BSS Overview

Titelmasterformat durch Klicken bearbeiten

Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten

• Zweite Ebene
– Dritte Ebene
? Vierte Ebene
• Fünfte Ebene

BSS overview
BSS S14

‹Nr.› © Nokia Siemens Networks Reg-No

Soc Classification level

1 © Nokia Siemens Networks RN28191EN14GLN0

RN28191EN14GLN0 1
BSS Overview

Objectives
Titelmasterformat durch Klicken bearbeiten

Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten

After completing of this module, the participant should
• Zweite Ebene
be able to :
– Dritte Ebene
? Vierte Ebene
• Fünfte Ebene
• Label a diagram of the elements and interfaces used within
the BSS
• Describe the functions of the BSS elements
• Understand the basic idea of Multi point A interface

‹Nr.› © Nokia Siemens Networks Reg-No

Soc Classification level

2 © Nokia Siemens Networks RN28191EN14GLN0

RN28191EN14GLN0 2
BSS Overview

GSM subsystems
Titelmasterformat durch Klicken bearbeiten

Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten

• Zweite Ebene OSS
– Dritte Ebene
? Vierte Ebene
• Fünfte Ebene
PSTN

PSPDN
NSS BSS Mobile Station

PLMN

CSPDN

ISDN

PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network

PSPDN Packet Switched Public Data Network Control flow
PLMN
‹Nr.›
Public Land Mobile Network
© Nokia Siemens Networks Reg-No
User data flow
CSPDN Circuit-Switched Public Data Network
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
Soc Classification level
3 © Nokia Siemens Networks RN28191EN14GLN0

RN28191EN14GLN0 3
BSS Overview

BSSTitelmasterformat
Network Elementsdurch Klicken bearbeiten

Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten

OSS
• Zweite Ebene
– Dritte Ebene BSS
? Vierte Ebene BTS
• Fünfte Ebene
MSC or
MGW/MSS TCSM BSC
BTS MS

BTS

SGSN
‹Nr.› © Nokia Siemens Networks Reg-No

Soc Classification level

4 © Nokia Siemens Networks RN28191EN14GLN0

Transcoder, TCSM2 Base Station Controller, BSC

- considered as part of the BSC - terrestrial channel management
- normally at the MSC site - configuration and management of traffic
- used for converting the bit rate of channels
traffic channels between 64 and 16 - frequency hopping control
kbit/s - paging
- speech activity detection - BTS and MS power control
- framing and synchronisation of the - idle channel quality monitor
vocoder block - quality and field strength control for active
- interfaces to the MSC / BSC channels
- handover control
- maintenance of BTS / BSC / TC
Base Transceiver Station, BTS - interfaces to the NMS / BTS / TC / SGSN
- timing Broadcast Control Channels (BCCH) and Common Control Channels
(CCCH)
- forwarding MS and BTS measurements to the BSC
- detecting RACHs (Random Access Channels) from the MS
- channel coding and decoding on the radio path
- interleaving and deinterleaving on the radio path
- encryption and decryption on the radio path
- performing frequency hopping
- GMSK modulation, demodulation, up / down conversion and power amplifying
- transmitter RF signal combining
- receiver RF signal filtering, amplifying and multicoupling
- reporting idle traffic channel quality to the BSC
Transmission Unit TRU
- provides Abis interface
- reallocates the Traffic and signalling channels in the BTS

RN28191EN14GLN0 4
BSS Overview

BSSTitelmasterformat
interfaces durch Klicken bearbeiten

Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten

MSC TCSM BSC BTS
• Zweite Ebene
MS
– Dritte Ebene
? Vierte
ET Ebene ET
• Fünfte Ebene
ET ET

ET ET

ET ET
ET ET ET ET

ET

Aif Aterif Abisif Airif

‹Nr.› © Nokia Siemens Networks Reg-No

SGSN Gbif
Soc Classification level
5 © Nokia Siemens Networks RN28191EN14GLN0

RN28191EN14GLN0 5
BSS Overview

Multipoint A IF- Solution Architecture

Titelmasterformat durch Klicken bearbeiten
Introduction

Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten

•Basic
Zweiteidea
Ebene
– Dritte Ebene
One BSC connect
? Vierte Ebene to several MSC servers in order to:
• Fünfte Ebene
• Increase the network performance in terms of scalability (easier
capacity expansion)

• Distributing the network load among the serving entities (MSS/MSC

resiliency, if one MSS/MSC fails, the whole BSC won’t be lost )

• Reducing the required signaling as the MS roams (less inter-MSC

Handover and less Location Update Request to HLR Æ less
signaling load).

