Title :

Engine Starting System Components and Safety Requirements.

Objective :

To remove, inspect and identify the engine mockup starting system components and carry out
the practical within the safety requirements in accordance with the Aicraft Maintenance
Manual (AMM) Engine Alisson 250 mockup ATA Chapter 72.

References :

1. Course Note Module 14

2. Task Card
3. Aircraft Maintenance Manual (AMM) Engine Alisson 250 mockup ATA Chapter 72.

Tools and Equipments :

1. Screwdriver (Phillip and Flat)

2. Open end wrench
3. Mockup engine Alisson 250
4. Ear defender

Materials :

1. Rags
2. Clean water
3. Liquid soap
Procedure :

Engine Ground Run Procedure:

Pre-Start:

1. Both side of the engine stand front and rear have been checked.
2. The surrounding engine area has been checked clear from any FOD.
3. Engine inlet inspected thoroughly and any loose nuts bolt, tools, and other objects
which could cause engine damage and possible subsequent engine failure was ensured
to clear from the engine inlet.
4. The run up area in vicinity of engine inlet and exhaust were inspected and any loose
objects which might possible be ingested by engine or be blown by the velocity of
exhaust gas were removed.
5. The compressor and free power turbine were checked for freedom of rotation.
6. Engine oil level was checked. If engine has remained stationary for a period of more
than 12 hours, a dry motoring will be carried out and oil level was checked before
being replenished.
7. Any sign of oil in exhaust duct was checked, and any evidence of oil leaks at engine
intake was inspected.
8. The fuel system was checked for any presence of water.

Caution:

As movements of fuel cut-off lever unseats valve in fuel control unit, ensure that engine
fuel shut-off switch is OFF and fuel boost pump is OFF. This will prevent premature
entry of fuel into engine.
Engine throttle controls was checked for full travel, freedom of movement and correct
sense of direction.
Engine Start:

1. Ground power unit was connected.

2. Master Switch was placed ON.
3. Beacon light was placed ON.
4. Fan switch was placed ON.
5. Fuel Pump switch was placed ON.
6. The N1 throttle lever was placed to 0 degree position as indicated in the throttle
position indicator.

Caution:

Abort the start if any of the following condition occurs:

Time from start to the idle speed exceed ONE minute. Investigate and correct cause
before attempting another start.
Engine oil pressure does not start to increase by the time gas producer rotor speed(N1)
reached 20%. Investigate and correct cause before attempting another start.(Observed
starter duty cycle).
Indicated TOT exceeds 1490ºF(810ºC) for more than 10 seconds with a momentary peak
on ONE second at 1700ºF(927ºC).
Indicated TOT exceeds 1700ºF(927ºC) or remains at 1700ºF(927ºC) for more than ONE
second.

7. The ignition switch and TOGGLE simultaneously were placed to ON and the start
switch was hold to ON.
8. The N1 speed was ensured when it reached the value listed below, then the N1 throttle
lever was advanced to 30 degrees position (IDLE).
The throttle lever was ensured to be retarded to 0 degrees position (FUEL CUT-OFF)
if there is no immediate TOT indication.
The cause for no light-off was investigated to be determined.

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE N1 SPEED

Above 7ºC(45ºF) 15%

Minus 18ºC to 7ºC(0º to 44ºF) 13%

Below 18ºC(minus 1ºF) 12%

9. The Start Switch was released at 58% N1 speed and the Ignition Switch was place to
OFF to cut off starter and ignition.
10. The engine was ensured to continue to accelerate and stabilize at 58% N1 speed
(IDLE).
11. The oil pressure was checked a minimum of 50 psi.
Full Power Operation:

1. The throttle lever was advanced to maximum position as indicated on the throttle
position indicator for 30 seconds and the following was recorded :

Full power N1 (60% - 61% RPM).

TOT (maximum 749ºC/1380ºF).

Caution:

Abort the start if any of the following condition occurs:

a) Indicated TOT exceeds 810ºC for more than 10 seconds with a momentary peak
of ONE second at 927ºC.
b) Indicated TOT exceeds 927ºC or remain at 927ºC for more than ONE second.

Normal Shutdown:

1. The N1 throttle lever was placed to Ground Idle (30º) position.

2. The engine was ensured to be stable at idle power for a minimum of two minutes.
3. The N1 throttle lever was moved to fuel CUT-OFF (0º) position.

Caution:

If an engine FIRE (recognized by rapid increase in TOT) occurs:

Immediately engage the Starter and motor the engine to minimize temperature
encountered.
To extinguish the fire, continue to motor the engine with Throttle fully CLOSED and
the Fuel Switch OFF.

4. The N1 indication was ensured to show smooth RPM coasting down.

5. Fuel Pump Switch was placed to OFF.
6. Fan Switch was placed to OFF.
7. Beacon Light was placed to OFF.
8. Master Switch was placed to OFF.
9. Ground Power Unit was disconnected.

Post Shutdown:

1. Engine external area was checked for obvious damage and evidence for fuel or oil
leakage.
2. Oil quantity was checked immediately after shutdown.
3. An entry was made inside the Engine Log Book.
Safety Procedure:

Before Start:

1. Certain precaution was ensured to be taken to avoid injury to personnel and damage to
equipment before attempting to start an aircraft/ engine mock-up.
2. Clearance of loose items, light equipment, stones, paper etc. from in front of air
intakes was checked.
3. Covers and blanks were removed, cowlings and panels were secured according to
requirements listed in Manufacturer’s Manual.
4. Chocks were ensured to be fitted in all wheels and tie down cable(if applicable) fit
between engine mock-up and tie down point was secured.
5. The head gear, loose items of clothing of engine ground crew was removed. The
carriage of loose items in overall pocket is forbidden.
6. Correct and serviceable type of fire extinguisher was positioned for engine ground run.

Noise Hazard:

In addition to the above safety precautions all ground personnel are to be made aware of
the noise hazard of the aircraft engines. To prevent adverse effect on ears, ear defender/
ear muffs was being worn.

Notes:

During the ground running of engine, ground crew must remain at their posts and to be
alert to any immediate danger.