Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics Ɣ Volume 29 Number 1 April 2013 pp. 103-120 Ɣ
6DH\HRQ52+ā+\XQPL-$1*ā&KXOKZDQ+$1***
Contents
, ,QWURGXFWLRQ ,95HVXOWVRI$QDO\VHV
,, /LWHUDWXUH5HYLHZ 9&RQFOXVLRQ
,,,0HWKRGRORJ\
Abstract
7KHLPSRUWDQFHRISUHSDUHGQHVVLVHPSKDVLVHGDVKXPDQLWDULDQVXSSO\FKD
SUHSDUHGQHVV
IRUGLVDVWHUUHOLHIPDQDJHPHQWSUHSXUFKDVLQJRIVWRFNLQDSUHSRVLWLRQHG
KXPDQLWDULDQDLGVXSSO\FKDLQV+RZHYHUWKHUHKDYHEHHQYHU\IHZVWXGLHV
WKDWFRQVLGHUWKHEXVLQHVVIRFXVHGDSSOLFDWLRQRIWKHPXOWLFULWHULDORFDWL
FULWHULD
LQ$+35HVXOWVLQGLFDWHWKDWWKHFRRSHUDWLRQDWWULEXWHLVWKHPRVWLPSRUW
DQW
IDFWRU ZKHQ VHOHFWLQJ IDFLOLW\ ORFDWLRQ LQ KXPDQLWDULDQ
GLVFXVVHG
/RFDWLRQ3UH SRVLWLRQLQJ$+3
&RS\ULJKW7KH.RUHDQ$VVRFLDWLRQRI6KLSSLQJDQG/RJLVWLFV,QF3URGXFWLRQDQGKRVWLQJE\(OVHYLHU%9
Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license.
3HHUUHYLHZXQGHUUHVSRQVLELOLW\RIWKH.RUHDQ$VVRFLDWLRQRI6KLSSLQJDQG/RJLVWLFV,QF
7KLVSDSHULVUHYLVHGYHUVLRQRIDQHDUOLHUSDSHUSUHVHQWHGDWWKHWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRIWKH$VLDQ6KLSSLQJDQG/RJLVWLF
V KHOGLQ<HRVX-XO\
3K'UHVHDUFKHURI&DUGLII8QLYHUVLW\8.(PDLOURKV#FDUGLIIDFXN
)XOOWLPH/HFWXUHURI'RQJVHR8QLYHUVLW\.RUHD(PDLOMDQJK#JGVXGRQJVHRDFNU
&RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU3URIHVVRURI'RQJVHR8QLYHUVLW\.RUHD(PDLOFKKDQ#GRQJVHRDF
NU
103
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
I. Introduction
5HFHQWO\DQLQFUHDVLQJQXPEHURIKXPDQLWDULDQUHOLHIRUJDQL]DWLRQVKDY
WKHZRUOG WR
VDYHDQGDVVLVWGLVDVWHUYLFWLPVDVVRRQDVSRVVLEOHE\GHOLYHULQJVXIILFLH
QW
UHOLHIDLGHIIHFWLYHO\ZLWKLQDVKRUWWLPH,QWKHUHOLHIFKDLQGHFLVLRQVRQ
IDFLOLW\ORFDWLRQDQGVWRFNSUHSRVLWLRQLQJDUHVLJQL¿FDQWIRUDUDSLGGLVDVWH
SUHSDUHGQHVVDQGUHVSRQVH$OWKRXJKWKHLPSRUWDQFHRIVHOHFWLQJDVWUDWHJLF
DWWHQWLRQ
KDVEHHQJLYHQLQWKHGRPDLQRIKXPDQLWDULDQUHOLHIORJLVWLFV7KXVWKHPDLQ
REMHFWLYHRIWKLVVWXG\LVWRVXJJHVWWKHFULWLFDOIDFWRUVFRQVLGHUHGIRUORFD
XWLOL]HV$QDO\WLFDO
+LHUDUFK\3URFHVVWRGHWHUPLQHWKHLPSRUWDQWZHLJKWVRIHYDOXDWLRQFULWHUL
7KLVLVEHFDXVHZDUHKRXVHORFDWLRQLVUHJDUGHGDVD0XOWL&ULWHULD'HFLVLRQ
0DNLQJ0&'0SUREOHPZLWKXQFHUWDLQW\VXEMHFWLYLW\DQGDPELJXLW\Z
KLOH DYDULHW\RIFULWHULDQHHGWREHFRQVLGHUHG
PHWKRGLVGHVFULEHGDQGWKHUHVXOWVRIDQDO\VHVDUHSUHVHQWHGLQVHFWLR
Q,9
&RQFOXVLRQVGUDZQIURPWKHDQDO\VHVDQGVWUDWHJLFLPSOLFDWLRQVDUHGLVFXVV
HG LQWKH¿QDOVHFWLRQ
DQG
FRPSDULVRQDQGFRQWUDVWEHWZHHQFRPPHUFLDOVXSSO\FKDLQVDQGKXPDQLWDULDQ
UHOLHIFKDLQVZHUHHPSKDVL]HGE\7KRPDVDQG.RSF]DN7DEOHGHYHORSHG E\7]HQJet
%DOFLNDQG%HDPRQS
'DJGHYLUHQHWDOS
7KRPDVDQG.RSF]DN
7]HQJHWDOS
104
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
UHOLHIGLVWULEXWLRQV\VWHPV7KHPDLQJRDORIRSHUDWLRQDOORJLVWLFDODFWLYLWL
HV
