Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Two-phase Flow
Leonardo Chica
University of Houston
College of Technology
Mechanical Engineering Technology
March 20, 2012
Overview
• Problem Definition
• Jumper
• Purpose
• Physics
• Multiphase Flow
• Flow Induced Turbulence
• Two-way Coupling
• Conclusions
• Future Research
• Q&A
Problem Definition
Tree
Manifold
www.oceaneering.com
Purpose
• Conservation of mass:
𝜕𝜌
+ 𝛻 ρV = 0
𝜕𝑡
• Conservation of momentum:
𝜕(𝜌𝑢) 𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝜏𝑥𝑥 𝜕𝜏𝑥𝑦 𝜕𝜏𝑧𝑥
X Component: + 𝛻 𝜌𝑢𝑉 = − + + + + 𝜌𝑓𝑥
𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
• Conservation of Energy:
𝜕 𝑉2 𝑉2
𝜌 𝑒+ +𝛻 𝜌 𝑒+ 𝑉
𝜕𝑡 2 2
𝜕 𝜕𝑇 𝜕 𝜕𝑇 𝜕 𝜕𝑇
= 𝜌𝑞 + 𝑘 + 𝑘 + 𝑘
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
𝜕 𝑢𝑝 𝜕 𝜈𝑝 𝜕 𝑤𝑝 𝜕 𝑢𝜏𝑥𝑥
− − − +
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑥
𝜕 𝑢𝜏𝑦𝑥 𝜕 𝑢𝜏𝑧𝑥 𝜕 𝜈𝜏𝑥𝑦 𝜕 𝜈𝜏𝑦𝑦
+ + + +
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕 𝜈𝜏𝑧𝑦 𝜕 𝑤𝜏𝑥𝑧 𝜕 𝑤𝜏𝑦𝑧 𝜕 𝑤𝜏𝑧𝑧
+ + + +
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
+ 𝜌𝑓𝑉
Solid Mechanics
• Elasticity equations
• Horizontal pipes
• Vertical Pipes
– Gas entrainment
http://www.feesa.net/flowassurance
Jumper Model
Feature Value
Outer Diameter (in) 10.75
Cross section
Wall thickness (in) 1.25
Density (lb/in3) 0.284
Carbon Steel Properties Young Modulus (psi) 3x107
Poisson Ratio 0.303
Flow Selected Parameters
• Velocity: 10 ft/s
• 50% water – 50 % air
CFD flow
solution
Exporting Exporting
displacements and Fluctuating
stresses Pressures
FEA structural
solution
Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
Physics Models
Time Implicit Unsteady
Reynolds-Averaged
Turbulence
Navier-Stokes (RANS)
RANS Turbulence SST K-Omega
Multiphase Flow Volume of Fluid (VOF)
Two-bend Case: Volume Fraction
Two-bend case
Slug Period (s) 0.96
Slug Frequency (Hz) 1.0417
Natural Frequency 1st
1.079
mode (Hz)
Jumper Simulation
0.6
0.5
Volume
0.4
Fraction Plane B
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Plane A
Time (s)
Plane A Plane B
Pressure (psi) 2
3rd bend
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
-2
-4
Time (s)
4th bend
Section Max. Pressure (psi)
3rd bend 7.2
4th bend 7.1
Displacements
2 2 2 2
𝜎𝑉𝑀 = 𝜎2 − 𝜎1 + 𝜎3 − 𝜎1 + 𝜎3 − 𝜎2
2
Maximum von mises stress: 404 psi < Yield strength: 65000 psi
Stress vs. Time
Von Mises Stress vs Time
40
35
30
25
Stress (psi) 20
15
10
0
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0
Time (s)
• University of Houston:
– Raresh Pascali: Associate Professor
– Marcus Gamino: Graduate student
• CD-adapco:
– Rafael Izarra, Application Support Engineer
– Tammy de Boer, Global Academic Program Coordinator
• MCS Kenny:
– Burak Ozturk, Component Design Lead
• SIMULIA:
– Support Engineers
References
• Banerjee. Element Stress. Wikiversity. 22 Aug. 2007. Web. 17 Jul. 2011.
<http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/File:ElementStress.png>
• Bratland, O. Pipe Flow 2: Multi-phase Flow Assurance. 2010. Web. 14 Oct 2011.
<http://www.drbratland.com/index.html >
• Blevins, R. D. Flow Induced Vibration. Malabar, FL: Krieger Publishing Company, 2001.
Print
• Energy Institute. Guidelines for the avoidance of vibration induced fatigue failure in
process pipework. London: Energy Institute, 2008. Electronic.
• Feesa Ltd, Hydrodynamic Slug Size in Multiphase Flowlines. 2003.
<http://www.feesa.net/flowassurance>
• Izarra, Rafael. Second Moment Modeling for the Numerical Simulation of Passive Scalar
Dispersion of Air Pollutants in Urban Environments. Diss. Siegen University, 2009. Print.
• Mott, Robert. Machine Elements in Mechanical Design. Upper Saddle River: Pearson
Print
• ---. Applied Fluid Mechanics. Prentice Hall 6th edition, 2006. Print.
• Timoshenko, S. and Goodie, J. Theory of Elasticity. New York: 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill, 1970.
Print.
• Volk, M., Delle-Case E., and Coletta A. “Investigations of Flow Behavior Formation in
Well-Head Jumpers during Restart with Gas and Liquid”. Office of Research and
Sponsored Programs: The University of Tulsa. (2010): 10-41.
Questions?