.15 30
308.15 35
313.15 40
318.15 45
323.15 50

Table 8.8. Derived values of entropy (𝛥S) and enthalpy (𝛥H).

test liquids Values
𝛥S, J/mol K 𝛥H, J/mol
1-propanol
2-propanol

Table 8.9. Observations on the effect of concentration of polymer in 0.1 M NaCl on the viscosity.
Concentration, flow time, s t,s η rel η sp η rel η inh
o
g/mL Trial1 Trial 2 Ave
1
0.75
0.5
0.25
0.1
0.05

Table 8.10. Observations on the effect of concentration of polymer in 0.001 M NaCl on the
viscosity .
Concentration, flow time, s t,s η rel η sp η rel η inh
o
g/mL Trial1 Trial 2 Ave
1
0.75
0.5
0.25
0.1
0.05
Table 8.11. Determination of average molecular weight of NaCMC polymer with 0.10 M NaCl as
solvent.
Empirical constant K for NaCMC in 0.10 M NaCl at 25°C,
dL/g
Empirical constant a for NaCMC in 0.001M NaCl at 25°C
Intrinsic viscosity 1 from ŋred VS c ([ŋ]1), dL/g
Average molecular weight 1 (M1), g/mol
Intrinsic viscosity 2 from ŋinh VS c ([ŋ]2), dL/g
Average molecular weight 2 (M2), g/mol

Table 8.12. Size, radius, and root-mean-square end-to-end length of a NaCMC molecule in 0.10
M NaCl.
Size (s1), cm3/molecule
Radius (r1), cm
Root-mean-square end-to-end (<r2>1/21), cm
Size (s2), cm3/molecule
Radius (r2), cm
Root-mean-square end-to-end (<r2>1/22), cm

Table 8.13. Determination of average molecular weight of NaCMC polymer with 0.001 M NaCl
as solvent.
Empirical constant K for NaCMC in 0.100M NaCl at 25°C,
dL/g
Empirical constant a for NaCMC in 0.100M NaCl at 25°C
Intrinsic viscosity 1 from ŋred VS c ([ŋ]1), dL/g
Average molecular weight 1 (M1), g/mol
Intrinsic viscosity 2 from ŋinh VS c ([ŋ]2), dL/g
Average molecular weight 2 (M2), g/mol

Table 8.14. Size, radius, and root-mean-square end-to-end length of a NaCMC molecule in
0.001 M NaCl.
Size (s1), cm3/molecule
Radius (r1), cm
Root-mean-square end-to-end (<r2>1/21), cm
Size (s2), cm3/molecule
Radius (r2), cm
Root-mean-square end-to-end (<r2>1/22), cm

Table 8.15. Vapor Pressure and Density of Water from 25oC to 35oC
T, oC *Vapor Pressure, MPa **Density, g/cm3
25 0.0031699 0.997044
26 0.0033639 0.996783
27 0.0035681 0.996512
28 0.0037831 0.996232
29 0.0040092 0.995944
30 0.0042470 0.995646
31 0.0044969 0.995344
32 0.0047596 0.995029
 33 0.0050354 0.994706
34 0.0053251 0.994375
35 0.0056290 0.994035
*Perry’s Chemical Engineer’s Handbook 8th Edition
**Chuck Snelling’s density of water table

Table 8.16. Density and Viscosity of Calibrating liquids at 30oC

Calibrating Liquids Density (ρ), g/cm3 Viscosity (η), g/cm-s Surface Tension, N/m
Water 0.995646 0.007973 0.0711586
Acetone *0.780199 **0.002954 0.0221062
Ethyl Acetate 0.899 0.00406 0.022352
*Saturated Liquid Density (Calculation by DIPPR105 Equation)
**Liquid Dynamic Viscosity (Calculation by Vogel Equation)

Table 8.17. Density (g/cm3) of test liquids from 20oC to 60oC at 5 degree intervals.
T, oC *1-propanol *2-propanol
20 0.8043 0.786125
25 0.8002 0.781544
30 0.7964 0.776906
35 0.7923 0.772209
40 0.7885 0.767451
45 0.7843 0.762629
50 0.7810 0.757740
*Saturated Liquid Density (Calculation by DIPPR105 Equation)