LQPRVWKXPDQLWDULDQUHOLHIORJLVWLFVUHODWHGVWXGLHVLVWRRSWLPL]HWKHIORZ
V\VWHPV WKH VXSSO\ SRLQWV ZKLFK DUH WKH FROOHFWLRQ SRLQWV RI FRPPRGLWLHV
LQ QRQ GHYDVWDWHG DUHDV WKH GHPDQG SRLQWV ZKLFK DUH WKH GHYDVWDWHG
DUHDV ZKHUH
YLFWLPVZKRSOD\WKHUROHRIFXVWRPHUVLQJHQHUDOGLVWULEXWLRQV\VWHPVH[LVW
WHPSRUDU\ GLVWULEXWLRQ
FHQWHUV6LPLODUWREXVLQHVVORJLVWLFVKXPDQLWDULDQORJLVWLFVLQFOXGHVGLYH
UVH
DFWLYLWLHVVXFKDVSUHSDUHGQHVVSODQQLQJGHVLJQSURFXUHPHQWWUDQVSRUWDW
DQG FXVWRPVFOHDUDQFH+RZHYHUWKHODFNRIFXVWRPHUSUHVVXUHPDNHVLWPRUH
GLI¿FXOWIRUKXPDQLWDULDQRUJDQL]DWLRQVWRDFKLHYHWKHLUJRDOV
7DEOH!&RPSDULVRQRIJHQHUDODQGUHOLHIGLVWULEXWLRQV\VWHP
V
*HQHUDOGLVWULEXWLRQV\VWH 5HOLHIGLVWULEXWLRQV\VWH
&RPSDULVRQ,WHPV PV PV
6\VWHPREMHFWLYH
V 0D[LPL]HSUR¿W )DLUQHVVDQGHI¿FLHQF\
'LPHQVLRQDOUROH )DFWRULHV &ROOHFWLRQSRLQWVIRUFRPPRGLWL
HV
'LVWULEXWLRQFHQWHUV
7UDQVIHUGHSRWVIRUFRPPRGLWL
HV
&XVWRPHUV
'HPDQGSRLQWVRIFRPPRGLWL
HV
'XHWRWKHVHVLJQL¿FDQWGLIIHUHQFHVRIKXPDQLWDULDQORJLVWLFVIURPEXVLQHVV
WKDW LV
OHDQQHVVDQGDJLOLW\FRXOGEHKDUGO\DSSOLHGLQWKLV¿HOG5DWKHUWKHVWRFNV
%DOFLNDQG%HDPRQS
*XVWDYVVRQ7KRPDVDQG.RSF]DNS
7RPDVLQLDQG9DQ:DVVHQKRYH
105
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
DUHSODFHGDWWKHGRQRU¶VGHVLUHGGHVWLQDWLRQ+RZHYHUWRJHWKHUZLWK
WKHVH JRRG VXSSO\ FKDLQ SUDFWLFHV WKH LGHD RI WKH YLUWXDO ZDUHKRXVH90
E\
PHDQVRIDGYDQFHGWHFKQRORJLHVDQGUHDOWLPHGHFLVLRQDOJRULWKPVDGGUH
LPSURYHG RSHUDWLQJHI¿FLHQFLHVDQGJOREDOLQYHQWRU\YLVLELOLW\
IURPWKHLURZQFHQWUDOL]HGZDUHKRXVHRUORFDOVXSSOLHUV¿UVWDQGLIQRWWKH\
FRPSHWLWLYH
ELGGLQJSURFHVV/RQJWHUPDQGVWURQJUHODWLRQVKLSVZLWKWKHLUVXSSOLHUV
DUH KLJKOLJKWHGIRUPRVWFRPPRQO\ZDQWHGJRRGVLQQDWXUHGLVDVWHUV
)LJXUH!2YHUYLHZRIUHOLHIVXSSO\FKDLQ
Source:%DOFLNDQG%HDPRQ
2WKHUZLVHWKH\DUHEHLQJSUHSXUFKDVHGDQGVWRFNHGDWGLVWULEXWLRQFHQWH
DLG UHFLSLHQWV3UHSXUFKDVLQJRIWKHVXSSOLHVKDVWKHDGYDQWDJHRIUHDVRQDEOH
SULFHZKHQWKHGHPDQGIRUVXSSOLHVLVORZEHIRUHDGLVDVWHUWDNHVSODFH7KH
ORFDWLRQRIGLVWULEXWLRQFHQWHUVLVVHOHFWHGLQDFFRUGDQFHZLWKWKHLUVWUDWHJLF
RSHUDWLRQVWREHDEOHWRFDUU\RXWWKHSUHGLVDVWHUDFWLYLWLHVUDSLGO\
2ORUXQWREDDQG*UD\S
/DQGHUVHWDOS
.RYDFVDQG6SHQVS
%DOFLNDQG%HDPRQS
6DOLVEXU\S
%HDPRQDQG%DOFLNS
106
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
UHYHDOHGWRSOD\DPDMRUUROHWRDFKLHYHDKLJKSHUIRUPDQFHGLVDVWHUUHVSR
QVH
DIWHUDQHYHQW+RZHYHUWKHUHKDVEHHQOLWWOHUHVHDUFKFRQGXFWHGRQIDFL
OLW\
ORFDWLRQSUREOHPUHJDUGLQJERWKWKHRU\DQGDSSOLFDWLRQVLQKXPDQLWDULDQUHO
LHI
ORJLVWLFV,WLVDOVRQRWDEOHWKDWDODUJHQXPEHUVWXGLHVKDYHPDLQO\IRFXV
HG
RQWKH¿QGLQJRISRWHQWLDORSWLPDOORFDWLRQZLWKRSWLPL]DWLRQPRGHOVUD
)RULQVWDQFHE\XVLQJWKHUHOLDELOLW\RIWKHJURXQGWUDQVSRUWDWLRQQHWZRU
N 8NNXVXULDQG<XVKLPRWRSURSRVHGDPRGHORQORFDWLRQURXWLQJSUREOHPDQG
