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Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2
Disclaimer…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3
Revision Summary………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4
Revision Details…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5
General Description……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6
Launching AUTOTURN 8.2……………………………………………………………………………………… 6
AUTOTURN 8.2 Settings……………………………………………………………………………….………... 8
Place Adaptive Simulation ……………………………………………………………………………………... 14
Place Adaptive Simulation – Offset …..………………………………………………………………………… 14
Generate Corner Simulation …………………………………………………………………………………….. 15
Oversteer Corner Simulation ……………………………………………………………………………………. 16
Generate Arc Simulation ………………………………………………………………………………………... 17
Reverse Simulations..……………………………………………………….…………………………………… 18
Steer A Path………………………………..……………………………………………………….……………. 20
Delete Last Section ……………………………………………………………………….................................... 21
Path Control ……………………………………………………………………………………………………... 22
Place Vehicle ………………………………………………………………………………………………….... 25
Delete Vehicle …………………………………………………………………………………………………... 26
Recall Simulations ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 27
Run Animation ………………………………………………………………………………………………..…. 31
Generate Report ……………………………………………………………………………………………….… 34
Conflict Analysis ……………………………………………………………………………………………..…. 37
Insert Profile ………………………………………………………………………………………………..…… 38
Generate Template …………………………………………………………………………………………….… 39
Appendix A ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 42
Appendix B ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 48
Appendix C ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 51
Appendix D ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 53
Appendix E ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 56
Appendix F ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 60
Appendix G ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 62
Appendix H ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 63
Appendix I …………………………………………………………………………………………………….… 65
This information is provided on an "as is" basis. Updates to these guidelines will be made as needed due
to any errors found in the documentation, new programs, changes in software, software enhancements, or
as policy and management dictate.
As with any documentation or guidelines, improvements can and should be made. Any additions,
suggestions or comments for improvement are encouraged. This documentation is not meant to be a
complete instructional document. The intent is to provide guidelines that, if followed, will result in better
quality and consistency for electronic plans and documents.
Any recommendation for improvement to this documentation is welcomed. Any errors found should be
brought to the attention of the DOT so corrections can be made. Any additional information or detailed
explanation needed to this documentation should be documented and mailed to:
Director of Engineering
Georgia Department of Transportation
One Georgia Center
600 W. Peachtree St. N.W.
Atlanta, GA 30308, US
Or email to:
SolutionsCenter@dot.ga.gov
(When submitting issues through the Solutions Center/Remedy, please specify a subject line of “Plan
Presentation Committee” to ensure the issue can be assigned correctly.)
Version History:
Date Description
AUTOTURN 8.2 is a CAD-based program that simulates low speed turning maneuvers for highway
vehicles. Though AUTOTURN 8.2 operates in the AutoCAD or MicroStation CAD environments the
following guidelines will focus on the use of AUTOTURN 8.2 in the MicroStation V8i environment
customized for use on GDOT projects. In this capacity AUTOTURN 8.2 may be used to define vehicles
and determine vehicle tire tracking and sweep paths. The program can be used in the design of road
intersections, parking garages, loading ramps and most types of vehicular facilities. The following
descriptions of AUTOTURN 8.2 features and the recommended applications of these features coalesce
into standardized workflows for the most common scenarios faced on GDOT design projects.
A. Double click on the yellow MicroStation icon to access MicroStation in the GDOT
workspace.
a. Select the appropriate DGN file.
b. Click the GDOT Tools button.
e. Close the Welcome to AUTOTURN window if it opens, close the GDOT Root Menu and
locate/dock the AUTOTURN tool bar as needed.
a. In Microstation set the level in the DGN file to the EDG designated level for AUTOTURN
Simulations.
b. In the Properties dialog box select the General Category, then in the Draw Simulation On
section of the Properties dialog box select the Current Level option.
c. In the Vehicle Draw Options section of the Properties dialog box select the Path Ends option.
d. In the lower half of the Properties dialog box check the Tire Treads, Tires and Realistic check
boxes and clear the rest.
a. Select the Library option and the latest AASHTO library in the Group Vehicles By: section
(see Design Policy Manual Section 3.2).
b. Select the appropriate vehicle for the AUTOTURN simulation and click OK.
a. Click on each element (tangent/arc) of the alignment that defines the simulation path.
b. Click in an empty space away from the alignment after all of the elements have been selected.
c. Though the Place Adaptive Simulation tool creates simulations that follow the selected
alignment it also allows for the creation of simulations offset to the left or right of the alignment
in the event that edge of pavement elements are used for the alignment (see Place Adaptive
Simulation - Offset).
d. Click the Run Animation icon to activate the simulation.