‹Nr.› © Nokia Siemens Networks Reg-No

Soc Classification level

6 © Nokia Siemens Networks RN28191EN14GLN0

RN28191EN14GLN0 6
BSS Overview

Multipoint A IF
Titelmasterformat durch Klicken bearbeiten
configuration example
Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten
MSC-3 MSC-6 MSC-8
• Zweite Ebene
MSC-2
MSC-1 MSC-5 MSC-7
MSC-1 MSC-4
–
Dritte
POOL-1 Ebene POOL-2 POOL-3

? Vierte Ebene
• Fünfte Ebene

BSC BSC BSC BSC

Area 1 Area 2 Area 3 Area 4

Pool
Pool Pool
Area 1 Area 2 Area 3

BSC BSC
BSC BSC

Area 5 Area 6
Area 7 Area 8
‹Nr.› © Nokia Siemens Networks Reg-No

Soc Classification level

7 © Nokia Siemens Networks RN28191EN14GLN0

Note:

Software required:
BSC Æ S12
MSC Æ M13 (M14 is required for Load distribution
functionality)
SGSN Æ SG5.1
NetAct Æ OSS 4.1

Capacity:

•One BSC can be connected to a maximum of 16 MSCs/MSSs.

•One MSC/MSS can have a maximum of 10 NRI values.
•Multipoint A Interface has no effect on signalling capacity.

Ater A
interface
TCS MSC1
BSC1 M1

TCS
M2 MSC2

RN28191EN14GLN0 7
BSS Overview

Multipoint A IF
Titelmasterformat durch Klicken bearbeiten
Routing Mechanism (1/2)
Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten
• ZweiteofEbene
Selection MSC
– Dritte Ebene
Method 1: based on NRI
? Vierte Ebene
• Fünfte Ebene
• Network Resource Identifier (NRI) identifies an individual MSC/MSS and
enables the BSC to route traffic to one of the MSC/MSSs to which it is
connected.
• The NRI is part of the TMSI which the serving MSC/MSS assigns to a mobile
station.
• After NRI assigned, future transactions between MS and MSC are done
towards the same MSC.
• In BSC MML, it is needed to define NRI for each MSC/MSS.
• NRI length can be from 0 to 10 bits.
• NRI is located in bit 14 to 23 in TMSI.

‹Nr.› © Nokia Siemens Networks Reg-No

Soc Classification level

8 © Nokia Siemens Networks RN28191EN14GLN0

RN28191EN14GLN0 8
BSS Overview

Multipoint A IF
Titelmasterformat
Routing durch Klicken bearbeiten
Mechanism (2/2)

Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten

•Selection of MSC
Zweite Ebene
– Dritte
Method 2 : NAS (Non Access Stratum) Node Selection function
Ebene
? Vierte Ebene
• In NAS node
• Fünfte Ebene the BSC routes the traffic to an available MSC/MSS on
selection
the basis of the circuit group load of each SPC or or by using a weighted
round robin method .

• It is used in the following cases:

– The NRI cannot be derived from the TMSI or the null NRI is received in the TMSI
– The MS indicates an NRI for which an MSC/MSS has not been configured.
– The BSC cannot find direct mapping between the NRI and MSC/MSS for some other
reasons.
– NAS node selection has been defined to be used for all traffic with the forced mode
parameter.

•
‹Nr.›
NAS node selection is automatic and cannot be configured or controlled by
© Nokia Siemens Networks Reg-No
any parameters.
Soc Classification level
9 © Nokia Siemens Networks RN28191EN14GLN0

RN28191EN14GLN0 9
BSS Overview

Multipoint A if
Routing Example
Titelmasterformat durch Klicken bearbeiten
Pool area 1
Textmasterformate
NAS Node durch Klicken bearbeiten
selection
function
• Zweite Ebene
– Dritte Ebene Location Update Attach MSS-1

? Vierte Ebene Procedure (IMSI/IMEI)

• Fünfte Ebene MSC
SSP Encode TMSI so
Location Update Attach that it contains NRI
VLR
Procedure (IMSI/IMEI)

TMSI(NRI)
MSS-2
TMSI(NRI)

BSC MSC
SSP

VLR

‹Nr.› © Nokia Siemens Networks Reg-No

NRI: Network Resource Identifier

Soc Classification level

10 © Nokia Siemens Networks RN28191EN14GLN0

RN28191EN14GLN0 10
BSS Overview

Multipoint A-Interface
Titelmasterformat
Failure Cases durch Klicken bearbeiten

Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten

If MSC breaks down, the NRI value(s) belonging to this MSC are mapped to
• Zweite Ebene
the other available MSCs if load balancing parameter is set in use
– Dritte Ebene
? Vierte Ebene
• The Load Balancing algorithm will be informed about the fault situation
• Fünfte Ebene
and new mobiles will not be allocated to that MSC any more

• In failure situation existing 2241 SCCP SUBSYSTEM PROHIBITED alarm

rises

‹Nr.› © Nokia Siemens Networks Reg-No

Soc Classification level

11 © Nokia Siemens Networks RN28191EN14GLN0

RN28191EN14GLN0 11
BSS Overview

Exercise: Network durch

Titelmasterformat Elements and
Klicken interfaces
bearbeiten

Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten

• Zweite Ebene
– Dritte Ebene BSS
? Vierte Ebene
• Fünfte Ebene

‹Nr.› © Nokia Siemens Networks Reg-No

Soc Classification level

12 © Nokia Siemens Networks RN28191EN14GLN0

RN28191EN14GLN0 12