ORFDWLRQVZKLFKFDQEDODQFHFRVWHI¿FLHQF\DQGRSHUDWLRQDOHIIHFWLYHQHVVRQ
WKHEDVLVRIWKHLUDQDO\VLVRQWKHPLQLPXPQXPEHUDQGSRVVLEOHORFDWLRQRI
RIIVLWHVWRUDJHIDFLOLWLHV)URPWKHVHQRQHWKHOHVVLWLVGLI¿FXOWWRLGHQWLI\W
KH
FUXFLDODWWULEXWHVWKDWSOD\NH\UROHVZKHQGHFLGLQJWKHDSSURSULDWHORFDW
LRQV
IRUSUHSRVLWLRQHGVWRFNVDVZHOODVHVWDEOLVKSUHIHUHQFHVEHWZHHQIDFWR
UVE\
UHIHUHQFHWRDQH[SOLFLWVHWRIREMHFWLYHV
FRVWTXDOLW\RIOLYLQJORFDOLQFHQWLYHVWLPHUHOLDELOLW\SURYLGHGWRFXVWRPHU
UHVSRQVHÀH[LELOLW\WRFXVWRPHU¶VGHPDQGVDQGLQWHJUDWLRQZLWKFXVWRPHUVLQ
.RUSHODDQG7XRPLQHQFRQVLGHUHGWKHUHOLDELOLW\IOH[LELOLW\DQGVWUDWH
WKDWFRQVLVWRIXQLWSULFHVWRFNKROGLQJFDSDFLW\DYHUDJHGLVWDQFHWRVKR
SV
8NNXVXULDQG<XVKLPRWRS
+DOHDQG0REHUJS
$OEHUWRS
'HPLUHOHWDOS
.RUSHODDQG7XRPLQHQS
2]FDQHWDOS
107
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
DYHUDJHGLVWDQFHWRPDLQVXSSOLHUVDQGPRYHPHQWÀH[LELOLW
\
,Q VKRUW SUHYLRXV VWXGLHV VXSSRUWHG WKDW ZDUHKRXVH ORFDWLRQ
PLFUR
SHUVSHFWLYHE\)UHHVH6FKPHQQHUDOVRLQGLFDWHVWKDWWKHPDMRUORFDWLRQDO
LQWR
FKDUDFWHULVWLFVE\GHFLVLRQPDNHUV7KHLQFRQVLVWHQWJURXSLQJRIWKHFULWHULD
GHSHQGV RQ KRZ WKH UHVHDUFKHU ORRNV LQWR WKH SUREOHP DQG GHWHUPLQHG WKH
KLHUDUFK\VWUXFWXUHRIWKHDWWULEXWHV0RVWLPSRUWDQWO\LWLVFUXFLDOWRFRQVLGHU
WKHXQLTXHFKDUDFWHULVWLFVRIKXPDQLWDULDQUHOLHIORJLVWLFVLWVHOIWRGHYHO
RSD VRSKLVWLFDWHGORFDWLRQGHFLVLRQVWUXFWXUH
III. Methodology
7KHSULQFLSDOJRDODQGUDWLRQDOHRIWKLVUHVHDUFKDUHLQVSLUHGE\WKHQHHGW
R
LGHQWLI\PDMRUDWWULEXWHVWRORFDWHKXPDQLWDULDQUHOLHIZDUHKRXVHZKLFKFDQ
SURYLGHLPSURYHPHQWVWRWKHSUREOHPDWLFVLWXDWLRQVWKDWPD\VWHPIURPWKH
P
7RDFKLHYHWKLVJRDOWKHFXUUHQWVWXG\XWLOL]HGPL[HGPHWKRGVZKLFKFRPELQH
TXDQWLWDWLYHDQGTXDOLWDWLYHPHWKRGVZLWKPRUHHPSKDVLVRQWKHTXDQWLWDWLY
H
PHWKRG,QRWKHUZRUGVVHPLVWUXFWXUHGLQWHUYLHZVZLWKSUDFWLWLRQHUVZHUH
¿UVWHPSOR\HGDWDQH[SORUDWRU\VWDJHWRKHOSFODVVLI\WKHDWWULEXWHVDQGW
KHQ
TXHVWLRQQDLUHVIRU$+3ZHUHIROORZHG$VWKHUHLVLQFRQVLVWHQF\LQVHOHFWLQJ
DQGJURXSLQJFULWLFDODWWULEXWHVDSSOLHGIRUZDUHKRXVHGLVWULEXWLRQORJLVWL
FV
FHQWHUDQGJHQHUDOIDFLOLW\VHOHFWLRQLQSUHYLRXVOLWHUDWXUHVWKHH[SORUD
WRU\ VWXG\ ZDV ILUVW GHFLGHG WR FRQGXFW ZLWK H[SHUWV WR JHW IHHGEDFN RQ
WKH
DWWULEXWHV7KLVFRPELQDWLRQLVH[SHFWHGWREHDGYDQWDJHRXVLQWKDWLWDOORZ
V WULDQJXODWLRQWRWDNHSODFH
+RRYHU
)UHHVH
6FKPHQQHU
108
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
VQRZEDOO
VDPSOLQJZHUHGHHPHGWREHWKHEHVWZD\WRDFTXLUHGDWDIRUWKLVLQWHU
YLHZ
VQRZEDOO
VDPSOLQJWKHUHVHDUFKHUFRQWDFWVDVPDOOQXPEHURISHRSOHLQLWLDOO\DQGWKH
XVHVWKHVHWRHVWDEOLVKFRQWDFWVZLWKRWKHUSHRSOH$WRWDORISDUWLFLSDWHG
LQWKHVHPLVWUXFWXUHGLQWHUYLHZV7KHLQWHUYLHZVZHUHFRQGXFWHGLQDOP
RVW
HYHU\UHJLRQDURXQGWKHZRUOGEHFDXVHRIWKHXQLTXHFKDUDFWHULVWLFVRIWK