The Offset feature of the Place Adaptive Simulation tool allows for simulations at offset distances from
designated alignments
Note: An alignment consisting of elements (arcs/line segments) connected end to end is required.
A. Click the Place Adaptive Simulation icon on the AUTOTURN toolbar.
a. Click on each element (tangent/arc) of the alignment along which the simulation run.
b. Click in an empty space away from the alignment after all of the elements have been selected.
c. Under Simulation Type select the appropriate offset (Offset Left/Right) and key in the
appropriate offset distance, and then click OK.
d. Click the Run Animation icon to activate the simulation.
This tool generates a turn simulation using an entrance tangent, arc, and exit tangent, with input for the turn
radius and the amount of turn sweep.
A. Click the Generate Corner Path Simulation icon on the AUTOTURN toolbar.
f. Click on a point in the center of the lane into which the vehicle will be turning to generate a
corner path simulation.
g. The four buttons at the top of the SmartPath Tools window may be used to change from the
Generate Corner Path tool to the Generate Arc Path tool, Oversteer Corner Simulation or
Steer A Path tools while delineating the various segments of a simulation.
h. Right-click to end generating the simulation.
f. The four buttons at the top of the SmartPath Tools window may be used to change from the
Generate Corner Path tool to the Generate Arc Path tool, Oversteer Corner Simulation or
Steer A Path tools as needed.
g. Right-click to end generating the simulation.
It is possible to generate reverse simulations with the Generate Arc Path, Generate Corner Path, and Steer
A Path tools. Reverse simulations are initiated simply by moving the mouse back through the rear axle group
while generating simulations. Reverse simulations can also be generated via the Place Adaptive Simulation
Tool as follows:
A. Click the Place Adaptive Simulation icon on the AUTOTURN toolbar.
a. Click on the alignment (complex chain or segments) that delineates the proposed vehicle path.
i. In the Place Adaptive Simulation dialog box, leave the values at the defaults to create a
centerline path follow simulation.
i. When the Continue Simulation dialogue box appears select the Continue Simulation
mode and select a point on the vehicle.
ii. When the SmartPath Tools dialog box appears click Generate Arc Path to continue the
simulation with an arc path simulation.
iii. Move the mouse through the rear of the vehicle to start the reverse maneuver.
Click on points along the proposed vehicle path to generate an arc path section of the
simulation.
c. Left click in the drawing area to begin driving the vehicle. The vehicle will move towards the
mouse position. While the mouse is in motion, the vehicle will be in motion as well.
d. Left click to end the section.
e. Repeat steps c. and d. as many times as required to complete the simulation.
c. All sections may be deleted until only the vehicle in the start position remains. After
depopulating the simulation via the Delete Last Section tool the Continue Simulation tool can
be used to repopulate the simulation with the appropriate sections. (see Continue Simulation).
A. Moving a Node
a. Click the Path Control icon on the toolbar.
d. When the highlighted node to be revised is selected the following dialog box will appear:
d. When the highlighted nodes to be revised are selected the following dialog box will appear:
e. Radius Type options from the drop down list include Centerline, Curb to curb, Wall to wall and
Inner turn.
f. The values for the Steering Angle and Radius are dynamically updated as adjustments are made.
g. Select a point for a new node in the drawing and repeat steps a through f as needed.
h. Right-click when adjustments are complete.
a. The Articulating Angle value for the trailer of a multi-unit vehicle is displayed and dynamically updated
in the Path control dialog box. Select the appropriate trailer from the drop down arrow to the right of the
Articulating Angle.
a. When editing a corner path section the corner radius can be adjusted by moving the cursor
towards or away from the center of the arc. The two end nodes will be highlighted when making
revisions of this type.
This tool places graphic representations of the plan view of the current vehicle along a selected path. The Place
Vehicle tool can also be used to place graphic representations of the plan view of the vehicle used in an existing
simulation along its path. A realistic vehicle drawing for the vehicle, can be placed in the drawing by selecting
the Realistic check box in the Vehicle Draw Options section of the General category of the Properties dialog
box (see Properties -> General Category: Vehicle Draw Options and Customizing AUTOTURN -> Creating a
Realistic Vehicle Drawing).
Use the Place Vehicle tool to Place a vehicle on a pre-drawn path, Place a vehicle on a turn simulation, Re-use
a preselected path.
Note: Existing graphics must reside in the host CAD drawing and be available for use as path elements.