3DQDPDDQG
8QLWHG6WDWHVRI$PHULFD$VLD&KLQD,UDT.RUHD1HSDO3KLOLSSLQHVDQG
WHOHSKRQH
0RVWRIWKHSDUWLFLSDQWVUHSOLHGWKURXJKWKHHPDLOZKHUHWKH\ZHUHEDVH
GLQ
UHPRWHFRXQWU\IURPWKHUHVHDUFKHUZKHQWKH\ZHUHQRWDEOHWRVSDUHD
WLPH
IRUWHOHSKRQHLQWHUYLHZ'XULQJWKHLQWHUYLHZVRWKHUSRWHQWLDOLQWHUYLHZHH
V
ZHUHVXJJHVWHGE\WKHLQLWLDOSDUWLFLSDQWV(YHQWKRXJKWKHFKDUDFWHULVWLFVRI
RUJDQL]DWLRQVYDULHVZKHWKHUWKH\DUH1*2VLQWHUQDWLRQDORUJDQL]DWLRQVRU
JRYHUQPHQWVXSSRUWRUJDQL]DWLRQVWKH\DUHDOOSRVWHGLQWKHPDQDJHULDOOHY
SURFHVV7KLV
GHPRQVWUDWHVWKDWWKH\KDYHVXIILFLHQWNQRZOHGJHRIWKLVLQGXVWU\(LJKWRI
WKHPZHUHLQWHUYLHZHGE\WKHIDFHWRIDFHPHWKRGRQHZDVLQWHUYLHZHGRQ
WKHWHOHSKRQHDQGRIWKHPZHUHYLDHPDLOGXHWRWKHSK\VLFDOUHPRWHQHVV
$OWRJHWKHUGLIIHUHQWDWWULEXWHVDVGHWHUPLQLQJIDFWRUVIRUKXPDQLWDULDQ
UHOLHISUHSRVLWLRQLQJZDUHKRXVHZHUHGUDZQIURPWKHUHVSRQGHQWV7KH\ZHUH
DVIROORZV3UR[LPLW\WRGLVDVWHUSURQHDUHDV/RJLVWLFVH[SHUWVDYDLODELOLW\
$YDLODELOLW\RIVHDSRUWDQGDLUSRUW1HDUWRSRWHQWLDOEHQH¿FLDULHV$GHTXDWH
6DXQGHUVHWDO
109
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
:DUHKRXVHFDSDFLW\/DERUDYDLODELOLW\/RJLVWLFVVHUYLFH,7&RPPXQLFDWL
FRVW 'RQRU¶V
RSLQLRQ/DERUSULFH([LVWHQFHRIRWKHUDJHQWV1*2V&RRSHUDWLRQZLWK
DWWULEXWHVJURXSZRUNLQJPHPEHUVZHUHIRUPHGZLWKLQWKHORJLVWLFVRI¿FHV
RIWKHRUJDQL]DWLRQV)LQDOO\DWWULEXWHVZHUHFKRVHQDQGPHPEHUVIURP
WKHLQWHUQDWLRQDORUJDQL]DWLRQSDUWLFLSDWHGLQWKLVVWXG\WRVHOHFWWKHFULWL
GHFLVLRQ
KLHUDUFKLFDOVWUXFWXUHIRUSUHSRVLWLRQLQJZDUHKRXVHORFDWLRQDWWULEXWHVXVHGL
Q WKLVUHVHDUFK
2. Research Method
7KH$QDO\WLFDO+LHUDUFK\3URFHVV$+3PHWKRGZDVVHOHFWHGWRGHWHUPLQ
MXGJPHQWV RQ
LQWDQJLEOHTXDOLWDWLYHFULWHULDDORQJVLGHWDQJLEOHTXDQWLWDWLYHFULWHULD7KH
$+3PHWKRGEDVHGRQWKUHHSULQFLSOHVWKDWLVVWUXFWXUHRIWKHPRGHO
FRPSDUDWLYHMXGJPHQWRIWKHDOWHUQDWLYHVDQGWKHFULWHULDDQGWKHV\QWKHVLV RI
SUREOHPV$OWKRXJK$+3KDVEHHQXVHGLQYDULRXVORFDWLRQGHFLVLRQPDNLQJ
SUREOHPVLWKDVQRWUHFHLYHGPXFKDWWHQWLRQLQWKHILHOGRIKXPDQLWDULDQ
ORJLVWLFV$FFRUGLQJO\WKLVPHWKRGGHHPVWREHDSSURSULDWHIRUWKLVUHVHDUFK
%DGULS
$PLULS
7RU¿HWDOS
110
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
7DEOH!'HVFULSWLRQRIWKHFULWHULDIRUUHJLRQDOZDUHKRXVHORFDWLR
Q
0DLQ
6XEFULWHULD 'HVFULSWLRQRIFULWHULD
FULWHULD
*HRJUDSKLFDOORFDWLR 7KHSK\VLFDOJHRJUDSKLFDOORFDWLRQRIWKHZDUHKRX
Q VH
3UR[LPLW\WREHQH¿FLDUL 7KHSUR[LPLW\DQGDFFHVVLELOLW\WRWKHEHQH¿FLDUL
HV HV
7KHVDIHDUHDQRWHDVLO\DIIHFWHGE\GLVDVWHUVQDWX
'LVDVWHUIUHHORFDWLR
UDO
Q
PDQPDGH
7KHRSLQLRQRIGRQRUVRQWKHORFDWLRQVLPSRUWD
/RFDWLRQ 'RQRU¶VRSLQLRQ QFH
&OLPDWH 7KHLPSDFWRIFOLPDWHRQWKHDUHD
&ORVHQHVVWRRWKH 7KHJHRJUDSKLFDOGLVWDQFHWRRWKHUUHJLRQDOOR
U FDO
ZDUHKRXVHV ZDUHKRXVHV
3UR[LPLW\WRGLVDVWHUSUR 7KHJHRJUDSKLFDOGLVWDQFHWRIUHTXHQWGLVDVWHURFFXUUH
QH QFH
DUHD DUHD
&RQVLGHULQJWKHFDSDFLW\WRKDQGOHODUJHDLUFUDI
WDLU
QDWLRQDOFDUULHUVFRQQHFWLRQVDYDLODELOLW\RIDLUF
$LUSRUW DUJR
FRPSDQLHVDQGRSHUDWLRQDODELOLW\
&RQVLGHULQJDFFHVVLELOLW\WRVHDSRUWIUHTXHQF\RIVKLSS
LQJ
VHUYLFHVTXDOLW\RIWKHVHDSRUWKDQGOLQJFDSDFLW\
6HDSRUW DQG
/RJLVWLFV
GLVWDQFHIURPWKHZDUHKRXVH
5RDGLQIUDVWUXFWXUHFRQVLGHULQJWKHWUXFNLQJVHUY
LFH
5RDG
FRXQWULHVFRQQHFWHGDQGURDGFRQGLWLR
QV
:DUHKRXVHLQIUDVWUXFWXUHFRQVLGHULQJWKHIDFLOLW\VHFXU
LW\
:DUHKRXVH
FDSDFLW\DQGSUR[LPLW\WRXUEDQIDFLOLWLH
V
3ROLWLFDOVWDELOL 6WDEOHSROLWLFDOGHFLVLRQVRUSROLWLFDOFKD
W\ QJH
1DWLRQD 5LVNRIULRWVRUSURWHVWWRZDUGVWKHJRYHUQPH
O 6RFLDOVWDELOLW\ QW
6WDELOLW ,PSRUWDQWOHYHORIRXWSXWJURZWKDQGORZDQGVW
(FRQRPLFDOVWDELOL
\ DEOH
W\
LQÀDWLRQ
/DERU /DERUFRVW
/DQG &RVWRIODQG
6WRUDJH 0DLQWHQDQFHFRVWRIVWRUDJH
,PSDFWRIFKDQJHLQUHSOHQLVKPHQWFRVWGXH
&RVW WR
FRPSHWLWLYHSULFHVSURGXFWLYLW\DQGDFFHVVRIUHO
5HSOHQLVKPHQW LHI
LWHPV
/RJLVWLFVFRVWIURPWKHZDUHKRXVHWRWKHDLGUHFLSLHQ
WV
/RJLVWLFV
DQGZLWKLQWKHFRXQWU\
$FFHVVLELOLW\RIWKHQDWLRQ¶VDQGPLOLWDU\DVVHWV¿QDQF
LDO
+RVWJRYHUQPHQW
DLGDQGLQFHQWLYHV
,QW¶O1*2V &RRSHUDWLRQLQLQIRUPDWLRQIDFLOLWLHVDQGSHUVRQ
QHO
/RFDO1*2V
&RRSHUDWLRQ VKDULQJHWFLQWKHFRXQWU\
81
$LGVXSSRUWRIWKHQHLJKERUFRXQWULHVLQUHOLHILWH
1HLJKERUFRXQWULH
PV
V
IDFLOLWLHVHWF
/RJLVWLFVWUDLQLQJDQGOHDVHRIORJLVWLFVIDFLOLWL
/RJLVWLFVDJHQWV HV
111
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
,QWKLVVHFWLRQWKHUHVXOWVRIDQDO\VHVRQWKHSUHIHUHQFHRUGHURIWKHPDMRU
ORJLVWLFV%DVHGRQWKHFRQVLVWHQF\FKHFNLQJREWDLQHGLQWKLVWDEOHWKHHQWLUH
FRQVLVWHQF\UDWLR&5RIWKHSDLUZLVHPDWUL[IRUDOODWWULEXWHVLVFDOFXODWHG
OHVVWKDQ7KHZHLJKWVDUHVKRZQWREHFRQVLVWHQWDQGWKH\DUHDFFHSWDEOH
WREHXVHGLQWKHVHOHFWLRQSURFHVV
7DEOH!&RQVLVWHQF\RIWKHREWDLQHGUHVXOWV
$WWULEXWHV PD[
&, 5, &5
0DMRU
/RFDWLRQ
1DWLRQDOVWDELOL
W\
&RVW
&RRSHUDWLRQ
/RJLVWLFV
1. Major Attributes
7DEOHSUHVHQWVWKHSUHIHUHQFHRUGHURILPSRUWDQFHRIWKHPDMRUDWWULEXW
HV
7KH&RRSHUDWLRQDWWULEXWHWXUQHGRXWWREHWKHPRVWLPSRUWDQWIDFWRUIRUWKH
FRQVLGHUDWLRQRIWKHZDUHKRXVHORFDWLRQVHOHFWLRQZLWKDQRUPDOL]HGZHLJK
W
RI1DWLRQDOVWDELOLW\DWWULEXWHIROORZVZLWKDQRUPDOL]HGZHLJKWRI
WREHWKHQH[WLPSRUWDQWDWWULEXWH7KH¿UVWWZRDWWULEXWHVFRQVLVWRI DQ
WKHZKROHSHUFHQWDJH7KHWKLUGLPSRUWDQWDWWULEXWHLV&RVWDWWULEXWHZLWKD
QRUPDOL]HG ZHLJKW RI 7KH DFFXPXODWHG ZHLJKW ULVHV XS WR ZKHQ WKLV DWWULEXWH
UDQNHGLQIRXUWKIURPWKHWDEOHZLWKDQRUPDOL]HGZHLJKWRI7KHODVW
DWWULEXWHWKDWFRQVLGHUHGEHLQJWKHOHDVWLPSRUWDQWLV/RFDWLRQDWWULEXWHZL
WK
DQRUPDOL]HGZHLJKWRI,QVKRUWWKHWDEOHH[SODLQVWKDWWKHGHFLVLRQ
'DJGHYLUHQHWDOS
112
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
PDMRUDWWULEXWHVIRUKXPDQLWDULDQZDUHKRXVHORFDWLRQVHOHFWLRQ2QWKHRW