A. Placing a Vehicle on a Pre-drawn Path – The CAD graphics representing the vehicle path may consist
of lines and arcs, a polyline/complex chain, or an alignment. Lines and arcs can not be combined with
polylines/complex chains or alignments to make up the path elements.
a. Click the Place Vehicle icon on the toolbar.
b. For path elements consisting of lines/arcs, select the path elements in the direction of the traffic
flow then click in an empty area of the.
c. If the path is delineated by a polyline/complex chain or an alignment, select the path element
nearest its beginning.
d. A circle and an arrow will appear at the beginning and end, respectively, of the path after it has
been selected. The arrow points in the travel direction.
e. Use the cursor to lead the movement of the vehicle along the vehicle path then left click the
destination point of the vehicle.
f. Repeat step e as necessary.
g. Right-click upon completion.
c. Click Use Last Path button and the last selected vehicle path will become the active path.
d. Use the cursor to lead the movement of the vehicle along the vehicle path then left click the
destination point for vehicle placement.
e. Repeat step d as necessary.
f. Continue placing vehicles as needed.
g. Right-click upon completion.
Note: This tool can be used as an alternative to the Run Animation tool (see Run Animation) for visualizing
vehicle movement along a pre-drawn path or turn simulation. Simply move the pointer backwards and forwards
along the selected pre-drawn path or turn simulation to preview the vehicle movement, and then right-click
upon completion.
Delete Vehicle
This tool is used to delete vehicles previously added to simulations using the Place Vehicle tool (see Place
Vehicle ).
Note: At least one vehicle placed via the Place Vehicle tool must reside in an existing simulation in order for
the Delete Vehicle tool to be applicable.
A. Deleting a Vehicle
a. Click the Delete Vehicle icon on the toolbar.
Note: The vehicles at either end of a path or at a change of orientation cannot be deleted.
Note: See Appendix H for additional information.
B. Placing Simulations
a. Click the Recall Simulations icon on the toolbar.
b. Select up to five turn simulations (use SHIFT+select and/or CTRL+select to make multiple
selections).
c. Click the Place Adaptive Simulation icon in the lower right portion of the Recall Simulations
dialog box to place the highlighted simulation(s) in the drawing.
Note: The Run Animation button is disabled if more than one animation is selected in the list.
c. Click the Rename button and the following dialog box will appear:
d. Key in the new name for the simulation (max. 32 characters) in the Name field.
e. Click OK to apply the new name and return to the Recall Simulations dialog box.
Note: Upon renaming a simulation it will not be counted as one of the total number of saved simulations due to
its new archived status.
b. Select the simulations to be deleted (use SHIFT+select and/or CTRL+select to make multiple
selections).
c. Click Delete.
d. Click OK to return to the Recall Simulations dialog box.
Note: Multiple selections can only be made with the Place Adaptive Simulation and Delete options.
This tool is used to run an animation of the current vehicle on the selected path elements or run the animation of
the vehicle used in the selected simulation. This tool can also be used to Run an animation on a pre-drawn path,
Run an animation of a turn simulation or Re-use a preselected path.
Note: This tool requires existing CAD geometry in the drawing to act as the path elements. The
geometry may consist of lines and arcs, a polyline/complex chain, or an alignment. Lines and arcs can
not be combined with polylines/complex chains or alignments to make up the path elements.
a. Click the Run Animation icon on the toolbar.
b. If the path elements consist of lines/arcs, select the path elements in the desired direction of
travel, and then an empty part of the drawing away from the graphics.
c. If the path elements consist of a polyline/complex chain or an alignment, select the path element
nearer to the beginning of the vehicle path than the end.
d. The following dialog box will appear:
e. Click the Play Animation button to animate the current vehicle along the path (for more options,
see Run Animation Dialog Box Explained).
f. Click the Close button upon completion.
c. Click the Play Animation button to animate the vehicle used in the turn simulation through the
simulation (for more options, see Run Animation Dialog Box Explained)
d. Click the Close button upon completion.
b. In the Run Animation dialog box, click the Use Last Path button and the following dialog box
appears (if the Use Last Path button does not appear left click on the appropriate simulation
graphics):
c. Click the Play Animation button to run the animation (for more options, see Run Animation
Dialog Box Explained)
d. Click the Close button upon completion.
a
g
a. Play Animation - Click this button to run the animation from beginning to end or from the last
vehicle position after manipulating the vehicle position with the slider.