KHU KDQG/RFDWLRQDWWULEXWHLVFRQVLGHUHGOHDVWLPSRUWDQWLQWKLVVWXG\
7DEOH!7KHSUHIHUHQFHRUGHURIWKHPDMRUDWWULEXW
HV
5DQN &ULWHULD 1RUPDOL]HG:HLJKW $FFXPXODWHG:HLJKW
&RRSHUDWLRQ
1DWLRQDOVWDELOLW\
&RVW
4 /RJLVWLFV
/RFDWLRQ
7RWDO:HLJKW
2. Sub-Attributes
LPSRUWDQFHIRUHDFKVXEDWWULEXWH)LUVWDFFRUGLQJWR7DEOHRQLocation3UR[LPLW\
DWWULEXWHZLWKDQRUPDOL]HGZHLJKWRI'LVDVWHUIUHHORFDWLRQIROORZV
FRQVLVWRIDQDFFXPXODWHGZHLJKWRIDPRQJWKHDWWULEXWHV
7KHODVWWZRDWWULEXWHVFRQVLGHUHGWREHOHVVLPSRUWDQWLQZDUHKRXVHVHOH
FWLRQ
DUH*HRJUDSKLFDOORFDWLRQDQG&OLPDWHZLWKDQRUPDOL]HGZHLJK
WRI
DQGUHVSHFWLYHO\
7DEOH!7KHSUHIHUHQFHRUGHURILocationDWWULEXWHV
5DQN &ULWHULD 1RUPDOL]HG:HLJKW $FFXPXODWHG:HLJKW
3UR[LPLW\WRGLVDVWHUSURQHDUHDV
'LVDVWHUIUHHORFDWLRQ
'RQRU¶VRSLQLRQ
4 3UR[LPLW\WREHQH¿FLDULHV
&ORVHQHVVWRRWKHUZDUHKRXVHV
*HRJUDSKLFDOORFDWLRQ
&OLPDWH
7RWDO:HLJKW
)URP7DEOHLWFDQEHFRQFOXGHGWKDW3UR[LPLW\WRGLVDVWHUSRQHDUHDVL
V
FRQVLGHUHGWREHPRVWLPSHUDWLYHIRUZDUHKRXVHVHOHFWLRQEXW&OLPDWHLVQ
RW
113
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
DVLPSRUWDQWDVRWKHUIDFWRUV
$FFRUGLQJWR7DEOHRQNational Stability3ROLWLFDOVWDELOLW\LVFRQVLGHUHG EHLQJ
WKH PRVW YLWDO DWWULEXWH ZLWK D QRUPDOL]HG ZHLJKW RI DOPRVW KDOI RI WKH
QRUPDOL]HGZHLJKWRI7KHVHWZRDWWULEXWHVFRQVLVWRIDQDFFXPXODWHG
ZHLJKWRIRIWKHWRWDOZHLJKW7KHOHDVWLPSRUWDQWDWWULEXWHLV
6RFLDOVWDELOLW\ZLWKDQRUPDOL]HGZHLJKWRI,WLVYHU\OLNHO\WKDWWKH
IXWXUHRIWKHRUJDQL]DWLRQLVWREHDIIHFWHGE\WKHSROLWLFDOLVVXHRIWKHFRXQWU\
WKDQRWKHUDWWULEXWHV,WLVHDVLHUIRUWKHRUJDQL]DWLRQWRSUHSDUHDQGRSHU
DWHLQ WKHFRXQWU\LIWKHSROLWLFDOLVVXHVFDQEHSUHGLFWHGDQGZHOOUHDG
7DEOH!7KHSUHIHUHQFHRUGHURINational StabilityDWWULEXWHV
5DQN &ULWHULD 1RUPDOL]HG:HLJKW $FFXPXODWHG:HLJKW
3ROLWLFDO
(FRQRPLFDO
6RFLDO
7RWDO:HLJKW
WR5HSOHQLVK
IROORZVQH[WZLWKDQRUPDOL]HGZHLJKWRI7KHVHWZRDWWULEXWHVFRQVLV
W DQDFFXPXODWHGZHLJKWRIRIWKHWRWDOZHLJKWV
7DEOH!7KHSUHIHUHQFHRUGHURICostDWWULEXWHV
5DQN &ULWHULD 1RUPDOL]HG:HLJKW $FFXPXODWHG:HLJKW
/RJLVWLFV
5HSOHQLVK
6WRUDJH
4 /DERU
/DQG
7RWDO:HLJKW
2QWKHERWWRPRIWKHWDEOH/DQGLVFRQVLGHUHGWREHWKHOHDVWLPSRUWDQ
DQ
LPSRUWDQWDWWULEXWHEHFDXVHWKHRIILFHWKH\VWDQGLVSURYLGHGIUHHRIFKD
UJH
DQGLWZLOOEHWKHORJLVWLFVFRVWWRFXWGRZQWKDWWKH\QHHGWRIRFXV,QRWKHU
LQWHUQDWLRQDO
114
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
KXPDQLWDULDQUHOLHIRUJDQL]DWLRQVEHFDXVHODQGLVRIIHUHGIUHHRIFKDUJHIU
RP WKHJRYHUQPHQWPRVWRIWKHWLPHV
FRQVLGHUHGEHLQJWKHPRVWLPSRUWDQWDWWULEXWHIRUZDUHKRXVHVHOHFWLRQZLW
KD QRUPDOL]HGZHLJKWRI8QLWHG1DWLRQVIROORZVQH[WZLWKDQRUPDOL]HG
ZHLJKWRI7KH¿UVWWZRDWWULEXWHVFRQVLVWVRIDQDFFXPXODWHGZHLJKW
RIRIWRWDOZHLJKW7KHFRRSHUDWLRQRIWKHKRVWJRYHUQPHQW
LVYHU\LPSRUWDQWEHFDXVHWKH\DUHWKHERG\WKDWGHDOVZLWKODQGZDUHKRXVH
FXVWRPVUHJXODWLRQVDQGELOOVHWF
7DEOH!7KHSUHIHUHQFHRUGHURICooperationDWWULEXWHV
5DQN &ULWHULD 1RUPDOL]HG:HLJKW $FFXPXODWHG:HLJKW
+RVWJRYHUQPHQW
8QLWHG1DWLRQV
/RJLVWLFVDJHQWV
4 1HLJKERUFRXQWULHV
,QWHUQDWLRQDO1*2
V
/RFDO1*2V
7RWDO:HLJKW
,QDGGLWLRQ8QLWHG1DWLRQDJHQFLHVDUHDOVRLPSRUWDQWDVWKH\DUHRQHR
UHOLHI SURMHFWV
HVSHFLDOO\LQHPHUJHQF\UHVSRQVH([LVWHQFHRIWKH8QLWHG1DWLRQVDQGWKH
LU
FRRSHUDWLRQLQDFRXQWU\ZLOOKHOSWKHRUJDQL]DWLRQWRVHWXSDUHOLHIVXSS
O\
FKDLQHI¿FLHQWO\,QWHUQDWLRQDO1*2VDQG/RFDO1*2VOLVWLQWKHERWWRPWZR
ZLWK D QRUPDOL]HG ZHLJKW RI DQG UHVSHFWLYHO\ +HUH /RFDO
1*2VLVVHOHFWHGWREHOHDVWYLWDO7KHZHLJKWGLIIHUHQFHVDPRQJWKHODVWW
KUHH
DWWULEXWHVDUHYHU\OLWWOHDQGWKH\DUHDOVRFRQVLGHUHGEHLQJOHVVLPSRUWD
QWDV
FRPSDUHGWRWKHWRSWKUHH$FFRUGLQJO\WKH\ZLOOKDUGO\KDYHDQ\HIIHFWRQWKH
ZDUHKRXVHVHOHFWLRQSURFHVV
)LQDOO\WKHDYDLODELOLW\RI6HDSRUWLQWKHFRXQWU\LVUHYHDOHGWREHWKH
PRVW
LPSRUWDQWDWWULEXWHZLWKDQRUPDOL]HGZHLJKWRIIRULogisticsDWWULEXWHV
WKH
VHDSRUWLVYHU\FULWLFDOEXWDOVRWKHVHDSRUWVKRXOGKDYHWKHDGHTXDWHFDSDF
WKH
GHPDQGLQJDUHDDQGIDFLOLWLHVIRUTXDOLW\VWRUDJHDQGKDQGOLQJWLPH$LUSRUW
115
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
IROORZVQH[WZLWKDQRUPDOL]HGZHLJKWRI7KHLPSRUWDQFHZHLJKWRI
WKHVHWZRDWWULEXWHVFRQVLVWVRIDQDFFXPXODWHGZHLJKWRI
RIWRWDOZHLJKWV5RDGDQG:DUHKRXVHDWWULEXWHVKDYHWKHVDPHQRUPDOL]H
G
ZHLJKWRIIRUPLQJWKHERWWRPLQWKHWDEOH5RDGLVQRWDELJLVVXHIRU
ZDUHKRXVHVHOHFWLRQEHFDXVHLWHPVDUHGHOLYHUHGIURPVXSSOLHUVE\VHDO
HJ
DQGWRWKHEHQH¿FLDULHVE\DLU,QRWKHUZRUGVURDGQHWZRUNWRRWKHUFRXQWULH
V
LVUDUHO\XVHGLQSUHSRVLWLRQLQJZDUHKRXVHFRXQWULHV
7DEOH!7KHSUHIHUHQFHRUGHUIRULogisticsDWWULEXWHV
5DQN &ULWHULD 1RUPDOL]HG:HLJKW $FFXPXODWHG:HLJKW
6HDSRUW
$LUSRUW
5RDG
:DUHKRXVH
7RWDO:HLJKW
3. Final Weights
7KH¿QDOZHLJKWVRIDOOWKHLQGLYLGXDODWWULEXWHVZHUHFDOFXODWHGWRREVH
WKH
GHFLVLRQPDNLQJSURFHVV,QWKRVHVHYHQDWWULEXWHV3ROLWLFDODQG(FRQRPLFDO
DUH IURP 1DWLRQDO 6WDELOLW\ /RJLVWLFV DQG 5HSOHQLVK DUH IURP &RVW +RVW
JRYHUQPHQWDQG8QLWHG1DWLRQVDUHIURP&RRSHUDWLRQDQG6HDSRUWLVIURP
/RJLVWLFVDWWULEXWHV1RWDEO\QRQHRIDWWULEXWHVIURP/RFDWLRQIDFWRUDUHLQW
KH SRVLWLRQRILQÀXHQFLQJWKHGHFLVLRQPDNLQJSURFHVV,QVWHDGWKH\DUHIRXQG
IURPWKHERWWRPRIWKHWDEOHUHJDUGHGDVWKHOHDVWNH\DWWULEXWHVFRPSDUHG
WR RWKHUV
116
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
7DEOH!7KHRYHUDOOUHVXOWRIWKH¿QDOZHLJKWVRIWKHVXEDWWULEXWH
V
+RVWJRYHUQPHQW
/RJLVWLFV
4 8QLWHG1DWLRQV
(FRQRPLFDO
6HDSRUW
5HSOHQLVK
/RJLVWLFVDJHQWV
6RFLDO
6WRUDJH
$LUSRUW
/DERU
:DUHKRXVH
5RDG
/DQG
1HLJKERUFRXQWULHV
3UR[LPLW\WRGLVDVWHUSURQHDUHDV
,QWHUQDWLRQDO1*2V
/RFDO1*2V
'LVDVWHUIUHHORFDWLRQ
'RQRU¶VRSLQLRQ
3UR[LPLW\WREHQH¿FLDULHV
&ORVHQHVVWRRWKHUZDUHKRXVHV
*HRJUDSKLFDO