c. Animation Playback Speed - Set how slowly or fast the animation plays back, where 1 is the
slowest and 20 is the fastest speed. This setting allows you to view animations at a visually
appealing rate on all computers and to adjust for varying presentations. While AUTOTURN
animations can run at varying speeds, this setting is only used for viewing purposes. The speed
of animation is in no way related to the speed of an actual vehicle.
d. Move Slider Left - This button to moves the vehicle one step towards the beginning of the turn
simulation.
e. Move Slider Right - This button to moves the vehicle one step towards the end of the turn
simulation.
f. Vehicle Slider - Move the slider to the left to move the vehicle towards the beginning of the
simulation or to the right to move the vehicle towards the end of the simulation.
g. Loop Animation – Selecting this check box will cause the animation to automatically loop
repeatedly (restart from the beginning each time the end is reached). Click the Stop Animation
button at any time to abort the looping of the animation.
h. Hide Simulation - Select this check box to hide a turning simulation in the drawing while the
Run Animation tool is running.
Note: The Run Animation tool does not produce drawing elements in the drawing file. Any
animation elements left on the screen after an animation is finished can be cleared from the
screen by performing an Update operation in MicroStation.
This tool allows users to view graphic representations of the vehicle's steering angle (and articulating angles for
multi-unit vehicles) over the length of the selected turn simulation. The graphic report can accompany the
simulation in the drawing. A summary report can be generated and saved to a file (fname.rpt) which can be
opened with Note Pad and other word processor software. This tool can also be used to view the vehicle’s
steering angle graph as you generate a simulation (see To View a Report "On the Fly").
A. Generating a Report
d. To change how the report is formatted, select the Show Formatting Options check box (see
Show Formatting Options below).
e. To place the report into the current drawing file, click Place Report, and then left click a point in
the drawing to specify the steering angle graph location.
f. To export the steering angle summary report to a text file, click Summary. The text file is saved
to the disk and then displayed on the screen using Microsoft® Notepad (or the default text
editor).
Note:
• Simulations created with the Place Adaptive Simulation tool are depicted as one section (see Place
Adaptive Simulation).
• For turn simulations using Special Transport vehicles, text file reports contain an additional section on
independent rear steering.
Note: An existing turn simulation must reside in the drawing in order for this tool to be enabled.
a. Click the Generate Report Icon on the toolbar.
Note: Alternatively, enable vehicle angles to see the vehicle's steering and articulating angles update while
generating simulations (see Program Settings -> Display Options: Vehicle Angles).
a. Show Speed - Select this option to display the Vehicle speed for each section of the simulation
when the report is placed in the drawing.
b. Show Length - Select this option to display the length of each section when the report is placed
in the drawing.
c. Show Start Condition - Select this option to display the start condition for each section when
the report is placed. The start condition is either ”in motion” if the Turn Wheels From Stop
check box was not selected or ”stopped” if the Turn Wheels From Stop check box was selected
in the SmartPath Tools dialog box when the section was generated.
d. Show Type - Select this option to display the maneuver type for each section when the report is
placed.
e. Show Time - Select this option to display the elapsed time for each section when the report is
placed.
f. Show Legend - Select this option to place a legend with the report that shows which colors are
used for each trailer in the multi-part vehicle.
g. Horizontal Scale - This option allows the report to be stretched out or shortened to
accommodate report labels when the report is placed in the drawing.
h. Steering Angle - Sets the color and line style for the line representing the steering angle.
i. Articulating Angle - Sets the color and line style for the lines representing the articulating
angles of each trailer of the multi-part vehicle.
j. Outer Box - Sets the color for the outermost line of the report.
k. Text Labels - Sets the color for the text labels that appear below the report when placed in the
drawing.
Conflict Analysis
Turn simulations are generated by taking into account any user drawn CAD elements on the specified Obstacles
layer/level that interact with the vehicle body and body clearance envelopes of turn simulations (see Help ->
Properties -> Conflict Analysis Category). The portions of those elements that conflict with the vehicle body and
body clearance envelopes of turn simulations are highlighted to indicate that a conflict was detected. In addition,
a note is added at the first and last vehicle position in the turn simulation to draw attention to a conflict
somewhere within the turn simulation.
The conflict analysis is carried out on lines, arcs, polylines, and complex chains. Elements contained within
blocks or external references are not evaluated.
Note: The conflict analysis is performed while generating or placing turn simulations (i.e. SmartPath Tools,
Place Adaptive Simulation, and Regenerate Simulation). It is not performed when visualizing simulations (i.e.
Run Animation and Place Vehicle).