&OLPDWH
7RWDOZHLJKW
V. Conclusion
)URP WKH HPSLULFDO DQDO\VHV RI WKLV UHVHDUFK VHYHUDO FRQWULEXWLRQV
WKH
117
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
FUXFLDO FULWHULD IRU ORFDWLQJ ZDUHKRXVH ZKLFK KDV EHHQ UHODWLYHO\ LJQRUHG
HPSLULFDOUHVHDUFKZKLFKLVRQHRIWKHILUVWWRLGHQWLI\ZDUHKRXVHORFDWLRQ
GHFLVLRQIDFWRUVLQKXPDQLWDULDQUHOLHIORJLVWLFVFDQEHXWLOL]HGDVDVWHSSLQJ
VWRQH IRU IXUWKHU UHVHDUFK LQ WKLV ILHOG 6HFRQGO\ WKLV UHVHDUFK SURSRVHG
LQWHUQDWLRQDORUJDQL]DWLRQV¶H[SHUWVLQWKLV¿HOG
7KLUGO\IURPDSUDFWLFDOSRLQWRIYLHZWKHXQGHUVWDQGLQJRIWKHSUHIHUHQFH
RUGHURIPDMRUDWWULEXWHVPD\SURYLGHVRPHLPSOLFDWLRQVRQKRZKXPDQLWDULDQ
SDUWLFXODUWKHUHVXOWVPD\EHRIYDOXHWRFXUUHQWDQGSRWHQWLDOKXPDQLWDUL
DQ UHOLHIRUJDQL]DWLRQVLQ6RXWK.RUHDFRQVLGHULQJWKHLURZQZDUHKRXVH7KLVLV
EHFDXVH.RUHDQJRYHUQPHQWHIIRUWVWRGRXEOHLWVLQWHUQDWLRQDOGHYHORSPHQ
W DLG WR DERXW ELOOLRQ E\ WR JLYH EDFN DIWHU UHFHLYLQJ KHOS IURP WKH
OHDUQLQJEHWZHHQKXPDQLWDULDQRUJDQL]DWLRQVDQGFRPPHUFLDOVHFWRUV,WKDV
PRUH
GRQRUGULYHQZKLOHFRPPHUFLDOVHFWRUVKDYHH[WHQVLYHO\GHYHORSHGLQSUR¿W
GULYHQ
JHQHUDOL]DELOLW\LVVXHLQWKLVVWXG\DULVLQJIURPWKHGDWDFROOHFWHGIURPOLPL
LQWRWKLVVWXG\ZLWKGLIIHUHQWKLHUDUFKLFDODQGGHWDLOHGREMHFWLYHVZLWKVX
E IDFWRUV2WKHUPDWKHPDWLFDOPRGHOVLH7236,6FDQEHFRPELQHGWRREWDLQ
¿QDOUDQNLQJ$OVRRWKHURUJDQL]DWLRQVLQGLIIHUHQWFRXQWULHVFDQEHVHOHFWH
GLIIHUHQWDWWULEXWHVIURPRQHDQRWKHURUPLVXQGHUVWDQGLQJWKHQHHGRIWKHS
UH SRVLWLRQHGZDUHKRXVHPLJKWJLYHQHJDWLYHLPSDFWRQWKHKXPDQLWDULDQSUH
SRVLWLRQHGZDUHKRXVHVHOHFWLRQSUREOHPDQGFRQVHTXHQWO\WKHUHOLHIVXSSO\
FKDLQDVDZKROH
'DWHRI&RQWULEXWLRQ6HSWHPEHU
'DWHRI$FFHSWDQFH$SULO
118
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
References
Applications9RO1RSS
$0,5,03³3URMHFWVHOHFWLRQIRURLOILHOGVGHYHORSPHQWE\XVLQJWKH
Production Economics9RO1RSS
%($021%0 %$/&,.%³3HUIRUPDQFHPHDVXUHPHQWLQKXPDQLWDULDQ
'$*'(9,5(10<$98=6 .,+1&1³:HDSRQVHOHFWLRQXVLQJWKH
$+3DQG7236,6PHWKRGVXQGHUIX]]\HQYLURQPHQW´Expert Systems with
Applications9RO1RSS
5REHVRQDQG:&&RSDFLQR)UHH3UHVV
*867$96621/³+XPDQLWDULDQ/RJLVWLFV&RQWH[WDQG&KDOOHQJH
.253(/$- 7820,1(10³$GHFLVLRQDLGLQZDUHKRXVHVLWHVHOHFWLRQ´
119
Warehouse Location Decision Factors in Humanitarian Relief Logistic
Management9RO 1RSS
2/258172%$5 *5$<5³+XPDQLWDULDQDLGDQDJLOHVXSSO\FKDLQ"´
Supply Chain Management: An International Journal9RO1RSS
2=&$17&(/%,1 (61$)6³&RPSDUDWLYHDQDO\VLVRIPXOWLFULWHULD
GHFLVLRQPDNLQJPHWKRGRORJLHVDQGLPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIDZDUHKRXVHORFDWLRQVHOHF
ed.+DUORZ)LQDQFLDO7LPHV3UHQWLFH+DOO
SS
725),))$5$+$1,5= 5(=$32856³)X]]\$+3WRGHWHUPLQH
WKHUHODWLYHZHLJKWVRIHYDOXDWLRQFULWHULDDQG)X]]\7236,6WRUDQNWKHDOWHUQDW
120