A. Dimensioned Profile
This tool generates a turning template of the Current Vehicle complete with all relevant vehicle dimensions and
turning characteristics (see Help -> Overview -> Current Vehicle). The template is generated based on the
vehicle designated in the Select Current Vehicle dialog box and settings specified in the Properties dialog box.
These settings determine the colors, line styles, fills, envelopes and etc. (see Help -> Tools -> Vehicles -> To
Select the Current Vehicle and Properties). Templates can be generated for any vehicle.
A. Generate Template
Note:
• The program will prompt the user in the event that the designated sweep angle is beyond what the vehicle
is capable of negotiating.
• The following envelopes must be enabled in the Envelopes category of the Properties dialog box to
display the corresponding radii dimensions (see Properties -> Envelopes Category):
• Curb to Curb requires the Front Tires envelope.
• Wall to Wall requires the Vehicle Body envelope.
• Inner Turn requires the Rear Tires envelope.
C. Draw Options
a. In the Draw Options box on the lower portion of the Generate Template dialog box the check
boxes are used to designate which elements will be drawn. The pull down menus in the column
under the Color heading are used to designate the color each element will be drawn and the
pull down menu under the Line Style heading is used to designate the line style of each
element.
Select this check box to have the following elements drawn when the template is
placed.
Center Line The vertical and horizontal center lines.
Notes The vehicle's name and library, the units the template was created with, the steering
lock angle of the vehicle, and the sweep line descriptions.
Arrows The sweep labels.
Dimensions The vehicle's dimensions.
Scale Bar A scale bar (expressed in the units the template was created with).
Achieved Angle The achieved angle table.
Table
Left click in an
empty area
away from
graphics.
Left click to
select each
alignment
element.
Select (left click) each line and arc element of the simulation path alignment, then left click in an empty area
away from the graphics. If the alignment is a complex chain click near the beginning. (Do not use line strings
or a combination of complex chains and individual elements and/or line strings.)
Offset option
The Place Adaptive Simulation tool allows for simulations to be centered about an alignment (in the event that
the user copies the edge of pavement to the center of the travel lane for use as a simulation path alignment) or
offset from an alignment (in the event that the user offsets a simulation path from the edge of pavement).
Left click the Run Animation icon, left click on the simulation to select it and left click the play button in the
Run Animation dialog box to activate the animation.
Center of
Travel Lane
Left click on the location where the center of the front axle will be located when the simulation begins
Set the appropriate Speed, Radius and Sweep Angle as needed. The four buttons at the top of the SmartPath
Tools window may be used to change from the Generate Corner Path tool to the Generate Arc Path tool,
Oversteer Corner Simulation or Steer A Path tools while delineating the various segments of a simulation.
Center of
Travel Lane
Left click on the location where the center of the front axle will be located when the simulation begins
Move the cursor from the start position in the direction the vehicle will travel during the simulation until the
vehicle is pointed in the appropriate direction. The vehicle will rotate as the cursor is moved so that the
location of the cursor establishes the start angle (direction).
Center of
Travel Lane
Left click on the location where the center of the front axle will be located when the simulation begins.
Move the cursor from the start position in the direction the vehicle will travel during the simulation until the
vehicle is pointed in the appropriate direction. The vehicle will rotate as the cursor is moved so that the
location of the cursor establishes the start angle (direction).
In the SmartPath Tools dialog box, ensure that Centerline is selected. Key in the speed in accordance with the
project design criteria.
Reverse Simulations
Click on the alignment (complex chain or segments) that delineates the proposed vehicle path.
When the SmartPath Tools dialog box appears select the Generate Arc Path tool (the furthest left of the top 4
buttons) to continue the simulation with an arc path simulation.
The Force Straight Line feature can be used where tangent sections are required so that the vehicle can be
maneuvered with minimal turning movements.
Steer a Path
Set the vehicle’s start position, angle, and articulating angles if applicable. Left click on the location where the
center of the front axle will be located when the simulation begins. Move the cursor from the start position in
the direction the vehicle will travel during the simulation until the vehicle is pointed in the appropriate
direction. The vehicle will rotate as the cursor is moved so that the location of the cursor establishes the start
angle (direction).
When the SmartPath Tools dialogue box appears key in the appropriate speed. The Turn Wheels From Stop
option is available for speeds of 6 mph or less. This allows the steering wheels to be turned before the vehicle
begins to move.
Place a Vehicle
Use the cursor to lead the movement of the vehicle along the vehicle path then left click the destination point of
the vehicle. Right click upon completion.
Delete a Vehicle